Lightweight structural materials are commonly used as effective fillers for advanced composites with high toughness. This study focused on enhancing the toughness of direct‐spun carbon nanotube yarns (CNTYs) by controlling the micro‐textural structure using a water‐gap‐based direct spinning. Drawing inspiration from the structural features of natural spider silk fibroin, characterized by an α‐helix in the amorphous region and β‐sheet in the crystalline region, multiscale bundles within CNTYs are reorganized into a unique nano‐coil‐like structure. This nano‐coiled structure facilitated the efficient dissipation of external mechanical loads through densification with the rearrangement of multiscale bundles, improving specific strength and strain. The resulting CNTYs exhibited exceptional mechanical properties with toughness reaching 250 J g−1, making them promising alternatives to commercially available fibers in lightweight, high‐toughness applications. These findings highlight the significance of nano‐coiling engineering for emulating bio‐inspired micro‐textural structures, achieving remarkable enhancement in the toughness of CNTYs.

中文翻译：

---

采用仿生纳米卷绕工程的超韧性碳纳米管纱线

轻质结构材料通常用作高韧性先进复合材料的有效填料。本研究的重点是通过基于水隙的直接纺丝控制微观纹理结构来增强直纺碳纳米管纱线（CNTY）的韧性。受到天然蜘蛛丝素蛋白结构特征的启发，其特征是无定形区域的 α 螺旋和结晶区域的 β 折叠，CNTY 内的多尺度束被重组为独特的纳米线圈状结构。这种纳米螺旋结构通过多尺度束的重新排列致密化，促进了外部机械载荷的有效消散，提高了比强度和应变。由此产生的 CNTY 表现出优异的机械性能，韧性达到 250 J g−1，使其成为轻质、高韧性应用中商用纤维的有前景的替代品。这些发现凸显了纳米线圈工程对于模拟仿生微纹理结构的重要性，显着提高了CNTY的韧性。