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High-precision charge analysis in a catalytic nanoparticle by electron holography Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-29 Ryotaro Aso, Yoshihiro Midoh, Toshiaki Tanigaki, Yasukazu Murakami
The charge state of supported metal catalysts is the key to understanding the elementary processes involved in catalytic reactions. However, high-precision charge analysis of the metal catalysts at the atomic level is experimentally challenging. To address this critical challenge, high-sensitivity electron holography has recently been successfully applied for precisely measuring the elementary charges
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Application of Hilbert-Differential Phase Contrast to Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-29 Haruka Iga, Toshiki Shimizu, Hiroki Minoda
We report a novel class of scanning transmission electron microscopy with Hilbert-differential phase contrast (HDP-STEM) that displays nanostructures of thin samples in a topographical manner. A semicircular π phase plate (PP) was used as an optical device for manipulating electron waves in HDP-STEM. This is the different design from the Zernike PP used in our previous phase plate STEM (P-STEM), but
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Chlamydia psittaci infected cell studies by 4Pi Raman and atomic force microscopy Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Dmitry Khalenkow, Alejandro Diaz Tormo, Anne De Meyst, Louis Van Der Meeren, Joost Verduijn, Joanna Rybarczyk, Daisy Vanrompay, Nicolas Le Thomas, Andre G Skirtach
Chlamydia psittaci is an avian bacterial pathogen that can cause atypical pneumonia in humans via zoonotic transmission. It is a Gram-negative intracellular bacterium that proliferates inside membrane bound inclusions in the cytoplasm of living eukaryotic cells. The study of such cells with C. psittaci inside without destroying them poses a significant challenge. We demonstrated in this work the utility
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Limitations and Drawbacks of DQE Estimation Methods Applied to Electron Detectors. Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Olivier Marcelot, Cécile Marcelot, Sébastien Rolando
The DQE is generally accepted as the main figure of merit for the comparison between electron detectors, and most of the time given as a unique number at the Nyquist frequency while it is known to vary with electron dose. It is usually estimated thanks to a method improved by McMullan in 2009. The purpose of this work is to analyse and to criticize this DQE extraction method on the basis of measurement
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Effective alignment method using a diamond notch knife for correlative array tomography Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Yumi Goto, Noriko Takeda-Kamiya, Kaori Yamaguchi, Mikio Yamazaki, Kiminori Toyooka
Correlative array tomography, combining light and electron microscopy via serial sections, plays a crucial role in the three-dimensional ultrastructural visualization and molecular distribution analysis in biological structures. To address the challenges of aligning fluorescence and electron microscopy images and aligning serial sections of irregularly shaped biological specimens, we developed a diamond
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Simple derivation of L-absorption spectra of 3d transition metal elements by the self-absorption effect observed in soft X-ray emission spectra Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Masami Terauchi, Yohei K Sato, Takaomi D Yokoyama, Takanori Murano
This study proposes a simple evaluation method for deriving L-absorption information from two L-emission spectra of 3d transition metal (TM) elements obtained at two different accelerating voltages. This method realizes a spatial identity for X-ray emission and absorption spectroscopies. This method was evaluated for the Fe L-emission spectra of Fe and its oxides, and was applied to the TM L-emission
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A simple coordinate transformation method for quickly locating the features of interest in TEM samples Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Mingzhi Zeng, Wenzhao Wang, Yang Yin, Changlin Zheng
We developed a simple coordinate transformation method for quickly locating features of interest (FOIs) of samples in transmission electron microscope (TEM). The method is well suited for conducting sample searches in aberration-corrected scanning/transmission electron microscopes (S/TEM), where the survey can be very time-consuming because of the limited field of view imposed by the highly excited
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Development of an integrated high-voltage electron microscope–gas chromatograph–quadrupole mass spectrometer system for the operando analysis of catalytic gas reactions Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Longshu Tang, Tetsuo Higuchi, Shigeo Arai, Hiromochi Tanaka, Shunsuke Muto
This paper describes the development of a gas chromatography–quadrupole mass spectrometry system attached to a differential-pumping-type environmental cell of the reaction science high-voltage electron microscopy instrument at Nagoya University to distinguish unambiguously between different gas species with the same mass-to-charge ratio. Several model experiments were used to verify the efficacy of
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Simultaneous secondary electron microscopy in the scanning transmission electron microscope with applications for in situ studies Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-09 Mia L San Gabriel, Chenyue (Yucy) Qiu, Dian (Jack) Yu, Toshie Yaguchi, Jane Y Howe
Scanning/transmission electron microscopy (STEM) is a powerful characterization tool for a wide range of materials. Over the years, STEMs have been extensively used for in situ studies of structural evolution and dynamic processes. A limited number of STEM instruments are equipped with a secondary electron (SE) detector in addition to the conventional transmitted electron detectors, i.e., the bright
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Depth-sectioning with environmental and atomic-resolution STEM Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-22 Masaki Takeguchi, Ayako Hashimoto, Kazutaka Mitsuishi
(Scanning) transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of samples in gas and liquid media are acquired with an environmental cell (EC) via silicon nitride membranes. The ratio of sample signal against the background is a significant factor for resolution. Depth-sectioning Scanning TEM (STEM) is a promising technique that enhances the signal for a sample embedded in a matrix. It can increase the resolution
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Comparison of large-volume 3D reconstruction using plasma FIB-SEM and X-ray CT Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-21 Ryuji Yoshida, Yasutoshi Mizuta, Takeharu Kato, Teiichi Kimura
We demonstrated large-volume three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction using plasma focused ion beam - scanning electron microscopy (PFIB-SEM). We successfully reconstructed a 750 μm (W) × 143 μm (H) × 310 μm (D) volume at a resolution of 200 nm/pix from 1,550 SEM backscattered electron images of a Li-ion battery cathode sheet. The PFIB-SEM system was found to be capable of acquiring and reconstructing
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Removal of phase residues in electron holography Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-18 Yoshio Takahashi, Tetsuya Akashi, Toshiaki Tanigaki
Electron holography provides quantitative phase information regarding the electromagnetic fields and the morphology of micro- to nano-scale samples. A phase image reconstructed numerically from an electron hologram sometimes includes phase residues, i.e. origins of unremovable phase discontinuities, which make it much more difficult to quantitatively analyze local phase values. We developed a method
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Artifactual atomic displacements on surfaces using annular dark-field images with image simulation Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-16 Shunsuke Kobayashi, Kousuke Ooe, Kei Nakayama, Akihide Kuwabara
We investigated artifactual atomic displacements on a Pt (111) surface using annular dark-field (ADF) scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) images under ideal conditions with multi-slice image simulation. Pt atomic columns on the surface exhibited artifact displacement. The bright spots shifted slightly toward the interior of the crystal, indicating that ADF imaging underestimates atomic
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Three-dimensional nanostructure analysis of non-stained Nafion in fuel cell electrode by combined ADF-STEM tomography Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-16 Takuji Ube
The polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) is one of the strongest candidates for a next-generation power source for vehicles which do not emit carbon dioxide gas (CO2) as exhaust gas. The key factor in PEFCs is the nano-scaled electrochemical reactions that take place on the catalyst material and an ionomer supported by a carbon support. However, because the nano-scaled morphological features of the
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A tool for live-cell confocal imaging of temperature-dependent organelle dynamics Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-09 Keiko Midorikawa, Yutaka Kodama
Intracellular organelles alter their morphology in response to ambient conditions such as temperature to optimize physiological activities in cells. Observing organelle dynamics at various temperatures deepens our understanding of cellular responses to the environment. Confocal laser microscopy is a powerful tool for live-cell imaging of fluorescently labeled organelles. However, the large contact
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Observation and quantitative analysis of dislocations in steel using electron channeling contrast imaging method with precise control of electron beam incident direction Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-20 Takashige Mori, Takafumi Amino, Chie Yokoyama, Shunsuke Taniguchi, Takayuki Yonezawa, Akira Taniyama
Electron channeling contrast imaging (ECCI) was applied by precisely controlling the the primary electron beam incident direction of the crystal plane in scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the dislocation contrast in steel materials was investigated in detail via SEM/ECCI. The dislocation contrast was observed near a channeling condition, where the incident electron beam direction of the crystal
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In situ TEM studies on hydrogen-related issues: Hydrogen storage, hydrogen embrittlement, fuel cells, and electrolysis Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-12 Junko Matsuda
Hydrogen is attracting attention as an energy carrier for realizing a low-carbon society, because it can directly convert the energy obtained from chemical reactions into electrical energy without carbon dioxide emissions. This paper presents in situ transmission electron microscopic (TEM) observations related to hydrogen storage in metal and metal hydrides, hydrogen embrittlement of metallic materials
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In situ Microscopy Techniques for Understanding Li Plating and Stripping in Solid-State Batteries Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-05 Munekazu Motoyama
Solid-state batteries have potential to realize a rechargeable Li metal anode. However, several challenges persist in the charging and discharging processes of the Li metal anode, which require a fundamental understanding of Li plating and stripping across the interface of solid-state electrolytes to address. This review overviews studies on Li metal anodes in solid-state batteries using in situ observation
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Perspective and Prospects of In Situ Transmission/Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-23 Renu Sharma, Wei-Chang (D) Yang
In situ transmission/scanning transmission electron microscopy (TEM/STEM) measurements have taken a central stage for establishing structure-chemistry-property relationship over the past couple of decades. The challenges for realizing ‘a lab-in-gap’, i.e., gap between the objective lens pole-pieces, or ‘a lab-on-chip’, to be used to carry out experiments are being met through continuous instrumental
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In-situ TEM study from the perspective of holders Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-21 Toshie Yaguchi, Mia San Gabriel, Ayako Hashimoto, Jane Y Howe
During the in-situ TEM observations, the diverse functionalities of different specimen holders play a crucial role. We hereby provide a comprehensive overview of the main types of holders, associated technologies, and case studies pertaining to the widely employed heating and gas heating methods, from their initial developments to the latest advancement. In addition to the conventional approaches,
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Toward quantitative super-resolution microscopy: molecular maps with statistical guarantees Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-21 Katharina Proksch, Frank Werner, Jan Keller–Findeisen, Haisen Ta, Axel Munk
Quantifying the number of molecules from fluorescence microscopy measurements is an important topic in cell biology and medical research. In this work, we present a consecutive algorithm for super-resolution (stimulated emission depletion (STED)) scanning microscopy that provides molecule counts in automatically generated image segments and offers statistical guarantees in form of asymptotic confidence
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Electron holography observation of electron spin polarization around charged insulating wire Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-10 Takafumi Sato, Keiko Shimada, Zentaro Akase, Hideyuki Magara, Takeshi Tomita, Daisuke Shindo
We report direct observation by electron holography of the spin polarization of electrons in a vacuum region around a charged SiO2 wire coated with Pt-Pd. Irradiating the SiO2 wire with 300-keV electrons caused the wire to become positively charged due to the emission of secondary electrons. The spin polarization of these electrons interacting with the charged wire was observed in situ using a phase
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Three-dimensional analysis of the intracellular architecture by scanning electron microscopy Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-06 Daisuke Koga, Satoshi Kusumi, Hirokazu Yagi, Koichi Kato
The two-dimensional observation of ultrathin sections from resin-embedded specimens provides insufficient understanding of the three-dimensional (3D) morphological information of membranous organelles. The osmium maceration method, developed by Professor Tanaka’s group over 40 years ago, is the only technique that allows direct observation of the 3D ultrastructure of membrane systems using scanning
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Measuring mechanical properties with high-speed atomic force microscopy. Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-02 Christian Ganser, Takayuki Uchihashi
High-speed atomic force microscopy is now a widely used technique to study dynamics of single biomolecules and complex structures. In the past, it has mainly been used to capture surface topography as structural analysis, leading to important discoveries not attainable by other methods. Similar to conventional atomic force microscopy, the scope of high-speed atomic force microscopy was recently expanded
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Memory-efficient semantic segmentation of large microscopy images using graph-based neural networks. Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-10-21 Atishay Jain,David H Laidlaw,Peter Bajcsy,Ritambhara Singh
We present a graph neural network (GNN)-based framework applied to large-scale microscopy image segmentation tasks. While deep learning models, like convolutional neural networks (CNNs), have become common for automating image segmentation tasks, they are limited by the image size that can fit in the memory of computational hardware. In a GNN framework, large-scale images are converted into graphs
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Cinematographic study of stochastic chemical events at atomic resolution Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-10-20 Koji Harano, Takayuki Nakamuro, Eiichi Nakamura
The advent of single-molecule atomic-resolution time-resolved electron microscopy (SMART-EM) has created a new field of “cinematic chemistry,” allowing for the cinematographic recording of dynamic behaviors of organic and inorganic molecules and their assembly. However, the limited electron dose per frame of video images presents a major challenge in SMART-EM. Recent advances in direct electron counting
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Phase Retrieval of Electron Rocking Curves using Total Variation and Total Squared Variation Regularizations. Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-10-04 Akihiro Shichi,Hiroyuki Ishizuka,Koh Saitoh
In this study, a new method for the phase retrieval of electron rocking curves observed using convergent-beam electron diffraction, which is applicable to the determination of three-dimensional lattice displacement fields along the beam direction, is proposed. Total variation and total squared variation regularizations are introduced for phase retrieval to suppress overfitting to noise or background
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Axonal regrowth under release of myelin-associated glycoprotein: Chemotaxis by pioneer Schwann cells and Cajal's gigantic clubs. Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-26 Kojun Torigoe
Myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), released from pre-degenerated distal nerves following axotomy, blocks the regrowth of sprouts and naked axons. Ensheathed axons, however, continue to elongate and reach MAG-releasing distal nerves. To determine the regenerative mechanism of ensheathed axons without navigators of axonal growth cones by the film model method, we inserted a MAG-releasing distal nerve
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In-Situ Shearing Process Observation System for Soft Materials via Transmission Electron Microscopy Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-13 Tomohiro Miyata, Hsiao-Fang Wang, Daisuke Watanabe, Yoshiaki Kawagoe, Tomonaga Okabe, Hiroshi Jinnai
We developed an in-situ shear test system suitable for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations, which enabled us to examine the shear deformation behaviours inside soft materials at nanoscale resolutions. This study was conducted on a nanoparticle-filled rubber to investigate its nanoscale deformation behaviour under a large shear strain. First, the shear deformation process of a large
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TEM study on the phase transformation of metastable precipitate to stable phase. Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-12 T T T Trang,Yoon-Uk Heo
Nanosized precipitates have a critical role in increasing the strength of metallic alloys. There are many reports that the initial precipitates are metastable phases holding a different composition and crystal structure from the equilibrium precipitate. The metastable precipitate transforms to its stable phase during heat treatment. A transmission electron microscope enables researchers to study the
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Contrast mechanism at landing energy near 0 eV in super low energy scanning electron microscopy. Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-08-24 Tomohiro Aoyama,Šárka Mikmeková,Kazuhiro Kumagai
In recent years, the technique of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation with low landing energy of a few keV or less has become common. We have especially focused on the drastic contrast change at near 0 eV. Using a patterned sample consisting of Si, Ni and Pt, threshold energies where total reflection of incident electrons occur was investigated by SEM at near 0 eV. In both the cases of in-situ
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The Third Japan-Canada Microscopy Societies Joint Symposium 2022. Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-08-04 Ken Harada,Misa Hayashida
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Evaluating the roughness dynamics of kefir biofilms grown on Amazon cupuaçu juice: a monofractal and multifractal approach Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-08-04 Robert S Matos, Erveton P Pinto, Marcelo A Pires, Glenda Q Ramos, Ştefan Ţălu, Lucas S Lima, Henrique D da Fonseca Filho
We conducted a comprehensive analysis of the surface microtexture of kefir biofilms grown on Theobroma grandiflorum Shum (cupuaçu) juice using atomic force microscopy. Our goal was to investigate the unique monofractal and multifractal spatial patterns of these biofilms to complement the existing limited literature. The biofilms were prepared dispersing four different concentrations of kefir grains
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Nondestructive initial-profile-free 3D elemental mapping in multilayer thin film structures based on EDX and a quadratic programming problem Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-08-03 Yutaka Hoshina, Yugo Kubo, Yojiro Nakayama
We have demonstrated a new data analysis method that enables nondestructive depth profiling of a multilayer thin-film sample from energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) data without the assumption of initial profiles. This method is based on a quadratic programming problem and allows for three-dimensional elemental mapping in the sample without destroying it, by performing depth profiling for all
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Enhancing Performance of Electron Holography with Mathematical and Machine Learning-Based Denoising Techniques Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-07-10 Satoshi Anada, Yuki Nomura, Kazuo Yamamoto
Electron holography is a useful tool for analyzing functional properties, such as electromagnetic fields and strains of materials and devices. The performance of electron holography is limited by the “shot noise” inherent in electron micrographs (holograms), which are composed of a finite number of electrons. A promising approach for addressing this issue is to use mathematical and machine learning-based
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Bioimaging of glucose analogs labeled at the C-1 or C-2 position with a fluorescent dansylamino group. Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-07-08 Mio Yanagida, Hirofumi Nakano, Hironori Ueno
Glucose is the most important energy source in all organisms; however, our understanding of the pathways and mechanisms underlying glucose transportation and localization in living cells is incomplete. Here, we prepared two glucose analogs labeled with a dansylamino group at the C-1 (1-Dansyl) or C-2 (2-Dansyl) position; the dansyl group is a highly fluorescent moiety that is characterized by a large
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Correction to: High-resolution and analytical electron microscopy in a liquid flow cell via gas purging. Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-10-09
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Prediction of secondary electron yield for metal materials using deep learning. Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-06-10 Masahiro Kusumi, Bunta Inoue, Yoshihiko Hirai, Masaaki Yasuda
This article describes a neural network system for predicting the secondary electron yield of metallic materials. For bulk metals, experimental values are used as training data. Due to the strong correlation between the secondary electron yield and the work function, deep learning predicts the secondary electron yield with relatively high accuracy even with a small amount of training data. Our approach
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Correction to: Low-energy scanning transmission electron microscopy applied to ice-embedded biological macromolecules. Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-06-08
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Structural and electronic characterization of fluorine-doped La0.5Sr0.5CoO3−δ using electron energy-loss spectroscopy Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-05-25 Ryotaro Aso, Takuya Katsumata, Takashi Nakamura, Yusuke Watase, Koji Amezawa, Yasukazu Murakami
Perovskite oxides, ABO3, are potential catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction, which is important in the production of hydrogen as a sustainable energy resource. Optimizing the chemical composition of such oxides by substitution or doping with additional elements is an effective approach to improving the activity of such catalysts. Here we characterized the crystal and electronic structures of
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Recent advances in in-resin correlative light and electron microscopy of Epon-embedded cells Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-05-22 Isei Tanida, Junji Yamaguchi, Chigure Suzuki, Soichiro Kakuta, Yasuo Uchiyama
Correlative fluorescent and electron microscopic images of the same section of epoxy (or other polymer)-embedded samples, hereafter referred to as "in-resin CLEM," have been developed to improve the positional accuracy and Z-axis resolution limitations of conventional CLEM. High-pressure freezing and quick-freezing substitution result in in-resin CLEM of acrylic-based resin-embedded cells expressing
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High-resolution and analytical electron microscopy in a liquid flow cell via gas purging Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-05-11 Yevheniy Pivak, Junbeom Park, Shibabrata Basak, Rüdiger-Albert Eichel, Anne Beker, Alejandro Rozene, Héctor Hugo Pérez Garza, Hongyu Sun
Liquid-phase transmission electron microscopy (LPTEM) technique has been used to perform a wide range of in situ and operando studies. While most studies are based on the sample contrast change in the liquid, acquiring high qualitative results in the native liquid environment still poses a challenge. Herein, we present a novel and facile method to perform high-resolution and analytical electron microscopy
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A preparation of bacterial outer membrane with osmium tetroxide and uranyl acetate co-stain enables improved structural determination by transmission electron microscopy Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-05-06 Aadil Sheikh, Bernd Zechmann, Christie M Sayes, Joseph H Taube, K Leigh Greathouse
Biological nanoparticles, such as bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are routinely characterized through transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In this study, we report a novel method to prepare OMVs for TEM imaging. To preserve vesicular shape and structure, we developed a dual fixation protocol involving osmium tetroxide incubation prior to negative staining with uranyl acetate. Combining
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In situ pulsed electrical biasing TEM observation of AA7075 Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-05-02 Tyler J Grimm, Laine Mears
Electrically assisted heat treatment is the process of applying an electric current to a sample during heat treatment. Literature has generally shown there to be a difference in the resulting effects of DC current and highly transient current (i.e. electropulsing). However, these differences are poorly characterized. In situ TEM observation of an AA7075 sample while DC and pulsed current were passed
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Three-dimensional visualization of plant tissues and organs by X-ray micro-computed tomography Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-04-25 Ichirou Karahara, Daisuke Yamauchi, Kentaro Uesugi, Yoshinobu Mineyuki
Studies visualizing plant tissues and organs in 3D by micro-computed tomography (CT) published since approximately 2015 are reviewed. In this period, the number of publications in the field of plant sciences dealing with micro-CT have increased along with the development of high-performance lab-based micro-CT system as well as the continuous development of cutting-edge technologies at synchrotron radiation
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Label-free microscopy for virus infections Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-04-20 Anthony Petkidis, Vardan Andriasyan, Urs F Greber
Microscopy has been essential to elucidate micro- and nano-scale processes in space and time, and has provided insight into cell and organismic function. It is widely employed in cell biology, microbiology, physiology, clinical sciences and virology. While label-dependent microscopy, such as fluorescence microscopy, provides molecular specificity, it has remained difficult to multiplex in live samples
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Using elemental staining and mapping techniques for simultaneous visualization of biological structures in the nucleus by multi-channel electron microscopy. Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-04-11 Hilmar Strickfaden, Natnael Abate, Christian Förster, Frank Wuest, D Alan Underhill, Michael J Hendzel
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has been essential in defining the structural organization of the cell due to its ability to image cell structures at molecular resolution. However, the absence of colour has made it very difficult to compare distributions and relationships of two or more types of biomolecules simultaneously if they lack clear morphological distinctions. Furthermore, single-channel
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Development and applications of ultrafast transmission electron microscopy. Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-08-04 T Shimojima,A Nakamura,K Ishizaka
We present a review on the development and applications of ultrafast transmission electron microscopy (UTEM) at Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN). We introduce the UTEM system for the pump-probe transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation in a wide temporal range. By combining the UTEM and pixelated detector, we further develop five-dimensional scanning TEM (5D STEM), which
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A novel embedding composition for the evaluation of the internal structure of carbon materials using electron microscopy Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-03-11 Tsukaho Yahagi
The image contrast obtained in electron microscopy depends on the atomic number of the sample. Therefore, obtaining a clear contrast is challenging when samples composed of light elements (carbon materials and polymers) are embedded in the resin. Herein, a newly developed embedding composition exhibiting low viscosity and high electron density is reported, which can be solidified using physical or
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Low-dose measurement of electric potential distribution in organic light-emitting diode by phase-shifting electron holography with 3D tensor decomposition. Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-24 Yusei Sasaki,Kazuo Yamamoto,Satoshi Anada,Noriyuki Yoshimoto
To improve the performance of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), it is essential to understand and control the electric potential in the organic semiconductor layers. Electron holography (EH) is a powerful technique for visualizing the potential distribution with a transmission electron microscope. However, it has a serious issue that high-energy electrons may damage the organic layers, meaning
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Semiautomatic contour tracking method for biological object segmentation in thin section electron microscope images with modified zero DC component-type Gabor wavelets Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-02-28 Gen Maeda, Misuzu Baba, Norio Baba
In electron microscopic image processing, artificial intelligence (AI) is a powerful method for segmentation. Because creating training data remains time-consuming and burdensome, a simple and accurate segmentation tool, which is effective and does not rely on manual drawings, is necessary to create training data for AI as well as to support immediate image analysis. A Gabor wavelets-based contour
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Using a novel CLEM system to localize lipid droplets and membranes in desiccated embryonic axis cells of soybean seeds Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-02-24 Salma Khanam, Takayuki Funatsu, Koji Tanaka, Yasuko Kaneko
Lipid droplets and membranes in radicle cells from desiccated embryonic axes of soybean (Glycine max) seeds were examined by a recently developed CLEM system, which has been designed to facilitate the observation of identical locations by upright reflected light microscope and compact SEM successively with minimum time lapse. Lipids are major components of membranes and also stored in numerous lipid
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Measurement and correction of TEM image distortion using arbitrary samples Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-02-14 Hirokazu Tamaki, Koh Saitoh
We have developed a method to quantitatively measure image distortion, one of the five Seidel aberrations, in transmission electron microscopes without using a standard sample with a known structure. Displacements of small local segments in an image due to image distortion of the intermediate and projection lens system are first measured by comparing images taken before and after a given shift at the
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Correction to: Advances in fluorescence microscopy for orthohantavirus research. Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-08-04
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HIV-1 transmission: modelling and direct visualization in the 3rd dimension Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-02-08 Charles. A Coomer, Sergi Padilla-Parra
Identifying initial events of mucosal entry of HIV-1 in laboratory-based, physiologically-relevant and high-throughput contexts may aid in designing effective strategies to block local transmission and spread of HIV-1. Several paradigms have been posited for how HIV-1 crosses mucosal barriers to establish infection based on 2D culture or animal-based models. Nevertheless, despite these models stemming
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Correction to: Spatial resolution in secondary-electron microscopy. Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-02-08
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Spatiotemporal resolution in high-speed atomic force microscopy for studying biological macromolecules in action Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-02-06 Kenichi Umeda, Steven J McArthur, Noriyuki Kodera
High-speed atomic force microscopy (HS-AFM) is a unique approach that allows direct real-time visualization of biological macromolecules in action under near-physiological conditions, without any chemical labeling. Typically, the temporal resolution is sub-100 ms, and the spatial resolution is 2–3 nm in the lateral direction and ~0.1 nm in the vertical direction. A wide range of biomolecular systems
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Edge effect of wide spectrum denoising in super-resolution microscopy Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-02-06 Tao Cheng, Yingshan Wang
During the Stochastic optical reconstruction microscope (STORM) raw image acquisition in super-resolution microscopy, noise is inevitable. Noise not only reduces the temporal and spatial resolution of the super-resolution image, but also leads to the failure of super-resolution image reconstruction. Wide spectrum denoising (WSD) can effectively remove various random noises (such as Poisson noise and
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Super-resolution method for SEM images based on pixelwise weighted loss function Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-02-04 Akira Ito, Atsushi Miyamoto, Naoaki Kondo, Minoru Harada4
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has realized high-throughput defect monitoring of semiconductor devices. As miniaturization and complexification of semiconductor circuit patterns increase in recent years, so has the number of defects. There is thus a great need to further increase the throughput of SEM defect monitoring. Toward this end, we propose a deep learning–based super-resolution method that
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Tight-junction strand networks and tightness of the epithelial barrier Microscopy (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-01-30 Akira C Saito, Tomohito Higashi, Hideki Chiba
Tight junctions are cell–cell junction structures critical for controlling paracellular permeability. On freeze-fracture replica electron microscopy, they appear as a continuous network of fibrils (tight-junction strands). Tight-junction strands function as zippers that create a physical barrier against paracellular diffusion of molecules. The morphology of the tight-junction strand network varies