Based on the four-dimensional layered quantum states and the delegating quantum computation (DQC) model, a new quantum private comparison (QPC) protocol is designed to compare private information between two participants with the help of a semi-honest third party (TP). The TP may misbehave on his own, though he enables to perform the protocol loyally. Benefiting from the properties of 4D layered quantum states in quantum secure communication, the QPC protocol performs the comparison of secrets better. The proposed QPC protocol based on a DQC scheme can be realized by the participants with insufficient capacity. The security of the proposed protocol is ensured by the usage of decoy photons and location obfuscation technique of sequences. The correctness of the proposed protocol is validated by simulations on the IBM’s qiskit. The performance of the protocol against the external and internal attacks is also analyzed.

基于四维分层量子态和委托量子计算（DQC）模型，设计了一种新的量子隐私比较（QPC）协议，在半诚实第三方（TP）的帮助下比较两个参与者之间的隐私信息。尽管 TP 能够忠实地执行协议，但他自己可能会行为不端。受益于量子安全通信中 4D 分层量子态的特性，QPC 协议可以更好地执行秘密比较。所提出的基于DQC方案的QPC协议可以由能力不足的参与者来实现。通过使用诱饵光子和序列位置混淆技术来确保所提出的协议的安全性。通过 IBM qiskit 上的模拟验证了所提出协议的正确性。还分析了该协议针对外部和内部攻击的性能。