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Comparison of fungemia caused by Candida and non-Candida rare yeasts: a retrospective study from a tertiary care hospital Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-15 Yasemin Oz, Mustafa Yılmaz, Tuba Bulduk, Mehmet Basayigit, Eren Gunduz, Selma Metintas
Although Candida species are the most common cause of fungemia, non-Candida rare yeasts (NCY) have been increasingly reported worldwide. Although the importance of these yeast infections is recognized, current epidemiological information about these pathogens is limited and they have variable antifungal susceptibility profiles. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics for fungemia
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Evaluation of Interleukin-8 Levels in the Diagnosis of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Patients With Haematological Malignancies Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-09 Levent Şensoy, Aynur Atilla, Yusuf Taha Güllü, Demet Gür Vural, Mehmet Turgut, Şaban Esen, Esra Tanyel
This study aimed to determine the level of IL-8 in diagnosing of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA). We conducted this study with 50 controls and 25 IPA patients with haematological malignancies. Demographic data, hematological diagnoses, chemotherapy regimen, galactomannan level, fungal culture, and computed tomography findings of the patients were evaluated prospectively. IL-8 levels were studied
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Comparison of Candida colonization in intensive care unit patients with and without COVID-19: First prospective cohort study from Turkey Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Ilvana Çaklovica Küçükkaya, Günseli Orhun, Arif Atahan Çağatay, Sadık Kalaycı, Figen Esen, Fikrettin Şahin, Ali Ağaçfidan, Zayre Erturan
Candida species are the primary cause of fungal infections in intensive care units (ICUs). Despite the increasing prevalence of Candida-related infections, monitoring the progression of these infections from colonization in COVID-19 ICU patients lacks sufficient information. This study aims prospectively to compare 62 COVID-19 and 60 non-COVID-19 ICU patients from admission to discharge in terms of
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Aflatoxin Profiles of Aspergillus flavus Isolates in Sudanese Fungal Rhinosinusitis Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Shaoqin Zhou, Mawahib A I Ismail, Vishukumar Aimanianda, G Sybren de Hoog, Yingqian Kang, Sarah A Ahmed
Aspergillus flavus is a commonly encountered pathogen responsible for fungal rhinosinusitis (FRS) in arid regions. The species is known to produce aflatoxins, posing a significant risk to human health. This study aimed to investigate the aflatoxin profiles of A. flavus isolates causing FRS in Sudan. A total of 93 clinical and 34 environmental A. flavus isolates were studied. Aflatoxin profiles were
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Prospective and systematic screening for invasive aspergillosis in the ICU during the COVID-19 pandemic, a proof of principle for future pandemics Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Rebecca van Grootveld, Judith van Paassen, Eric C J Claas, Laura Heerdink, Ed J Kuijper, Mark G J de Boer, Martha T van der Beek
The diagnostic performance of a prospective, systematic screening strategy for COVID-19 associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) during the COVID-19 pandemic was investigated. Patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU were screened for CAPA twice weekly by collection of tracheal aspirate (TA) for Aspergillus culture and PCR. Subsequently, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) sampling was performed in patients
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Comparison of the antifungal activity of the pyrimidine analogs flucytosine and carmofur against human-pathogenic dematiaceous fungi Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Rowena Alves Coelho, Fernando Almeida-Silva, Maria Helena Galdino Figueiredo-Carvalho, Vanessa Brito de Souza Rabello, Gabriela Rodrigues de Souza, Maria Cristina da Silva Lourenço, Marcio L Rodrigues, Rodrigo Almeida-Paes
Chromoblastomycosis (CBM) and pheohyphomycosis (PHM) are the most common implantation mycoses caused by dematiaceous fungi. In the past, flucytosine (5-FC) has been used to treat CBM, but development of resistance is common. Carmofur belongs to the same class as 5-FC and has in vitro inhibitory activity against the main agents of CBM and PHM. The aim of this study was to compare the action of these
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COVID -19 associated candidemia: from a shift in fungal epidemiology to a rise in azole drug resistance Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Mohammad Javad Najafzadeh, Tahmineh Shaban, Hossein Zarrinfar, Alireza Sedaghat, Neginsadat Hosseinikargar, Fariba Berenji, Mahsa Jalali, Michaela Lackner, Jasper Elvin James, Macit Ilkit, Cornelia Lass-Flörl
Our understanding of fungal epidemiology and the burden of antifungal drug resistance in COVID-19-associated candidemia (CAC) patients is limited. Therefore, we conducted a retrospective multicenter study in Iran to explore clinical and microbiological profiles of CAC patients. Yeast isolated from blood, were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry
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Detection and genotyping of zoonotic microsporidia in the endangered Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus) Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Gabriel Ávalos, Javier Caballero-Gómez, Pablo Matas-Méndez, Sabrina Castro-Scholten, Débora Jiménez-Martín, Pamela C Köster, Mónica Santín, Begoña Bailo, David Cano-Terriza, David González-Barrio, Marta Mateo, Ignacio García-Bocanegra, Alejandro Dashti, Fernando Nájera, David Carmena
Microsporidia is a diverse group of obligate, intracellular and spore-forming parasites that infect a wide range of animals. Among them, Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Encephalitozoon spp. are the most frequently reported species in humans. Limited information is available about the presence and molecular diversity of microsporidian species in the endangered Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus). Presence of Enterocytozoon
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Isolation of azole-resistant Aspergillus spp. from food products Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Satomi Uehara, Yumi Takahashi, Keiko Iwakoshi, Yukari Nishino, Kotono Wada, Asuka Ono, Daisuke Hagiwara, Takashi Chiba, Keiko Yokoyama, Kenji Sadamasu
The prevalence of azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus is increasing worldwide and is speculated to be related to the use of azole pesticides. Aspergillus spp., the causative agent of aspergillosis, could be brought into domestic dwellings through food. However, studies on azole-resistant Aspergillus spp. in food products are limited. Therefore, we aimed to isolate Aspergillus spp. from processed
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Revealing the hidden interplay: the unexplored relationship between fungi and viruses beyond HIV, SARS-CoV-2 and influenza Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Théo Ghelfenstein-Ferreira, Alexandra Serris, Maud Salmona, Fanny Lanternier, Alexandre Alanio
The complex interaction between viruses and fungi has profound implications, especially given the significant impact of these microorganisms on human health. While well-known examples such as HIV, influenza and SARS-CoV-2 are recognized as risk factors for invasive fungal diseases (IFD), the relationship between viruses and fungi remains largely underexplored outside of these cases. Fungi and viruses
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MiR-150 levels are related to in-hospital mortality in non-HIV Pneumocystis pneumonia patients Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Chao Zhang, Han Sun, Qian- Yu Zhang, Zhao-Hui Tong
Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a common opportunistic infection that occurs in immunocompromised patients. Compared with HIV patients, PCP in non-HIV patients tends to follow up a more urgent course and poorer prognosis. Therefore, markers that could predict survival of PCP patients in non-HIV population are of great value. MiRNA-150 has been widely studied in many diseases since it has been identified
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Epidemiology of coccidioidomycosis in Argentina, an update Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Mariana Noelia Viale, María Cecilia López-Joffre, Andrea Nora Motter, Patricia Evangelina Mansilla, Flavia Gisele Vivot, Facundo Manuel Muise Acevedo, Viviana del Valle David, Silvia Guadalupe Carrizo, Julián Serrano, Yone Chacón, Patricia Carola Miranda, Christian Alvarez, María Sofía Colombres, Fernando Riera, Florencia Dávalos, Norma Fernández, Analía Fernández, Gladys Posse, Laura Fraenza, Alejandrina
The National Reference Laboratory in Clinical Mycology of Argentina conducted a retrospective review of human coccidioidomycosis cases diagnosed by the National Mycology Laboratory Network of Argentina between 2010 and 2022 to determine the burden of the disease in the country. A total of 100 human coccidioidomycosis cases were documented, with a higher prevalence in male patients (male-to-female ratio
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Histoplasma antigens as novel players for the development of new enzyme immunoassays for the serodiagnosis of histoplasmosis: a comparative study of their analytical performance Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Carolina Rodríguez Laboccetta, Víctor J Briceño Fernández, Agustín Videla Garrido, Gladys B Posse, María L Cuestas, Alejandro D Nusblat
Definitive diagnosis of histoplasmosis relies on culture and/or cytology/histopathology; however, these procedures have limited sensitivity and cultures are time-consuming. Antibodies detection by immunodiffusion has low sensitivity in immunocompromised individuals and uses histoplasmin (HMN), a crude antigenic extract, as reagent. Novel protein antigen candidates have been recently identified and
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Evaluation of the drug-drug interaction between triazole antifungals and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator modulators in a real-life cohort Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Anouk M E Jansen, Margot N Eggermont, Erik B Wilms, Sami Aziz, Monique Reijers, Jolt Roukema, Adilia Warris, Roger J M Brüggemann, Renske van der Meer
Limited data on the clinical management of drug-drug interactions between triazoles and Cystic Fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulators are available. We retrospectively evaluated azole target attainment and dose adaptations in patients from two Dutch CF centres concomitantly receiving triazoles and CFTR modulators. In total, 21 patients with 59 triazole trough concentrations
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Real-time monitoring of mycelial growth in liquid culture using hyphal dispersion mutant of Aspergillus fumigatus Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-02 Ken Miyazawa, Takashi Umeyama, Shogo Takatsuka, Yasunori Muraosa, Yasutaka Hoshino, Shigekazu Yano, Keietsu Abe, Yoshitsugu Miyazaki
Hyphal pellet formation by Aspergillus species in liquid cultures is one of the main obstacles to high-throughput anti-Aspergillus reagent screening. We previously constructed a hyphal dispersion mutant of Aspergillus fumigatus by disrupting the genes encoding the primary cell wall α-1,3-glucan synthase Ags1 and putative galactosaminogalactan synthase Gtb3 (Δags1Δgtb3). Mycelial growth of the mutant
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Identification of C. auris clade 5 isolates using claID Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Aswathy Narayanan, Pavitra Selvakumar, Rahul Siddharthan, Kaustuv Sanyal
Candida auris poses threats to the global medical community due to its multidrug resistance, ability to cause nosocomial outbreaks and resistance to common sterilization agents. Different variants that emerged at different geographical zones were classified as clades. Clade-typing becomes necessary to track its spread, possible emergence of new clades, and to predict the properties that exhibit a clade-bias
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Full title: Molecular detection of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in bats from Portugal Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Andreia V S Cruz, Pedro Lopez-López, Sérgio Santos-Silva, Antonio Rivero-Juárez, Hugo Rebelo, João R Mesquita
Enterocytozoon bieneusi is a microsporidia commonly found in the gastrointestinal tract of humans and a wide range of other animals, constituting a major cause of microsporidiosis in humans. Although E. bieneusi has been detected in humans, domestic, and wild animals in Portugal, and its presence in bats has been linked to zoonotic characteristics, its occurrence in bats within the country has not
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Safety of Fluconazole in Kidney Transplant Recipients for Prevention of Coccidioidomycosis Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Laya Reddy, George R Thompson, Natascha Tuznik, Tina A Zolfaghari, Joy Vongspanich Dray, Janneca Ames, Daniel Ho, Scott Crabtree, Jeffrey Fine, Machelle D Wilson, Muna Alnimri, Stuart H Cohen, Alan Koff
Coccidioides is an endemic fungus which causes infections ranging from mild respiratory illness to life-threatening disease, and immunocompromised hosts such as solid organ transplant recipients are at higher risk for disseminated infection and mortality. Our center administers fluconazole prophylaxis to kidney transplant recipients residing in geographic areas with higher incidences of coccidioidomycosis
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Physical impediment to sodium houttuyfonate conversely reinforces β-glucan exposure stimulated innate immune response to Candida albicans Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Qirui Wang, Zixu Wang, Chen Xu, Daqiang Wu, Tianming Wang, Changzhong Wang, Jing Shao
Candida albicans is a dimorphic opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromised individuals. We have previously demonstrated that Sodium houttuyfonate (SH), a derivative of medicinal herb Houttuynia cordata Thunb, was effective for antifungal purpose. However, the physical impediment of SH by C. albicans β-glucan may weaken the antifungal activity of SH. In this study, the interactions of SH with cell
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Molecular epidemiology of Candida africana isolates collected from vagina swabs in French Guiana Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Jeanne Bigot, Yasmine Kalboussi, Yannick Bonkoto Nkoy, Alexis Benmostefa, Sandra Vellaissamy, Laurent Benzerara, Vincent Sainte-Rose, Denis Blanchet, Magalie Demar, Juliette Guitard, Christophe Hennequin
Previous molecular studies have shown that Candida africana corresponds to the clade 13 of Candia albicans. It has been mostly involved in vulvovaginal candidiasis worldwide but few data exist in South America. The aim of our study was to investigate the prevalence of C. africana in women living in French Guiana. For this, we first set up a fluorescent-intercalating-dye-real time PCR targeting the
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Diverse Spectrum of Mycoses Histologically Diagnosed in Ghana: Insights from a 10-Year Retrospective Study Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Bright Katey Ocansey, Isaac Joe Erskine, Leonard Okine, Daniel Potakey, Prince Pappoe-Ashong, Isaac Sraku, Solomon Edward Quayson, Japheth Awuletey Opintan, Chris Kosmidis, David Wemyss Denning
In Ghana, most laboratory diagnosis of severe mycoses are based on histopathology findings due to inadequate availability of serology, culture, and molecular tests. The aim of this study was to evaluate the spectrum of mycoses diagnosed in Ghana. We retrospectively reviewed reports from 2012 to 2021 from three major pathology laboratories in Ghana to identify reports indicating the presence of fungal
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Fusariosis in burn patients: a systematic review of case reports Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Paola Piccoli, Fabíola Lucini, Abdullah M S Al-Hatmi, Luana Rossato
Burns can cause skin damage, facilitating the entry of fungi and other microorganisms into the body, leading to infections. Fusarium is a fungus capable of infecting individuals with burn injuries. Diagnosing and treating Fusarium infections in burn patients can be challenging due to the manifestation of nonspecific symptoms. This study aims to investigate case reports and case series from published
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Whole genome characterization of Trichophyton indotineae isolated in Singapore Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-17 Jeanette W P Teo, Janet W S Cheng, Chew Ka Lip, Raymond T P Lin
Complete genome sequences from two Trichophyton indotineae isolates were obtained from a 23-year-old male presenting with tinea cruris after an overseas recreational water exposure and from a 53-year-old female patient with unknown travel history. Analysis of the squalene epoxidase gene and the cyp51 gene family showed an absence of mutations, correlating with phenotypic drug susceptibility. The Single
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Rapid detection of Mucorales in human blood and urine samples by functionalized Heusler magnetic nanoparticle assisted customized loop-mediated isothermal amplification Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Rahul Roy, Gagandeep Singh, Ujjwal Ranjan Dahiya, Mragnayani Pandey, Immaculata Xess, Dinesh Kalyanasundaram
Mucormycosis is a rare disease with scarce diagnostic methods for early intervention. Available strategies employing direct microscopy using calcofluor white-KOH, culture, radiologic, and histopathologic testing often are time-intensive and demand intricate protocols. Nucleic Acid Amplification Test holds promise due to its high sensitivity combined with rapid detection. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification
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Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and Th-2 dominant immune responses in chronic granulomatous chromobalstomycosis Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-06 Huan Huang, Minying Li, Mingfen Luo, Jinjin Zheng, Qian Li, Xiaoyue Wang, Yinghui Liu, Dongmei Li, Liyan Xi, Hongfang Liu
Chromoblastomycosis (CBM), a chronic, granulomatous, suppurative mycosis of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, is caused by several dematiaceous fungi. The formation of granulomas, tissue proliferation, and fibrosis in response to these pathogenic fungi is believed to be intricately linked to host immunity. To understand this complex interaction, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of immune cell
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Molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of vaginal Candida glabrata isolates in Namibia Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-03 Cara M Dunaiski, Marleen M Kock, Wai Yin Chan, Arshad Ismail, Remco P H Peters
Candida glabrata is the most common non-albicans Candida species that causes vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). Given the intrinsically low susceptibility of C. glabrata to azole drugs, investigations into C. glabrata prevalence, fungal susceptibility profile, and molecular epidemiology are necessary to optimise the treatment of VVC. This molecular epidemiological study was conducted to determine antifungal
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A novel model for predicting deep-seated candidiasis due to Candida glabrata among cancer patients: a six-year study in a cancer center of China Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-02 Ding Li, Lin Wang, Zhihong Zhao, Changsen Bai, Xichuan Li
Followed by C. albicans, C. glabrata ranks as the second major species contributing to invasive candidiasis. Given the higher medical burden and lower susceptibility to azoles in C. glabrata infections, identifying these infections is critical. From 2016 to 2021, patients with deep-seated candidiasis due to C. glabrata and non-glabrata Candida met the criteria to be enrolled in the study. Clinical
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Molecular typing and antifungal susceptibility profile of Candida krusei bloodstream isolates from Türkiye Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Ayşe Sultan Karakoyun, Bram Spruijtenburg, Nevzat Unal, Eelco F J Meijer, Mete Sucu, Süleyha Hilmioğlu-Polat, Jacques F Meis, Theun de Groot, Macit Ilkit
Candida krusei also known as Pichia kudriavzevii is a potentially multidrug-resistant yeast because it is intrinsically resistant to fluconazole and develops acquired resistance to echinocandins and polyenes. Here, we aim to provide a better understanding of the epidemiology and transmission modes of C. krusei infections by comparing invasive bloodstream (n = 35) and non-invasive vaginal (n = 20) C
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Performance of Mucorales spp. qPCR in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for the diagnosis of pulmonary mucormycosis Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Xavier Brousse, Sébastien Imbert, Nahéma Issa, Edouard Forcade, Maxime Faure, Jeremy Chambord, Hanta Ramaroson, Hannah Kaminski, Pierre-Yves Dumas, Elodie Blanchard
To estimate the diagnostic performance of Mucorales PCR in Bronchoalveolar fluid (BALF) in routine practice. This was a single-center retrospective study including all consecutive patients > 18 years who underwent Mucorales PCR assay in BALF between January 2021 and May 2022. Index testing was prospectively performed using the MycoGENIE Aspergillus spp. - Mucorales spp. PCR. The reference was the diagnosis
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Is milbemycin a game changer against antifungal drug-resistant mycoses? Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Rui Kano, Tsuyoshi Yamada, Takashi Tamura, Koichi Makimura
Milbemycin oximes are macrocyclic lactones that have a broad spectrum of activity against nematode infection in animals. They are known to block drug efflux, which increases the susceptibility of fungi to azoles. We investigated the effects of milbemycin on the azole susceptibility of fungi (Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, Candida auris, Cryptococcus neoformans, and Trichophyton rubrum). To
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Deep cutaneous mycoses in kidney transplant recipients: diagnostic and therapeutic challenges Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-17 Chloé Bertin, Emilie Sitterlé, Anne Scemla, Sylvie Fraitag, Sarah Delliere, Sarah Guegan, Dea Garcia Hermoso, Stéphanie Leclerc-Mercier, Claire Rouzaud, Fanny Lanternier, Marie-Elisabeth Bougnoux
Deep cutaneous mycoses (DCMs) are rare infections that extend throughout the dermis and subcutis, often occurring after inoculation with pathogenic fungi. Trends toward a growing incidence have been observed that may be partially related to an increasing population of solid organ transplant patients. The aim of this study is to describe the diagnostic and the outcomes of DCM among kidney transplant
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Detection of Blastomyces gilchristii via metagenomic sequencing in outbreak-associated soils Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-04 Alexandra M Linz, Jennifer L Anderson, Jennifer K Meece
Cases of Blastomycosis, a serious fungal disease globally rare but endemic to North America, can appear both sporadically and in outbreaks. Tracing these outbreaks to their environment has traditionally used culturing and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Here, we present our method for metagenomic detection of Blastomyces in a 2015 outbreak soil sample from central Wisconsin. By sequencing this sample
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Evaluation of the mannan antigen assay in neonates with or without Candida albicans colonization Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-02 Vasiliki Bourika, Tania Siahanidou, Kalliopi Theodoridou, Athanasios Tsakris, Georgia Vrioni, Athanasios Michos
Mannan antigen (MA) in neonates as a marker of invasive candidemia is not well studied, although 4% of all neonatal intensive care unit admissions are attributed to Candida spp. infections. The aim of this case-control study was to evaluate the performance of MA(Platelia™ Candida AgPluskit, Bio-Rad) in neonates who had rectal Candida colonization or in non-colonized controls. We cultured 340 rectal
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The Nairobi Declaration 2023: A Commitment to Address Deadly Yet Neglected Fungal Diseases in Africa Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2023-12-29 Iriagbonse I Osaigbovo, Nelesh P Govender, Alexander M Jordan, Felix Bongomin, David B Meya, Alice Kanyua, Olga M Mashedi, David Koffi, Angela Loyse, Aude Sturny-Leclère, Jean-Pierre Gangneux, David W Denning, Tom Chiller, Oliver Cornely, Rita O Oladele
On May 30th and 31st, 2023, delegates representing various African subregions, together with global representatives from the International Society of Human and Animal Mycology (ISHAM), European Confederation of Medical Mycology (ECMM,) United States Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Global Action for Fungal Infections (GAFFI), convened in Nairobi, Kenya under the aegis of the Pan
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Nosocomial transmission of Aspergillus flavus in a neonatal intensive care unit: long term persistence in environment and interest of MALDI-ToF Mass-Spectrometry coupled with Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for rapid clone recognition Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2023-12-24 Noshine Mohammad, Huguenin Antoine, Annick Lefebvre, Laura Menvielle, Dominique Toubas, Stéphane Ranque, Isabelle Villena, Xavier Tannier, Anne-Cécile Normand, Renaud Piarroux
Aspergillosis of the new-born remains a rare but severe disease. We report four cases of primary cutaneous A. flavus infections in premature new-borns linked to incubators contamination by putative clonal strains. Our objective was to evaluate the ability of MALDI-TOF coupled to Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for clone recognition in a context where only a very small number of strains are available
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The Dog as a Sentinel and Animal Model for Coccidioidomycosis Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2023-12-23 Adam J Ferguson, George R Thompson, David Bruyette, Jane E Sykes
Coccidioidomycosis is a potentially fatal fungal disease of humans and animals that follows inhalation of Coccidioides spp. arthroconidia in the environment. The disease in dogs resembles that in people, and because dogs may be at increased risk of exposure due to their proximity to the ground and digging behavior, they are valuable models for the disease in humans. Dogs have been sentinels for identification
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Predicting Intracranial Involvement: Unveiling Perineural Spread in COVID-19-Associated Mucormycosis, a Novel Phenomenon Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2023-12-22 Nidhin Das K, Vidhu Sharma, Diksha Gupta, Sarbesh Tiwari, Poonam Elhence, Vidhi Jain, Kapil Soni, Amit Goyal
This study aimed to investigate the risk factors associated with intracranial involvement in COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM) and to develop a nomogram model for predicting the risk of intracranial involvement, with a specific focus on perineural spread. An ambispective analysis was conducted on 275 CAM patients who received comprehensive treatment. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression
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The incidences and clinical outcomes of cryptococcosis in Taiwan: a nationwide, population-based study, 2002-2015 Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2023-12-21 Shang-Ting Guan, Yu-Shan Huang, Shih-Tsung Huang, Fei-Yuan Hsiao, Yee-Chun Chen
Large-scale epidemiological data on cryptococcosis other than cryptococcal meningitis (CM), HIV- or solid organ transplantation (SOT)-associated cryptococcosis are limited. This study investigated the disease burden of cryptococcosis in Taiwan over 14 years. Incident episodes of cryptococcosis, comorbidities, treatment, and outcomes were captured from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database
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Review of treatment options for a multi-drug resistant fungus: Candida auris Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Siqi Wang, Jiangwei Pan, Liting Gu, Wei Wang, Bin Wei, Huawei Zhang, Jianwei Chen, Hong Wang
Candida auris is a widely distributed, highly lethal, multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen. It was first identified in 2009 when it was isolated from fluid drained from the external ear canal of a patient in Japan. Since then, it has caused infectious outbreaks in over 45 countries, with mortality rates approaching 60%. Drug resistance is common in this species, with a large proportion of isolates displaying
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Comparative investigations into the growth details of Histoplasma capsulatum var farciminosum on four different agar media Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Ulrich Wernery, Marina Joseph, Sunitha Joseph, Fatma Al Mheiri
Epizootic equine lymphangitis (EEL) is a chronic fungal disease that affects equids. The causative agent is a dimorphic fungus called Histoplasma capsulatum var farciminosum. H. capsulatum var farciminosum field strain 7 (D 2878/2023) isolated from the eye socket of an EEL Ethiopian horse was sub-cultured on 4 different solid media and incubated at 26°C and 37°C for 6 weeks. Details of growth morphology
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Comparison of Coccidioidal Complement Fixation and Quantitative Immunodiffusion Serology at a Reference Laboratory Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Allen W Bryan, Jane Sykes, Kelly Crucillo, Kaihua Zhang, Derek J Bays, Stuart H Cohen, Machelle D Wilson, George R Thompson
The incidence of coccidioidomycosis continues to increase. The diagnosis frequently relies on non-invasive diagnostic testing with immunodiffusion and complement fixation (CF) testing the current gold-standard. A direct comparison of quantitative immunodiffusion and CF for IgG antibodies has not been previously reported. In a comparison of 368 samples, there was close concordance observed (360/368
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Bibliometric Analysis and Thematic Review of Candida Pathogenesis: Fundamental Omics to Applications as Potential Antifungal Drugs and Vaccines Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Si Jie Lim, Noor Dina Muhd Noor, Suriana Sabri, Mohd Shukuri Mohamad Ali, Abu Bakar Salleh, Siti Nurbaya Oslan
Invasive candidiasis caused by the pathogenic Candida yeast species has resulted in elevating global mortality. The pathogenicity of Candida spp. is not only originated from its primary invasive yeast-to-hyphal transition; virulence factors (transcription factors, adhesins, invasins, and enzymes), biofilm, antifungal drug resistance, stress tolerance, and metabolic adaptation have also contributed
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The Billirud Mill Blastomycosis Outbreak: Comparison to Historical Controls Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2023-12-06 Robert S Van Howe
A large outbreak of blastomycosis among paper mill workers in Escanaba, Michigan began with the first cases reported on February 28, 2023 and expanded to 120 cases. Analysis of baseline regional data and the data collected during this unprecedented outbreak provide insight on the outbreak's unique characteristics. The Michigan Disease Surveillance System provided descriptive and outcome data on blastomycosis
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Fusariosis in Mexico: A 10-year retrospective series. Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Armando Barragán-Reyes,Luis Esaú López Jácome,Diana Perales-Martínez,Alejandra Nava-Ruiz,María de Lourdes García Hernández,Patricia Cornejo-Juárez,Joaquín Rincón-Zuno,Adrián Camacho,Rafael Franco Cendejas,José M Feliciano Guzmán,Norma E Rivera-Martínez,Diego Ontañón-Zurita,Jesús Reséndiz-Sánchez,Eva Juárez-Hernández,Daniel Aguilar-Zapata
Fusarium species represent an opportunistic fungal pathogen. The data in Mexico about Fusarium infections in humans are scarce. Here, we present a retrospective series of patients with a confirmed diagnosis of fusariosis in eight different hospitals in Mexico from January 2010 to December 2019. The diagnosis of proven fusariosis was made according to the European Organization for Research and Treatment
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Clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcome of low-risk non-HIV associated cryptococcal meningitis: a retrospective cohort study Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-30 Junyu Liu, Ruiqi Dong, Hongya Zhang, Shiqi Yao, Jia Liu, Lu Yang, Liuxu Fan, Xiaohong Su, Anni Wang, Zhihui Su, Ngai Iok Keng, Kai Dai, Ying Jiang, Fuhua Peng
Although non-HIV associated cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is a severe disease, there are still some non-HIV CM patients with a low risk of therapeutic failure. Recognizing clinical characteristics of low-risk non-HIV associated CM may enable clinicians to treat non-HIV associated CM more reasonably. According to the definition of low-risk non-HIV associated CM in the 2010 Infectious Diseases Society
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Bronchial aspirate obtained during bronchoscopy yields increased fungal load compared to bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in patients at risk of invasive aspergillosis and Pneumocystis pneumonia Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-24 Sarah Dellière, Yaël Amar, Samia Hamane, Nesrine Aissaoui, Blandine Denis, Anne Bergeron, Abdellatif Tazi, Alexandre Alanio
Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) is a standard respiratory sample for diagnosing invasive fungal diseases like Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) and invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA). However, procedural variations exist across medical centers and wards. This study aimed to compare the diagnostic potential of BALF and bronchial aspirate (BA) obtained during bronchoscopy in 173 patients suspected
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Development and validation of a colorimetric antifungal susceptibility testing method for the dimorphic fungus Talaromyces marneffei Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-23 Nguyen Thi Mai Thu, Hannah Borda, Shawin Vitsupakorn, Kaushik Sreerama Reddy, Navsin Kasmani, Joseph Barwatt, Ilan S Schwartz, Charles Giamberardino, John R Perfect, Ngo Thi Hoa, Thuy Le
Antifungal drug resistance is an emerging cause of treatment failure in invasive fungal infections, and antifungal susceptibility testing (AFST) may inform treatment decisions. Currently, there are no established AFST guidelines for Talaromyces marneffei (Tm) or other dimorphic fungi. We developed a colorimetric AFST method using a fluorescent redox indicator alamarBlue, which changes from blue to
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Genotypic diversity and antifungal susceptibility of Cryptococcus neoformans species complex from China, including the diploid VNIII isolates from HIV-infected patients in Chongqing region Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-21 Lanyu Zhang, Saisai Wang, Nan Hong, Muyuan Li, Yiting Liu, Tao Zhou, Yan Peng, Changhua Hu, Xiaoxu Li, Zhen Zhang, Mengzhu Guo, Massimo Cogliati, Megan Hitchcock, Jianping Xu, Min Chen, Guojian Liao
Although previous studies on the genotypic diversity and antifungal susceptibility of the Cryptococcus neoformans species complex (CNSC) isolates from China revealed ST5 genotype isolates being dominant, the information of the CNSC isolates from Chinese HIV-infected patients is limited. In this study, 171 CNSC isolates from HIV-infected patients in the Chongqing region of Southwest China were genotyped
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Dectin-2 is critical for phagocyte function and resistance to Paracoccidioides brasiliensis in mice Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 Mariana de Resende Damas Cardoso-Miguel, Pedro Henrique Bürgel, Raffael Júnio Araújo de Castro, Clara Luna Marina, Stephan Alberto de Oliveira, Patrícia Albuquerque, Ildinete Silva-Pereira, Anamélia Lorenzetti Bocca, Aldo Henrique Tavares
Germline-encoded pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), particularly C-type lectin receptors (CLRs), are essential for phagocytes to sense invading fungal cells. Among CLRs, Dectin-2 (encoded by Clec4n) plays a critical role in the antifungal immune response as it recognizes high-mannose polysaccharides on the fungal cell wall triggering phagocyte functional activities and ultimately determines adaptive
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The combination of manogepix and itraconazole is synergistic and inhibits the growth of Madurella mycetomatis in vitro but not in vivo Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 Mickey Konings, Kimberly Eadie, Nikolaos Strepis, Bertrand Nyuykonge, Ahmed H Fahal, Annelies Verbon, Wendy W J van de Sande
Mycetoma is a neglected tropical disease commonly caused by the fungus Madurella mycetomatis. Standard treatment consists of extensive treatment with itraconazole, in combination with surgical excision of the infected tissue, but has a low success rate. To improve treatment outcomes, novel treatment strategies are needed. Here, we determined the potential of manogepix, a novel antifungal agent which
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Genetic diversity and microevolution in clinical Cryptococcus isolates from Cameroon Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-12 Poppy Sephton-Clark, Elvis Temfack, Jennifer L Tenor, Dena L Toffaletti, Angela Loyse, Síle F Molloy, John R Perfect, Tihana Bicanic, Thomas S Harrison, Olivier Lortholary, Charles Kouanfack, Christina A Cuomo
Cryptococcal meningitis is the second most common cause of death in people living with HIV/AIDS, yet we have a limited understanding of how cryptococcal isolates change over the course of infection. Cryptococcal infections are environmentally acquired, and the genetic diversity of these infecting isolates can also be geographically linked. Here, we employ whole genome sequences for 372 clinical Cryptococcus
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Fluconazole and propolis co-encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles for the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis in a murine model Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-10 Jacqueline Teixeira da Silva, Paulo Henrique Dantas, Adelaide Fernandes Costa, Liliana Borges de Menezes, Suzana Ferreira Alves, Flavio Pellegrini, Andre Correa Amaral
Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a fungal infection caused mainly by Candida albicans. The treatment of VVC with azoles has been impaired due to the increased cases of resistance presented by this pathogen. The aim of the present study was to investigate the antifungal activity of mucoadhesive chitosan nanoparticles encapsulating both green propolis and fluconazole for topical use in the treatment
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Ethyl caffeate combined with fluconazole exhibits efficacy against azole-resistant oropharyngeal candidiasis via the EFGR/JNK/c-JUN signaling pathway Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-10 Tianming Wang, Min Pan, Mengyuan Bao, Qingru Bu, Ruotong Yang, Yue Yang, Jing Shao, Changzhong Wang, Ning Li
Ethyl caffeate (EC) is a phenylpropanoid compound derived from Elephantopus scaber. In our previous work, EC was investigated to have a strong synergistic antifungal effect against azole-resistant strains of Candida albicans when combined with fluconazole (FLU). However, the protective effect and mechanism of EC + FLU on oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) caused by drug-resistant strains of C. albicans
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Progressive disseminated histoplasmosis: The experience in one non-endemic medical center. Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-09 Lucy X Li,Shakila Tenkayala Abdul Rajack,Darin Ostrander,Kausik Datta,Marissa Totten,Robin K Avery,Sean X Zhang,Kieren A Marr,Nitipong Permpalung
Histoplasmosis, the most common endemic mycosis in North America, presents in a myriad of ways, spanning the spectrum from self-limiting pneumonia to progressive disseminated histoplasmosis (PDH). Towards better describing contemporary histoplasmosis syndromes, risks, and outcomes, this single-center retrospective cohort study was performed (2009-2019). The population that developed PDH was similar
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Coccidioides spp. exposure among military working dogs in endemic regions of the United States Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-07 Lege S Rozier, Sara B Mullaney, George R Thompson, Gerald D Moore, Chiweta O Ajufoh, Angelina A Gerardo, Jane E Sykes
Coccidioidomycosis is a fungal disease in arid regions of the United States that is predicted to expand with climate change. Cases in military personnel and military working dogs (MWDs) impact personnel readiness and result in healthcare costs. To examine Coccidioides exposure among MWDs, 276 banked serum samples were retrieved from dogs housed in California, Texas, Arizona, New Mexico, Nevada, and
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Occurrence of Aspergillus fumigatus azole resistance in soils from Switzerland Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-06 Stéphanie Schürch, Katia Gindro, Sylvain Schnee, Pierre-Henri Dubuis, Josep Massana Codina, Matthieu Wilhelm, Arnaud Riat, Frédéric Lamoth, Dominique Sanglard
Aspergillus fumigatus is a fungal species causing diverse diseases in human. The use of azoles for treatments of A. fumigatus diseases has resulted in azole resistance. Azoles are also widely used in the environment for crop protection, which resulted in azole resistance. Resistance is primarily due to mutations in cyp51A, which encodes the target protein for azoles. Here we addressed the occurrence
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Comparing the virulence of four major clades of Candida auris strains using a silkworm infection model: Clade IV isolates had higher virulence than the other clades Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2023-10-29 Sanae Kurakado, Yasuhiko Matsumoto, Takashi Sugita
Candida auris is an emerging fungal pathogen that is feared to spread of infection because of its propensity for multidrug resistance and high mortality rate. This pathogenic yeast is classified into four major clades by phylogenetic analyses, which are referred to the South Asia clade (clade I), East Asia clade (clade II), South Africa clade (clade III), and South America clade (clade IV), based on
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Diagnostic Delays in Cutaneous Coccidioidomycosis: a Report from Central California Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2023-10-19 Seema M Policepatil, Geetha Sivasubramanian
Cutaneous Coccidioidomycosis (CC) infection can present with a wide variety of clinical presentations and is well known as a ‘great imitator’. We performed a retrospective analysis of patients with CC in a large referral center in Central Valley, California, from 2010 to 2022 using the ICD9 and ICD10 codes for coccidioidomycosis and CC. We identified forty patients with CC during the study period.
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Deubiquitination module is critical for oxidative stress response and biofilm formation in Candida glabrata Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2023-10-17 Yue-Han Huang, Yi-Hang Lee, Chi-Jan Lin, Li-Hang Hsu, Ying-Lien Chen
Candidiasis is one of the most important fungal diseases and generally refers to diseases of the skin or mucosal tissues caused by Candida species. Candida glabrata is an opportunistic human fungal pathogen. Infection with C. glabrata has significantly increased due to innate antifungal drug tolerance and the ability to adhere to mucocutaneous surfaces. Spt-Ada-Gcn5 acetyltransferase complex contains
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Nannizzia Species Causing Dermatophytosis in Cats and Dogs: First Report of Nannizzia incurvata as an Etiological Agent in Brazil Med. Mycol. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2023-10-05 Jéssica de Oliveira Bescrovaine, José Francisco Ghignatti Warth, Cybelle de Souza, Vanessa Wotkoski Benoni, Franciele Baja, Gabriela Xavier Schneider, Vania Aparecida Vicente, Gerrits Sybren de Hoog, Flavio Queiroz-Telles
Dermatophytosis is a superficial cutaneous infection, most commonly caused by fungal species such as Microsporum canis, Nannizzia gypsea (Microsporum gypseum) and Trichophyton mentagrophytes in dogs and cats. The zoonotic potential of these species is concerning, as companion animals are increasingly close to their owners. Therefore, the objectives of the study were to evaluate the current prevalence