The production of alternative and effective medicines is crucial given that antibiotic resistance is currently a global health concern. Several biochemical identification tests were used to screen for Staphylococcus aureus isolates. Analysis of Artemisia annua extract was performed using a trace GC‒mass spectrometer, which revealed that the A. annua extract contains numerous compounds, such as artemisinins, palmitic acid and other vital essential compounds that have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The isolate st.8 was resistant to cefoxitin, oxacillin, and cephalosporins; furthermore, MALDI-TOF/MS Biotyper® identified it as methicillin-resistant S. aureus with confidence value 99.9% of mass spectrum compared with reference spectra. The synthesis of green silver nanoparticles based on A. annua as a reducing agent was confirmed via partial characterizations: (HR-TEM), (XRD), (SEM), (EDX) and (FTIR) analysis. The significant of antibacterial activity of the new green material (AgNPs) was achieved by determining the agar well diffusion assay. Furthermore, compared with those in the Staphylococcus-infected group, a significant decrease in hematological parameters was observed, with an increase in antioxidant biomarkers, a decrease in interstitial tissue thickening by inflammatory cells, and a weak positive immune reaction in a few cells (TNF-α and iNOS) in rats. Overall, this study is a promising step toward the development of new and effective strategies for combating MRSA infections.

中文翻译：

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纳米银青蒿对白化大鼠耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌感染肺组织的抗菌功效评估

鉴于抗生素耐药性目前是全球健康问题，生产有效的替代药物至关重要。使用多种生化鉴定测试来筛选金黄色葡萄球菌分离株。使用微量气相色谱质谱仪对青蒿提取物进行分析，结果表明青蒿提取物含有多种化合物，如青蒿素、棕榈酸和其他具有抗氧化和抗炎特性的重要化合物。分离株 st.8 对头孢西丁、苯唑西林和头孢菌素具有耐药性；此外，MALDI-TOF/MS Biotyper® 鉴定其为耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌，与参考谱图相比，质谱置信值为 99.9%。通过部分表征（HR-TEM）、（XRD）、（SEM）、（EDX）和（FTIR）分析证实了基于青蒿作为还原剂的绿色银纳米粒子的合成。通过琼脂井扩散实验测定了新型绿色材料（AgNPs）的显着抗菌活性。此外，与葡萄球菌感染组相比，血液学参数显着下降，抗氧化生物标志物增加，炎症细胞引起的间质组织增厚减少，少数细胞出现弱阳性免疫反应（TNF）。 -α 和 iNOS）在大鼠中。总体而言，这项研究是朝着开发新的有效策略来对抗 MRSA 感染迈出的有希望的一步。