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Cancer invasion and anaerobic bacteria: new insights into mechanisms J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Rachel Hurst, Daniel S. Brewer, Abraham Gihawi, John Wain and Colin S. Cooper
There is growing evidence that altered microbiota abundance of a range of specific anaerobic bacteria are associated with cancer, including Peptoniphilus spp., Porphyromonas spp., Fusobacterium spp., Fenollaria spp., Prevotella spp., Sneathia spp., Veillonella spp. and Anaerococcus spp. linked to multiple cancer types. In this review we explore these pathogenic associations. The mechanisms by which
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Anthraquinones against Cryptococcus neoformans sensu stricto: antifungal interaction, biofilm inhibition and pathogenicity in the Caenorhabditis elegans model J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Géssica dos Santos Araújo, Raimunda Sâmia Nogueira Brilhante, Maria Gleiciane da Rocha, Lara de Aguiar, Débora de Souza Collares Maia Castelo-Branco, Glaucia Morgana de Melo Guedes, José Júlio Costa Sidrim, Waldemiro Aquino Pereira Neto and Marcos Fábio Gadelha Rocha
Introduction. Cryptococcal biofilms have been associated with persistent infections and antifungal resistance. Therefore, strategies, such as the association of natural compounds and antifungal drugs, have been applied for the prevention of biofilm growth. Moreover, the Caenorhabditis elegans pathogenicity model has been used to investigate the capacity to inhibit the pathogenicity of Cryptococcus
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Clostridioides difficile detection and infection in children: are they just small adults? J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Sam Watkin, Francis Yongblah, James Burton, John C. Hartley and Elaine Cloutman-Green
Clostridioides difficile is a well-recognized healthcare-associated pathogen, with its significance widely recognized in adult populations. Despite this, there is limited data on the significance of detection within paediatric populations, both for individual patient management and wider transmission risk-based considerations. High rates of colonization are understood to occur in infants, with increasing
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Performance of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in cerebrospinal fluid for diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Bi-Wei Lin, Jian-Chen Hong, Zai-Jie Jiang, Wei-Qing Zhang, Qi-Chao Fan and Xiang-Ping Yao
Purpose. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) has been widely used in the diagnosis of infectious diseases, while its performance in diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is incompletely characterized. The aim of this study was to assess the performance of mNGS in the diagnosis of TBM, and illustrate the sensitivity and specificity of different methods. Methods. We retrospectively recruited
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Delays to treatment initiation and emergence of drug resistance among new adult tuberculosis patients in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Kiros Tedla, Nega Berhe, Afework Mulugeta, Girmay Medhin, Gebretsadik Berhe, Guesh Abrha and Tilahun Teklehaymanot
Introduction. Studies in Ethiopia have indicated that tuberculosis (TB) patient’s elapsed a long time before initiating treatment. Gap Statement. However, there is very limited evidence on the association of treatment initiation delay with drug resistance. Research Aim. To investigate the association of delayed treatment initiation with drug resistance among newly diagnosed TB patients in Tigray, Ethiopia
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In vitro and in silico assessment of anti-biofilm and anti-quorum sensing properties of 2,4-Di-tert butylphenol against Acinetobacter baumannii J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Nisha Kumari Jha, Venkadesaperumal Gopu, Chandran Sivasankar, Satya Ranjan Singh, Palanisamy Bruntha Devi, Ayaluru Murali and Prathapkumar Halady Shetty
Introduction. Acinetobacter baumannii is a nosocomial pathogen with a high potential to cause food-borne infections. It is designated as a critical pathogen by the World Health Organization due to its multi-drug resistance and mortalities reported. Biofilm governs major virulence factors, which promotes drug resistance in A. baumannii. Thus, a compound with minimum selection pressure on the pathogen
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Listeria monocytogenes: the silent assassin J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Emily T. Fotopoulou, Claire Jenkins, Anaïs Painset and Corinne Amar
Listeriosis is a foodborne infection in humans caused by Listeria monocytogenes. Consumption of contaminated food can lead to severe infection in vulnerable patients, that can be fatal. Clinical manifestations include sepsis and meningitis, and in pregnancy-associated infection, miscarriage and stillbirth. Diagnosis is confirmed by culture and identification of the pathogen from blood, cerebrospinal
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Novel automated antifungal susceptibility testing system for yeasts based on dual-detection algorithm of turbidimetry and colorimetry J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Tingting Shen, Piao Liu, Dongmiao Chen, Duoduo Liu, Juan Fang, Qian Wang, Yinjuan Xu, Chunjuan Tan and Congrong Wang
Introduction. The increasing prevalence and growing resistance of fungi present a significant peril to public health. There are only four classes of antifungal medicines available today, and few candidates are in clinical trials. Hypothesis/Gap Statement. Rapid and sensitive diagnostic techniques are lacking for most fungal pathogens, and those that do exist are expensive or hard to obtain. Aim. This
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Improving pulmonary infection diagnosis with metagenomic next-generation sequencing of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Ying Long, Xianzhu Xia, Hao Feng and Pingsen Zhao
Introduction. Inappropriate use of antibiotics and inadequate therapeutic regimens for early-stage pulmonary infections are major contributors to increased prevalence of complications and mortality. Moreover, due to the limitations in sensitivity of conventional testing, there is an urgent need for more diagnostically efficient methods for the detection and characterization of pathogens in pulmonary
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Rapid determination of antimicrobial susceptibility of Gram-negative bacteria from clinical blood cultures using a scattered light-integrated collection device J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Kerry Falconer, Robert Hammond, Benjamin J. Parcell and Stephen H. Gillespie
Background. A bloodstream infection (BSI) presents a complex and serious health problem, a problem that is being exacerbated by increasing antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Gap Statement. The current turnaround times (TATs) for most antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) methods offer results retrospective of treatment decisions, and this limits the impact AST can have on antibiotic prescribing and
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Promising activity of etomidate against mixed biofilms of fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Cecília Rocha da Silva, Júlia Délis de Oliveira Rebouças, Vitória Pessoa de Farias Cabral, Daniel Sampaio Rodrigues, Amanda Dias Barbosa, Lara Elloyse Almeida Moreira, Fátima Daiana Dias Barroso, Tatiana do Nascimento Paiva Coutinho, Elaine Aires de Lima, Claudia Roberta de Andrade, João Batista de Andrade Neto, Iri Sandro Pampolha Lima, Hélio Vitoriano Nobre Júnior and Lívia Gurgel do Amaral Valente
Introduction. Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus are recognized for their development of resistance and biofilm formation. New therapeutic alternatives are necessary in this context. Hypothesis. Etomidate shows potential application in catheters against mixed biofilms of fluconazole-resistant C. albicans and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Aim. The present study aimed to evaluate the
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Five-year species distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of non-tuberculous mycobacteria in Malaysia, 2018–2022 J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Mahfuzah Mohamad Azranyi, Zirwatul Adilah Aziz, Dayana Ishak, Nur Farahanis Mohd Nais, Zaidatul Akmar Elias, Nurrul Atiqiah Fitri Sulaiman, Khairul Azan Hashim, Rohani Ismail, Nik Jasmin Nik Mahir, Yun Fong Ngeow and Thaw Zin
Introduction. Non-tuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) is a group of mycobacteria distinct from the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. They can cause opportunistic infections, especially in immunocompromised individuals. Gap Statement. Over the last few years, there has been a growing concern regarding the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of NTM in Malaysia. however, a comprehensive study to fully
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High levels of multidrug-resistant isolates of genetically similar Salmonella 1,4, [5],12:I:- from Brazil between 1983 and 2020 J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Giovana do Nascimento Pereira, Amanda Aparecida Seribelli, Fábio Campioni, Carolina Nogueira Gomes, Monique Ribeiro Tiba-Casas, Marta Inês Cazentini Medeiros, Dália dos Prazeres Rodrigues and Juliana Pfrimer Falcão
Introduction. Salmonella 1,4, [5],12:i:- strains with different antimicrobial resistance profiles have been associated with foodborne disease outbreaks in several countries. In Brazil, S. 1,4, [5],12:i:- was identified as one of the most prevalent serovars in São Paulo State during 2004–2020. Gap Statement. However, few studies have characterized this serovar in Brazil. Aim. This study aimed to determine
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Bioarchaeological investigation of individuals with suspected multibacillary leprosy from the mediaeval leprosarium of St Mary Magdalen, Winchester, Hampshire, UK J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-16 G. Michael Taylor, Katie White-Iribhogbe, Garrard Cole, David Ashby, Graham R. Stewart and Heidi Dawson-Hobbis
Introduction. We have examined four burials from the St Mary Magdalen mediaeval leprosarium cemetery in Winchester, Hampshire, UK. One (Sk.8) was a male child, two (Sk.45 and Sk.52) were adolescent females and the fourth (Sk.512) was an adult male. The cemetery was in use between the 10th and 12th centuries. All showed skeletal lesions of leprosy. Additionally, one of the two females (Sk.45) had lesions
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Comparative evaluation of the detection rate, workflow and associated costs of a multiplex PCR panel versus conventional methods in diagnosis of infectious gastroenteritis J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-16 J. Ambrosius-Eichner, M. Hogardt, A. Berger, G. Dultz, R. Idris, V.A.J. Kempf and T.A. Wichelhaus
Introduction. Infectious gastroenteritis is a common reason for consulting a physician. Although most cases of gastrointestinal illness are self-limiting, the identification of the etiologic pathogen by stool specimen analysis is important in cases of more severe illness and for epidemiological reasons. Due to the broad range of causative pathogens, the conventional examination of a stool specimen
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Genomic and metabolic versatility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa contributes to its inter-kingdom transmission and survival J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-16 Sakthivel Ambreetha, Diansy Zincke, Dananjeyan Balachandar and Kalai Mathee
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most versatile bacteria with renowned pathogenicity and extensive drug resistance. The diverse habitats of this bacterium include fresh, saline and drainage waters, soil, moist surfaces, taps, showerheads, pipelines, medical implants, nematodes, insects, plants, animals, birds and humans. The arsenal of virulence factors produced by P. aeruginosa includes pyocyanin
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An alternative strategy to increasing influenza virus replication for vaccine production in chicken embryo fibroblast (DF-1) cells by inhibiting interferon alpha and beta using peptide-conjugated phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Meagan A. Prescott, Hong Moulton and Manoj K. Pastey
Introduction. Influenza is a global health issue causing substantial health and economic burdens on affected populations. Routine, annual vaccination for influenza virus is recommended for all persons older than 6 months of age. The propagation of the influenza virus for vaccine production is predominantly through embryonated chicken eggs. Hypothesis/Gap Statement. Many challenges face the propagation
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STnc1280, a trans-coding sRNA is involved in virulence modulation via targeting gldA mRNA in Salmonella Typhimurium J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Chengcheng Ning, Na Li, Lixia Wang, Yun Guo, Chunhui Ji, Zhiyuan Li, Yunxia Shang, Xingxing Zhang, Yaoqiang Sun, Xiaoxing Huang, Qingwen Leng, Xuepeng Cai, Qingling Meng and Jun Qiao
Introduction. Salmonella Typhimurium (STM) is a food-borne Gram-negative bacterium, which can infect humans and a wide range of livestock and poultry, causing a variety of diseases such as septicaemia, enteritis and abortion. Hypothesis/Gap Statement. We will decipher the impacts of sRNA STnc1280 on STM virulence and provide a theoretical basis to reveal the regulatory role and molecular mechanism
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Significant differences in the caecal bacterial microbiota of red and grey squirrels in Britain J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Lucy Hall, Christopher Nichols, Francesca Martelli, Joy Leng, Craig Shuttleworth and Roberto La Ragione
Introduction. Red squirrel populations have declined in the UK since the introduction of the grey squirrel, due to resource competition and grey squirrels carrying a squirrelpox virus that is fatal to red squirrels. Hypothesis/Gap Statement. It is not known if the gut microbiota of the two species is similar and if this could impact the survival of red squirrels. Aim. The aim of this study was to profile
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Antifungal activity and potential mechanism of action of Huangqin decoction against Trichophyton rubrum J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Chengying Shen, Zhong Luo, Ping Zhan, Fengyi Deng, Pei Zhang, Baode Shen and Jianxin Hu
Introduction. Trichophyton rubrum is a major causative agent of superficial dermatomycoses such as onychomycosis and tinea pedis. Huangqin decoction (HQD), as a classical traditional Chinese medicine formula, was found to inhibit the growth of common clinical dermatophytes such as T. rubrum in our previous drug susceptibility experiments. Hypothesis/Gap Statement. The antifungal activity and potential
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis-THP-1 like macrophages protein-protein interaction map revealed through dual RNA-seq analysis and a computational approach J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Chaima Hkimi, Selim Kamoun, Oussema Khamessi and Kais Ghedira
Introduction. Infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) is still a leading cause of mortality worldwide with estimated 1.4 million deaths annually. Hypothesis/Gap statement. Despite macrophages' ability to kill bacterium, M. tb can grow inside these innate immune cells and the exploration of the infection has traditionally been characterized by a one-sided relationship, concentrating solely
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Efficacy evaluation of anti-DEC-IgY against antibiotic-resistant diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Srichandrasekar Thuthikkadu Indhuprakash, Panchapakesan S, David Raj C and Diraviyam Thirumalai
Introduction. The rise of multi-drug-resistant bacteria poses a global threat. In 2017, the World Health Organization identified 12 antibiotic-resistant ‘priority pathogens’, including Enterobacteriaceae, highlighting the menace of Gram-negative bacteria. Diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli (DEC)-induced diarrhoea is particularly problematic for travellers and infants. In contrast to other antibiotic alternatives
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A systematic approach to microbial forensics J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-02 T. J. J. Inglis
The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic accelerated developments in biotechnology that underpin infection science. These advances present an opportunity to refresh the microbial forensic toolkit. Integration of novel analytical techniques with established forensic methods will speed up acquisition of evidence and better support lines of enquiry. A critical part of any such investigation is demonstration
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Non-tuberculous mycobacteria hybridisation profiles in the GenoType MTBDRplus assay: experience from a diagnostic routine of a high-throughput laboratory J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-02 Rosângela Siqueira de Oliveira, Erica Chimara, Angela Pires Brandão, Fernanda Cristina dos Santos Simeão, Andreia Rodrigues de Souza, Juliana Failde Gallo and Juliana Maira Watanabe Pinhata
Introduction. Disease caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) is an emergent problem. Because NTM pulmonary disease and tuberculosis (TB) have similar clinical presentations, many cases of NTM may be misdiagnosed as TB before laboratory identification of the NTM species. Hypothesis/Gap Statement. Clinical laboratories should always perform differentiation between Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex
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Identification of consensus head and neck cancer-associated microbiota signatures: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 16S rRNA and The Cancer Microbiome Atlas datasets J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Kenny Yeo, Runhao Li, Fangmeinuo Wu, George Bouras, Linh T.H. Mai, Eric Smith, Peter-John Wormald, Rowan Valentine, Alkis James Psaltis, Sarah Vreugde and Kevin Fenix
Introduction. Multiple reports have attempted to describe the tumour microbiota in head and neck cancer (HNSC). Gap statement. However, these have failed to produce a consistent microbiota signature, which may undermine understanding the importance of bacterial-mediated effects in HNSC. Aim. The aim of this study is to consolidate these datasets and identify a consensus microbiota signature in HNSC
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Clinical and public health implications of increasing notifications of LEE-negative Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in England, 2014–2022 J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Ella V. Rodwell, David R. Greig, Gauri Godbole and Claire Jenkins
Introduction. Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) belong to a diverse group of gastrointestinal pathogens. The pathogenic potential of STEC is enhanced by the presence of the pathogenicity island called the Locus of Enterocyte Effacement (LEE), including the intimin encoding gene eae. Gap statement. STEC serotypes O128:H2 (Clonal Complex [CC]25), O91:H14 (CC33), and O146:H21 (CC442) are consistently
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Stability of BK polyomavirus DNA in urine over time and analytical evaluation of an automated BKV quantitative nucleic acid test J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-24 Christopher F. Lowe, Tanya Lawson, Matthew Young, Willson Jang, Gordon Ritchie, Marc G. Romney and Nancy Matic
Introduction. BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) quantitative testing is an important screening tool post-transplantation, although interpretation can be challenging due to lack of standardization, assay heterogeneity and variability of BKPyV DNA over time (in urine). Methods. Remnant clinical EDTA plasma and urine samples were tested by the cobas BKV test and a validated laboratory-developed test (LDT). Accuracy
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Genomic and vaccine preclinical studies reveal a novel mouse-adapted Helicobacter pylori model for the hpEastAsia genotype in Southeast Asia J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-18 Thi Kim Cuc Nguyen, Hoang Dang Khoa Do, Thi Lan Phuong Nguyen, Thu Thuy Pham, Bao Ngoc Mach, Thi Chinh Nguyen, Thi Lan Pham, Paidamoyo M. Katsande, Huynh Anh Hong, Huu Thai Duong, Anh N. Phan, Simon M. Cutting, Minh Thiet Vu and Van Duy Nguyen
Introduction. Helicobacter pylori infection is a major global health concern, linked to the development of various gastrointestinal diseases, including gastric cancer. To study the pathogenesis of H. pylori and develop effective intervention strategies, appropriate animal pathogen models that closely mimic human infection are essential. Gap statement. This study focuses on the understudied hpEastAsia
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Commercial farmed swine harbour a variety of pathogenic bacteria and antimicrobial resistance genes J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-17 Thanaporn Eiamsam-ang, Pakpoom Tadee, Songphon Buddhasiri, Phongsakorn Chuammitri, Nattinee Kittiwan, Ben Pascoe and Prapas Patchanee
Introduction. The northern region of Thailand serves as a crucial area for swine production, contributing to the Thai community food supply. Previous studies have highlighted the presence of foodborne bacterial pathogens originating from swine farms in this region, posing a threat to both human and animal health. Gap statement. Multiple swine bacterial pathogens have been studied at a species level
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Ramoplanin as a novel therapy for Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection: an in vitro and in vivo study in Galleria mellonella J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-12 Zina Gestels, Irith De Baetselier, Said Abdellati, Sheeba Santhini Manoharan-Basil and Chris Kenyon
Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a bacterial pathogen that causes gonorrhoea, a sexually transmitted infection. Increasing antimicrobial resistance in N. gonorrhoeae is providing motivation to develop new treatment options. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of the antibiotic ramoplanin as a treatment for N. gonorrhoeae infection. We tested the effectiveness of ramoplanin in vitro against 14
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Clinical features relating to pneumococcal colony phase variation in hospitalized adults with pneumonia J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-08 Shuhei Ideguchi, Kazuko Yamamoto, Takahiro Takazono, Yuichi Fukuda, Takahiro Tashiro, Sayaka Shizukuishi, Bin Chang, Michinaga Ogawa, Koichi Izumikawa, Katsunori Yanagihara, Kazuhiro Yatera and Hiroshi Mukae
Background. Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major causative bacteria of pneumonia and invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD); however, the mechanisms underlying its severity and invasion remain to be defined. Pneumococcal colonies exhibit opaque and transparent opacity phase variations, which have been associated with invasive infections and nasal colonization, respectively, in animal studies. This study
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Genomic characterization of Mycoplasma edwardii isolated from a dog bite induced cat wound reveals multiple horizontal gene transfer events and loss of the CRISPR/Cas system J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-03 Sara M. Klose, Alistair R. Legione, Isobel Monotti, Rhys N. Bushell, Takanori Sugiyama, Glenn F. Browning and Paola K. Vaz
A domestic short hair cat (Felis catus) suffering from a purulent wound infection resulting from a dog bite was sampled for bacterial culture and isolation as the wound had been unresponsive to prolonged antimicrobial treatment. A mycoplasma was isolated from the wound. Whole genome sequencing of the isolate was performed using short-read Illumina and long-read Oxford Nanopore chemistry, and the organism
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Evaluation of a novel chromogenic screening method for detection of carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-12-19 Bhaskar Jyoti Das, K. Melson Singha, Jayalaxmi Wangkheimayum, Debadatta Dhar Chanda and Amitabha Bhattacharjee
Introduction. Early detection of carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli (CREco), categorized as a critical priority pathogen by the World Health Organization (WHO), is crucial in optimizing therapeutic options and to thwart outbreaks in clinical settings. Gap statement. The need of the hour is a diagnostic method that can detect carbapenem resistance conferred by intrinsic or acquired carbapenem resistance
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Preliminary view of the distribution and spread of the plasmid-mediated resistance genes in Glaesserella parasuis J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-12-19 Huarun Sun, Minghui Li, Yilin Bai, Yawei Sun, Chunling Zhu, Xiaojing Xia, Huihui Zhang, Weiyu Luo, Wei Zhang, Yuliang Wen, Yueyu Bai, Lei Wang and Jianhe Hu
Introduction. Various plasmid-mediated resistance genes have been reported in Glaesserella parasuis , but little is known about their global distribution features, evolution pattern and spread. Gap Statement. The potential mobilization mechanisms of resistance plasmids in G. parasuis have been poorly explored. Aim. The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence and diversity of plasmid-mediated
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Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis and its associated factors among pulmonary tuberculosis patients linked to first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs in north-west Ethiopia J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Mulat Erkihun, Teklehaimanot Kiros, Ayenew Berhan and Bayu Ayele
Introduction. Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is an emerging global challenge. Ethiopia is one of the 20 top countries with the highest estimated numbers of incidents of MDR-TB. Recently, the World Health Organization warned that drug-resistant TB is escalating and called for concerted action to reduce the spread of drug resistance. Hypothesis. The current study investigated MDR-TB in patients
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Engineering of the LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12b platform for Chlamydia psittaci detection J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-12-06 Rong Wang, Xujian Mao, Jian Xu, Ping Yao, Jingyi Jiang, Qiong Li and Fengming Wang
Introduction. Chlamydia psittaci ( C. psittaci ) is a zoonotic infection, that causes psittacosis (parrot fever) in humans, leading to severe clinical manifestations, including severe pneumonia, adult respiratory distress syndrome, and, in rare cases, death. Gap Statement. Rapid, sensitive and specific detection of C. psittaci facilitates timely diagnosis and treatment of patients. Aim. This study
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Mixture modelling of Bordetella pertussis serology samples to evaluate anti-pertussis toxin immunoglobulin G titre thresholds for positivity: England 2008–2022 J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-12-04 Elise Tessier, David Litt, Sonia Ribeiro, Nurin Abdul Aziz, Helen Campbell, Gayatri Amirthalingam, Norman K. Fry and Nick Andrews
Introduction. Antibody testing for evidence of a recent Bordetella pertussis infection by estimating anti-pertussis toxin immunoglobulin G (anti-PT-IgG) titres by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays is often recommended for those with a cough lasting more than 14 days. Interpreting results varies, with studies recommending different anti-PT-IgG titre thresholds for assigning positivity. In England,
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Saliva sampling and its direct lysis is an excellent option for SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis in paediatric patients: comparison with the PanBio COVID-19 antigen rapid test in symptomatic and asymptomatic children J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Joaquín Moreno-Contreras, Marco A. Espinoza, Marco A. Cantú-Cuevas, Daniel A. Madrid-González, Héctor Barón-Olivares, Oscar D. Ortiz-Orozco, Cecilia Guzmán-Rodríguez, Carlos F. Arias and Susana Lopez
Introduction. Lateral flow test (LFTs) have been used as an alternative to reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) in point-of-care testing. Despite their benefits, the sensitivity of LFTs may be low and is affected by several factors. We have previously reported the feasibility of using direct lysis of individual or pools of saliva samples from symptomatic and asymptomatic patients as a source
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The changes of gut microbiota and metabolites in different drug-induced liver injuries J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Ruirui Zhu, Yinghui Gao, Jianxia Dong, Zhiqin Li and Zhigang Ren
The increasing incidence of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) has become a major concern. Gut microbiota, as another organ of the human body, has been studied in various tumors, cardiovascular metabolic diseases, inflammatory bowel disease and human immunity. The studies mentioned above have confirmed its important impact on the occurrence and development of DILI. The gut-liver axis explains the close
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Streptomyces: a natural source of anti-Candida agents J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-22 Nathália da Rosa Coelho Martins, Aldo Rodrigues da Silva, Norman Ratcliffe, Victor Gustavo Oliveira Evangelho, Helena Carla Castro and Gerry A. Quinn
Introduction. There is an urgent need to source new compounds that can combat the current threat of serious infection caused by Candida spp. and contend with the problem of antimicrobial resistance.Gap. A synthesis of the evidence available from the current literature is needed to identify promising antifungal chemotherapeutics.Aim. To highlight anti-Candida compounds derived from Streptomyces
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Performance of CHROMagar ESBL media for the surveillance of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterales (ESCrE) from rectal swabs in Botswana J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-22 Naledi Mannathoko, Ebbing Lautenbach, Mosepele Mosepele, Dimpho Otukile, Kgotlaetsile Sewawa, Laurel Glaser, Leigh Cressman, Laura Cowden, Kevin Alby, Anne Jaskowiak-Barr, Robert Gross, Margaret Mokomane, Giacomo M. Paganotti, Ashley Styczynski, Rachel M. Smith, Evan Snitkin, Tiffany Wan, Warren B. Bilker and Melissa Richard-Greenblatt
Introduction. Lack of laboratory capacity hampers consistent national antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance. Chromogenic media may provide a practical screening tool for detection of individuals colonized by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing organisms. Hypothesis. CHROMagar ESBL media represent an adequate screening method for the detection of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant
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Urinary tract infections: a review of the current diagnostics landscape J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-15 Braith Grey, Mathew Upton and Lovleen Tina Joshi
Urinary tract infections are the most common bacterial infections worldwide. Infections can range from mild, recurrent (rUTI) to complicated (cUTIs), and are predominantly caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). Antibiotic therapy is important to tackle infection; however, with the continued emergence of antibiotic resistance there is an urgent need to monitor the use of effective antibiotics
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High incidence of antibiotic resistance amongst isolates of Helicobacter pylori collected in Nottingham, UK, between 2001 and 2018 J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 Elizabeth Garvey, Joanne Rhead, Suffi Suffian, Daniel Whiley, Farah Mahmood, Naveen Bakshi, Darren Letley, Jonathan White, John Atherton, Jody Anne Winter and Karen Robinson
Introduction. Helicobacter pylori is the leading cause of peptic ulcers and gastric cancer. The most common treatment regimens use combinations of two or three antibiotics and a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) to suppress stomach acid. The World Health Organization designated clarithromycin-resistant H. pylori as a high priority pathogen for drug development, due to increasing antibiotic resistance globally
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Mycobacterium bovis and its impact on human and animal tuberculosis J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 Jason Sawyer, Shelley Rhodes, Gareth J. Jones, Philip J. Hogarth and H. Martin Vordermeier
Mycobacterium bovis belongs to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex pathogen group (MTBC), which includes M. tuberculosis . These organisms cause tuberculosis (TB), a disease characterized by the formation of tubercles and caseous necrosis in the lungs. M. bovis is the leading cause of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in cattle and other domestic and wild animals. It also causes disease in
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Excretory-secretory products from adult helminth Nippostrongylus brasiliensis have in vitro bactericidal activity J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-06 Roxanne Pillay, Zilungile L. Mkhize-Kwitshana, William G.C. Horsnell, Christopher Icke, Ian Henderson, Murray E. Selkirk, Rita Berkachy, Pragalathan Naidoo, Abraham J. Niehaus, Ravesh Singh, Adam F. Cunningham and Matthew K. O'Shea
Introduction. Intestinal helminths and microbiota share the same anatomical niche during infection and are likely to interact either directly or indirectly. Whether intestinal helminths employ bactericidal strategies that influence their microbial environment is not completely understood. Hypothesis. In the present study, the hypothesis that the adult hookworm Nippostrongylus brasiliensis produces
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Evaluation of anti-biofilm effect of antimicrobial sonodynamic therapy-based periodontal ligament stem cell-derived exosome-loaded kojic acid on Enterococcus faecalis biofilm J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Maryam Pourhajibagher, Maryam Azimi Mohammadabadi, Hassan-Ali Ghafari, Mahshid Hodjat and Abbas Bahador
Introduction. Antimicrobial sonodynamic therapy (aSDT) is an approach that uses ultrasound waves (UWs) and a sonosensitizer to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) to damage microbial cells in biofilms. Using nano-carriers, such as exosomes (Exos), to deliver the sonosensitizer can potentially enhance the effectiveness of aSDT. Hypothesis/Gap Statement. aSDT can downregulate the expression of gelE
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Performance of targeted next-generation sequencing in the detection of respiratory pathogens and antimicrobial resistance genes for children J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Ruihong Lin, Zhihao Xing, Xiaorong Liu, Qiang Chai, Zefeng Xin, Meng Huang, Chunqing Zhu, Ce Luan, Hongdan Gao, Yao Du, Xuwen Deng, Hetong Zhang and Dongli Ma
Introduction. Respiratory tract infection, which is associated with high morbidity and mortality, occurs frequently in children. At present, the main diagnostic method is culture. However, the low pathogen detection rate of the culture approach prevents timely and accurate diagnosis. Fortunately, next-generation sequencing (NGS) can compensate for the deficiency of culture, and its application in clinical
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Genomic analyses of Bacteroides fragilis: subdivisions I and II represent distinct species J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Jamie English, Fiona Newberry, Lesley Hoyles, Sheila Patrick and Linda Stewart
Introduction. Bacteroides fragilis is a Gram-negative anaerobe that is a member of the human gastrointestinal microbiota and is frequently found as an extra-intestinal opportunistic pathogen. B. fragilis comprises two distinct groups – divisions I and II – characterized by the presence/absence of genes [cepA and ccrA (cfiA), respectively] that confer resistance to β-lactam antibiotics by either serine
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In vitro activity of tubercidin against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and nontuberculosis Mycobacteria J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Qing Sun, Xinlei Liao, Jun Yan, Guanglu Jiang, Fengmin Huo, Guirong Wang and Hao Li
Tubercidin is an adenosine analogue that has been shown to exhibit good activity against some tumours and parasites. In this study, the in vitro activity of tubercidin was evaluated against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and nontuberculosis Mycobacteria (NTM). For determining the MICs of tubercidin, 23 fully drug-sensitive (DS) Mtb strains, 33 multi-drug resistance tuberculosis (MDR-TB) strains,
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MARGINAL NOTES, October 2023. It's about the phenotype. J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Timothy J J Inglis
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Explore intersection genes of oxymatrine and COVID-19 with lung cancer as potential therapeutic targets based on network pharmacology J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-10-19 Wei Wu, Chuan Cheng, Dongdong Yuan, Li Peng and Le Li
Introduction. Oxymatrine is a natural quinazine alkaloid extracted from Sophora flavescens and has many medicinal values. Oxymatrine showed protective effects, viral inhibition and effects against lung cancer. Hypothesis/Gap Statement. Individuals with lung cancer exhibit heightened vulnerability to COVID-19 infection due to compromised immune function. In conjunction with COVID-19, it is hypothesized
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Molecular mechanism of Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli induced apoptosis in cultured human intestinal epithelial cells J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-10-17 Anshu Priya, Shipra Chandel, Archana Joon and Sujata Ghosh
Background. Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) is an evolving etiological agent of acute and persistent diarrhoea worldwide. The previous study from our laboratory has reported the apoptosis-inducing activity of EAEC in human small intestinal and colonic epithelial cell lines. In the present investigation, we have explored the underlying mechanism of EAEC-induced apoptosis in human intestinal
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Microbiome depiction through user-adapted bioinformatic pipelines and parameters J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-10-12 Eric I. Nayman, Brooke A. Schwartz, Fantaysia C. Polanco, Alexandra K. Firek, Alayna C. Gumabong, Nolan J. Hofstee, Giri Narasimhan, Trevor Cickovski and Kalai Mathee
Introduction. The role of the microbiome in health and disease continues to be increasingly recognized. However, there is significant variability in the bioinformatic protocols for analysing genomic data. This, in part, has impeded the potential incorporation of microbiomics into the clinical setting and has challenged interstudy reproducibility. In microbial compositional analysis, there is a growing
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Avian reovirus: a furious and fast evolving pathogen J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-10-06 Sofia Egana-Labrin and Andrew J. Broadbent
Avian reoviruses (ARVs) have a significant economic impact on the poultry industry, affecting commercial and backyard flocks. Spread feco-orally, or vertically, many do not cause morbidity, but pathogenic strains can contribute to several diseases, including tenosynovitis/arthritis, which is clinically the most significant. The last decade has seen a surge in cases in the US, and due to ongoing evolution
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Analysis of possible pathways on the mechanism of action of minocycline and doxycycline against strains of Candida spp. resistant to fluconazole J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-10-06 Cecília Rocha da Silva, Maria Janielly Castelo Branco Silveira, Giulia Caetano Soares, Claudia Roberta de Andrade, Vitória Pessoa de Farias Cabral, Lívia Gurgel do Amaral Valente Sá, Daniel Sampaio Rodrigues, Lara Elloyse Almeida Moreira, Amanda Dias Barbosa, Lisandra Juvêncio da Silva, Anderson Ramos da Silva, Akenaton Onassis Cardoso Viana Gomes, Bruno Coêlho Cavalcanti, Manoel Odorico de Moraes
Species of the genus Candida, characterized as commensals of the human microbiota, are opportunistic pathogens capable of generating various types of infections with high associated costs. Considering the limited pharmacological arsenal and the emergence of antifungal-resistant strains, the repositioning of drugs is a strategy used to search for new therapeutic alternatives, in which minocycline and
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Rapid response of a public health reference laboratory to the COVID-19 pandemic J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-10-06 Juliana Maira Watanabe Pinhata, Angela Pires Brandao, Daniela Leite, Rosangela Siqueira de Oliveira, Lucila Okuyama Fukasawa, Maria Gisele Gonçalves, Juliana Mariotti Guerra, Leonardo José Tadeu de Araujo, Gina Ploeger Mansueli, Lilian Beserra Santos, Tarcilla Corrente Borghesan, Lidia Midori Kimura, Juliana Possatto Fernandes Takahashi, Juliana Alves Garcia, Ana Rita de Toledo Piza, Camila Santos
Introduction. Brazil was one of the most affected countries by the COVID-19 pandemic. Instituto Adolfo Lutz (IAL) is the reference laboratory for COVID-19 in São Paulo, the most populous state in Brazil. In April 2020, a secondary diagnostic pole named IAL-2 was created to enhance IAL’s capacity for COVID-19 diagnosis. Hypothesis/Gap Statement. Public health laboratories must be prepared to rapidly
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Efficacy of ceftobiprole in a murine model of bacteremia and disseminated infection J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-10-04 Charlotte Cumper, Claire Richards, Jennifer Smart, Karine Litherland and Mark Jones
Introduction. Ceftobiprole is an advanced-generation broad-spectrum parenteral cephalosporin with activity against MSSA and MRSA. Gap Statement. Ceftobiprole is not currently approved for use to treat S. aureus bacteremia and phase three clinical trials are taking place. Drug approval requires further pre-clinical evidence to support this new indication. Aim. The aim of this study was to evaluate the
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Foodborne antimicrobial resistance (AMR) research and surveillance in the UK: priorities identified through the Food Standards Agency's AMR programme review (2023). J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Henry Nicholls,Bobby Kainth,Paul Cook,Rick Mumford,Charles Keevil,Roberto La Ragione,Eric Threlfall,David McDowell,Kathryn Callaghan
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Corrigendum: The characterisation of antimicrobial resistant Escherichia coli from dairy calves. J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Merning Mwenifumbo,Adrian L Cookson,Shengguo Zhao,Ahmed Fayaz,A Springer Browne,Jackie Benschop,Sara A Burgess
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Efficacy of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics in irritable bowel syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials J. Med. Microbiol. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-09-29 Wen Xue Zhang, Lu Bo Shi, Min Si Zhou, Jing Wu and Hai Yun Shi
Introduction. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal disorder that affects the quality of life of numerous people worldwide. Gap statement. The therapeutic role of gut microbiota modulation in IBS remains controversial. Aim. We aimed to assess the efficacy of probiotics, prebiotics or synbiotics in patients with IBS. Methodology. We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE up to 1 August 2023