Excitonic systems, facilitated by optical pumping, electrostatic gating or magnetic field, sustain composite particles with fascinating physics. Although various intriguing excitonic phases have been revealed via global measurements, the atomic-scale accessibility towards excitons has yet to be established. Here, we realize the ground-state interlayer exciton complexes through the intrinsic charge transfer in monolayer YbCl₃/graphite heterostructure. Combining scanning tunneling microscope and theoretical calculations, the excitonic in-gap states are directly profiled. The out-of-plane excitonic charge clouds exhibit oscillating Rydberg nodal structure, while their in-plane arrangements are determined by moiré periodicity. Exploiting the tunneling probe to reflect the shape of charge clouds, we reveal the principal quantum number hierarchy of Rydberg series, which points to an excitonic energy-level configuration with unusually large binding energy. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of mapping out the charge clouds of excitons microscopically and pave a brand-new way to directly investigate the nanoscale order of exotic correlated phases.

激子系统在光泵浦、静电门控或磁场的推动下，以令人着迷的物理原理维持复合粒子。尽管通过全球测量揭示了各种有趣的激子相，但激子的原子尺度可及性尚未建立。在这里，我们通过单层YbCl ₃ /石墨异质结构中的本征电荷转移实现了基态层间激子复合物。结合扫描隧道显微镜和理论计算，直接描绘出激子带隙态。面外激子电荷云呈现出振荡的里德伯节点结构，而它们的面内排列则由莫尔周期性决定。利用隧道探针反映电荷云的形状，我们揭示了里德伯级数的主量子数层次，它指向具有异常大结合能的激子能级配置。我们的结果证明了在显微镜下绘制激子电荷云的可行性，并为直接研究奇异相关相的纳米级有序铺平了一条全新的途径。