Organic self‐assembled molecules (OSAMs) based hole transporting materials play a pivotal role in achieving highly efficient and stable inverted perovskite solar cells (IPSCs). However, the reported carbazol‐based OSAMs have serious drawbacks, such as poor solubility in alcohol solution, worse matched energy arrangement with perovskite, and limited molecular species, which greatly limit the device performance. To address above problems, a novel OSAM 4‐(3,6‐glycol monomethyl ether‐9H‐carbazol‐9‐yl) butyl]phosphonic acid (GM‐4PACz) was synthesized as hole‐transporting material by introducing glycol monomethyl ether (GM) side chains at carbazolyl unit. GM groups enhance the surface energy of Indium Tin Oxide (ITO)/SAM substrate to facilitate the nucleation and growth of up perovskite film, suppress cation defects, release the residual stress at SAM/perovskite interface, and evaluate energy level for matching with perovskite. Consequently, the GM‐4PACz based IPSC achieves a champion PCE of 25.52%, a respectable open‐circuit voltage (VOC) of 1.21 V, a high stability, possessing 93.29% and 91.75% of their initial efficiency after aging in air for 2000 h or tracking at maximum power point for 1000 h, respectively.

中文翻译：

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乙二醇单甲醚取代咔唑基空穴传输材料用于稳定倒置钙钛矿太阳能电池，效率达 25.52%

基于有机自组装分子（OSAM）的空穴传输材料在实现高效稳定的倒置钙钛矿太阳能电池（IPSC）方面发挥着关键作用。然而，报道的基于咔唑的OSAM存在严重的缺点，例如在醇溶液中溶解度差、与钙钛矿的能量排列匹配较差、分子种类有限等，极大地限制了器件的性能。为了解决上述问题，通过引入乙二醇单甲醚（GM），合成了一种新型OSAM 4-（3,6-乙二醇单甲醚-9H-咔唑-9-基）丁基]膦酸（GM-4PACz）作为空穴传输材料。 ) 咔唑基单元的侧链。 GM组提高氧化铟锡（ITO）/SAM基底的表面能，促进钙钛矿薄膜的成核和生长，抑制阳离子缺陷，释放SAM/钙钛矿界面的残余应力，并评估与钙钛矿匹配的能级。因此，基于 GM-4PACz 的 IPSC 实现了 25.52% 的冠军 PCE、1.21 V 的开路电压（VOC），稳定性高，在空气中老化 2000 小时后，其初始效率为 93.29% 和 91.75%。或分别在最大功率点跟踪 1000 小时。