The predominant use of synthetic materials, such as fiberglass and polymeric foams, for thermal and acoustic insulation in the construction sector contributes to the recalcitrant waste accumulation in the environment and is not economically sustainable in the long term. This is because they are developed with linear economy standards, they are neither reusable nor recyclable, and, at their end of lifecycle, they are not compostable, with a great amount of them finishing in landfills. This work is focused on the development of natural, self‐growing mycelium‐biocomposites as sustainable alternatives to these conventional synthetic materials. Specifically, fungal mycelium derived from the nonpathogenic fungal strain Pleurotus ostreatus is fed by coffee silverskin flakes, a lignocellulosic agrowaste from roasted coffee seeds, forming 3D biocomposites. The physicochemical properties of the obtained composite are thoroughly investigated, with a final focus on their thermal and acoustic insulation properties. As proved, the natural agrowaste‐mycelium composites possess high porosity and thus low density, good thermal properties, and satisfactory sound absorption capability. Such properties combined with the minimal energetic requirements for their growth and their fully compostable end‐of‐life nature make them valuable alternatives for thermal and acoustic insulation in building construction, among other applications, promoting environmental and economic sustainability.

中文翻译：

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菌丝体农残结合生物复合材料作为建筑施工中的隔热和隔音材料

建筑领域主要使用合成材料（例如玻璃纤维和聚合物泡沫）进行隔热和隔音，这会导致环境中顽固的废物堆积，并且从长远来看在经济上不可持续。这是因为它们是按照线性经济标准开发的，既不可重复使用，也不可回收，而且在生命周期结束时，它们不可堆肥，其中大量最终进入垃圾填埋场。这项工作的重点是开发天然的、自我生长的菌丝体生物复合材料，作为这些传统合成材料的可持续替代品。具体而言，源自非致病性真菌菌株的真菌菌丝体平菇以咖啡银皮片为原料，咖啡银皮片是一种来自烘焙咖啡种子的木质纤维素农产物，形成 3D 生物复合材料。对所得复合材料的物理化学性能进行了彻底研究，最终重点关注其隔热和隔音性能。事实证明，天然农作物废弃物-菌丝体复合材料具有高孔隙率、低密度、良好的热性能和令人满意的吸声能力。这些特性加上其生长所需的最低能量和完全可堆肥的报废性质，使它们成为建筑施工中隔热和隔音的宝贵替代品，以及其他应用，促进环境和经济的可持续性。