Welding of thermoplastics is a common practice in many industrial sectors, but it has yet to be realized with fluids. Here, the thermal welding of liquids by using the assembly and jamming of nanoparticle surfactants (NPSs) at liquid–liquid interfaces is reported. By fine-tuning the dynamic interaction strength within NPSs, the interfacial activity of NPSs, as well as the binding energy of NPSs to the interface can be precisely controlled, leading to a dynamic exchange of NPSs, maximizing the reduction in the interfacial energy. With NPSs jammed at the interface, the structures of liquids can be manipulated to complex geometries by applying an external force and, due to the temperature responsiveness of NPSs, when bringing liquids into contact and heating the system, welding of liquids can be achieved. This work provides a straightforward strategy for the construction of modular all-liquid fluidics, opening up numerous opportunities in fields like biotechnology, healthcare, and materials science.

中文翻译：

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液体热焊接

热塑性塑料的焊接是许多工业领域的常见做法，但尚未通过流体实现。在此，报道了通过在液-液界面处组装和堵塞纳米颗粒表面活性剂（NPS）来实现液体热焊接。通过微调NPS内部的动态相互作用强度，可以精确控制NPS的界面活性以及NPS与界面的结合能，从而导致NPS的动态交换，最大限度地降低界面能。通过将NPS卡在界面上，可以通过施加外力将液体结构操纵成复杂的几何形状，并且由于NPS的温度响应性，当使液体接触并加热系统时，可以实现液体的焊接。这项工作为构建模块化全液体流体学提供了一种简单的策略，为生物技术、医疗保健和材料科学等领域开辟了众多机会。