Lithocarpus litseifolius (Hance) Chun (L. litseifolius 1837) is an evergreen tree of the Fagaceae. It is commonly known as sweet tea and is a natural sweetener with high levels of dihydrochalcone. In addition, L. litseifolius is a precious medicinal material, and its phlorizin has a unique role in the treatment of diabetes. This investigation aimed to assemble and scrutinize the entire mitochondrial (mt) genome of L. litseifolius. The circular mt genome of L. litseifolius spans 573,177 bp and has a GC content of 45.61%. The mt genome of L. litseifolius comprises 61 genes, of which 21 are tRNA genes, 3 are rRNA genes, 36 are protein-coding genes (PCGs), and 1 is a pseudogene. Tetramer repeats made up 32.57% of all identified simple repeat sequences (SSRs), making them the most abundant type of SSR. 35 PCGs with a combined length of 32,208 bp were predicted to include a total of 461 RNA editing sites in the L. litseifolius mt genome. Besides, nine homologous genes between the chloroplast and mt genomes of L. litseifolius were identified. Furthermore, this study demonstrated that while plant mt genome sizes vary considerably, the GC content of these genomes has remained largely constant. The most conservative genes are atp6, rps1, ccmC, rpl2, nad4, nad7, and trnY-GTA. The phylogenetic analysis confirmed that L. litseifolius was genetically more closely related to Quercus variabilis. This study establishes the groundwork for investigations on the systematic evolution, genetic variability, and breeding of L. litseifolius.

Lithocarpus litseifolius (Hance) Chun ( L. litseifolius 1837) 是壳斗科常绿乔木。它俗称甜茶，是一种含有高含量二氢查耳酮的天然甜味剂。另外，山楂是一种名贵药材，其根皮苷在治疗糖尿病方面有独特的作用。这项研究旨在组装和检查L. litseifolius的整个线粒体 (mt) 基因组。L. litseifolius的环状 mt 基因组跨度为 573,177 bp，GC 含量为 45.61%。木姜子mt基因组包含61个基因，其中21个为tRNA基因，3个为rRNA基因，36个为蛋白质编码基因(PCG)，1个为假基因。四聚体重复序列占所有已识别的简单重复序列 (SSR) 的 32.57%，使其成为最丰富的 SSR 类型。预计L. litseifolius mt 基因组中有 35 个 PCG，总长度为 32,208 bp，总共包含 461 个 RNA 编辑位点。此外，还鉴定了木姜子叶绿体和mt基因组之间的9个同源基因。此外，这项研究表明，虽然植物 mt 基因组大小差异很大，但这些基因组的 GC 含量基本保持不变。最保守的基因是atp 6、rps 1、ccm C、rpl 2、nad 4、nad 7 和trn Y-GTA。系统发育分析证实，L. litseifolius与栓皮栎在遗传上亲缘关系较近。本研究为李子的系统进化、遗传变异和育种的研究奠定了基础。