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Development of an attenuated potato virus Y mutant carrying multiple mutations in helper-component protease for cross-protection Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-15 Xiao-Jie Xu, Xu-Jie Sun, Chun-Ju Liu, Xiu-Zhai Chen, Qing Zhu, Yan-Ping Tian, Xiang-Dong Li
Tobacco () is one of the major cash crops in China. Potato virus Y (PVY), a representative member of the genus , greatly reduces the quality and yield of tobacco leaves by inducing veinal necrosis. Mild strain-mediated cross-protection is an attractive method of controlling diseases caused by PVY. Currently, there is a lack of effective and stable attenuated PVY mutants. Potyviral helper component-protease
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Viral deubiquitinating proteases and the promising strategies of their inhibition Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Vera J.E. van Vliet, Anuradha De Silva, Brian L. Mark, Marjolein Kikkert
Several viruses are now known to code for deubiquitinating proteases in their genomes. Ubiquitination is an essential post-translational modification of cellular substrates involved in many processes in the cell, including in innate immune signalling. This post-translational modification is regulated by the ubiquitin conjugation machinery, as well as various host deubiquitinating enzymes. The conjugation
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Global landscape of coxsackieviruses in human health Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-06 Raiana S. Machado, Fernando N. Tavares, Ivanildo P. Sousa Jr
Coxsackieviruses-induced infections, particularly in infants and young children, are one of the most important public health issues in low- and middle-income countries, where the surveillance system varies substantially, and these manifestations have been disregarded. They are widespread throughout the world and are responsible for a broad spectrum of human diseases, from mildly symptomatic conditions
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Increased GABA signaling in liver macrophage promotes HBV replication in HBV-carrier mice Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-30 Yunling Chen, Zhaoqing Yin, Xiaonan Zhang, Yiwei Zhao, Tinghao Liu, Wei-Yang Lu, Shuanglian Wang
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) signals in various non-neuronal cells including hepatocytes and some immune cells. Studies, including ours, show that type A GABA receptors (GABARs)-mediated signaling occurs in macrophages regulating tissue-specific functions. Our recent study reveals that activation of GABARs in liver macrophages promotes their M2-like polarization and increases HBV replication in mice
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COVID-19 genome surveillance: A geographical landscape and mutational mapping of SARS-CoV-2 variants in central India over two years Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-29 Krishna Khairnar, Siddharth Singh Tomar
Reading the viral genome through whole genome sequencing (WGS) enables the detection of changes in the viral genome. The rapid changes in the SARS-CoV-2 viral genome may cause immune escape leading to an increase in the pathogenicity or infectivity. Monitoring mutations through genomic surveillance helps understand the amino acid changes resulting from the mutation. These amino acid changes, especially
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Molecularly generated rat hepatitis E virus strains from human and rat show efficient replication in a human hepatoma cell line Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Jessica Panajotov, Alexander Falkenhagen, Ashish K. Gadicherla, Reimar Johne
The hepatitis E virus (HEV) can cause acute and chronic hepatitis in humans. Whereas HEV genotypes 1–4 of species are commonly found in humans, infections with ratHEV (species were previously considered to be restricted to rats. However, several cases of human ratHEV infections have been described recently. To investigate the zoonotic potential of this virus, a genomic clone was constructed here based
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Discovery of a potent inhibitor, D-132, targeting AsfvPolX, via protein-DNA complex‐guided pharmacophore screening and in vitro molecular characterizations Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Yi-Chen Wu, Hui-Xiang Lai, Ji-Min Li, Kit-Man Fung, Tien-Sheng Tseng
The heightened transmissibility and capacity of African swine fever virus (ASFV) induce fatal diseases in domestic pigs and wild boars, posing significant economic repercussions and global threats. Despite extensive research efforts, the development of potent vaccines or treatments for ASFV remains a persistent challenge. Recently, inhibiting the PolX, a key DNA repair enzyme, emerges as a feasible
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Phylogeographic Dynamics of H9N2 Avian Influenza Viruses in Tunisia Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Imen Larbi, Marwa Arbi, Oussama Souiai, Halima Tougorti, Gary David Butcher, Jihene Nsiri, Chaima Badr, Imen EL Behi, Jihene Lachhab, Abdeljelil Ghram
Avian influenza virus subtype H9N2 is endemic in commercial poultry in Tunisia. This subtype affects poultry and wild birds in Tunisia and poses a potential zoonotic risk. Tunisian H9N2 strains carry, in their hemagglutinins, the human-like marker 226 L that is most influential in avian-to-human viral transmission. For a better understanding of how ecological aspects of the H9N2 virus and its circulation
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Genetic loci regulate Sarbecovirus pathogenesis: A comparison across mice and humans Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-23 Alexandra Schäfer, Lisa E. Gralinski, Sarah R. Leist, Brea K. Hampton, Michael A. Mooney, Kara L. Jensen, Rachel L. Graham, Sudhakar Agnihothram, Sophia Jeng, Steven Chamberlin, Timothy A. Bell, D. Trevor Scobey, Colton L. Linnertz, Laura A. VanBlargan, Larissa B. Thackray, Pablo Hock, Darla R. Miller, Ginger D. Shaw, Michael S. Diamond, Fernando Pardo Manuel de Villena, Shannon K. McWeeney, Mark T
Coronavirus (CoV) cause considerable morbidity and mortality in humans and other mammals, as evidenced by the emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory CoV (SARS-CoV) in 2003, Middle East Respiratory CoV (MERS-CoV) in 2012, and SARS-CoV-2 in 2019. Although poorly characterized, natural genetic variation in human and other mammals modulate virus pathogenesis, as reflected by the spectrum of clinical outcomes
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Can inflammatory plasma proteins predict Long COVID or Fatigue severity after SARS-CoV-2 infection? Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Timo Schmitz, Dennis Freuer, Yvonne Goßlau, Tobias Dominik Warm, Alexander Hyhlik-Dürr, Jakob Linseisen, Christa Meisinger, Inge Kirchberger
To investigate whether specific immune response plasma proteins can predict an elevated risk of developing Long COVID symptoms or fatigue severity after SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study was based on 257 outpatients with test-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection between February 2020 and January 2021. At least 12 weeks after the acute infection, 92 plasma proteins were measured using the Olink Target 96 immune
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Revisiting a pollen-transmitted ilarvirus previously associated with angular mosaic of grapevine Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Mathieu Mahillon, Justine Brodard, Ruben Schoen, Marleen Botermans, Nathalie Dubuis, Raphaël Groux, John R. Pannell, Arnaud G. Blouin, Olivier Schumpp
We report the characterization of a novel tri-segmented RNA virus infecting , a common crop weed and model species in plant science. The virus, named “Mercurialis latent virus” (MeLaV) was first identified in a mixed infection with the recently described Mercurialis orthotospovirus 1 (MerV1) on symptomatic plants grown in glasshouses in Lausanne (Switzerland). Both viruses were found to be transmitted
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An evolutionary theory on virus mutation in COVID-19 Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Liaofu Luo, Jun Lv
With the rapid evolution of SARS-CoV-2, the emergence of new strains is an intriguing question. This paper presents an evolutionary theory to analyze the mutations of the virus and identify the conditions that lead to the generation of new strains. We represent the virus variants using a 4-letter sequence based on amino acid mutations on the spike protein and employ an -distance algorithm to derive
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Dynamic of SARS-CoV-2 variants circulation in Tunisian pediatric population, during successive waves, from March 2020 to September 2022 Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Haifa Khemiri, Iolanda Mangone, Mariem Gdoura, Khawla Mefteh, Anissa Chouikha, Wasfi Fares, Alessio Lorusso, Massimo Ancora, Adriano Di Pasquale, Cesare Cammà, Samar Ben Halima, Henda Krichen, Hanen Smaoui, Ilhem Boutiba Ben Boubaker, Olfa Bahri, Henda Touzi, Amel Sadraoui, Zina Meddeb, Nahed Hogga, Mouna Safer, Nissaf Ben Alaya, Henda Triki, Sondes Haddad-Boubaker
The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants has led to several cases among children. However, limited information is available from North African countries. This study describes the SARS-CoV-2 strains circulating in Tunisian pediatric population during successive waves. A total of 447 complete sequences were obtained from individuals aged from 13 days to 18 years, between March 2020 and September 2022: 369
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Drug repurposing screen to identify inhibitors of the RNA polymerase (nsp12) and helicase (nsp13) from SARS-CoV-2 replication and transcription complex Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Maria Kuzikov, Jeanette Reinshagen, Krzysztof Wycisk, Angela Corona, Francesca Esposito, Paolo Malune, Candida Manelfi, Daniela Iaconis, Andrea Beccari, Enzo Tramontano, Marcin Nowotny, Björn Windshügel, Philip Gribbon, Andrea Zaliani
Coronaviruses contain one of the largest genomes among the RNA viruses, coding for 14–16 non-structural proteins (nsp) that are involved in proteolytic processing, genome replication and transcription, and four structural proteins that build the core of the mature virion. Due to conservation across coronaviruses, nsps form a group of promising drug targets as their inhibition directly affects viral
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Structural impact of a new spike Y170W mutation detected in early emerging SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants in France Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Marie Glenet, Anne-Laure Lebreil, Yohan N'Guyen, Ittah Meyer, Stéphanie Baud, Laurent Andreoletti
To assess the genetic characteristics of the early emerging SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant strains, we retrospectively analyzed a collection of 150 nasopharyngeal samples taken from a series of outpatient cases tested positive by a referenced qRT-PCR assay during the reported period of Omicron variant emergence in December 2021, in northeastern region of France. Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) analysis
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Selective pressure mediated by influenza virus M158–66 epitope-specific CD8+T cells promotes accumulation of extra-epitopic amino acid substitutions associated with viral resistance to these T cells Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Janina M. Jansen, Robert Meineke, Antonia Molle, Carolien E. van de Sandt, Giulietta Saletti, Guus F. Rimmelzwaan
Influenza viruses are notorious for their capacity to evade host immunity. Not only can they evade recognition by virus-neutralizing antibodies, there is also evidence that they accumulate mutations in epitopes recognized by virus-specific CD8 cells. In addition, we have shown previously that human influenza A viruses were less well recognized than avian influenza viruses by CD8 cells directed to the
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Regulation mechanism of EBV-encoded EBER1 and LMP2A on YAP1 and the impact of YAP1 on the EBV infection status in EBV-associated gastric carcinoma Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Yujie Sun, Duo Shi, Jiting Sun, Yan Zhang, Wen Liu, Bing Luo
This study aims to explore the role and regulatory mechanism of Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) in the development of Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric cancer (EBVaGC). Here we showed that EBV can upregulate the expression and activity of YAP1 protein through its encoded latent products EBV-encoded small RNA 1 (EBER1) and latent membrane protein 2A (LMP2A), enhancing the malignant characteristics
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Molecular and biological characterization of a novel partitivirus from Talaromyces pinophilus Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Sidra Hassan, Urayama Syun-ichi, Saba Shabeer, Tahseen Ali Kiran, Chien-Fu Wu, Hiromitsu Moriyama, Robert H.A. Coutts, Ioly Kotta Loizou, Atif Jamal
spp. have a worldwide distribution, are ecologically diverse and have been isolated from numerous different substrates. spp. are considered biotechnologically important due to their ability to produce a range of enzymes and pigments. , belonging to genus and family , is known for producing several important bioactive metabolites. Here we report the isolation and characterisation of a partitivirus from
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Do bed bugs transmit human viruses, or do humans spread bed bugs and their viruses? A worldwide survey of the bed bug RNA virosphere Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Hunter K. Walt, Jonas G. King, Johnathan M. Sheele, Florencia Meyer, Jose E. Pietri, Federico G. Hoffmann
(Hemiptera: Cimicidae) are a globally distributed hematophagous pest that routinely feed on humans. Unlike many blood-sucking arthropods, they have never been linked to pathogen transmission in a natural setting, and despite increasing interest in their role as disease vectors, little is known about the viruses that bed bugs naturally harbor. Here, we present a global-scale survey of the bed bug RNA
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Interleukin-1β promotes human metapneumovirus replication via activating the cGAS-STING pathway Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Guojin Wu, Yueyan Zhang, Linlin Niu, Yuan Hu, Yuting Yang, Yao Zhao
Human metapneumovirus(hMPV) is one of the most common viruses that cause acute lower respiratory tract infections. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) has been reported to play an important role in multiple virus replication. Patients with hMPV infection have increased levels of IL-1β which reminds IL-1β is associated with hMPV infection. However, the mechanism by which IL-1β affects hMPV replication remains unclear
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Role of long non-coding RNA DLY6E in regulating TMUV infection Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Siming Zhu, Xin Chen, Dalin He, Meijuan Zhang, Xinhong Man, Yi Tang, Youxiang Diao
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is a type of RNA with a length greater than 200 nt and lacking coding ability. In recent years, a considerable number of lncRNAs have been found to have important functions. The lncRNA plays an important role in growth and development, body metabolism, immune function, and regulation of viral replication. A lncRNA, MSTRG8505.2, was screened and named lncRNA DLY6E, which
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Deletion of the B125R gene in the African swine fever virus SY18 strain leads to an A104R frameshift mutation slightly attenuating virulence in domestic pigs Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Rongnian Zhu, Ying Wang, Han Zhang, Jinjin Yang, Jiaqi Fan, Yanyan Zhang, Yu Wang, Qixuan Li, Xintao Zhou, Huixian Yue, Yu Qi, Shuchao Wang, Teng Chen, Shoufeng Zhang, Rongliang Hu
African swine fever (ASF), caused by the ASF virus (ASFV), is a hemorrhagic and fatal viral disease that affects Eurasian wild boars and domestic pigs, posing a substantial threat to the global pig breeding industry. ASFV, a double-stranded DNA virus, possesses a large genome containing up to 160 open reading frames, most of which exhibit unknown functions. The B125R gene of ASFV, located at the 105595–105972
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African swine fever virus early protein pI73R suppresses the type-I IFN promoter activities Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Danh Cong Lai, Jayeshbhai Chaudhari, Hiep L.X. Vu
African swine fever virus is known to suppress type-I interferon (IFN) responses. The main objective of this study was to screen early-expressed viral genes for their ability to suppress IFN production. Out of 16 early genes examined, I73R exhibited robust suppression of cGAS-STING-induced IFN-β promoter activities, impeding the function of both IRF3 and NF-κB transcription factors. As a result, I73R
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Recruitment of the 40S ribosomal subunit by the West Nile virus 3′ UTR promotes the cross-talk between the viral genomic ends for translation regulation Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Sara Esther Ramos-Lorente, Beatriz Berzal-Herranz, Cristina Romero-López, Alfredo Berzal-Herranz
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Exploring COVID-19 causal genes through disease-specific Cis-eQTLs Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-25 Sainan Zhang, Ping Wang, Lei Shi, Chao Wang, Zijun Zhu, Changlu Qi, Yubin Xie, Shuofeng Yuan, Liang Cheng, Xin Yin, Xue Zhang
Genome-wide association study (GWAS) analysis has exposed that genetic factors play important roles in COVID-19. Whereas a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanism of COVID-19 was hindered by the lack of expression of quantitative trait loci (eQTL) data specific for disease. To this end, we identified COVID-19-specific cis-eQTLs by integrating nucleotide sequence variations and RNA-Seq data
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Aichivirus A1 replicates in human intestinal epithelium and bronchial tissue: Lung–gut axis? Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Martin Jungbauer-Groznica, Konstantin Wiese, Irmgard Fischer, Jan Markus, Tsung-Hsien Chang, Irene Gösler, Heinrich Kowalski, Dieter Blaas, Antonio Real-Hohn
The role of aichivirus A1 (AiV-A1) in acute gastroenteritis remains controversial and in vitro data illustrating its pathogenesis in suitable human models are scarce. Here, we demonstrate that AiV-A1 isolate A846/88 replicates in ApoA1- (absorptive) and Ki-67-positive (proliferative) enterocytes in stem cell-derived human small intestinal epithelium (HIE) as well as in patient biopsy samples, but not
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Type I interferon pathway genetic variants in severe COVID-19 Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 A.F.L. Montenegro, M.A.F. Clementino, J.N.U. Yaochite
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), there have been over 760 million reported cases and over 6 million deaths caused by this disease worldwide. The severity of COVID-19 is based on symptoms presented by the patient and is divided as asymptomatic, mild, moderate, severe, and critical. The manifestations
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Systems genetics of influenza A virus-infected mice identifies TRIM21 as a critical regulator of pulmonary innate immune response Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-17 Zhuoyuan Alex Li, Akhilesh Kumar Bajpai, Ruixue Wang, Yaxin Liu, Richard J. Webby, Esther Wilk, Weikuan Gu, Klaus Schughart, Kui Li, Lu Lu
Tripartite motif 21 (TRIM21) is a cytosolic Fc receptor that targets antibody-bound, internalized pathogens for destruction. Apart from this intrinsic defense role, TRIM21 is implicated in autoimmune diseases, inflammation, and autophagy. Whether TRIM21 participates in host interactions with influenza A virus (IAV), however, is unknown. By computational modeling of body weight and lung transcriptome
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Transcriptomics of Marburg virus-infected primary proximal tubular cells reveals negative correlation of immune response and energy metabolism Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Benjamin Koch, Maximilian Filzmayer, Sammy Patyna, Nils Wetzstein, Sebastian Lampe, Tobias Schmid, Helmut Geiger, Patrick C. Baer, Olga Dolnik
Marburg virus, a member of the Filoviridae, is the causative agent of Marburg virus disease (MVD), a hemorrhagic fever with a case fatality rate of up to 90 %. Acute kidney injury is common in MVD and is associated with increased mortality, but its pathogenesis in MVD remains poorly understood. Interestingly, autopsies show the presence of viral proteins in different parts of the nephron, particularly
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Inhibition of EV71 replication by an interferon-stimulated gene product L3HYPDH Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Jian Liu, Logen Liu, Shinuan Zeng, Xiaobin Meng, Nanfeng Lei, Hai Yang, Runcai Li, Xin Mu, Xuemin Guo
Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is the common causative agent of hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD). Despite evidence in mice model suggested that the interferon (IFN) signaling pathways play a role in defending against this virus, knowledge on the IFN-mediated antiviral response is still limited. Here we identified an IFN-stimulated gene (ISG) called L3HYPDH, whose expression inhibits EV71 replication. Mapping
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Comprehensive phytohormone metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) infected by tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Yanping Liang, Jinfeng Wang, Xin Zhang, Kunming Li, Jun Su, Min Gui, Yongzhong Li, Yating Liu
Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is ranked among the top 10 most destructive viruses globally. It results in abnormal leaf growth, stunting, and even death, significantly affecting crop yield and quality. Phytohormones play a crucial role in regulating plant-virus interactions. However, there is still limited research on the effect of TSWV on phytohormone levels, particularly growth hormones and genes
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In vitro broad-spectrum antiviral activity of MIT-001, a mitochondria-targeted reactive oxygen species scavenger, against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and multiple zoonotic viruses Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Taehun Lim, Shivani Rajoriya, Bohyeon Kim, Augustine Natasha, Hyeonjoo Im, Hyun Soo Shim, Junsang Yoo, Jong Woo Kim, Eun-Woo Lee, Hye Jin Shin, Soon Ha Kim, Won-Keun Kim
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 becomes a serious threat to global health and requires the development of effective antiviral therapies. Current therapies that target viral proteins have limited efficacy with side effects. In this study, we investigated the antiviral activity of MIT-001, a small molecule reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger targeting mitochondria, against SARS-CoV-2 and
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Molecular insights on the coronavirus MERS-CoV interaction with the CD26 receptor Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-03 Hila Failayev, Assaf Ganoth, Yossi Tsfadia
The Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) is a severe respiratory disease with high fatality rates, caused by the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). The virus initiates infection by binding to the CD26 receptor (also known as dipeptidyl peptidase 4 or DPP4) via its spike protein. Although the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the viral spike protein and the complex between RBD
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PreS1BP mediates inhibition of Hepatitis B virus replication by promoting HBx protein degradation Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-30 Jun Wang, Xiaoxue Yuan, Yun Wang, Yu Zhang, Ming Han, Hongping Lu, Shunai Liu, Yang Zhang, Feilin Ge, Yan Liu, Jun Cheng
Background PreS1-binding protein (PreS1BP), recognized as a nucleolar protein and tumor suppressor, influences the replication of various viruses, including vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). Its role in hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication and the underlying mechanisms, however, remain elusive. Methods We investigated PreS1BP expression levels in an HBV-replicating
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Aged AG129 mice support the generation of highly virulent novel mouse-adapted DENV (1-4) viruses exhibiting neuropathogenesis and high lethality Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-31 Gazala Siddqui, Preeti Vishwakarma, Shikha Saxena, Varun Kumar, Sneh Bajpai, Amit Kumar, Satish Kumar, Ritika Khatri, Jaskaran Kaur, Sankar Bhattacharya, Shubbir Ahmed, Gulam Hussain Syed, Yashwant Kumar, Sweety Samal
Dengue virus infection in humans ranges from asymptomatic infection to severe infection, with ∼2.5 % overall disease fatality rate. Evidence of neurological manifestations is seen in the severe form of the disease, which might be due to the direct invasion of the viruses into the CNS system but is poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrated that the aged AG129 mice are highly susceptible to dengue
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A novel antigenic epitope identified on the accessory protein NS6 of porcine deltacoronavirus Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-27 Qiuge Liu, Jianxiao Wu, Na Gao, Xiaorong Zhang, Mingze Gao, Xin Zhang, Longjun Guo, Yang Wu, Da Shi, Hongyan Shi, Jianfei Chen, Li Feng
Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is a novel enteric coronavirus that can cause vomiting, watery diarrhea in pigs and the death of piglets. The open reading frame (ORF) 5 is one of the accessory genes in PDCoV genome and encodes an accessory protein NS6. To date, the function of NS6 is still unclear. In this study, the recombinant NS6 was successfully expressed in prokaryotic expression system and purified
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Identification of a novel linear B-cell epitope on the p30 protein of African swine fever virus using monoclonal antibodies Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-28 Panpan Tian, Zhuoya Sun, Mengxiang Wang, Jinxing Song, Junru Sun, Lei Zhou, Dawei Jiang, Angke Zhang, Yanan Wu, Gaiping Zhang
The outbreak of African Swine Fever (ASF) has caused huge economic losses to the pig industry. There are no safe and effective vaccines or diagnostics available. The p30 protein serves as a key target for the detection of ASFV antibodies and is an essential antigenic protein for early serological diagnosis. Here, the p30 protein was purified after being expressed in E. coli and its immunogenicity was
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Application of the zebrafish model in human viral research Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-24 Jie Liu, Xiaoyi Yuan, Chunxin Fan, Guangyong Ma
Viruses are a leading cause of infectious diseases. Well-developed animal models are valuable for understanding the immune responses to viral infections and the pathogenesis of viral diseases. Zebrafish is a commonly used small vertebrate model organism with strong reproductive ability, a short life cycle, and rapid embryonic development. Moreover, zebrafish and human genomes are highly similar; they
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Increased cAMP-PKA signaling pathway activation is involved in up-regulation of CTLA-4 expression in CD4+ T cells in acute SIVmac239-infected Chinese rhesus macaques Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-22 Ren-Rong Tian, Ben-Bo Liu, Ming-Liang Zhao, Yu-Jun Cai, Yong-Tang Zheng
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Rab5c promotes RSV and ADV replication by autophagy in respiratory epithelial cells Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-20 Xiuli Wang, Jing Cheng, Linchao Shen, Meixi Chen, Keran Sun, Jian Li, Miao Li, Cuiqing Ma, Lin Wei
Respiratory system diseases caused by respiratory viruses are common and exert tremendous pressure on global healthcare system. In our previous studies, we found that Long non-coding RNA NRAV (Lnc NRAV) and its target molecule Rab5c plays a significant role in respiratory virus infection. However, the mechanism by which Rab5c affects virus replication remains unclear. Rab5c, a protein mainly localized
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Divergent pathogenetic outcomes in BALB/c mice following Omicron subvariant infection Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-19 John M. Powers, Sarah R. Leist, Michael L. Mallory, Boyd L. Yount, Kendra L. Gully, Mark R. Zweigart, Alexis B. Bailey, Timothy P. Sheahan, Jack R. Harkema, Ralph S. Baric
Following the emergence of B.1.1.529 Omicron, the SARS-CoV-2 virus evolved into a significant number of sublineage variants that possessed numerous mutations throughout the genome, but particularly within the spike glycoprotein (S) gene. For example, the BQ.1.1 and the XBB.1 and XBB.1.5 subvariants contained 34 and 41 mutations in S, respectively. However, these variants elicited largely replication
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A computational exploration of global and temporal dynamics of selection pressure on HIV-1 Vif polymorphism Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-19 Md Sakil Arman, Md Zafrul Hasan
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Characterization and genomic analysis of a broad-spectrum lytic phage PG288: A potential natural therapy candidate for Vibrio infections Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-19 Chen Zhang, Xixi Li, Shen'ao Li, Han Yin, Zhe Zhao
Vibrio parahaemolyticus, an important zoonotic pathogen, can cause severe diseases and even death in aquatic animals and humans. As the widespread use of antibiotics gradually diminishes their effectiveness, phages, which can selectively lyse bacteria, are garnering increased attention as a valuable alternative antibacterial strategy. This study characterized PG288, a lytic phage utilizing V. parahaemolyticus
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The dynamic variation position and predominant quasispecies of hepatitis B virus: Novel predictors of early hepatocarcinoma Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-19 Chaojun Zhang, Sanchun An, Ruibo Lv, Kezhi Li, Haizhou Liu, Jilin Li, Yanping Tang, Zhengmin Cai, Tianren Huang, Long Long, Wei Deng
To find the predictors of early HCC based on the dynamic changes of HBV quasispecies, this study utilizing the second-generation sequencing (NGS) and high-order multiplex droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) technology to examine the HBV quasispecies in serum of total 247 subjects recruited from high-incidence area of HCC. In the discovery stage, 15 non-synonymous Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) with
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Genomic characterization of Rocahepevirus ratti hepatitis E virus genotype C1 in Yunnan province of China Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-18 Han Wu, Bingzhe Li, Bowen Yu, Linjie Hu, Lu Zhou, Jiaxiang Yin, Yihan Lu
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Mechanisms of antiviral action and toxicities of ipecac alkaloids: Emetine and dehydroemetine exhibit anti-coronaviral activities at non-cardiotoxic concentrations Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-19 Viktoriya S. Sidorenko, Ira Cohen, Kunchok Dorjee, Conceição A. Minetti, David P. Remeta, Junyuan Gao, Irina Potapova, Hong Zhan Wang, Janet Hearing, Wan-Yi Yen, Hwan Keun Kim, Keiji Hashimoto, Masaaki Moriya, Kathleen G. Dickman, Xingyu Yin, Miguel Garcia-Diaz, Rajesh Chennamshetti, Radha Bonala, Francis Johnson, Amanda L. Waldeck, Thomas A. Rosenquist
The emergence of highly infectious pathogens with their potential for triggering global pandemics necessitate the development of effective treatment strategies, including broad-spectrum antiviral therapies to safeguard human health. This study investigates the antiviral activity of emetine, dehydroemetine (DHE), and congeneric compounds against SARS-CoV-2 and HCoV-OC43, and evaluates their impact on
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Oropouche virus: A neglected global arboviral threat Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-16 Yuli Zhang, Xiao Liu, Zhen Wu, Shuo Feng, Ke Lu, Wenbing Zhu, Hengyi Sun, Guoyu Niu
The Oropouche virus is an important arthropod-borne virus in the Peribunyaviridae family that can cause febrile illnesses, and it is widely distributed in tropical regions such as Central and South America. Since the virus was first identified, a large number of related cases are reported every year. No deaths have been reported to date, however, the virus can cause systemic infections, including the
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Sulforaphane effectively inhibits HBV by altering Treg/Th17 immune balance and the MIF-macrophages polarizing axis in vitro and in vivo Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-13 Ruqing Xu, Yue Wu, Xia Xiang, Xiaoqin Lv, Miao He, Chang Xu, Guoqi Lai, Tingxiu Xiang
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Harnessing CRISPR technology for viral therapeutics and vaccines: from preclinical studies to clinical applications Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-12 Farzaneh Zahedipour, Fatemeh Zahedipour, Parvin Zamani, Mahmoud Reza Jaafari, Amirhossein Sahebkar
The CRISPR/Cas system, identified as a type of bacterial adaptive immune system, have attracted significant attention due to its remarkable ability to precisely detect and eliminate foreign genetic material and nucleic acids. Expanding upon these inherent capabilities, recent investigations have unveiled the potential of reprogrammed CRISPR/Cas 9, 12, and 13 systems for treating viral infections associated
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Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells are not susceptible in vitro to SARS-CoV-2 infection but accumulate into the lungs of COVID-19 patients Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-13 Xiaobo Huang, Jonas Kantonen, Kirsten Nowlan, Ngoc Anh Nguyen, Suvi T. Jokiranta, Suvi Kuivanen, Nelli Heikkilä, Shamita Mahzabin, Anu Kantele, Olli Vapalahti, Liisa Myllykangas, Santtu Heinonen, Mikko I. Mäyränpää, Tomas Strandin, Eliisa Kekäläinen
Prolonged T cell lymphopenia is common in COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2. While the mechanisms of lymphopenia during COVID-19 remain elusive, it is especially pronounced in a specialized innate-like T cell population called Mucosal Associated Invariant T cells (MAITs). MAITs has been suggested to express Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2), which is the well-known cellular receptor for SARS-CoV-2
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A panel of hepatitis C virus glycoproteins for the characterization of antibody responses using antibodies with diverse recognition and neutralization patterns Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-11 Ana Chumbe, Marloes Grobben, Joan Capella-Pujol, Sylvie M. Koekkoek, Ian Zon, Stefan Slamanig, Sabrina J. Merat, Tim Beaumont, Kwinten Sliepen, Janke Schinkel, Marit J. van Gils
A vaccine against Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is urgently needed to limit the spread of HCV. The large antigenic diversity of the HCV glycoprotein E1E2 makes it difficult to design a vaccine but also to fully understand the antibody response after infection or vaccination. Here we designed a panel of HCV pseudoparticles (HCVpps) that cover a wide range of genetically and antigenically diverse E1E2s. We
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Molecular epidemiology to aid virtual elimination of HIV transmission in Australia Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-11 Billal M. Obeng, Anthony D. Kelleher, Francesca Di Giallonardo
The Global UNAIDS 95/95/95 targets aim to increase the percentage of persons who know their HIV status, receive antiretroviral therapy, and have achieved viral suppression. Achieving these targets requires efforts to improve the public health response to increase access to care for those living with HIV, identify those yet undiagnosed with HIV early, and increase access to prevention for those most
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Temporal cytokine storm dynamics in dengue infection predicts severity Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-06 Puneet Bhatt, Muralidhar Varma, Vikas Sood, Anoop Ambikan, Anup Jayaram, Naren Babu, Soham Gupta, Chiranjay Mukhopadhyay, Ujjwal Neogi
The immunopathogenesis of dengue severity is convoluted. The primary objective of the research was to examine the dynamics of cytokine storm and its correlation with disease development in individuals affected by DENV infection. Additionally, the study aimed to discover potential biomarkers that could indicate severe dengue infection and determine the most suitable timeframe for predicting the severity
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The effect of 5′ and 3′ non-translated regions on the expression of a transgene from a Newcastle disease virus vector Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-06 Ishita Roy Chowdhury, Ekaterina Viktorova, Siba K. Samal, George A. Belov
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is an avian virus and a promising vector for the development of vaccines for veterinary and human use. The optimal vaccine vector performance requires a stable high-level expression of a transgene. The foreign genes are usually incorporated in the genome of NDV as individual transcription units, whose transcription and subsequent translation of the mRNA are regulated by
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Propidium monoazide PCR, a method to determine OsHV-1 undamaged capsids and to estimate virus Lethal Dose 50 Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-04 Tristan Renault, Nicole Faury, Benjamin Morga
Ostreid herpes virus 1 (OsHV-1) has been classified within the Malacoherpesviridae family from the Herpesvirales order. OsHV-1 is the etiological agent of a contagious viral disease of Pacific oysters, C. gigas, affecting also other bivalve species. Mortality rates reported associated with the viral infection vary considerably between sites and countries and depend on the age of affected stocks. A
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The avian influenza A virus receptor SA-α2,3-Gal is expressed in the porcine nasal mucosa sustaining the pig as a mixing vessel for new influenza viruses Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-03 Charlotte Kristensen, Lars E. Larsen, Ramona Trebbien, Henrik E. Jensen
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Determination of the minimum infective dose of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) in juvenile olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus using an immersion challenge model Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2023-12-29 Su-Young Yoon, Yo-Seb Jang, Soo-Jin Kim, Rahul Krishnan, Myung-Joo Oh
Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) affects over 80 fish species, leading to viral hemorrhagic septicemia (VHS). Horizontal VHSV transmission is widely studied, with researchers utilizing various doses to establish infection models. Infected hosts shed the virus into the environment, elevating the risk of transmission to naïve fish within the same system. This study aimed to ascertain the minimum
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Inhibition of porcine deltacoronavirus entry and replication by Cepharanthine Virus Res. (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2023-12-30 Yumei Sun, Zhongzhu Liu, Shiyi Shen, Mengjia Zhang, Lina Liu, Ahmed H Ghonaim, Yongtao Li, Shujun Zhang, Wentao Li