is a maternally transmitted symbiotic bacterium that mainly colonizes arthropods, potentially affecting different aspects of the host's physiology, , reproduction, immunity, and metabolism. It has been shown that Wolbachia modulates glycogen metabolism in mosquito (). Glycogen synthesis is controlled by the enzyme GSK3, which is also involved in immune responses in both vertebrate and invertebrate organisms. Here we investigated the mechanisms behind immune changes mediated by glycogen synthase kinase β (GSK3β) in the symbiosis between and using a GSK3β inhibitor or RNAi-mediated gene silencing. GSK3β inhibition or knockdown increased glycogen content and Wolbachia population, together with a reduction in Relish2 and gambicin transcripts. Furthermore, knockdown of Relish2 or Caspar revealed that the immunodeficiency pathway acts to control Wolbachia numbers in the host. In conclusion, we describe for the first time the involvement of GSK3β in immune response, acting to control the Wolbachia endosymbiotic population.

中文翻译：

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河伊蚊与皮皮恩蒂斯沃尔巴克氏菌共生中的免疫代谢串扰

是一种母体传播的共生细菌，主要定植于节肢动物，可能影响宿主生理、繁殖、免疫和新陈代谢的不同方面。研究表明，沃尔巴克氏体可以调节蚊子的糖原代谢（）。糖原合成由 GSK3 酶控制，该酶也参与脊椎动物和无脊椎动物的免疫反应。在这里，我们研究了糖原合酶激酶 β (GSK3β) 介导的免疫变化背后的机制，以及使用 GSK3β 抑制剂或 RNAi 介导的基因沉默之间的共生。 GSK3β 抑制或敲除增加了糖原含量和沃尔巴克氏体数量，同时减少了 Relish2 和甘比星转录本。此外，Relish2 或 Caspar 的敲除揭示了免疫缺陷途径可以控制宿主体内沃尔巴克氏体的数量。总之，我们首次描述了 GSK3β 参与免疫反应，从而控制沃尔巴克氏体内共生菌群。