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Recent Advances in Drug Delivery Systems Targeting Insulin Signalling for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Punya Sachdeva, Kannan Badri Narayanan, Jitendra Kumar Sinha, Saurabh Gupta, Shampa Ghosh, Krishna Kumar Singh, Rakesh Bhaskar, Abdulmajeed G. Almutary, James H. Zothantluanga, Kranthi Kumar Kotta, Vinod Kumar Nelson, Ana Cláudia Paiva-Santos, Mosleh Mohammad Abomughaid, Mehnaz Kamal, Danish Iqbal, Mohammed Hamoud ALHarbi, Awadh Aedh ALMutairi, Saikat Dewanjee, Mohana Vamsi Nuli, Shanmugam Vippamakula
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the accumulation of neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid-β plaques. Recent research has unveiled the pivotal role of insulin signaling dysfunction in the pathogenesis of AD. Insulin, once thought to be unrelated to brain function, has emerged as a crucial factor in neuronal survival, synaptic plasticity, and cognitive
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Land/Water Aerobic Activities: Two Sides of the Same Coin. A Comparative Analysis on the Effects in Cognition of Alzheimer’s Disease J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Francesca Gelfo, Laura Petrosini, Laura Mandolesi, Eugenia Landolfo, Giulia Caruso, Francesca Balsamo, Sabrina Bonarota, Marco Bozzali, Carlo Caltagirone, Laura Serra
Evidence in the literature indicates that aerobic physical activity may have a protective role in aging pathologies. However, it has not been clarified whether different types of aerobic exercise produce different effects. In particular, these potential differences have not been explored in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The present narrative review has the specific aim of evaluating whether
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Addressing the Discrepancies Between Animal Models and Human Alzheimer’s Disease Pathology: Implications for Translational Research J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Baruh Polis, Abraham O. Samson
Animal models, particularly transgenic mice, are extensively used in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) research to emulate key disease hallmarks, such as amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles formation. Although these models have contributed to our understanding of AD pathogenesis and can be helpful in testing potential therapeutic interventions, their reliability is dubious. While preclinical studies
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Effects of Exercise Training on Immune-Related Genes and Pathways in the Cortex of Animal Models of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Michael Anekson Widjaya, Shin-Da Lee, Wei-Chung Cheng, Bor-Tsang Wu
Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that affects the immune system due to the accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau associated molecular pathology and other pathogenic processes. To address AD pathogenesis, various approaches had been conducted from drug development to lifestyle modification to reduce the prevalence of AD. Exercise is considered a prominent
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Aniracetam: An Evidence-Based Model for Preventing the Accumulation of Amyloid-β Plaques in Alzheimer’s Disease J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Robert W.B. Love
Abstract Alzheimer’s disease is the leading cause of dementia in the world. It affects 6 million people in the United States and 50 million people worldwide. Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-β plaques (Aβ), an increase in tau protein neurofibrillary tangles, and a loss of synapses. Since the 1990s, removing and reducing Aβ has been the focus of Alzheimer’s treatment
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Towards a Unitary Hypothesis of Alzheimer’s Disease Pathogenesis J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Estela Area-Gomez, Eric A. Schon
Abstract The “amyloid cascade” hypothesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis invokes the accumulation in the brain of plaques (containing the amyloid-β protein precursor [AβPP] cleavage product amyloid-β [Aβ]) and tangles (containing hyperphosphorylated tau) as drivers of pathogenesis. However, the poor track record of clinical trials based on this hypothesis suggests that the accumulation of
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2024 United States Elections: Air Pollution, Neurodegeneration, Neuropsychiatric, and Neurodevelopmental Disorders. Who Cares? J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Lilian Calderón-Garcidueñas, Alberto Ayala, Partha S. Mukherjee
Abstract Air pollution exposures ought to be of significant interest for the United States (US) public as health issues will play a role in the 2024 elections. Citizens are not aware of the harmful brain impact of exposures to ubiquitous anthropogenic combustion emissions and friction-derived nanoparticles, industrial nanoplastics, the growing risk of wildfires, and the smoke plumes of soot. Ample
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Could the Historical Transition from Segmented to Monophasic Sleep Explain the Modern Insurgence of Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias? J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Nicola Luigi Bragazzi, Ayoub Boulares, Sergio Garbarino
In their article, Finch and Burstein explore the hypothesis that Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) may predominantly be phenomena of the modern era. Through a review of classical Greek and Latin literature, they found minimal reference to conditions akin to ADRD, suggesting a historical rarity of severe cognitive decline. Instead, ancient texts focused on physical aspects of aging, with
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Correlation Between Prefrontal Functional Connectivity and the Degree of Cognitive Impairment in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Mengxue Zhang, Yanjie Qu, Qian Li, Chao Gu, Limin Zhang, Hongxu Chen, Minrui Ding, Tong Zhang, Rongrong Zhen, Hongmei An
Background:The development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) can be divided into subjective cognitive decline (SCD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Early recognition of pre-AD stages may slow the progression of dementia. Objective:This study aimed to explore functional connectivity (FC) changes of the brain prefrontal cortex (PFC) in AD continuum using functional near-infrared spectroscopy
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Shared and Specific Changes of Cortico-Striatal Functional Connectivity in Stable Mild Cognitive Impairment and Progressive Mild Cognitive Impairment J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Yiming Ruan, Darui Zheng, Wenxuan Guo, Xuan Cao, Wenzhang Qi, Qianqian Yuan, Xulian Zhang, Xuhong Liang, Da Zhang, Chen Xue, Chaoyong Xiao
Background:Mild cognitive impairment (MCI), the prodromal stage of Alzheimer’s disease, has two distinct subtypes: stable MCI (sMCI) and progressive MCI (pMCI). Early identification of the two subtypes has important clinical significance. Objective:We aimed to compare the cortico-striatal functional connectivity (FC) differences between the two subtypes of MCI and enhance the accuracy of differential
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The Neuro-Inflammatory Microenvironment: An Important Regulator of Stem Cell Survival in Alzheimer’s Disease J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Zhiwei Shen, Xinyi Yang, Yulong Lan, Gao Chen
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease, characterized by progressive memory loss and cognitive impairment due to excessive accumulation of extracellular amyloid-β plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles. Although decades of research efforts have been put into developing disease-modifying therapies for AD, no “curative” drug has been identified. As a central
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Alzheimer’s Disease Immunotherapy: Current Strategies and Future Prospects J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Ali Aljassabi, Tarek Zieneldien, Janice Kim, Deepika Regmi, Chuanhai Cao
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an extremely complex and heterogeneous pathology influenced by many factors contributing to its onset and progression, including aging, amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques, tau fibril accumulation, inflammation, etc. Despite promising advances in drug development, there is no curefor AD. Although there have been substantial advancements in understanding the pathogenesis of AD, there
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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder as a Potential Risk Factor for Dementia and Other Neurocognitive Disorders: A Systematic Review J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Rachel H. Carr, Gina D. Eom, Eric E. Brown
Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a common neurodevelopmental condition now recognized to persist into older adulthood, has been postulated to be a risk factor for neurocognitive disorders given the overlap in clinical features and neurobiology, as well as the complex interplay between ADHD and known risk factors for dementia. Studies have emerged assessing this relationship
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Neural Computation-Based Methods for the Early Diagnosis and Prognosis of Alzheimer’s Disease Not Using Neuroimaging Biomarkers: A Systematic Review J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Ylermi Cabrera-León, Patricio García Báez, Pablo Fernández-López, Carmen Paz Suárez-Araujo
Abstract Background: The growing number of older adults in recent decades has led to more prevalent geriatric diseases, such as strokes and dementia. Therefore, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), as the most common type of dementia, has become more frequent too. Background: Objective: The goals of this work are to present state-of-the-art studies focused on the automatic diagnosis and prognosis of AD and its
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Comparative Efficacy, Tolerability, and Acceptability of Donanemab, Lecanemab, Aducanumab, Melatonin, and Aerobic Exercise for a Short Time on Cognitive Function in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Mild Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Itsuki Terao, Wakako Kodama
Background: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved lecanemab and aducanumab and is reviewing donanemab, but they have questionable efficacy, serious side effects and are costly, whereas melatonin administration and aerobic exercise for a short time may overcome these problems. Objective: We aim to compare the efficacy on cognitive function, tolerability and acceptability of melatonin administration
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Polyamine Dysregulation and Nucleolar Disruption in Alzheimer’s Disease J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Wesley Harrell Brooks
Abstract A hypothesis of Alzheimer’s disease etiology is proposed describing how cellular stress induces excessive polyamine synthesis and recycling which can disrupt nucleoli. Polyamines are essential in nucleolar functions, such as RNA folding and ribonucleoprotein assembly. Changes in the nucleolar pool of anionic RNA and cationic polyamines acting as counterions can cause significant nucleolar
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“Landscape of Phase 2 Trials in Alzheimer’s Disease”: Perspective on Adaptive Trials J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Jeffrey Cummings
Abstract Better means of conducting more efficient clinical trials for the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) therapeutics are required. Adaptive clinical trial designs have many advantages based on the ability to make prespecified changes in the trial conduct depending on the ongoing experience in the trial. In their report in the Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, Lee and colleagues show that in
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White Matter Microstructure Analysis in Subjective Memory Complaints and Cognitive Impairment: Insights from Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging and Free-Water DTI J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Maurizio Bergamino, Elizabeth Keeling, Molly McElvogue, Sydney Y. Schaefer, Anna Burke, George Prigatano, Ashley M. Stokes
Background: Dementia is characterized by a cognitive decline in memory and other domains that lead to functional impairments. As people age, subjective memory complaints (SMC) become common, where individuals perceive cognitive decline without objective deficits on assessments. SMC can be an earlysign and may precede amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI), which frequently advances to Alzheimer’s
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Genetic Insights into the Association and Causality Between Blood Metabolites and Alzheimer’s Disease J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Modi Zhai, Yu Zhang, Dongxue Yan, Yuzhen Wang, Wenzhong Li, Jie Sun
Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an increasing public health concern with the aging of the global population. Understanding the genetic correlation and potential causal relationships between blood metabolites and AD may provide important insights into the metabolic dysregulation underlying this neurodegenerative disorder. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the causal relationship
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Association Between Small Vessel Disease and Financial Capacity: A Study Based on Cognitively Normal Older Adults J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Xiao Luo, Hui Hong, Kaicheng Li, Qingze Zeng, Xiaocao Liu, Luwei Hong, Jixuan Li, Xinyi Zhang, Siyan Zhong, Xiaopei Xu, Yanxing Chen, Minming Zhang, Peiyu Huang
Background: Financial capacity is vital for the elderly, who possess a substantial share of global wealth but are vulnerable to financial fraud. Objective: We explored the link between small vessel disease (SVD) and financial capacity in cognitively unimpaired (CU) older adults via both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. Methods: 414 CU participants underwent MRI and completed the Financial
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Vaccines and Dementia: Part I. Non-Specific Immune Boosting with BCG: History, Ligands, and Receptors J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Charles L. Greenblatt, Richard Lathe
Abstract Vaccines such as Bacille Calmette–Guérin (BCG) can apparently defer dementia onset with an efficacy better than all drugs known to date, as initially reported by Gofrit et al. (PLoS One 14, e0224433), now confirmed by other studies. Understanding how and why is of immense importance because it could represent a sea-change in how we manage patients with mild cognitive impairment through to
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Vaccines and Dementia: Part II. Efficacy of BCG and Other Vaccines Against Dementia J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Charles L. Greenblatt, Richard Lathe
There is growing awareness that infections may contribute to the development of senile dementia including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and that immunopotentiation is therefore a legitimate target in the management of diseases of the elderly including AD. In Part I of this work, we provided a historical and molecular background to how vaccines, adjuvants, and their component molecules can elicit broad-spectrum
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Association of Vitamin D Levels with Risk of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Xiao-Xue Zhang, He-Ran Wang, Meng-Wei, Ya-Zhuo Hu, Hong-Mei Sun, Yu-Xin Feng, Jian-Jun Jia
Background:Emerging evidence suggests the potential relationship between vitamin D deficiency and risk of cognitive impairment or dementia. To what extent the excess risk of dementia conferred by vitamin D deficiency is less clear. Objective:We summarized the current evidence from several aspects and further quantified these associations. Methods:We collected relevant prospective cohort studies by
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Harnessing Passive Pulsatile Shear Stress for Alzheimer’s Disease Prevention and Intervention J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Jose A. Adams, Arkady Uryash, Jose R. Lopez
Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) affects more than 40 million people worldwide and is the leading cause of dementia. This disease is a challenge for both patients and caregivers and puts a significant strain on the global healthcare system. To address this issue, the Lancet Commission recommends focusing on reducing modifiable lifestyle risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, and physical inactivity
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Mapping Cognitive Trajectories and Detecting Early Dementia Using the Mini-Mental State Examination Cognitive Charts: Application to the French Three-City Cohort J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Joanna Norton, Laure-Anne Gutierrez, Christian Gourdeau, Hélène Amieva, Patrick Bernier, Claudine Berr
The Cognitive Quotient (QuoCo) classification algorithm monitoring decline on age- and education-adjusted Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)-derived cognitive charts has proved superior to the conventionally-used cut-off for identifying incident dementia; however, it remains to be tested in different settings. Data were drawn from the Three-City Cohort to 1) assess the screening accuracy of the QuoCo
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A Need for Refined Senescence Biomarkers and Measures of Senolytics in the Brain J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Miranda E. Orr
Cellular senescence contributes to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis. Treatments that remove senescent cells, senolytics, improve brain outcomes in AD mice with amyloid-β or tau deposition. 3xTgAD mice develop both AD neuropathologies; however, Ng et al. report low p16INK4a-associated senescence in the brain. Senolytic treatment by genetic removal; dasatinib with quercetin (D+Q), which enter the
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Digging Deeper: What Can We Really Learn about Dementia from History? J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Jesse Ballenger, Daniel R. George, Peter J. Whitehouse
In response to Finch and Burstein’s provocative argument that the advanced dementias may result from environmental toxins and lifestyle factors associated with post-industrial societies, we call for a more rigorous historical approach, emphasizing the importance of situating ancient texts more fully in their historical and cultural context. Such an approach would also entail consideration of the declining
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Hypertension and Mild Cognitive Impairment: Understanding the Complexities of the Relationship in Understudied Populations J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Rónán O’Caoimh
The association between hypertension and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is complex. Both are increasing in prevalence worldwide and will have disproportionate effects on lower income countries across Latin America. Despite this, there is insufficient evidence investigating this relationship in this region or those of Hispanic or Latino ancestry in higher income countries. In this context, the Study
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Narcissistic Personality Disorder as Prodromal Feature of Early-Onset, GRN-Positive bvFTD: A Case Report J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Marco Michelutti, Daniele Urso, Valentina Gnoni, Alessia Giugno, Chiara Zecca, Davide Vilella, Maria Accadia, Roberta Barone, Maria Teresa Dell’Abate, Roberto De Blasi, Paolo Manganotti, Giancarlo Logroscino
Background:Behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) typically involves subtle changes in personality that can delay a timely diagnosis. Objective:Here, we report the case of a patient diagnosed of GRN-positive bvFTD at the age of 52 presenting with a 7-year history of narcissistic personality disorder, accordingly to DSM-5 criteria. Methods:The patient was referred to neurological and neuropsychological
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Social Activity and Cognitive Decline in Older Residents of Long-Term Care Facilities: A Cohort Study J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Milou J. Angevaare, Jack A. Pieters, Jos W.R. Twisk, Hein P.J. van Hout
Background:Cognitive decline is a major reason for dependence and resource use in long-term care. Objective:We explored whether social activities may prevent cognitive decline of older residents of long-term care facilities. Methods:In a routine care cohort, 3,603 residents of long-term care facilities were assessed on average 4.4 times using the interRAI-Long-Term-Care-Facilities instrument which
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Lucidity in the Deeply Forgetful: A Scoping Review J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 John Paul Ross, Stephen G. Post, Laurel Scheinfeld
Abstract Background: Even in severe states of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD), accounts of an unexpected or paradoxical return of awareness and lucidity have been reported in some patients, documented formally, and studied. Objective: A scoping review was undertaken to survey the literature on the topic. Methods: Five databases were searched using pertinent search terms. Results were
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The Associations of Phosphorylated Tau 181 and Tau 231 Levels in Plasma and Cerebrospinal Fluid with Cognitive Function in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Zhirui Li, Zixuan Fan, Qian Zhang
Background:Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or blood biomarkers like phosphorylated tau proteins (p-tau) are used to detect Alzheimer’s disease (AD) early. Increasing studies on cognitive function and blood or CSF p-tau levels are controversial. Objective:Our study examined the potential of p-tau as a biomarker of cognitive status in normal control (NC), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and AD patients. Methods:We
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Music Therapy as a Complementary Treatment in Patients with Dementia Associated to Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Eleonora Rossi, Francesco Marrosu, Luca Saba
Background:Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complex condition that affects various aspects of a patient’s life. Music therapy may be considered a beneficial supplementary tool to traditional therapies, that not fully address the range of AD manifestations. Objective:The purpose of this systematic review is to investigate whether music therapy can have a positive impact on AD patients and on which symptoms
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Neurophysiological Alterations of the Visual Pathway in Posterior Cortical Atrophy: Systematic Review and a Case Series J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Matteo Cotta Ramusino, Lucia Scanu, Linda Gritti, Camillo Imbimbo, Lisa Maria Farina, Giuseppe Cosentino, Giulia Perini, Alfredo Costa
Background:The clinical features of posterior cortical atrophy (PCA), a rare condition often caused by Alzheimer’s disease, have been recently defined, while little is known about its neurophysiological correlates. Objective:To describe neurophysiological alterations of the visual pathway as assessed using visual field test (VF), visual evoked potentials (VEP), and electroretinogram (ERG) in PCA patients
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Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Alzheimer’s Disease Pathology: Is Sleep Architecture the Missing Key? J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Joshua L. Gills, Omonigho M. Bubu
Impairments of the sleep architecture due to disrupted sleep in individuals with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may result in reduced slow wave sleep (SWS), intermittent hypoxemia, and excessive day time sleepiness— all factors that have been shown to impact Alzheimer’s disease (AD) risk. In this commentary, we comment on the work by Cavuoto and colleagues in which they examine the associations between
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Neuropsychiatric and Cognitive Symptoms: Two Sides of the Same Coin? J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Nikias Siafarikas
Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are increasingly being recognized as clinical markers for incipient dementia in Alzheimer’s disease (AD dementia). NPS may reinforce cognitive impairment or decline and vice versa. Although NPS are frequent already in mild cognitive impairment, their mechanisms are poorly understood. It is unclear if they share biological mechanisms with cognitive symptoms and how they
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Machine Learning Predicts Conversion from Normal Aging to Mild Cognitive Impairment Using Medical History, APOE Genotype, and Neuropsychological Assessment J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Divya Prabhakaran, Caroline Grant, Otto Pedraza, Richard Caselli, Arjun P. Athreya, Melanie Chandler
Background:Identifying individuals at risk for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is of urgent clinical need. Objective:This study aimed to determine whether machine learning approaches could harness longitudinal neuropsychology measures, medical data, and APOE ɛ4 genotype to identify individuals at risk of MCI 1 to 2 years prior to diagnosis. Methods:Data from 676 individuals who participated in the
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Inferring Alzheimer’s Disease Pathologic Traits from Clinical Measures in Living Adults J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Jingjing Yang, Xizhu Liu, Shahram Oveisgharan, Andrea R. Zammit, Sukriti Nag, David A. Bennett, Aron S. Buchman
Background:Alzheimer’s disease neuropathologic changes (AD-NC) are important to identify people with high risk for AD dementia (ADD) and subtyping ADD. Objective:Develop imputation models based on clinical measures to infer AD-NC. Methods:We used penalized generalized linear regression to train imputation models for four AD-NC traits (amyloid-β, tangles, global AD pathology, and pathologic AD) in Rush
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Adjunct Methods for Alzheimer’s Disease Detection: A Review of Auditory Evoked Potentials J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Guoliang Wei, Xuelong Tian, Hong Yang, Yinpei Luo, Guisong Liu, Shuqing Sun, Xing Wang, Huizhong Wen
The auditory afferent pathway as a clinical marker of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has sparked interest in investigating the relationship between age-related hearing loss (ARHL) and AD. Given the earlier onset of ARHL compared to cognitive impairment caused by AD, there is a growing emphasis on early diagnosis and intervention to postpone or prevent the progression from ARHL to AD. In this context, auditory
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Interventions for Persons with Young-Onset Dementia and Their Families: A Scoping Review J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Xiaoyan Cui, Junqiao Wang, Bei Wu, Qianhua Zhao, Xueting Tang, Jing Wang
Background: Dementia occurring before age 65 is known as young-onset dementia (YOD), with Alzheimer’s disease being the most common type. YOD poses unique challenges for persons and families, impacting their working-age years and family responsibilities. Person-centered interventions and services are essential to improve their quality of life and social engagement. Objective: This study aims to synthesize
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Communication Regarding the Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion and Cognitive Impairment: A Narrative Literature Review J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Haiqing Chang, Erya Chen, Tao Zhu, Jin Liu, Chan Chen
Abstract Coronary artery disease is a prevalent ischemic disease that results in insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle due to narrowing or occlusion of the coronary arteries. Various reperfusion strategies, including pharmacological thrombolysis and percutaneous coronary intervention, have been developed to enhance blood flow restoration. However, these interventions can lead to myocardial
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High-Fat Diets in Animal Models of Alzheimer’s Disease: How Can Eating Too Much Fat Increase Alzheimer’s Disease Risk? J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-30 Josue Valentin-Escalera, Manon Leclerc, Frédéric Calon
Abstract High dietary intake of saturated fatty acids is a suspected risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). To decipher the causal link behind these associations, high-fat diets (HFD) have been repeatedly investigated in animal models. Preclinical studies allow full control over dietary composition, avoiding ethical concerns in clinical trials. The goal of the
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The Contributions of the Endolysosomal Compartment and Autophagy to APOE ɛ4 Allele-Mediated Increase in Alzheimer’s Disease Risk J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-30 Ernest Amponsah Asiamah, Baofeng Feng, Ruiyun Guo, Xu Yaxing, Xiaofeng Du, Xin Liu, Jinyu Zhang, Huixian Cui, Jun Ma
Apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4), although yet-to-be fully understood, increases the risk and lowers the age of onset of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), which is the major cause of dementia among elderly individuals. The endosome-lysosome and autophagy pathways, which are necessary for homeostasis in both neurons and glia, are dysregulated even in early AD. Nonetheless, the contributory roles of these pathways
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Single Cell Sequencing Technology and Its Application in Alzheimer’s Disease J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-30 Yuru Han, Congying Huang, Yuhui Pan, Xuefeng Gu
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) involves degeneration of cells in the brain. Due to insidious onset and slow progression, AD is often not diagnosed until it gets progressed to a more severe stage. The diagnosis and treatment of AD has been a challenge. In recent years, high-throughput sequencing technologies have exhibited advantages in exploring the pathogenesis of diseases. However, the types of cells of
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O-GlcNAcylation and Its Roles in Neurodegenerative Diseases J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-30 Pengyang Du, Xiaomin Zhang, Xia Lian, Christian Hölscher, Guofang Xue
As a non-classical post-translational modification, O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification (O-GlcNAcylation) is widely found in human organ systems, particularly in our brains, and is indispensable for healthy cell biology. With the increasing age of the global population, the incidence of neurodegenerative diseases is increasing, too. The common characteristic of these disorders is
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The Catastrophe of Intracerebral Hemorrhage Drives the Capillary-Hemorrhage Dementias, Including Alzheimer’s Disease J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-30 Jonathan Stone, John Mitrofanis, Daniel M. Johnstone, Stephen R. Robinson
This review advances an understanding of several dementias, based on four premises. One is that capillary hemorrhage is prominent in the pathogenesis of the dementias considered (dementia pugilistica, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, traumatic brain damage, Alzheimer’s disease). The second premiseis that hemorrhage introduces four neurotoxic factors into brain tissue: hypoxia of the tissue that has
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The Return of Biomarker Results in Research: Balancing Complexity, Precision, and Ethical Responsibility J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-30 Julie M. Robillard, Mario Masellis, Susanna E. Martin, Ara S. Khachaturian, Roger A. Dixon
Abstract Recent research aimed at the discovery, integration, and communication of health outcome measures (or “biomarkers”) in Alzheimer’s disease has raised challenging questions related to whether, how and when results from these investigations should be disclosed to research participants. Reflecting the apparent heterogeneity of many neurodegenerative diseases, biomarker or other risk factor results
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Misfolded α-Synuclein in Autosomal Dominant Alzheimer’s Disease J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-30 Laura Fort-Aznar, Laura Molina-Porcel, Oscar Ramos-Campoy, Diana Esteller, Laura Naranjo, Albert Lladó, Mircea Balasa, Raquel Ruiz-García, Anna Antonell, Raquel Sánchez-Valle
We analyzed Lewy body (LB) pathology in 18 autosomal dominant Alzheimer’s disease (ADAD) brains via immunohistochemistry. Real-time quaking induced conversion was used to detect misfolded α-synuclein (α-syn) in 18 living ADAD cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples. Concomitant LB pathology was present in 44% ADAD brains. Only 6% CSF samples were positive for misfolded α-syn. In an additional AD sample,
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Rethinking Dementia Risk Prediction: A Critical Evaluation of a Multimodal Machine Learning Predictive Model J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-30 Silvia Ottaviani, Fiammetta Monacelli
A recent study by Ding et al. explores the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in predicting dementia risk over a 10-year period using a multimodal approach. While revealing the potential of machine learning models in identifying high-risk individuals through neuropsychological testing, MRIimaging, and clinical risk factors, the imperative of dynamic frailty assessment emerges for accurate
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The Oxytocin Puzzle: Unlocking Alzheimer’s Disease J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-30 Maria Clara Selles, Mauricio Martins Oliveira
Alzheimer’s disease is a multi-factorial disease that disrupts many aspects of human behavior. In this comment, we highlight the work by Koulousakis et al. published in a recent issue of the Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease. In this study, the authors tested the therapeutic potential of the neuropeptide oxytocin in a pre-clinical model of Alzheimer’s disease and found positive behavioral outcomes on
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Technology in Dementia Education: An Ethical Imperative in a Digitized World J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-30 Susanna E. Martin, Mallorie T. Tam, Julie M. Robillard
Abstract Technology can support the delivery of care and improve the lives of people living with dementia. However, despite a substantial body of evidence demonstrating the benefits and opportunities afforded by technology, gaps remain in how technology and technology ethics are addressed in dementia care education. Here we discuss disparities in current educational programming and highlight the ethical
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Use of Complementary and Integrative Medicine for Alzheimer’s Disease and Cognitive Decline J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-16 Sarah A. Nguyen, Hanadi Ajam Oughli, Helen Lavretsky
Integrative medicine takes a holistic approach because it considers multiple aspects of the individual. This includes a person’s physical, emotional, interpersonal, behavioral, nutritional, environmental, and spiritual dimensions of wellbeing that contribute to the Whole Person Health. There is increasing interest and popularity of integrative approaches to treating cognitive decline and dementia because
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Prevalence and Associations of Cognitive Impairment in Adult Patients with Moyamoya Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-16 Keith Z.X. Toh, Ming Yi Koh, Enver D.W. Loh, Ching-Hui Sia, Yaofeng Chong, Leonard L.L. Yeo, Vijay K. Sharma, Mervyn J.R. Lim, Benjamin Y.Q. Tan
Background:Cognitive impairment, and in the long term Alzheimer’s disease, vascular, or mixed dementia, are potential complications of moyamoya disease (MMD), of which the prevalence and associations are not well established. Objective:We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the prevalence of cognitive impairment in adult patients with MMD as well as its clinical and demographic
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The Carnitine Palmitoyl-Transferase 2 Cascade Hypothesis for Alzheimer’s Disease J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-16 Hiskias G. Keizer, Ruud Brands, Ronald S. Oosting, Willem Seinen
Despite decades of intense research, the precise etiology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remains unclear. In this hypothesis, we present a new perspective on this matter by identifying carnitine palmitoyl transferase-2 (CPT2) as a central target in AD. CPT2 is an enzyme situated within the inner mitochondrial membrane, playing a crucial role in beta-oxidation of fatty acids. It exhibits high sensitivity
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What Does ChatGPT Know About Dementia? A Comparative Analysis of Information Quality J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-16 Jill A. Dosso, Jaya N. Kailley, Julie M. Robillard
Abstract The quality of information about dementia retrieved using ChatGPT is unknown. Content was evaluated for length, readability, and quality using the QUEST, a validated tool, and compared against online material from three North American organizations. Both sources of information avoided conflicts of interest, supported the patient-physician relationship, and used a balanced tone. Official bodies
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Odor Identification Across Time in Mutation Carriers and Non-Carriers in Autosomal-Dominant Alzheimer’s Disease J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-16 Ove Almkvist, Maria Larsson, Caroline Graff
Abstract Background: Impaired odor identification is a characteristic of sporadic Alzheimer’sdisease(AD), but its presence in autosomal-dominantAD (adAD) remains uncertain. Objective: To investigate odor identification ability in mutation carriers (MC) and non-carriers (NC) of adAD in relation to years to estimated clinical onset clinical onset (YECO) of disease. Methods: Participants from six families
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Effect of Vascular Risk Factors on Blood-Brain Barrier and Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers Along the Alzheimer’s Disease Continuum: A Retrospective Observational Study J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-16 Francesco Ricci, Alessandro Martorana, Chiara G. Bonomi, Chiara Serafini, Nicola B. Mercuri, Giacomo Koch, Caterina Motta
Background: Blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction could favor the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Vascular risk factors (VRF) could worsen BBB integrity, thus promoting neurode generation. Objective: To investigate BBB permeability and its relation with VRF along the AD continuum (ADc). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Amyloid (A) and p-tau (T) levels were used to stratify patients
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Association Between Urinary Glyphosate Exposure and Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults from NHANES 2013-2014 J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-16 Jiawen Ren, Yongquan Yu, Yucheng Wang, Yu Dong, Xiaobing Shen
Background:Glyphosate is the most commonly used herbicide with potential neurotoxicity. However, limited epidemical evidence is found in the relationship between glyphosate and cognitive impairment, especially in the cognitive-disrupting sensitive elderly populations. Objective:This study aimed toexamine the association of urinary glyphosate exposure with cognitive impairment in the United State (US)
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Comparison of Commonly Measured Plasma and Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins and Their Significance for the Characterization of Cognitive Impairment Status J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-16 Habbiburr Rehman, Ting Fang Alvin Ang, Qiushan Tao, Arielle Lauren Espenilla, Rhoda Au, Lindsay A. Farrer, Xiaoling Zhang, Wei Qiao Qiu
Background:Although cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid-β42 peptide (Aβ42) and phosphorylated tau (p-tau) and blood p-tau are valuable for differential diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) from cognitively normal (CN) there is a lack of validated biomarkers for mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Objective:This study sought to determine how plasma and CSF protein markers compared in the characterization
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Delirium Prevention in Early Rehabilitation During Acute Hospitalization and Implementation of Programs Specifically Tailored to Older Patients with Cognitive Impairment: A Scoping Review with Meta-Analysis J. Alzheimer’s Dis. (IF 4.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-02 Klaus Hauer, Ilona Dutzi, Christian Werner, Jürgen Bauer, Phoebe Ullrich
Background:No systematic review on delirium prevention within early, hospital-based rehabilitation on implementation of approaches specifically tailored for patients with cognitive impairment (PwCI), such as Alzheimer’s disease or vascular dementia, has been published despite the high relevance ofspecific medical care in this vulnerable population. Objective:To document design and effectiveness of