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Encoding of Visual Objects in the Human Medial Temporal Lobe J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Yue Wang, Runnan Cao, Shuo Wang
The human medial temporal lobe (MTL) plays a crucial role in recognizing visual objects, a key cognitive function that relies on the formation of semantic representations. Nonetheless, it remains unknown how visual information of general objects is translated into semantic representations in the MTL. Furthermore, the debate about whether the human MTL is involved in perception has endured for a long
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Neuronal Ensembles in the Amygdala Allow Social Information to Motivate Later Decisions J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Henry W. Kietzman, Gracy Trinoskey-Rice, Esther H. Seo, Jidong Guo, Shannon L. Gourley
Social experiences carry tremendous weight in our decision-making, even when social partners are not present. To determine mechanisms, we trained female mice to respond for two food reinforcers. Then, one food was paired with a novel conspecific. Mice later favored the conspecific-associated food, even in the absence of the conspecific. Chemogenetically silencing projections from the prelimbic subregion
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Monosynaptic Rabies Tracing Reveals Sex- and Age-Dependent Dorsal Subiculum Connectivity Alterations in an Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Qiao Ye, Gocylen Gast, Erik George Wilfley, Hanh Huynh, Chelsea Hays, Todd C. Holmes, Xiangmin Xu
The subiculum (SUB), a hippocampal formation structure, is among the earliest brain regions impacted in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Toward a better understanding of AD circuit-based mechanisms, we mapped synaptic circuit inputs to dorsal SUB using monosynaptic rabies tracing in the 5xFAD mouse model by quantitatively comparing the circuit connectivity of SUB excitatory neurons in age-matched controls
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Human Motor Neurons Elicit Pathological Hallmarks of ALS and Reveal Potential Biomarkers of the Disease in Response to Prolonged IFN{gamma} Exposure J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Changho Chun, Jung Hyun Lee, Mark Bothwell, Paul Nghiem, Alec S. T. Smith, David L. Mack
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder marked by progressive motor neuron degeneration and muscle denervation. A recent transcriptomic study integrating a wide range of human ALS samples revealed that the upregulation of p53, a downstream target of inflammatory stress, is commonly detected in familial and sporadic ALS cases by a mechanism linked to a transactive
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Defining Overlooked Structures Reveals New Associations between the Cortex and Cognition in Aging and Alzheimer's Disease J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Samira A. Maboudian, Ethan H. Willbrand, Joseph P. Kelly, William J. Jagust, Kevin S. Weiner, for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Recent work suggests that indentations of the cerebral cortex, or sulci, may be uniquely vulnerable to atrophy in aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD) and that the posteromedial cortex (PMC) is particularly vulnerable to atrophy and pathology accumulation. However, these studies did not consider small, shallow, and variable tertiary sulci that are located in association cortices and are often associated
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Recurrent Neural Circuits Overcome Partial Inactivation by Compensation and Re-learning J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Colin Bredenberg, Cristina Savin, Roozbeh Kiani
Technical advances in artificial manipulation of neural activity have precipitated a surge in studying the causal contribution of brain circuits to cognition and behavior. However, complexities of neural circuits challenge interpretation of experimental results, necessitating new theoretical frameworks for reasoning about causal effects. Here, we take a step in this direction, through the lens of recurrent
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Single-Cell Analysis of Rohon-Beard Neurons Implicates Fgf Signaling in Axon Maintenance and Cell Survival J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Adam M. Tuttle, Lauren N. Miller, Lindsey J. Royer, Hua Wen, Jimmy J. Kelly, Nicholas L. Calistri, Laura M. Heiser, Alex V. Nechiporuk
Peripheral sensory neurons are a critical part of the nervous system that transmit a multitude of sensory stimuli to the central nervous system. During larval and juvenile stages in zebrafish, this function is mediated by Rohon–Beard somatosensory neurons (RBs). RBs are optically accessible and amenable to experimental manipulation, making them a powerful system for mechanistic investigation of sensory
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Linear and Nonlinear Behaviors of the Photoreceptor Coupled Network J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Ji-Jie Pang, Xiaolong Jiang, Samuel M. Wu
Photoreceptors are electrically coupled to one another, and the spatiotemporal properties of electrical synapses in a two-dimensional retinal network are still not well studied, because of the limitation of the single electrode or pair recording techniques which do not allow simultaneously measuring responses of multiple photoreceptors at various locations in the retina. A multiple electrode recording
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Assessing Spontaneous Categorical Processing of Visual Shapes via Frequency-Tagging EEG J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Jaana Van Overwalle, Stephanie Van der Donck, Sander Van de Cruys, Bart Boets, Johan Wagemans
Categorization is an essential cognitive and perceptual process, which happens spontaneously. However, earlier research often neglected the spontaneous nature of this process by mainly adopting explicit tasks in behavioral or neuroimaging paradigms. Here, we use frequency-tagging (FT) during electroencephalography (EEG) in 22 healthy human participants (both male and female) as a direct approach to
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Converging Effects of Chronic Pain and Binge Alcohol Consumption on Anterior Insular Cortex Neurons Projecting to the Dorsolateral Striatum in Male Mice J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Yuexi Yin, David L. Haggerty, Shudi Zhou, Brady K. Atwood, Patrick L. Sheets
Chronic pain and alcohol use disorder (AUD) are highly comorbid, and patients with chronic pain are more likely to meet the criteria for AUD. Evidence suggests that both conditions alter similar brain pathways, yet this relationship remains poorly understood. Prior work shows that the anterior insular cortex (AIC) is involved in both chronic pain and AUD. However, circuit-specific changes elicited
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Age-Related Deficits in Binaural Hearing: Contribution of Peripheral and Central Effects J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Sandra Tolnai, Mariella Weiß, Rainer Beutelmann, Jens P. Bankstahl, Sonny Bovee, Tobias L. Ross, Georg Berding, Georg M. Klump
Pure-tone audiograms often poorly predict elderly humans’ ability to communicate in everyday complex acoustic scenes. Binaural processing is crucial for discriminating sound sources in such complex acoustic scenes. The compromised perception of communication signals presented above hearing threshold has been linked to both peripheral and central age-related changes in the auditory system. Investigating
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Upregulated GIRK2 Counteracts Ethanol-Induced Changes in Excitability and Respiration in Human Neurons J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Iya Prytkova, Yiyuan Liu, Michael Fernando, Isabel Gameiro-Ros, Dina Popova, Chella Kamarajan, Xiaoling Xuei, David B. Chorlian, Howard J. Edenberg, Jay A. Tischfield, Bernice Porjesz, Zhiping P. Pang, Ronald P. Hart, Alison Goate, Paul A. Slesinger
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of electroencephalographic endophenotypes for alcohol use disorder (AUD) has identified noncoding polymorphisms within the KCNJ6 gene. KCNJ6 encodes GIRK2, a subunit of a G-protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium channel that regulates neuronal excitability. We studied the effect of upregulating KCNJ6 using an isogenic approach with human glutamatergic neurons
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Intracerebral Dynamics of Sleep Arousals: A Combined Scalp-Intracranial EEG Study J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Yingqi Laetitia Wang, Tamir Avigdor, Sana Hannan, Chifaou Abdallah, François Dubeau, Laure Peter-Derex, Birgit Frauscher
As an intrinsic component of sleep architecture, sleep arousals represent an intermediate state between sleep and wakefulness and are important for sleep–wake regulation. They are defined in an all-or-none manner, whereas they actually present a wide range of scalp-electroencephalography (EEG) activity patterns. It is poorly understood how these arousals differ in their mechanisms. Stereo-EEG (SEEG)
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Mnemonic But Not Contextual Feedback Signals Defy Dedifferentiation in the Aging Early Visual Cortex J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Isabelle Ehrlich, Javier Ortiz-Tudela, Yi You Tan, Lars Muckli, Yee Lee Shing
Perception is an intricate interplay between feedforward visual input and internally generated feedback signals that comprise concurrent contextual and time-distant mnemonic (episodic and semantic) information. Yet, an unresolved question is how the composition of feedback signals changes across the lifespan and to what extent feedback signals undergo age-related dedifferentiation, that is, a decline
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Insula->Amygdala and Insula->Thalamus Pathways Are Involved in Comorbid Chronic Pain and Depression-Like Behavior in Mice J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Jing Chen, Yuan Gao, Shu-Ting Bao, Ying-Di Wang, Tao Jia, Cui Yin, Cheng Xiao, Chunyi Zhou
The comorbidity of chronic pain and depression poses tremendous challenges for the treatment of either one because they exacerbate each other with unknown mechanisms. As the posterior insular cortex (PIC) integrates multiple somatosensory and emotional information and is implicated in either chronic pain or depression, we hypothesize that the PIC and its projections may contribute to the pathophysiology
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Focal Brain Lesions Causing Acquired Amusia Map to a Common Brain Network J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Aleksi J. Sihvonen, Michael A. Ferguson, Vicky Chen, Seppo Soinila, Teppo Särkämö, Juho Joutsa
Music is a universal human attribute. The study of amusia, a neurologic music processing deficit, has increasingly elaborated our view on the neural organization of the musical brain. However, lesions causing amusia occur in multiple brain locations and often also cause aphasia, leaving the distinct neural networks for amusia unclear. Here, we utilized lesion network mapping to identify these networks
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RANBP17 Overexpression Restores Nucleocytoplasmic Transport and Ameliorates Neurodevelopment in Induced DYT1 Dystonia Motor Neurons J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Masuma Akter, Haochen Cui, Md Abir Hosain, Jinmei Liu, Yuntian Duan, Baojin Ding
DYT1 dystonia is a debilitating neurological movement disorder, and it represents the most frequent and severe form of hereditary primary dystonia. There is currently no cure for this disease due to its unclear pathogenesis. In our previous study utilizing patient-specific motor neurons (MNs), we identified distinct cellular deficits associated with the disease, including a deformed nucleus, disrupted
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Adenosinergic Modulation of Layer 6 Microcircuitry in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex Is Specific to Presynaptic Cell Type J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Chao Ding, Danqing Yang, Dirk Feldmeyer
Adenosinergic modulation in the PFC is recognized for its involvement in various behavioral aspects including sleep homoeostasis, decision-making, spatial working memory and anxiety. While the principal cells of layer 6 (L6) exhibit a significant morphological diversity, the detailed cell-specific regulatory mechanisms of adenosine in L6 remain unexplored. Here, we quantitatively analyzed the morphological
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SMARCA4 Loss and Mutated {beta}-Catenin Induce Proliferative Lesions in the Murine Embryonic Cerebellum J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Carolin Göbel, Melanie Schoof, Dörthe Holdhof, Michael Spohn, Ulrich Schüller
Almost all medulloblastomas (MB) of the Wingless/Int-1 (WNT) type are characterized by hotspot mutations in CTNNB1, and mouse models have convincingly demonstrated the tumor-initiating role of these mutations. Additional alterations in SMARCA4 are detected in ~20% of WNT MB, but their functional role is mostly unknown. We, therefore, amended previously described brain lipid binding protein (Blbp)-
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Slowing of Movements in Healthy Aging as a Rational Economic Response to an Elevated Effort Landscape J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Erik M. Summerside, Robert J. Courter, Reza Shadmehr, Alaa A. Ahmed
Why do we move slower as we grow older? The reward circuits of the brain, which tend to invigorate movements, decline with aging, raising the possibility that reduced vigor is due to the diminishing value that our brain assigns to movements. However, as we grow older, it also becomes more effortful to make movements. Is age-related slowing principally a consequence of increased effort costs from the
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Distinct Cortical Correlates of Perception and Motor Function in Balance Control J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Jasmine L. Mirdamadi, Lena H. Ting, Michael R. Borich
Fluctuations in brain activity alter how we perceive our body and generate movements but have not been investigated in functional whole-body behaviors. During reactive balance, we recently showed that evoked brain activity is associated with the balance ability in young individuals. Furthermore, in PD, impaired whole-body motion perception in reactive balance is associated with impaired balance. Here
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T-Type Ca2+ Channels Mediate a Critical Period of Plasticity in Adult-Born Granule Cells J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 William M. Kennedy, Jose Carlos Gonzalez, Haeun Lee, Jacques I. Wadiche, Linda Overstreet-Wadiche
Adult-born granule cells (abGCs) exhibit a transient period of elevated synaptic plasticity that plays an important role in hippocampal function. Various mechanisms have been implicated in this critical period for enhanced plasticity, including minimal GABAergic inhibition and high intrinsic excitability conferred by T-type Ca2+ channels. Here we assess the contribution of synaptic inhibition and intrinsic
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Skin Reinnervation by Collateral Sprouting Following Spared Nerve Injury in Mice J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Sang-Min Jeon, Aishwarya Pradeep, Dennis Chang, Leah McDonough, Yijia Chen, Alban Latremoliere, LaTasha K. Crawford, Michael J. Caterina
Following peripheral nerve injury, denervated tissues can be reinnervated via regeneration of injured neurons or collateral sprouting of neighboring uninjured afferents into denervated territory. While there has been substantial focus on mechanisms underlying regeneration, collateral sprouting has received less attention. Here, we used immunohistochemistry and genetic neuronal labeling to define the
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Internal Representations Are Prioritized by Frontoparietal Theta Connectivity and Suppressed by alpha Oscillation Dynamics: Evidence from Concurrent Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation EEG and Invasive EEG J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Justin Riddle, Trevor McPherson, Atif Sheikh, Haewon Shin, Eldad Hadar, Flavio Frohlich
Control over internal representations requires the prioritization of relevant information and suppression of irrelevant information. The frontoparietal network exhibits prominent neural oscillations during these distinct cognitive processes. Yet, the causal role of this network-scale activity is unclear. Here, we targeted theta-frequency frontoparietal coherence and dynamic alpha oscillations in the
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Threat Expectation Does Not Improve Perceptual Discrimination despite Causing Heightened Priority Processing in the Frontoparietal Network J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Nadia Haddara, Dobromir Rahnev
Threat cues have been widely shown to elicit increased sensory and attentional neural processing. However, whether this enhanced recruitment leads to measurable behavioral improvements in perception is still in question. Here, we adjudicate between two opposing theories: that threat cues do or do not enhance perceptual sensitivity. We created threat stimuli by pairing one direction of motion in a random
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Attention-Driven Modulation of Auditory Cortex Activity during Selective Listening in a Multispeaker Setting J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Sebastian Puschmann, Mor Regev, Kayson Fakhar, Robert J. Zatorre, Christiane M. Thiel
Real-world listening settings often consist of multiple concurrent sound streams. To limit perceptual interference during selective listening, the auditory system segregates and filters the relevant sensory input. Previous work provided evidence that the auditory cortex is critically involved in this process and selectively gates attended input toward subsequent processing stages. We studied at which
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Human Prosocial Preferences Are Related to Slow-Wave Activity in Sleep J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Mirjam Studler, Lorena R. R. Gianotti, Janek Lobmaier, Angelina Maric, Daria Knoch
Prosocial behavior is crucial for the smooth functioning of the society. Yet, individuals differ vastly in the propensity to behave prosocially. Here, we try to explain these individual differences under normal sleep conditions without any experimental modulation of sleep. Using a portable high-density EEG, we measured the sleep data in 54 healthy adults (28 females) during a normal night's sleep at
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DNA G-Quadruplex Is a Transcriptional Control Device That Regulates Memory J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Paul R. Marshall, Joshua Davies, Qiongyi Zhao, Wei-Siang Liau, Yujin Lee, Dean Basic, Ambika Periyakaruppiah, Esmi L. Zajaczkowski, Laura J. Leighton, Sachithrani U. Madugalle, Mason Musgrove, Marcin Kielar, Arie Maeve Brueckner, Hao Gong, Haobin Ren, Alexander Walsh, Lech Kaczmarczyk, Walker S. Jackson, Alon Chen, Robert C. Spitale, Timothy W. Bredy
The conformational state of DNA fine-tunes the transcriptional rate and abundance of RNA. Here, we report that G-quadruplex DNA (G4-DNA) accumulates in neurons, in an experience-dependent manner, and that this is required for the transient silencing and activation of genes that are critically involved in learning and memory in male C57/BL6 mice. In addition, site-specific resolution of G4-DNA by dCas9-mediated
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Astrocytes Are the Source of TNF Mediating Homeostatic Synaptic Plasticity J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Renu Heir, Zahra Abbasi, Pragya Komal, Haider F. Altimimi, Marie Franquin, Dionysia Moschou, Julien Chambon, David Stellwagen
Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF) mediates homeostatic synaptic plasticity (HSP) in response to chronic activity blockade, and prior work has established that it is released from glia. Here we demonstrate that astrocytes are the necessary source of TNF during HSP. Hippocampal cultures from rats of both sexes depleted of microglia still will increase TNF levels following activity deprivation and still express
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Targeting Vasohibins to Promote Axon Regeneration J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-03
Treatments accelerating axon regeneration in the nervous system are still clinically unavailable. However, parthenolide promotes adult sensory neurons’ axon growth in culture by inhibiting microtubule detyrosination. Here, we show that overexpression of vasohibins increases microtubule detyrosination in growth cones and compromises growth in culture and in vivo. Moreover, overexpression of these proteins
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Concurrent Encoding of Sequence Predictability and Event-Evoked Prediction Error in Unfolding Auditory Patterns J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Mingyue Hu, Roberta Bianco, Antonio Rodriguez Hidalgo, Maria Chait
Human listeners possess an innate capacity to discern patterns within rapidly unfolding sensory input. Core questions, guiding ongoing research, focus on the mechanisms through which these representations are acquired and whether the brain prioritizes or suppresses predictable sensory signals. Previous work, using fast auditory sequences (tone-pips presented at a rate of 20 Hz), revealed sustained
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Maintenance of Procedural Motor Memory across Brief Rest Periods Requires the Hippocampus J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Dimitrios Mylonas, Anna C. Schapiro, Mieke Verfaellie, Bryan Baxter, Mark Vangel, Robert Stickgold, Dara S. Manoach
Research on the role of the hippocampus in memory acquisition has generally focused on active learning. But to understand memory, it is at least as important to understand processes that happen offline, during both wake and sleep. In a study of patients with amnesia, we previously demonstrated that although a functional hippocampus is not necessary for the acquisition of procedural motor memory during
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GABAergic/Glycinergic and Glutamatergic Neurons Mediate Distinct Neurodevelopmental Phenotypes of STXBP1 Encephalopathy J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-03
An increasing number of pathogenic variants in presynaptic proteins involved in the synaptic vesicle cycle are being discovered in neurodevelopmental disorders. The clinical features of these synaptic vesicle cycle disorders are diverse, but the most prevalent phenotypes include intellectual disability, epilepsy, movement disorders, cerebral visual impairment, and psychiatric symptoms ( Verhage and
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Conditional Deletion of {beta}-Catenin in the Mediobasal Hypothalamus Impairs Adaptive Energy Expenditure in Response to High-Fat Diet and Exacerbates Diet-Induced Obesity J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-03
β-Catenin is a bifunctional molecule that is an effector of the wingless-related integration site (Wnt) signaling to control gene expression and contributes to the regulation of cytoskeleton and neurotransmitter vesicle trafficking. In its former role, β-catenin binds transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2), which shows strong genetic associations with the pathogenesis of obesity and type-2 diabetes
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Nacc1 Mutation in Mice Models Rare Neurodevelopmental Disorder with Underlying Synaptic Dysfunction J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Mark A. Deehan, Josine M. Kothuis, Ellen Sapp, Kathryn Chase, Yuting Ke, Connor Seeley, Maria Iuliano, Emily Kim, Lori Kennington, Rachael Miller, Adel Boudi, Kai Shing, Xueyi Li, Edith Pfister, Christelle Anaclet, Michael Brodsky, Kimberly Kegel-Gleason, Neil Aronin, Marian DiFiglia
A missense mutation in the transcription repressor Nucleus accumbens-associated 1 (NACC1) gene at c.892C>T (p.Arg298Trp) on chromosome 19 causes severe neurodevelopmental delay ( Schoch et al., 2017). To model this disorder, we engineered the first mouse model with the homologous mutation (Nacc1+/R284W) and examined mice from E17.5 to 8 months. Both genders had delayed weight gain, epileptiform discharges
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Edge-Based General Linear Models Capture Moment-to-Moment Fluctuations in Attention J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Henry M. Jones, Kwangsun Yoo, Marvin M. Chun, Monica D. Rosenberg
Although we must prioritize the processing of task-relevant information to navigate life, our ability to do so fluctuates across time. Previous work has identified fMRI functional connectivity (FC) networks that predict an individual's ability to sustain attention and vary with attentional state from 1 min to the next. However, traditional dynamic FC approaches typically lack the temporal precision
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Long-Horizon Associative Learning Explains Human Sensitivity to Statistical and Network Structures in Auditory Sequences J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Lucas Benjamin, Mathias Sablé-Meyer, Ana Fló, Ghislaine Dehaene-Lambertz, Fosca Al Roumi
Networks are a useful mathematical tool for capturing the complexity of the world. In a previous behavioral study, we showed that human adults were sensitive to the high-level network structure underlying auditory sequences, even when presented with incomplete information. Their performance was best explained by a mathematical model compatible with associative learning principles, based on the integration
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Selective Action Prediction in Infancy Depending on Linguistic Cues: An EEG and Eyetracker Study J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 M. Colomer, K. Zacharaki, N. Sebastian-Galles
Humans’ capacity to predict actions and to socially categorize individuals is at the basis of social cognition. Such capacities emerge in early infancy. By 6 months of age, infants predict others’ reaching actions considering others’ epistemic state. At a similar age, infants are biased to attend to and interact with more familiar individuals, considering adult-like social categories such as the language
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Adaptation of Magnified Analysis of the Proteome for Excitatory Synaptic Proteins in Varied Samples and Evaluation of Cell Type-Specific Distributions J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Mathias Delhaye, Jeffrey LeDue, Kaylie Robinson, Qin Xu, Qian Zhang, Shinichiro Oku, Peng Zhang, Ann Marie Craig
Growing evidence suggests a remarkable diversity and complexity in the molecular composition of synapses, forming the basis for the brain to execute complex behaviors. Hence, there is considerable interest in visualizing the spatial distribution of such molecular diversity at individual synapses within intact brain circuits. Yet this task presents significant technical challenges. Expansion microscopy
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Retinal GABAergic Alterations in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Qiyun Huang, Claire L. Ellis, Shaun M. Leo, Hester Velthuis, Andreia C. Pereira, Mihail Dimitrov, Francesca M. Ponteduro, Nichol M. L. Wong, Eileen Daly, Declan G. M. Murphy, Omar A. Mahroo, Gráinne M. McAlonan
Alterations in -aminobutyric acid (GABA) have been implicated in sensory differences in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Visual signals are initially processed in the retina, and in this study, we explored the hypotheses that the GABA-dependent retinal response to light is altered in individuals with ASD. Light-adapted electroretinograms were recorded from 61 adults (38 males and 23
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HERV-K (HML-2) Envelope Protein Induces Mitochondrial Depolarization and Neurotoxicity via Endolysosome Iron Dyshomostasis J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Peter W. Halcrow, Darius N.K. Quansah, Nirmal Kumar, Joseph P. Steiner, Avindra Nath, Jonathan D. Geiger
Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are associated with the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS); a disease characterized by motor neuron degeneration and cell death. The HERV-K subtype HML-2 envelope protein (HERV-K Env) is expressed in the brain, spinal cord, and cerebrospinal fluid of people living with ALS and through CD98 receptor-linked interactions causes neurodegeneration.
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Modality-Independent Effect of Gravity in Shaping the Internal Representation of 3D Space for Visual and Haptic Object Perception J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Theo Morfoisse, Gabriela Herrera Altamira, Leonardo Angelini, Gilles Clément, Mathieu Beraneck, Joseph McIntyre, Michele Tagliabue
Visual and haptic perceptions of 3D shape are plagued by distortions, which are influenced by nonvisual factors, such as gravitational vestibular signals. Whether gravity acts directly on the visual or haptic systems or at a higher, modality-independent level of information processing remains unknown. To test these hypotheses, we examined visual and haptic 3D shape perception by asking male and female
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Visual Feature Tuning Properties of Short-Latency Stimulus-Driven Ocular Position Drift Responses during Gaze Fixation J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-27
Ocular position drifts during gaze fixation are significantly less well understood than microsaccades. We recently identified a short-latency ocular position drift response, of ~1 min arc amplitude, that is triggered within <100 ms by visual onsets. This systematic eye movement response is feature-tuned and seems to be coordinated with a simultaneous resetting of the saccadic system by visual stimuli
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Oligodendrocyte Maturation Alters the Cell Death Mechanisms That Cause Demyelination J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-27
Myelinating oligodendrocytes die in human disease and early in aging. Despite this, the mechanisms that underly oligodendrocyte death are not resolved and it is also not clear whether these mechanisms change as oligodendrocyte lineage cells are undergoing differentiation and maturation. Here, we used a combination of intravital imaging, single-cell ablation, and cuprizone-mediated demyelination, in
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Neuronal and Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Chronic Pain and Depression Comorbidity in the Paraventricular Thalamus J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Mengqiao Cui, Ran Ji, Lingzhen Song, Xianlei Wang, Xiaoyuan Pan, Yi Han, Xiaojing Zhai, Lin Ai, Wenxin Zhang, An Xie, Zhou Wu, Weiyi Song, Jun-Xia Yang, Ankang Hu, He Liu, Jun-Li Cao, Hongxing Zhang
Patients with chronic pain often develop comorbid depressive symptoms, which makes the pain symptoms more complicated and refractory. However, the underlying mechanisms are poorly known. Here, in a repeated complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) male mouse model, we reported a specific regulatory role of the paraventricular thalamic nucleus (PVT) glutamatergic neurons, particularly the anterior PVT (PVA)
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Cortical {beta} Power Reflects a Neural Implementation of Decision Boundary Collapse in Speeded Decisions J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Hans Kirschner, Adrian G. Fischer, Claudia Danielmeier, Tilmann A. Klein, Markus Ullsperger
A prominent account of decision-making assumes that information is accumulated until a fixed response threshold is crossed. However, many decisions require weighting of information appropriately against time. Collapsing response thresholds are a mathematically optimal solution to this decision problem. However, our understanding of the neurocomputational mechanisms underlying dynamic response thresholds
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Spontaneous Dynamics of Hippocampal Place Fields in a Model of Combinatorial Competition among Stable Inputs J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Francesco Savelli
We present computer simulations illustrating how the plastic integration of spatially stable inputs could contribute to the dynamic character of hippocampal spatial representations. In novel environments of slightly larger size than typical apparatus, the emergence of well-defined place fields in real place cells seems to rely on inputs from normally functioning grid cells. Theoretically, the grid-to-place
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Neurotopographical Transformations: Dissecting Cortical Reconfigurations in Auditory Deprivation J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Uttam Kumar, Kalpana Dhanik, Himanshu R. Pandey, Mrutyunjaya Mishra, Amit Keshri
Within the intricate matrices of cognitive neuroscience, auditory deprivation acts as a catalyst, propelling a cascade of neuroanatomical adjustments that have, until now, been suboptimally articulated in extant literature. Addressing this gap, our study harnesses high-resolution 3 T MRI modalities to unveil the multifaceted cortical transformations that emerge in tandem with congenital auditory deficits
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Resting EEG Periodic and Aperiodic Components Predict Cognitive Decline Over 10 Years J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Anna J. Finley, Douglas J. Angus, Erik L. Knight, Carien M. van Reekum, Margie E. Lachman, Richard J. Davidson, Stacey M. Schaefer
Measures of intrinsic brain function at rest show promise as predictors of cognitive decline in humans, including EEG metrics such as individual α peak frequency (IAPF) and the aperiodic exponent, reflecting the strongest frequency of α oscillations and the relative balance of excitatory/inhibitory neural activity, respectively. Both IAPF and the aperiodic exponent decrease with age and have been associated
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Co-representation of Functional Brain Networks Is Shaped by Cortical Myeloarchitecture and Reveals Individual Behavioral Ability J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Congying Chu, Wen Li, Weiyang Shi, Haiyan Wang, Jiaojian Wang, Yong Liu, Bing Liu, David Elmenhorst, Simon B. Eickhoff, Lingzhong Fan, Tianzi Jiang
Large-scale functional networks are spatially distributed in the human brain. Despite recent progress in differentiating their functional roles, how the brain navigates the spatial coordination among them and the biological relevance of this coordination is still not fully understood. Capitalizing on canonical individualized networks derived from functional MRI data, we proposed a new concept, that
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Dynamic Gain Decomposition Reveals Functional Effects of Dendrites, Ion Channels, and Input Statistics in Population Coding J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Chenfei Zhang, Omer Revah, Fred Wolf, Andreas Neef
Modern, high-density neuronal recordings reveal at ever higher precision how information is represented by neural populations. Still, we lack the tools to understand these processes bottom-up, emerging from the biophysical properties of neurons, synapses, and network structure. The concept of the dynamic gain function, a spectrally resolved approximation of a population’s coding capability, has the
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Cell-Type-Specific Effects of Somatostatin on Synaptic Transmission in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Therese Riedemann, Bernd Sutor
Inhibitory modulation of glutamatergic information processing is a prerequisite for proper network function. Among the many groups of interneurons (INs), somatostatin-expressing interneurons (SOM-INs) play an important role in the maintenance of physiological brain activity. We have previously shown that somatostatin (SOM) causes a reduction in pyramidal cell (PC) excitability. However, the mechanisms
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Functional Inhibition of Katanin Affects Synaptic Plasticity J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Franco L. Lombino, Jürgen R. Schwarz, Yvonne Pechmann, Michaela Schweizer, Rebecca Jark, Oliver Stange, Markus Glatzel, Christine E. Gee, Torben J. Hausrat, Kira V. Gromova, Matthias Kneussel
Dynamic microtubules critically regulate synaptic functions, but the role of microtubule severing in these processes is barely understood. Katanin is a neuronally expressed microtubule-severing complex regulating microtubule number and length in cell division or neurogenesis; however, its potential role in synaptic functions has remained unknown. Studying mice from both sexes, we found that katanin
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Subthalamic Activity for Motor Execution and Cancelation in Monkeys J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-20
The subthalamic nucleus (STN) receives cortical inputs via the hyperdirect and indirect pathways, projects to the output nuclei of the basal ganglia, and plays a critical role in the control of voluntary movements and movement disorders. STN neurons change their activity during execution of movements, while recent studies emphasize STN activity specific to cancelation of movements. To address the relationship
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Cholinergic Control of GnRH Neuron Physiology and Luteinizing Hormone Secretion in Male Mice: Involvement of ACh/GABA Cotransmission J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Csaba Vastagh, Imre Farkas, Veronika Csillag, Masahiko Watanabe, Imre Kalló, Zsolt Liposits
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-synthesizing neurons orchestrate reproduction centrally. Early studies have proposed the contribution of acetylcholine (ACh) to hypothalamic control of reproduction, although the causal mechanisms have not been clarified. Here, we report that in vivo pharmacogenetic activation of the cholinergic system increased the secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) in orchidectomized
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Predictive Brain Activity Shows Congruent Semantic Specificity in Language Comprehension and Production J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Luigi Grisoni, Isabella P. Boux, Friedemann Pulvermüller
Sentence fragments strongly predicting a specific subsequent meaningful word elicit larger preword slow waves, prediction potentials (PPs), than unpredictive contexts. To test the current predictive processing models, 128-channel EEG data were collected from both sexes to examine whether (1) different semantic PPs are elicited in language comprehension and production and (2) whether these PPs originate
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Novel Social Stimulation Ameliorates Memory Deficit in Alzheimer's Disease Model through Activating {alpha}-Secretase J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Qiaoyun Ren, Susu Wang, Junru Li, Kun Cao, Mei Zhuang, Miao Wu, Junhua Geng, Zhengping Jia, Wei Xie, An Liu
As the most common form of dementia in the world, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurological disorder marked by cognitive and behavioral impairment. According to previous researches, abundant social connections shield against dementia. However, it is still unclear how exactly social interactions benefit cognitive abilities in people with AD and how this process is used to increase their
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Cholinergic-Sensitive Theta Oscillations in Memory Encoding in Mice J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-20
Cholinergic regulation of hippocampal theta oscillations has long been proposed to be a potential mechanism underlying hippocampus-dependent memory encoding processes. However, cholinergic transmission has been traditionally associated with type II theta under urethane anesthesia. The mechanisms and behavioral significance of cholinergic regulation of type I theta in freely exploring animals is much
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Use-Dependent, Untapped Dual Kinase Signaling Localized in Brain Learning Circuitry J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-20
Imaging brain learning and memory circuit kinase signaling is a monumental challenge. The separation of phases-based activity reporter of kinase (SPARK) biosensors allow circuit-localized studies of multiple interactive kinases in vivo, including protein kinase A (PKA) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling. In the precisely-mapped Drosophila brain learning/memory circuit, we find
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Predicting Cued and Oddball Visual Search Performance from fMRI, MEG, and DNN Neural Representational Similarity J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Lu-Chun Yeh(葉律君), Sushrut Thorat, Marius V. Peelen
Capacity limitations in visual tasks can be observed when the number of task-related objects increases. An influential idea is that such capacity limitations are determined by competition at the neural level: two objects that are encoded by shared neural populations interfere more in behavior (e.g., visual search) than two objects encoded by separate neural populations. However, the neural representational