Objective This study aimed to compare the effects of two concurrent training (CT) protocols on the physical fitness of middle school students. Method A 12-week quasi-experimental pre-test/post-test study was conducted with 157 middle school students (age = 12.48 ± 0.34, n = 90 females) divided into three groups: CT group A (CT-0h) received combined resistance training (RT) and aerobic training (AT) in each physical education session, CT group B (CT-48h) received RT and AT across two separate physical education classes 48 h apart, and a control group (Con) received no training. Training occurred twice a week. Test indicators included cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) measured by estimated VO2max and 20 m shuttle run (laps), as well as muscle strength assessed through long jump, vertical jump, and handgrip strength. Results The intervention groups exhibited significant increases in estimated VO2max and muscle strength compared to their baseline values (p < 0.05). Both CT-0h and CT-48h groups demonstrated significant improvements in 20 m shuttle run (laps) (mean difference: 8.88 laps, p < 0.01; mean difference: 4.81 laps, p < 0.01, respectively), standing long jump (mean difference: 6.20 cm, p < 0.01; mean difference: 3.68 cm, p < 0.01, respectively), vertical jump (mean difference: 4.95 cm, p < 0.01; mean difference: 4.04 cm, p < 0.01, respectively), and handgrip strength (mean difference: 11.17 kg, p < 0.01; mean difference: 6.99 kg, p < 0.01, respectively). CT-0h group exhibited significantly increased estimated VO2max (mean difference: 1.47 ml/kg/min, p < 0.01) compared to the CT-48h group. Conclusion Both CT programs effectively improved adolescents’ physical fitness indicators. However, the program that integrated RT and AT within the same physical education class demonstrated superior enhancement in adolescents’ CRF.

中文翻译：

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两种同时抗阻和有氧训练方案对中学生体质的影响比较

目的 比较两种同步训练（CT）方案对中学生体能的影响。方法 对 157 名中学生（年龄 = 12.48 ± 0.34，n = 90 名女性）进行为期 12 周的准实验性前测/后测研究，分为三组： CT A 组（CT-0h）接受联合治疗在每次体育课中进行抗阻训练（RT）和有氧训练（AT），CT B 组（CT-48h）在相隔 48 小时的两个单独的体育课中接受 RT 和 AT，对照组（Con）不接受任何训练。培训每周进行两次。测试指标包括通过估计最大摄氧量和20 m往返跑（圈）测量的心肺健康（CRF），以及通过跳远、垂直跳和握力评估的肌肉力量。结果 与基线值相比，干预组的估计最大摄氧量和肌肉力量显着增加 (p < 0.05)。 CT-0h 和 CT-48h 组在 20 m 往返跑（圈）（平均差：8.88 圈，p < 0.01；平均差：4.81 圈，p < 0.01）、立定跳远（平均差）方面均表现出显着改善：6.20 cm，p < 0.01；平均差异：3.68 cm，p < 0.01）、垂直弹跳（平均差异：4.95 cm，p < 0.01；平均差异：4.04 cm，p < 0.01）和握力（分别为平均差：11.17 kg，p < 0.01；平均差：6.99 kg，p < 0.01）。与 CT-48h 组相比，CT-0h 组的估计 VO2max 显着增加（平均差：1.47 ml/kg/min，p < 0.01）。结论 两项CT项目均有效改善青少年体质指标。然而，将 RT 和 AT 整合到同一体育课中的项目显示出青少年 CRF 的显着提高。