样式: 排序: IF: - GO 导出 标记为已读
-
Policy research institutes’ role in the development of evidence for evidence‐based policymaking in the United States J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Richard V. Burkhauser, Susan V. Burkhauser
Policy research institutes in the United States play an important role in the creation of evidence for evidence‐based policymaking. This is the case with respect to their advocacy for the gathering and broad dissemination of “Big Data” and in the publication of policy analysis in the academic literature using these data. But they play a much more significant role, via non‐refereed working papers, in
-
Teacher salaries, a policy brief J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Jim Wyckoff
Many schools are experiencing troubling numbers of vacant teaching positions, with student achievement substantially below pre‐pandemic levels. At the same time many states and districts are discussing substantial across‐the‐board increases in teacher salaries, often aspiring to some arbitrary benchmark. General increases in teacher salaries may well be warranted in some, or even many, districts. However
-
Child support policy: Areas of emerging agreement and ongoing debate J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Maria Cancian, Robert Doar
-
Infant safe havens J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Lindsey Rose Bullinger
I estimate whether the ability to anonymously surrender an infant to a safe haven site such as a hospital, police station, or fire station in the United States affects child well‐being. By analyzing variation in state safe haven policies, I find safe haven laws significantly increase infant foster care entrance. I further find suggestive evidence of safe havens reducing infant deaths. The mortality
-
Measuring returns to experience using supervisor ratings of observed performance: The case of classroom teachers J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Courtney Bell, Jessalynn James, Eric S. Taylor, James Wyckoff
We study the returns to experience in teaching, estimated using supervisor ratings from classroom observations. We describe the assumptions required to interpret changes in observation ratings over time as the causal effect of experience on performance. We compare two difference‐in‐differences strategies: the two‐way fixed effects estimator common in the literature, and an alternative which avoids
-
Monthly unconditional income supplements starting at birth: Experiences among mothers of young children with low incomes in the U.S. J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2024-03-02 Sarah Halpern‐Meekin, Lisa A. Gennetian, Jill Hoiting, Laura Stilwell, Lauren Meyer
Recently, U.S. advocates and funders have supported direct cash transfers for individuals and families as an efficient, immediate, and non‐paternalistic path to poverty alleviation. Open questions remain, however, about their implementation. We address these using data from debit card transactions, customer service call‐line logs, and in‐depth interviews from a randomized control study of a monthly
-
-
Effect of vaccine recommendations on consumer and firm behavior J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Brandyn F. Churchill, Laura E. Henkhaus, Emily C. Lawler
We provide novel evidence on how firms and patients respond to vaccine recommendations. In 2014, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommended that elderly adults receive the pneumococcal vaccine Prevnar 13. Using a difference‐in‐differences strategy, we first show that, following the recommendation, the manufacturer (Pfizer) increased direct‐to‐consumer advertising. We then document
-
The consequences of high‐fatality school shootings for surviving students J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Phillip B. Levine, Robin McKnight
This paper examines the impact of high‐fatality school shootings on the subsequent outcomes of the survivors of those events. We focus specifically on the shootings at Columbine High School (Littleton, CO), Sandy Hook Elementary (Newtown, CT), and Marjorie Stoneman Douglas High School (Parkland, FL). We assess the subsequent educational record, including attendance and test scores, and the long‐term
-
The impact of parental benefits on disadvantaged households J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Nathalie Havet, Guy Lacroix, Morgane Plantier
Over the past 25 years, the Government of Quebec (Canada) has introduced a number of relatively novel policies aimed at fighting poverty such as the Universal Child Care Program (UCCP) in 1997 and the Quebec Parental Insurance Program (QPIP) in 2006. Since its inception, the QPIP has provided a means‐tested supplementary benefits scheme for disadvantaged households. The scheme yields a well‐defined
-
The impact of paid sick leave mandates on women's employment and economic security J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2024-02-17 Meredith Slopen
The United States does not guarantee job-protected paid leave to workers when they or a family member are ill or need to seek medical care. Prior research shows that women are less likely to have access to paid sick leave (PSL) through their employers. I examine the impacts of three recent state-level paid sick leave policies in California, Massachusetts, and Oregon on women's employment and economic
-
Can information and advising affect postsecondary participation and attainment for military personnel? Evidence from a large-scale experiment with the U.S. Army J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Andrew C. Barr, Kelli A. Bird, Benjamin L. Castleman, William L. Skimmyhorn
Despite generous financial aid, military veterans have high rates of undermatch and generally poor postsecondary outcomes. We conducted a large-scale, multi-arm field experiment with the U.S. Army to investigate whether personalized information about postsecondary options and access to advising affects service members’ postsecondary choices and outcomes. We find no impact of the intervention on whether
-
Are algorithms biased in education? Exploring racial bias in predicting community college student success J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2024-01-31 Kelli A. Bird, Benjamin L. Castleman, Yifeng Song
Predictive analytics are increasingly pervasive in higher education. However, algorithmic bias has the potential to reinforce racial inequities in postsecondary success. We provide a comprehensive and translational investigation of algorithmic bias in two separate prediction models—one predicting course completion, the second predicting degree completion. We show that if either model were used to target
-
Waivers for the public service loan forgiveness program: Who could benefit from take-up? J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2024-01-31 Diego A. Briones, Nathaniel Ruby, Sarah Turner
For workers employed in the public and nonprofit sectors, the Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF) program offers the potential for full forgiveness of federal student loans for those with 10 years of full-time work experience. A year-long waiver issued by the Department of Education in 2021 to address administrative problems in program access provided a new path to PSLF relief for many borrowers
-
Matching it up: Non-standard work and job satisfaction J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2024-01-24 Katarzyna Bech-Wysocka, Magdalena Smyk, Joanna Tyrowicz, Lucas van der Velde
We study the link between working arrangements and job satisfaction and provide novel insights on the (mis)match between preferred and actual working arrangements. We propose an empirical strategy to identify this mismatch at an individual level and apply this approach to data from the European Working Conditions Survey. We demonstrate that the extent of mismatch differs across European countries,
-
Self-service bans and gasoline prices: The effect of allowing consumers to pump their own gas J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2024-01-12 Vitor Melo
Most of the world's population lives in countries that ban the self-service sale of gasoline. Causal effects of this regulation can hardly be assessed in these countries due to a lack of policy changes, but a recent quasi-experiment in the state of Oregon allows us to analyze the impact of the ban. From 1992 to 2017, the state of Oregon was one of two U.S. states that banned self-service at gasoline
-
The impact of right-to-work laws on long hours and work schedules J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2024-01-11 Rania Gihleb, Osea Giuntella, Jian Qi Tan
Unions play a crucial role in determining wages and employment outcomes. However, union bargaining power may also have important effects on non-pecuniary working conditions. We study the effects of right-to-work laws, which removed agency shop protection and weakened union powers on long hours and non-standard work schedules that may adversely affect workers’ health and safety. We exploit variation
-
Selective exercise of discretion in disability insurance awards J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-12-29 Pilar Garcia-Gomez, Pierre Koning, Owen O'Donnell, Carlos Riumalló-Herl
Variation in assessor stringency in awarding benefits leaves applicants exposed to uninsured risk that could be systematic if discretion were exercised selectively. Using administrative data on disability insurance (DI) applications in the Netherlands, we show that even in one of the most rule-based DI programs, there is still between assessor variation in awards, and there is systematic variation
-
Drinking water contaminant concentrations and birth outcomes J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-12-14 Richard W. DiSalvo, Elaine L. Hill
Previous research in the U.S. has found negative health effects of contamination when it triggers regulatory violations. An important question is whether levels of contamination that do not trigger a health-based violation impact health. We study the impact of drinking water contamination in community water systems on birth outcomes using drinking water sampling results data in Pennsylvania. We focus
-
Did the Affordable Care Act's Medicaid eligibility expansions crowd out private health insurance coverage? J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-12-12 Conor Lennon
The Affordable Care Act (ACA) provided funding to help states expand Medicaid eligibility to those earning up to 138% of the Federal Poverty Level. Such expansions in Medicaid eligibility, however, could “crowd out” private insurance coverage, including changes in coverage relating to other ACA provisions. To estimate the extent of such crowd out, I use a difference-in-differences empirical approach
-
Grads on the go: Measuring college-specific labor markets for graduates J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-12-12 Johnathan G. Conzelmann, Steven W. Hemelt, Brad J. Hershbein, Shawn Martin, Andrew Simon, Kevin M. Stange
This paper introduces a new measure of the labor markets served by colleges and universities across the United States. About 50% of recent college graduates are living and working in the metro area nearest the institution they attended, with this figure climbing to 67% in-state. The geographic dispersion of alumni is more than twice as great for highly selective 4-year institutions as for 2-year institutions
-
Medicaid generosity and food hardship among children J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-12-03 Nicholas Moellman, Cody N. Vaughn
We explore the role of the largest means-tested transfer program, Medicaid, on multiple measures of food hardship among households with children, including measures that capture hardship explicitly experienced by children. Using data from the 2001 to 2020 waves of the December Current Population Survey, we identify the effect of having a Medicaid-eligible child on household food hardship by exploiting
-
Habit and skill retention in recycling J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Dylan Brewer, Samantha Cameron
From 2002 to 2004, New York City ceased collecting residential glass and plastic recycling due to city budgetary pressure. We use data on recycling rates in New York City, New Jersey, and Massachusetts in a difference-in-differences (DID) research design to determine whether this exogenous pause weakened previously formed recycling habits. Despite a 50% decline in the overall recycling rate in 2003
-
Assessment frequency and equity of the property tax: Latest evidence from Philadelphia J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Yilin Hou, Lei Ding, David J. Schwegman, Alaina G. Barca
Philadelphia's Actual Valuation Initiative adopted in 2013 creates a unique opportunity for us to test whether improved reassessments at short intervals to true market value improve property tax equity. Based on a difference-in-differences framework using parcel-level data matched with transactions in Philadelphia and 15 comparable cities, this study finds positive evidence on equity outcomes from
-
Personalizing homelessness prevention: Evidence from a randomized controlled trial J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-11-08 David C. Phillips, James X. Sullivan
Through a randomized controlled trial, we test whether providing personalized case management alongside emergency financial assistance more effectively prevents homelessness than financial assistance alone. For a sample of young adults and families with children who are at risk of homelessness, our results indicate that participants assigned to case management and financial assistance are more likely
-
The racial wealth gap, financial aid, and college access J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-11-02 Phillip B. Levine, Dubravka Ritter
We examine how the racial wealth gap interacts with financial aid in American higher education to generate a disparate impact on college access and outcomes. Retirement savings and home equity are excluded from the formula used to estimate the amount a family can afford to pay. All else equal, omitting those assets mechanically increases the financial aid available to families that hold them. White
-
The limits of awards for anti-corruption: Experimental and ethnographic evidence from Uganda J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Mark T. Buntaine, Alex Bagabo, Tanner Bangerter, Paul Bukuluki, Brigham Daniels
Conventional anti-corruption approaches focus on detecting and punishing the misuse of public office. These approaches are often ineffective in settings where social norms do not support reporting and punishing corruption. Attempting to build anti-corruption norms, we conducted a field experiment in Uganda that offered elected, local leaders the chance to earn awards for overseeing development projects
-
The impacts of COVID-19 on racial inequality in business earnings J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-10-31 Robert Fairlie
Many small businesses closed in the pandemic, but were economic losses disproportionately felt by businesses owned by people of color? This paper provides the first study of the impacts of COVID-19 on racial inequality in business earnings. Pandemic-induced losses to business earnings in 2020 were 16% to 19% for all business owners. Racial inequality increased in the pandemic: Black business owners
-
Pandemic-era changes to medicaid enrollment and funding: Implications for future policy and research J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-10-21 Laura Dague, Benjamin Ukert
The COVID-19 public health emergency led to federal legislation that changed the landscape of Medicaid coverage for low-income people in the United States. Policy responses led to a surge in Medicaid caseloads due to new rules preventing Medicaid disenrollment, and total Medicaid enrollment increased more from 2020 to 2023 than the net increase in insurance coverage from 2013 to 2017 following the
-
The crime effect of refugees J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-10-12 Mevlude Akbulut-Yuksel, Naci Mocan, Semih Tumen, Belgi Turan
We analyze the impact on crime of millions of refugees who entered and stayed in Turkey as a result of the civil war in Syria. Using a novel administrative data source on the flow of offense records to prosecutors’ offices in 81 provinces of the country each year, and utilizing the staggered movement of refugees across provinces over time, we estimate instrumental variables models that address potential
-
Long-term impacts of primary school scholarships: Evidence from Cambodia J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-10-12 Felipe Barrera-Osorio, Andreas de Barros, Deon Filmer
This randomized trial investigates the long-term effects of a primary school scholarship program in rural Cambodia. We estimate impacts—9 years after program inception—on educational attainment, cognitive skills, socio-emotional outcomes, labor market outcomes, and well-being. Our results point to systematic improvements in educational attainment but no average impacts on long-term cognitive or socio-emotional
-
Fiscal transfers, local government, and entrepreneurship J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-10-04 Piotr Danisewicz, Steven Ongena
Can local government spending spur entrepreneurial activity? To answer this question, we study a setting where, around multiple pre-determined and non-manipulable thresholds, municipalities with lower tax revenues receive direct and different monetary grants from the national budget. Employing a fuzzy regression discontinuity design, we find a positive impact of fiscal transfers on the number of firms
-
Public policy toward professional sports stadiums: A review J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-09-28 John Charles Bradbury, Dennis Coates, Brad R. Humphreys
This article informs public policy toward professional sports stadiums, which state and local governments routinely subsidize. Our analysis provides a history of stadium construction and funding in the U.S., documenting trends that portend a forthcoming new wave of stadiums. Despite robust evidence that stadiums are not economic development catalysts and confer limited social benefits, public outlays
-
Unemployment insurance benefit reduction and food hardship: Evidence from pandemic unemployment expiration J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-09-14 Chandra Dhakal, Yufeng Luo, Shaonan Wang, Chen Zhen
We leverage the sharp drop in unemployment insurance (UI) benefits following the expiration of the Federal Pandemic Unemployment Compensation program to estimate the consumption smoothing effect of UI. The $600/week decline in supplemental UI benefits is estimated to reduce total food spending by 9.7% and the odds of having food sufficiency by 6.0%. The estimate for food spending translates to a marginal
-
The re-emerging suicide crisis in the U.S.: Patterns, causes and solutions J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-09-13 Dave E. Marcotte, Benjamin Hansen
The suicide rate in the United States has risen nearly 40% since 2000. This increase is puzzling because suicide rates had been falling for decades at the end of the 20th century. In this paper, we review important facts about the changing rate of suicide. General trends do not tell the story of important differences across groups—suicide rates rose substantially among middle-aged persons between 2005
-
Forecasts for a post-Roe America: The effects of increased travel distance on abortions and births J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-09-13 Caitlin Myers
I compile novel data measuring county-level travel distances to abortion facilities and resident abortion rates from 2009 through 2020. Using these data, I implement a difference-in-difference research design measuring the effects of driving distance to the nearest abortion facility on abortions and births. The results indicate large but diminishing effects: an increase from 0 to 100 miles is estimated
-
Does visitation in prison reduce recidivism? J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-09-11 Yuki Otsu
Visitation in prison is associated with a low recidivism rate after release, but the causality is not clear. This paper tries to estimate the effect of visitation experience on the recidivism outcome of state prisoners in Missouri, using an instrumental variable approach. The instrumental variable used for identification is the distance from a prison to an address before incarceration. The results
-
Quasi-experimental evidence on the employment effects of the 2021 fully refundable monthly child tax credit J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-09-11 Jessica Pac, Lawrence M. Berger
In this paper, we estimate the impact on employment of the 2021 Child Tax Credit (CTC) expansion, which increased the size of the benefit, made it fully refundable, and allowed for monthly receipt. We harness exogenous variation in monthly CTC eligibility by comparing employment among caregivers to that of childless workers before and after monthly payments commenced on July 15, 2021, using event study
-
The nature, detection, and avoidance of harmful discrimination in criminal justice J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-09-04 Brendan O'Flaherty, Rajiv Sethi, Morgan Williams
We provide a selective survey of the literature on discrimination by criminal justice agents, and argue for a taxonomy of harms that differs from conventional approaches. Discrimination can be self-defeating if it reduces welfare among targets of discrimination while serving no legitimate purpose for the discriminating party. Even if a legitimate purpose is served, discrimination can be deliberative
-
State-mandated school-based BMI assessments and self-reported adolescent health behaviors J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-08-27 Brandyn F. Churchill
I provide novel evidence on the role of imperfect information in shaping childhood obesity. Between 2003 and 2017, 24 states began requiring schools to perform Body Mass Index assessments on students. Using the 1991 to 2017 National and State Youth Risk Behavior Surveys and a stacked difference-in-differences identification strategy, I show that these state-mandated school-based BMI assessments were
-
Counterpoint – Don't let the perfect be the enemy of the good J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-08-22 C. Kirabo Jackson, Claudia Persico
We would like to highlight the significant overlap between Josh McGee's views and our own. It is refreshing that the public conversation has moved beyond the debate of whether money matters in education, and has shifted focus to the more substantive conversation of how much it matters and in which contexts its impact is more pronounced. We all actually agree on the fact that the effect of school spending
-
Point column on school spending: Money matters J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-08-22 C. Kirabo Jackson, Claudia Persico
Here, we will make our best guess, based on the highest-quality evidence available, of what the effect would be of a policy that increases school spending on student outcomes. First, we establish a few key empirical facts about the historical relationship between school spending and student outcomes and also what the existing older literature found about this relationship.
-
Evictions and psychiatric treatment J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-08-22 Ashley C. Bradford, Johanna Catherine Maclean
Stable housing is critical for health, employment, education, and other social outcomes. Evictions reflect a form of housing instability that is experienced by millions of Americans each year. Inadequately treated psychiatric disorders have the potential to influence evictions in several ways. For example, these disorders may impede labor market performance and thus the ability to pay rent, or increase
-
Labor mobility and the Affordable Care Act: Heterogeneous impacts of the preexisting conditions provision J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-08-20 Laura Connolly, Matt Hampton, Otto Lenhart
The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) preexisting conditions provision ensures that insurance companies can no longer deny coverage, charge higher premiums, or exclude coverage due to a preexisting health condition. In this paper, we evaluate the impact of the provision on labor mobility. We use data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics for years 2009 through 2019 and estimate di
-
Smoking, information, and education: The Royal College of Physicians and the new public health movement J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-07-25 Jonathan James
On March 7, 1962 the Royal College of Physicians published a report entitled Smoking and Health that made the causal link between smoking and lung cancer clear and explicit. Using a historical data set that contains information on smoking from 1958 to 1965, I find a decrease in smoking for those with more schooling after the report's publication. I do not find a difference in the effect for those with
-
Nurse practitioner scope of practice and patient harm: Evidence from medical malpractice payouts and adverse action reports J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-07-17 Sara Markowitz, Andrew J. D. Smith
Many states have recently changed their scope of practice laws and granted full practice authority to nurse practitioners, allowing them to practice without oversight from physicians. Physician groups have argued against this change, citing patient safety concerns. In this paper, we use a ratio-in-ratio approach to evaluate whether the transition to full practice authority results in harm to patients
-
Can text messages reduce incarceration in rural and vulnerable populations? J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-07-13 Emily Owens, CarlyWill Sloan
Reducing failures to appear (FTA) in court is a top priority for criminal justice practitioners and advocates. However, existing work on reducing FTAs through text message reminders focuses on large urban jurisdictions and defendants who are housed. Using a field study in Shasta County, California, we evaluate whether text message outreach can increase court appearances for housed and unhoused populations
-
Non-monetary obstacles to medical care: Evidence from postpartum contraceptives J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-07-12 Barton Willage, Marisa Carlos, Kevin Callison
We use changes to Medicaid immediate postpartum policy to test whether non-monetary costs are meaningful obstacles to health care. Medicaid in several states currently covers long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs, including IUDs and implants) immediately following delivery of a child, eliminating much of the time-cost and stress associated with obtaining a LARC. Postpartum LARCs can reduce unintended
-
The thin blue line in schools: New evidence on school-based policing across the U.S. J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-07-04 Lucy C. Sorensen, Montserrat Avila-Acosta, John B. Engberg, Shawn D. Bushway
U.S. public school students increasingly attend schools with sworn law enforcement officers present. Yet little is known about how these school resource officers (SROs) affect school environments or student outcomes. Our study uses a fuzzy regression discontinuity (RD) design with national school-level data from 2014 to 2018 to estimate the impacts of SRO placement. We construct this discontinuity
-
Seeking sanctuary: Housing undocumented immigrants J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-07-02 Derek Christopher
This paper studies housing market outcomes of undocumented immigrants in the U.S. and explores the mechanisms behind the differential prices that immigrants pay for shelter. I show that undocumented renters pay a premium for housing relative to observably similar, documented, immigrant renters occupying similar housing. Building on theory and suggestive evidence that the premium is the result of search
-
Local supply, temporal dynamics, and unrealized potential in teacher hiring J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-06-30 Jessalynn James, Matthew A. Kraft, John P. Papay
We explore the dynamics of competitive search in the K–12 public education sector. Using detailed panel data on teacher hiring from Boston Public Schools, we document how teacher labor supply varies substantially across vacancies even within a single district depending on position type, school characteristics, and the timing of job postings. We find that early-posted positions are more likely to be
-
How does technology-based monitoring affect street-level bureaucrats' behavior? An analysis of body-worn cameras and police actions J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-06-22 Inkyu Kang
Body-worn cameras may produce varying effects on police behavior, depending on the agency-specific accountability context in which the technology adoption is embedded. The cameras may encourage coercive police actions when acquired to incentivize performance, such as by protecting officers from false complaints. By contrast, when acquired to enhance procedural accountability, such as by enabling closer
-
The effect of e-cigarette taxes on pre-pregnancy and prenatal smoking J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-06-21 Rahi Abouk, Scott Adams, Bo Feng, Johanna Catherine Maclean, Michael F. Pesko
E-cigarette taxes are an active area of legislation and have important regulatory implications by proxying e-cigarette accessibility. We examine the effect of e-cigarette taxes on prepregnancy and prenatal smoking using the near-universe of births to mothers conceiving between 2013 and 2019 in the United States. Using fixed effect regressions, we show that e-cigarette taxes increase prepregnancy and
-
The Effect of Safety Net Generosity on Maternal Mental Health and Risky Health Behaviors J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-04-18 Lucie Schmidt, Lara Shore-Sheppard, Tara Watson
Single mothers are more likely to experience mental health problems and stress-related negative health behaviors than their married counterparts, but a more generous safety net may improve these outcomes. We use a simulated safety net eligibility approach that accounts for interactions across safety net programs and relies on changing policies across states and time to identify causal effects of safety
-
The Impact of Reverse Transfer Associate Degrees on Education and Labor Market Outcomes J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-02-09 Taylor K. Odle, Lauren C. Russell
Reverse transfer associate degrees are credentials retroactively awarded to current bachelor's degree seekers, combining four-year credits with credits previously earned at a community college. Using administrative data from Tennessee, we use a difference-in-difference design to compare students before and after receipt of a reverse transfer degree to similar students over time. We find reverse transfer
-
Pain Management and Work Capacity: Evidence From Workers’ Compensation and Marijuana Legalization J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-02-02 Rahi Abouk, Keshar M. Ghimire, Johanna Catherine Maclean, David Powell
We study whether the work capacity of the older working population responds to improved pain management therapy access. We use the adoption of state recreational marijuana laws (RMLs) as a large policy shock to access to a non-pharmaceutical pain management option. We focus on workers’ compensation cash benefit receipt as a measure of work capacity, finding that receipt declines in response to RML
-
The COVID Cash Transfer Study: The Impacts of a One-Time Unconditional Cash Transfer on the Well-Being of Families Receiving SNAP in Twelve States J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-02-01 Natasha V. Pilkauskas, Brian A. Jacob, Elizabeth Rhodes, Katherine Richard, H. Luke Shaefer
There is growing interest in the use of unconditional cash transfers as a means to alleviate poverty, yet little is known about the effects of such transfers in the U.S. This paper reports on the results of a randomized controlled study of a one-time $1,000 unconditional cash transfer in May 2020 to families with low incomes in 12 U.S. states. The families were receiving, or had recently received,
-
Improving the Community College Transfer Pathway to the Baccalaureate: The Effect of California's Associate Degree for Transfer J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2023-01-03 Rachel Baker, Elizabeth Friedmann, Michal Kurlaender
The transfer between two-year and four-year colleges is a critical path to baccalaureate attainment. Yet students face a number of barriers in transfer pathways, including a lack of coherent coordination and articulation between their community colleges and four-year institutions, resulting in excess units and increased time to degree. In this paper we evaluate the impact of California's Student Transfer
-
UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE IN SURVEY AND ADMINISTRATIVE DATA J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2022-12-20 Jeff Larrimore, Jacob Mortenson, David Splinter
Unemployment Insurance (UI) benefits were a central part of the social safety net during the COVID-19 recession. UI benefits, however, are severely understated in surveys. Using administrative tax data, we find that over half of UI benefits were missed in major survey data, with a greater understatement among low-income workers. As a result, 2020 official poverty rates were overstated by about 2 percentage
-
The Push for Racial Equity in Child Welfare: Can Blind Removals Reduce Disproportionality? J. Policy Anal. Manag. (IF 3.917) Pub Date : 2022-12-19 E. Jason Baron, Ezra G. Goldstein, Joseph Ryan
We conduct the first quantitative analysis of “blind removals,” an increasingly popular reform that seeks to reduce the over-representation of Black children in foster care by eliminating biases in the removal decisions of investigators. We first show that over-representation in most foster care systems is driven by Black children being substantially more likely than White children to be investigated