Energy demand worldwide demands clean, cheap, and renewable energy. Through the use of photoelectrochemical (PEC) conversion, solar energy can be transformed into chemical energy. Bismuth vanadate (BiVO4), a material exhibiting visible light activity, favourable conduction band edge energies, and ease of synthesis, has become increasingly popular in recent years. In BiVO4, charge carriers recombine rapidly, which adversely affects the PEC performance and stability. There have been several strategies developed to mitigate these deficiencies, including novel heterojunctions, doping with metals, coupling with cocatalysts, interface modification and modifying morphology. To achieve the best results, it is required to develop PEC devices with exceptional cost‐to‐efficiency ratios and long‐term durability. This review also examines novel yet commercially viable applications for BiVO4‐based photoanodes. Lastly, we discuss the challenges and perspectives facing PEC water splitting systems based on BiVO4.

中文翻译：

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用于光电化学水分解的 BiVO4 光阳极表面工程：最新进展

全球能源需求需要清洁、廉价和可再生能源。通过利用光电化学（PEC）转换，可以将太阳能转化为化学能。钒酸铋（BiVO4）是一种具有可见光活性、良好的导带边缘能量且易于合成的材料，近年来变得越来越受欢迎。在 BiVO4 中，载流子快速复合，这对 PEC 性能和稳定性产生不利影响。已经开发了多种策略来减轻这些缺陷，包括新型异质结、金属掺杂、助催化剂偶联、界面改性和改变形态。为了获得最佳结果，需要开发具有卓越成本效率和长期耐用性的 PEC 设备。本综述还探讨了基于 BiVO4 的光电阳极的新颖但商业上可行的应用。最后，我们讨论了基于 BiVO4 的 PEC 水分解系统面临的挑战和前景。