To produce ultimate high-brightness hadron beams, synchrotrons need to overcome a most prominent intensity limitation, i.e., space charge. This Letter characterizes the potential of pulsed electron lenses in detailed 3D tracking simulations, key to which is a realistic machine and space charge model. The space charge limit, imparted by betatron resonances, is shown to be increased by up to 50% using a low symmetric number of electron lenses in application to the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research SIS100 synchrotron. Conceptually, a 100% increase is demonstrated with a larger number of electron lenses, which is found to rapidly saturate near the theoretical 2D limit.

中文翻译：

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用于减轻空间电荷的脉冲电子透镜

为了产生最终的高亮度强子束，同步加速器需要克服最突出的强度限制，即空间电荷。这封信描述了脉冲电子透镜在详细 3D 跟踪模拟中的潜力，其关键是真实的机器和空间电荷模型。在反质子和离子研究设施 SIS100 同步加速器中使用低对称数量的电子透镜，电子感应加速器共振带来的空间电荷限制可提高高达 50%。从概念上讲，通过更多数量的电子透镜证明了 100% 的增加，并且发现电子透镜在理论 2D 极限附近迅速饱和。