Near-field radiative heat transfer has recently attracted increasing interests for its applications in energy technologies, such as thermophotovoltaics. Existing works, however, are restricted to time-independent systems. Here, we explore near-field radiative heat transfer between two bodies under time modulation by developing a rigorous fluctuational electrodynamics formalism. We demonstrate that time modulation can result in the enhancement, suppression, elimination, or reversal of radiative heat flow between the two bodies, and can be used to create a radiative thermal diode with an infinite contrast ratio, as well as a near-field radiative heat engine that pumps heat from the cold to the hot bodies. The formalism reveals a fundamental symmetry relation in the radiative heat transfer coefficients that underlies these effects. Our results indicate the significant capabilities of time modulation for managing nanoscale radiative heat flow.

中文翻译：

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时间调制近场辐射传热

近场辐射传热最近因其在热光伏等能源技术中的应用而引起了越来越多的兴趣。然而，现有的工作仅限于与时间无关的系统。在这里，我们通过发展严格的波动电动力学形式来探索时间调制下两个物体之间的近场辐射传热。我们证明，时间调制可以增强、抑制、消除或逆转两个物体之间的辐射热流，并可用于创建具有无限对比度以及近场辐射的辐射热二极管。热机将热量从冷体泵送到热体。该形式揭示了这些效应背后的辐射传热系数的基本对称关系。我们的结果表明时间调制在管理纳米级辐射热流方面具有显着的能力。