Recent years have witnessed increasing research interest in the collective impact of resilience, mindfulness, and self-compassion on individuals’ mental health. This longitudinal study examined the mediating effects of resilience approximately one year after the baseline assessment on baseline mindfulness, baseline self-compassion, and psychological distress approximately two years after the baseline assessment. The study involved 486 Japanese participants, surveyed at three different time points, spaced one year apart. Mediation analysis revealed two distinct pathways: (1) an indirect effect of mindfulness on psychological distress mediated by resilience, and (2) an indirect effect of self-compassion on psychological distress mediated by resilience. However, no statistically significant direct effects of mindfulness and self-compassion on psychological distress were observed. These findings suggest a fully mediated model for psychological distress with resilience serving as the mediator. The mediation model promotes mindfulness and self-compassion as practices that foster the expansion of psychological resources associated with resilience, such as attentional control and emotional regulation, ultimately leading to fewer psychological distress.

近年来，人们对韧性、正念和自我慈悲对个人心理健康的集体影响的研究兴趣日益浓厚。这项纵向研究考察了基线评估大约一年后复原力对基线正念、基线自我慈悲和基线评估大约两年后心理困扰的中介作用。该研究涉及 486 名日本参与者，在三个不同的时间点进行调查，时间间隔为一年。中介分析揭示了两种不同的途径：（1）正念对由复原力介导的心理困扰的间接影响，以及（2）自我慈悲对由复原力介导的心理困扰的间接影响。然而，没有观察到正念和自我慈悲对心理困扰有统计学上显着的直接影响。这些发现表明，心理困扰的完全中介模型以复原力作为中介。调解模型提倡正念和自我慈悲，作为促进与弹性相关的心理资源扩展的实践，例如注意力控制和情绪调节，最终减少心理困扰。