Oily sludge is a complex system that is inevitably generated during the process of oil extracting and processing. It will cause serious environmental pollution and waste of resources if untreated sludge is discharged. In this paper, a composite emulsion cleaner based on modified graphite oxide and surfactants was developed for cleaning oily sludge. First, graphite oxide (GO) was functionally modified with butylamine, and its structures were verified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray electron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and environmental scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Then, the oil-in-water composite emulsion cleaner was prepared by using butylamine modified graphite oxide and surfactants. The conditions for emulsion preparation and oil sludge cleaning were modelled and optimized by the response surface methodology. The obtained optimal formulations were: surfactant content was 2.17 ‰ with SDS/AEO-3 ratio of 9:1, GO-A4 content was 0.96 ‰, water-oil ratio was 5:5, and the oil removal rate was 97.45 %. The optimal cleaning conditions were: liquid-solid ratio of 3.2:1, cleaning time of 32 min, cleaning temperature of 28.7 °C, and oil removal rate of 99.02 %. The solid sediments were characterized by FTIR and SEM, which proved the feasibility of cleaning oily sludge with the emulsion.

中文翻译：

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改性氧化石墨烯基乳液含油污泥清洗剂研究

含油污泥是石油开采和加工过程中不可避免产生的复杂系统。污泥未经处理排放，将造成严重的环境污染和资源浪费。本文开发了一种基于改性氧化石墨和表面活性剂的复合乳液清洁剂，用于清洁含油污泥。首先，用丁胺对氧化石墨（GO）进行功能修饰，并通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、X射线电子能谱（XPS）、热重分析（TGA）和环境扫描电子显微镜（SEM）验证其结构。然后，采用丁胺改性氧化石墨和表面活性剂制备了水包油复合乳液清洁剂。通过响应面法对乳液制备和油泥清洗的条件进行了建模和优化。得到的最佳配方为：表面活性剂含量为2.17‰，SDS/AEO-3比为9:1，GO-A4含量为0.96‰，水油比为5:5，除油率为97.45%。最佳清洗条件为：液固比3.2:1、清洗时间32 min、清洗温度28.7 ℃、除油率99.02%。通过FTIR和SEM对固体沉积物进行了表征，证明了乳液清洗含油污泥的可行性。