Elasticity, featured by a recoverable strain, refers to the ability that materials can return to their original shapes after deformation. Typically, the elastic strains of most metals are well‐known 0.2%. In shape memory alloys and high entropy alloys, the elastic strains can be several percent, as called superelasticity, which are all triggered by external stresses. A superelasticity induced by magnetic field, termed as magneto‐superelasticity, is extremely important for contactless work of materials and for developing brand‐new large stroke actuators and high efficiency energy transducers. In magnetic shape memory alloys, the twin boundary motion driven by magnetic field can output a strain of several percent. However, this strain is unrecoverable when removing the magnetic field and hence it is not magneto‐superelasticity. Here, a giant magneto‐superelasticity of 5% in a Ni34Co8Cu8Mn36Ga14 single crystal is reported by introducing arrays of ordered dislocations to form preferentially oriented martensitic variants during the magnetically induced reverse martensitic transformation. This work provides an opportunity to achieve high performance in functional materials by defect engineering.

中文翻译：

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通过在 Ni34Co8Cu8Mn36Ga14 单晶中引入有序位错实现 5% 的巨磁超弹性

弹性是以可恢复应变为特征的，是指材料变形后恢复到原来形状的能力。通常，大多数金属的弹性应变众所周知为 0.2%。在形状记忆合金和高熵合金中，弹性应变可以达到百分之几，称为超弹性，这些都是由外部应力触发的。由磁场引起的超弹性，称为磁超弹性，对于材料的非接触式工作以及开发全新的大行程执行器和高效能量传感器极其重要。在磁性形状记忆合金中，磁场驱动的孪晶边界运动可以输出百分之几的应变。然而，当去除磁场时，这种应变是不可恢复的，因此它不是磁超弹性。此处，Ni 中的巨磁超弹性为 5%34钴8铜8锰36嘎14通过引入有序位错阵列以在磁诱导反向马氏体转变过程中形成择优取向的马氏体变体，报道了单晶。这项工作提供了通过缺陷工程实现功能材料高性能的机会。