Stimuli-responsive separation membranes with adjustable interfacial properties are highly desired for energy-efficient and sustainable water purification, owing to their exceptional antifouling capability and separation selectivity. However, the construction of highly efficient responsive membranes continues to present a substantial challenge. Herein, photo-responsive spiropyran (SP) molecular aggregates obtained via a "good-poor" solvent self-assembly strategy were implanted into lamellar graphene oxide (GO) membrane. The obtained GO/SP membrane with enriched water transport channels and enhanced hydrophilicity demonstrated superior water permeability (95.0 L h m bar). Benefiting from the reversible photoisomerization of SP molecules between the hydrophobic SP upon light irradiation and the hydrophilic zwitterionic merocyanine (MC) in dark conditions, the GO/SP membrane possessed captivating photo-response property verified by tunable water permeability and molecular rejection. Theoretical calculation revealed that the thermodynamic interface energy between bovine serum albumin (BSA) and membrane surface changed from attraction in dark conditions to repulsion under light conditions. Consequently, the water permeability of BSA-fouled membranes could recover to 96.2 % of its initial level after light irradiation, exhibiting fascinating photo-driven self-cleaning capability. The designed photo-responsive membrane with feasible membrane fouling control holds great promise for efficient water purification.

中文翻译：

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螺吡喃分子聚集体植入光响应氧化石墨烯膜，具有自清洁能力，可增强水净化能力

由于其卓越的防污能力和分离选择性，具有可调节界面特性的刺激响应分离膜对于节能和可持续的水净化来说是非常需要的。然而，高效响应膜的构建仍然面临着巨大的挑战。在此，通过“好-差”溶剂自组装策略获得的光响应螺吡喃（SP）分子聚集体被植入层状氧化石墨烯（GO）膜中。所得的GO/SP膜具有丰富的水传输通道和增强的亲水性，表现出优异的透水性（95.0 L hm bar）。得益于光照下疏水性 SP 与黑暗条件下亲水性两性离子部花青 (MC) 之间 SP 分子的可逆光异构化，GO/SP 膜具有令人着迷的光响应特性，并通过可调节的水渗透性和分子排斥性得到验证。理论计算表明，牛血清白蛋白（BSA）与膜表面之间的热力学界面能从黑暗条件下的吸引转变为光照条件下的排斥。因此，在光照射后，BSA污染的膜的透水率可以恢复到初始水平的96.2%，表现出令人着迷的光驱动自清洁能力。设计的光响应膜具有可行的膜污染控制能力，为高效水净化带来了巨大的希望。