The benefits of probiotics on dysbiotic microbiomes and inflammation are dependent on the tested strain, host factors, and the resident microbiome. There is limited knowledge on the effects of probiotics in A. actinomycetemcomitans-associated periodontitis. Thus, Lactobacillus acidophilus LA5 (LA5) was orally inoculated for 30 days in C57Bl/6 mice infected with A. actinomycetemcomitans JP2 (Aa) and S. gordonii (Sg). Alveolar bone loss, gingival gene expression, and oral and gut microbiomes were determined. LA5 controlled bone loss in Aa+Sg-infected mice, downregulated the expression of Il-1β and upregulated Il-10 in gingival tissues, and altered the oral and gut microbiomes. LA5 increased the diversity of the oral microbiome of Aa+Sg infected mice, and Aa+Sg and Aa+Sg+LA5 oral or gut microbiomes clustered apart. LA5 induced shifts in Aa+Sg infected mice by increasing the abundance of Muribaculaceae and decreasing Bifidobacteriaceae in the oral cavity and increasing the abundance of Verrucomicrobiae and Eggerthellales in the gut. In conclusion, LA5 oral administration controls experimental Aa-associated periodontitis by altering inflammatory gene expression and the oral and gut microbiomes.

中文翻译：

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嗜酸乳杆菌 LA-5 可改善小鼠中由 A. actinomycetemcomitans 和 S. gordonii 促进的炎症和牙槽骨丢失，并影响口腔和肠道微生物组

益生菌对失调微生物组和炎症的益处取决于所测试的菌株、宿主因素和常驻微生物组。关于益生菌对伴放线菌相关牙周炎的作用的了解有限。因此，将嗜酸乳杆菌LA5(LA5)口服接种到感染A.actinomycetemcomitans JP2(Aa)和S.gordonii(Sg)的C57Bl/6小鼠中30天。测定牙槽骨丢失、牙龈基因表达以及口腔和肠道微生物组。 LA5 控制 Aa+Sg 感染小鼠的骨质流失，下调牙龈组织中 Il-1β 的表达并上调 Il-10，并改变口腔和肠道微生物组。 LA5 增加了 Aa+Sg 感染小鼠口腔微生物群的多样性，并且 Aa+Sg 和 Aa+Sg+LA5 口腔或肠道微生物群聚集在一起。 LA5 通过增加口腔中 Muribaculaceae 的丰度和减少双歧杆菌科以及增加肠道中 Verrucomicrobiae 和 Eggerthellales 的丰度来诱导 Aa+Sg 感染小鼠的变化。总之，口服 LA5 通过改变炎症基因表达以及口腔和肠道微生物组来控制实验性 Aa 相关牙周炎。