This study assessed the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) and utilities of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients in Lebanon using generic and MS-specific QoL instruments, categorized by disease severity, and explored factors associated with HRQoL. This was a cross-sectional, retrospective HRQoL study collecting data through face-to-face interviews using the EQ-5D-5 L and the Multiple Sclerosis International Quality of Life (MusiQoL) questionnaires. We enrolled Lebanese patients aged ≥18 years, diagnosed with MS for >6 months. Patients were categorized by disease severity using the expanded disability status scale (EDSS) scores: 0–3 (mild MS), 4–6.5 (moderate MS), and 7–9 (severe MS). Bivariate and linear regression analyses were performed to study factors associated with HRQoL. A total of 210 patients (mean age: 43.3 years; 65.7 % females) were included. The mean EQ-5D-5 L utility score was 0.74. This score decreased significantly with disease severity ( < 0.001 for the trend): 0.93, 0.60, and 0.32 for mild, moderate, and severe MS, respectively. The mean MusiQoL global index score was 71.33 and was significantly lower for severe MS (58.68), than for moderate (65.23) and mild (77.80), ( < 0.001 for the trend). Higher educational level, lower EDSS scores, and longer disease duration were associated significantly with a higher EQ-5D-5 L utility (R2 = 0.67), while employment, lower EDSS scores, and decrease in cognitive difficulties were associated with better MusiQoL utility (R2 = 0.46). This study reveals a significant and gradual deterioration in HRQoL as MS progresses, resulting in low utility scores for patients with severe MS.

中文翻译：

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黎巴嫩多发性硬化症患者的健康相关生活质量和效用：一项横断面研究

本研究使用通用和 MS 特异性 QoL 工具评估了黎巴嫩多发性硬化症 (MS) 患者的健康相关生活质量 (HRQoL) 和效用，按疾病严重程度进行分类，并探讨了与 HRQoL 相关的因素。这是一项横断面、回顾性 HRQoL 研究，使用 EQ-5D-5 L 和多发性硬化症国际生活质量 (MusiQoL) 问卷通过面对面访谈收集数据。我们招募了年龄≥18岁、诊断为多发性硬化症>6个月的黎巴嫩患者。使用扩展残疾状态量表 (EDSS) 评分按疾病严重程度对患者进行分类：0-3（轻度 MS）、4-6.5（中度 MS）和 7-9（重度 MS）。进行双变量和线性回归分析来研究与 HRQoL 相关的因素。总共纳入 210 名患者（平均年龄：43.3 岁；65.7% 为女性）。 EQ-5D-5 L 效用得分平均值为 0.74。该评分随疾病严重程度显着下降（趋势 < 0.001）：轻度、中度和重度 MS 分别为 0.93、0.60 和 0.32。 MusiQoL 总体指数平均得分为 71.33，严重 MS 得分 (58.68) 显着低于中度 MS 得分 (65.23) 和轻度 MS 得分 (77.80)（趋势 < 0.001）。较高的教育水平、较低的 EDSS 分数和较长的病程与较高的 EQ-5D-5 L 效用显着相关（R2 = 0.67），而就业、较低的 EDSS 分数和认知困难的减少与更好的 MusiQoL 效用相关（ R2 = 0.46）。这项研究揭示了随着 MS 的进展，HRQoL 显着且逐渐恶化，导致严重 MS 患者的效用评分较低。