Purpose of Review

Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a disease of unknown pathophysiology, with the diagnosis being based on a set of clinical criteria. Proteomic analysis can provide significant biological information for the pathophysiology of the disease but may also reveal biomarkers for diagnosis or therapeutic targets. The present systematic review aims to synthesize the evidence regarding the proteome of adult patients with FMS using data from observational studies.

Recent Findings

An extensive literature search was conducted in MEDLINE/PubMed, CENTRAL, and clinicaltrials.gov from inception until November 2022. The study protocol was published in OSF. Two independent reviewers evaluated the studies and extracted data. The quality of studies was assessed using the modified Newcastle–Ottawa scale adjusted for proteomic research. Ten studies fulfilled the protocol criteria, identifying 3328 proteins, 145 of which were differentially expressed among patients with FMS against controls. The proteins were identified in plasma, serum, cerebrospinal fluid, and saliva samples. The control groups included healthy individuals and patients with pain (inflammatory and non-inflammatory).

Summary

The most important proteins identified involved transferrin, α-, β-, and γ-fibrinogen chains, profilin-1, transaldolase, PGAM1, apolipoprotein-C3, complement C4A and C1QC, immunoglobin parts, and acute phase reactants. Weak correlations were observed between proteins and pain sensation, or quality of life scales, apart from the association of transferrin and a2-macroglobulin with moderate-to-severe pain sensation. The quality of included studies was moderate-to-good. FMS appears to be related to protein dysregulation in the complement and coagulation cascades and the metabolism of iron. Several proteins may be dysregulated due to the excessive oxidative stress response.

中文翻译：

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纤维肌痛综合征患者的蛋白质组学：观察性研究的系统回顾

审查目的

纤维肌痛综合征 (FMS) 是一种病理生理学未知的疾病，诊断基于一组临床标准。蛋白质组分析可以为疾病的病理生理学提供重要的生物学信息，但也可以揭示诊断或治疗靶点的生物标志物。本系统综述旨在利用观察性研究的数据综合有关成年 FMS 患者蛋白质组的证据。

最近的发现

从开始到 2022 年 11 月，我们在 MEDLINE/PubMed、CENTRAL 和 ClinicalTrials.gov 上进行了广泛的文献检索。研究方案发表在 OSF 上。两名独立评审员评估了这些研究并提取了数据。研究质量使用针对蛋白质组研究调整的改良纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表进行评估。十项研究满足了方案标准，鉴定了 3328 种蛋白质，其中 145 种蛋白质在 FMS 患者与对照组之间存在差异表达。在血浆、血清、脑脊液和唾液样本中鉴定出这些蛋白质。对照组包括健康个体和患有疼痛（炎症和非炎症）的患者。

概括

鉴定出的最重要的蛋白质包括转铁蛋白、α-、β-和 γ-纤维蛋白原链、profilin-1、转醛醇酶、PGAM1、载脂蛋白-C3、补体 C4A 和 C1QC、免疫球蛋白部分和急性期反应物。除了转铁蛋白和α2-巨球蛋白与中度至重度疼痛感的相关性之外，蛋白质与疼痛感或生活质量量表之间的相关性较弱。纳入研究的质量为中等到良好。 FMS 似乎与补体和凝血级联中的蛋白质失调以及铁的代谢有关。由于过度的氧化应激反应，一些蛋白质可能失调。