This study explores the influence of cascade utilization and Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) regulation on the closed-loop supply chain of power batteries. Three pricing decision models are established under the recycling model of the battery closed-loop supply chain are established in this paper: benchmark model, EPR regulatory model disregarding cascade utilization, and EPR policy model under cascade utilization. Our findings indicate that adopting cascade utilization can boost supply chain profits when the revenue from waste battery recycling is low. However, EPR regulation may dampen the battery manufacturer’s profits and those of the vehicle manufacturer. The third-party collector experiences increased profits when the resource recycling revenue is low, while the energy storage station consistently benefits notably from the EPR regulation. For unregulated battery processing, stricter EPR enforcement is required to achieve better environmental outcomes. During periods of high recycling revenue, EPR regulations can balance supply chain profits and prevent battery manufacturer monopolies. Although both cascade utilization and EPR improve environmental performance, only the former increases consumer welfare.

本研究探讨梯级利用和生产者延伸责任（EPR）监管对动力电池闭环供应链的影响。本文建立了电池闭环供应链回收模式下的三种定价决策模型：基准模型、不考虑梯级利用的EPR监管模型和梯级利用下的EPR政策模型。我们的研究结果表明，当废电池回收收入较低时，采用梯级利用可以提高供应链利润。然而，EPR监管可能会削弱电池制造商和整车制造商的利润。当资源回收收入较低时，第三方收集者的利润会增加，而储能站则始终从EPR监管中受益匪浅。对于不受监管的电池加工，需要更严格的 EPR 执法才能实现更好的环境成果。在回收收入高的时期，EPR法规可以平衡供应链利润并防止电池制造商垄断。尽管梯级利用和 EPR 都能提高环境绩效，但只有前者增加了消费者福利。