Tissue‐mimicking phantoms are valuable tools that aid in improving the equipment and training available to medical professionals. However, current phantoms possess limited utility due to their inability to precisely simulate multiple physical properties simultaneously, which is crucial for achieving a system understanding of dynamic human tissues. In this work, novel materials design and fabrication processes to produce various tissue‐mimicking materials (TMMs) for skin, adipose, muscle, and soft tissue at a human scale are developed. Target properties (Young's modulus, density, speed of sound, and acoustic attenuation) are first defined for each TMM based on literature. Each TMM recipe is developed, associated mechanical and acoustic properties are characterized, and the TMMs are confirmed to have comparable mechanical and acoustic properties with the corresponding human tissues. Furthermore, a novel sacrificial core to fabricate a hollow, ellipsoid‐shaped bladder phantom complete with inlet and outlet tubes, which allow liquids to flow through and expand this phantom, is adopted. This dynamic bladder phantom with realistic mechanical and acoustic properties to human tissues in combination with the developed skin, soft tissue, and subcutaneous adipose tissue TMMs, culminates in a human scale torso tank and electro‐mechanical system that can be systematically utilized for characterizing various medical imaging devices.

中文翻译：

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具有模仿组织机械和声学特性的动态超声模型

模仿组织的模型是有价值的工具，有助于改善医疗专业人员的设备和培训。然而，当前的模型由于无法同时精确地模拟多种物理特性而实用性有限，而这对于实现动态人体组织的系统理解至关重要。在这项工作中，开发了新颖的材料设计和制造工艺，用于生产各种人体皮肤、脂肪、肌肉和软组织的组织模拟材料（TMM）。首先根据文献为每个 TMM 定义目标属性（杨氏模量、密度、声速和声衰减）。每个 TMM 配方均经过开发，相关的机械和声学特性得到表征，并确认 TMM 具有与相应人体组织相当的机械和声学特性。此外，采用了一种新颖的牺牲核心来制造一个空心的椭圆形膀胱模型，配有入口管和出口管，允许液体流过并膨胀该模型。这种动态膀胱模型对人体组织具有逼真的机械和声学特性，与发达的皮肤、软组织和皮下脂肪组织 TMM 相结合，最终形成了人体比例的躯干水箱和机电系统，可系统地用于表征各种医疗成像设备。