Organic acid-based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as catalysts always suffer from weak stability and low recyclability due to the accumulation of organic oxidative products in the DES phase. Herein, a completely inorganic deep eutectic solvent (IDES) ZnCl₂/PA with zinc chloride (ZnCl₂) and phosphoric acid (PA) as precursors is constructed to realize liquid–liquid interface catalysis for desulfurization of fuel and product self-separation for the first time. Owing to the inorganic nature, the organic oxidative products are accumulated at the interface between the IDES and fuel rather than the IDES phase. With this unique feature, the IDES can be reused for at least 15 times without any further treatment in oxidative desulfurization process, showing a state-of-the-art cycle-regeneration stability. Moreover, compared with the reported organic DESs, the IDES also reveals more attractive catalytic oxidative desulfurization performance. Experimental and theoretical studies indicate that the strong coordination Zn···O═P and the strong adsorption energy between IDES and sulfides enhance the activation of H₂O₂ to reactive oxygen species, leading to the superior catalytic performance in oxidative desulfurization of fuel.

中文翻译：

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用于高效且可回收的液-液界面催化的完全无机低共熔溶剂

有机酸基低共熔溶剂（DES）作为催化剂，由于DES相中有机氧化产物的积累，稳定性较差，可回收性较低。在此，构建了一种以氯化锌（ZnCl ₂ ）和磷酸（PA）为前驱体的全无机低共熔溶剂（IDES）ZnCl ₂ /PA ，以实现燃料脱硫的液-液界面催化和产物自分离，以实现燃料脱硫和产物自分离。第一次。由于其无机性质，有机氧化产物积聚在IDES和燃料之间的界面处，而不是IDES相处。凭借这一独特的功能，IDES可以重复使用至少15次，无需在氧化脱硫过程中进行任何进一步处理，表现出最先进的循环再生稳定性。此外，与报道的有机DES相比，IDES还表现出更有吸引力的催化氧化脱硫性能。实验和理论研究表明，Zn·O=P的强配位以及IDES与硫化物之间的强吸附能增强了H ₂ O ₂向活性氧的活化，从而在燃料氧化脱硫中表现出优异的催化性能。