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Assessment of bioactive compounds, antioxidant potential, and enzymatic activity in different guava (Psidium guajava) cultivars Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Priyanka Kumari, Abhay Mankar, Kumari Karuna, Fozia Homa, Riadh Ilahy, Mohammed Wasim Siddiqui
Fresh fruits of five guava (Psidium guajava L.) cultivars were assessed for ascorbic acid (AA) content and enzymatic antioxidants (superoxide dismutase [SOD] and ascorbate peroxidase [APX]) activities, while extracted peel and pulp samples were analyzed for total phenol (TP) and total flavonoids (TFs). The hydrophilic and lipophilic antioxidant activity was evaluated using six different analytical
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Pollen‐mediated gene flow from herbicide‐resistant yellow corn to non‐genetically engineered food‐grade white corn Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Mandeep Singh, Vipan Kumar, Stevan Z. Knezevic, John L. Lindquist, Suat Irmak, Santosh Pitla, Amit J. Jhala
Nebraska is the number one producer of food‐grade white corn in the United States. Pollen‐mediated gene flow (PMGF) from genetically engineered high alpha‐amylase corn, known as Enogen corn, to food‐grade white corn can have undesirable outcomes. Alpha‐amylase can convert starch in white corn to sugar during or after its processing, degrading the quality of processed products. Thus, proximity to Enogen
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Evaluation of speed breeding conditions for accelerating Fusarium head blight and deoxynivalenol screening in wheat Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Bhavit Chhabra, Saijagruti Thrasu, Sydney Wallace, Adam Schoen, Fereshteh Shahoveisi, Yanhong Dong, Vijay Tiwari, Nidhi Rawat
Feeding the world's ever‐increasing population requires continuous development of high‐yielding and disease‐resistant cultivars of food crops such as wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Speed breeding, which utilizes longer photoperiod times and higher temperatures, is a technique that accelerates plant development and is rapidly being adopted by wheat breeders across the globe to fast‐track cultivar development
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Two types of biplots to integrate multi‐trial and multi‐trait information for genotype selection Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Weikai Yan
Genotype × environment interaction (GE) and unfavorable associations among breeding objectives are the two key challenges in genotype evaluation and selection. Dealing with GE includes utilizing repeatable GE and accommodating nonrepeatable GE, and analytical tools for both steps have been developed in recent years. The genotype by yield × trait (GYT) analysis was also developed to address the issue
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Phenotypic variability in the US upland cotton core set for root traits and water use efficiency at the late reproductive stage Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Om Prakash Ghimire, W. Walker Spivey, Vasu Kuraparthy, B. Todd Campbell, Michael Jones, Joe Thomas, William C. Bridges, Sruthi Narayanan
To incorporate root traits that improve water use efficiency (WUE) in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) variety development, harnessing the genetic variability for root traits is essential. The objectives of this study were to characterize the US upland cotton core set for root traits and WUE and determine the traits associated with WUE. The core set includes 23 of the 381 accessions of the cotton diversity
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Genetic variability and QTL mapping of morphological traits and inflorescence prolificacy in African bermudagrass Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Shuhao Yu, Charles H. Fontanier, Liuling Yan, Dennis L. Martin, Justin Q. Moss, Yanqi Wu
African bermudagrass (Cynodon transvaalensis Burtt‐Davy) (2n = 2x = 18) has unique morphological characteristics such as finer leaf blades and shorter internodes that are important to improving turf qualities (i.e., texture and density) as compared to other Cynodon species. It has been extensively used to cross with common bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon Pers. var. dactylon) in developing high‐quality
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Genotypic variation in functional contributors to yield for a diverse collection of field‐grown cotton Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Navneet Kaur, John L. Snider, Andrew H. Paterson, Gurpreet Virk, Ved Parkash, Phillip Roberts, Changying Li
Yield improvement in cotton could be accelerated through selection for functional yield drivers such as interception of cumulative photosynthetically active radiation (∑IPAR), radiation use efficiency (RUE), and harvest index (HI). However, information on the extent to which these traits vary in cotton in the southeastern United States is limited. It was hypothesized that functional yield drivers would
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Improving nitrogen content in the carboxylation and electron transfer component can boost the reproductive biomass of filmless cotton in arid areas Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Nannan Li, Junhong Li, Xiaojuan Shi, Xianzhe Hao, Feng Shi, Jun Wang, Honghai Luo, Liwen Tian
Deep drip irrigation combined with high‐density planting is one of the most economical and effective ways to address residual film pollution. This study aimed to explore the photosynthetic potential of and achieve water‐saving and high‐yielding filmless cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) by optimizing the irrigation amount. We analyzed the effect of source leaf activity on leaf nitrogen allocation and
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Transcriptome analysis suggests the role of expansin genes in the improved germination of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seeds after hydropriming Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Rose L. Catiempo, Songsin Photchanachai, Adrian F. Powell, Susan R. Strickler, Chalermchai Wongs‐Aree
Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is widely utilized for seed oil production. Priming seeds prior to sowing is a technique used to enhance the germination rate and uniformity of seedling growth. Priming times of 6 and 18 h were selected to be the optimal and extended durations, respectively. Three biological replicates per treatment were used for next‐generation sequencing via the Illumina platform
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Steps toward developing legume cover crop varieties: Study of biomass and nitrogen partitioning and within‐plant δ115N variation of faba bean at different growth stages Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Chloe Dugger, Kyle G. Brasier, Mohammad H. Pahlavani, Hossein Zakeri
Modern legumes are engineered to enhance nutrient allocation to grains and maximize harvest index (HI) and yield. Breeding legumes for cover crop requires optimizing source‐sink relationship to prolong nutrient allocation to vegetative organs, support post‐flowering nodule activity, and extend biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). We studied the variation of faba bean (Vicia faba) germplasm for biomass
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Classification of new germplasm into existing heterotic groups of pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Rakshith Papanna, I. Shanker Goud, Anilkumar Vemula, B. V. Tembhurene, M. K. Meena, Shashi Kumar Gupta
The study assigned new germplasm, which includes populations and inbreds, to established heterotic groups using various approaches to broaden the existing genetic base while maintaining the heterotic pattern in pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.]. It utilized 13 pearl millet populations of African and Asian origins and 24 new inbred parents from ICRISAT's breeding program. Testers, both inbred
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Identification of QTLs and validation of molecular markers associated with reaction to Fusarium wilt in the common bean cultivar BRS FP403 Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Mário Henrique Rodrigues Mendes Torres, Rosana Pereira Vianello, Thiago Lívio Pessoa Oliveira de Souza, Leonardo Cunha Melo, Saulo Muniz Martins, Lucas Matias Gomes‐Messias, Helton Santos Pereira
Fusarium wilt, caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli, is one of the most prevalent diseases in the common bean crop (Phaseolus vulgaris). However, there is little information regarding the genetics of reaction to this disease. Thus, the aims of this study were to estimate genetic parameters, identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with reaction to Fusarium wilt, and validate
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Effect of plant architecture on the responses of canopy temperature and water use to population density in winter wheat Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Guirong Huang, Xinying Zhang, Zhenzhao Wang, Xiaoying Liu, Rui Guo, Fengxue Gu, Enke Liu, Shuying Li, Xiuli Zhong, Xurong Mei
Revealing how plant architecture affects the responses of canopy temperature depression (CTD), water use (WU), and grain yield to population density (PD) in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) would help explore a water‐saving pathway related to managing population. This study was conducted over three consecutive years under rainfed and supplemental irrigation conditions. The flat‐leafed Jinmai 47 and upright‐leafed
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Production innovations to enhance sweetpotato as a food security crop in northern Ghana Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Issah Sugri, Daniel Akansake, Issah A. Abukari, Jan W. Low, Putri E. Abidin, Eric K. Dery, Kwabena Acheremu, Joseph Adjebeng‐Danquah, John K. Bidzakin, Mutari Abubakari, Salim Lamini, Edward E. Carey
Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L) Lam) is prioritized among crops that enhance food security and reduce malnutrition in Ghana. The production is expanding faster than other food crops owing to its superior nutrient composition. This study evaluates integrated approaches to increase on‐farm productivity, income, and utilization of sweetpotato. The first part evaluated the agronomic yield performance
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Genomewide marker estimates of the level of dominance in maize heterosis Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Patrick K. Sweet, Robenzon E. Lorenzana, Rex Bernardo
Heterosis is the superiority of an F1 hybrid over its parents, and overdominance and dominance are the two main hypotheses for the genetic basis of heterosis. Our objectives were to determine if genomewide marker effects accurately reflect the level of dominance at quantitative trait loci (QTL) and assess the distribution of per‐marker estimates of the level of dominance in maize (Zea mays L.). We
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The scholarship of honorifics Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 John M. Davis, J. Scott Angle, Robert J. Ferl, Robert A. Gilbert, Amy M. Grunden, Tim G. Rials, Scott A. Senseman, Gary A. Thompson, Michael D. Toews
Nomination is a scholarly activity, not unlike writing a manuscript or grant proposal. Nomination is elevated by recognizing both recipients and nominators. A nominagraph adds a dimension to the pairwise listing of recipients and nominators on ASA/CSSA/SSSA directories.
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Severe storm damage and short‐term weather stresses on corn: A review Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Alexander J. Lindsey, Osler A. Ortez, Peter R. Thomison, Paul R. Carter, Jeffrey A. Coulter, Greg W. Roth, Daniela R. Carrijo, Daniel J. Quinn, Mark A. Licht
Adverse weather conditions from acute events (e.g., storms causing lodging, flooding, or hail) or short‐duration weather patterns (i.e., periods of cold events; extended waterlogged field conditions) can result in yield losses, though management practices may play key roles in aiding with crop recovery or avoidance of these stress events. This review summarizes current knowledge (with emphasis placed
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Erratum for: Issue Information, Volume 64, Issue 1, January‐February 2024 https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.21005 Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-29
This erratum corrects the doi in the following: On the cover: Raphanus sativus L. is a root crop species of the Brassicaceae family that accounts for ∼2% of global vegetable production. See Huh et al. (https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.21135). Photo credit: Jason Leung.
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Aromatic rice (Oryza sativa L.) landraces of Indo‐Gangetic Plains of India harbor rich genetic diversity Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Rakesh Kumar Bairwa, Mahesh C. Yadav, Shailesh Tiwari, Aswin Mahendran, Ranjith Kumar Ellur, S. Gopala Krishnan
Aromatic rice (Oryza sativa L.) germplasm conserved in global genebanks needs intensive characterization to assess genetic diversity and population structure for crop improvement. We analyzed a panel of 92 accessions of non‐Basmati aromatic rice landrace germplasm with 23 phenotypic traits and 48 microsatellite markers. The landrace accessions displayed a huge phenotypic diversity for traits, namely
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Do newer maize hybrids grow roots faster and deeper? Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Cintia Sciarresi, August Thies, Christopher Topp, Douglas Eudy, Slobodan Trifunovic, Alejo Ruiz, Philip M. Dixon, Fernando Miguez, Lee C. Burras, Sotirios V. Archontoulis
Understanding historical changes in root depth attributes is needed for crop productivity and sustainability assessments, but such information is rare. We explored whether newer maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids grow roots faster and deeper than older hybrids and quantified the role of management and environment on root trait expression. We measured root front velocity (RFV) and maximum root depth in 11
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Boll distribution of cotton effected by varying potassium rates within different irrigation levels Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Amee R. Bumguardner, Katie L. Lewis, Seth A. Byrd, Glen L. Ritchie, Gaylon D. Morgan
Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) requires potassium (K) in large amounts for crop growth and development and is more sensitive to low K availability in soils than other agronomic crops. Low K concentrations within the plant may decrease the rate of photosynthesis, which will impact plant growth and development. Cotton yield potential has increased due to genetic improvements, which may have increased
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Envirotyping can increase genomic prediction accuracy of new environments in grain sorghum trials depending on mega‐environment Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Noah D. Winans, Jales M. O. Fonseca, Ramasamy Perumal, Patricia E. Klein, Robert R. Klein, William L. Rooney
Grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is an important crop native to Africa and grown in many subtropical and temperate regions worldwide. The variability in production environments underscores the plasticity of sorghum genotypes and provides an opportunity to predict sorghum hybrid performance in novel environments. Reaction norms informed by envirotype data can aid in modeling the differential
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Production and cultivation dynamics of millets in India Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-24 O. P. Yadav, D. V. Singh, Vandita Kumari, Manoj Prasad, Sushmita Seni, Roshan Kumar Singh, S. Sood, Lakshmi Kant, B. Dayakar Rao, R. Madhusudhana, B. Venkatesh Bhat, S. K. Gupta, D. K. Yadava, T. Mohapatra
Millets gained a great attention at the global level in 2023 which is celebrated as the “International Year of Millets” to create awareness to eventually promote consumption and production. An attempt is made here to understand the cultivation and production dynamics of millets as influenced by their demand and supply. We also assess challenges and emerging opportunities to make millets more productive
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The frequency and phenological stage of foliar application of nutrients and biostimulant can increase sugarcane yield and biomass and bioenergy productions Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Cleber de Morais Hervatin, Anibal Pacheco de Almeida Prado Filho, Letusa Momesso, Lucas Morais Jacomassi, Carlos Alexandre Costa Crusciol
The impacts of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) production include an extensive area of cultivation, high use of technology, and the generation of by‐products that must be utilized. Achieving higher productivity while reducing the expansion of cultivation is challenging. A potential strategy for increasing sugarcane yields and productivity is the foliar application of nutrients and biostimulants at different
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Heritability of floral traits in Allium cepa L. populations from biparental crosses Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Soraya Paola Noguera Serrano, Magalí Diana Gimenez, Rosalía Cristina Paz, Claudio R. Galmarini
Onions (Allium cepa L.) are one of the main vegetable crops worldwide. As an allogamous species with entomophilous pollination, floral traits play a critical role in seed production. Improving seed yield, especially for hybrid seed production, is very important. In this work, we obtained genetic information for floral traits using segregating populations from three male-sterile lines and one open-pollinated
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Performance and phenotypic stability of maize hybrids containing exotic introgressions in multi-environment trials Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-18 Alden Perkins, Dayane C. Lima, Shawn M. Kaeppler, Natalia de Leon
Maize (Zea mays L.) grown in the US Midwest contains only a small fraction of the genetic diversity present in the species. Maize populations from other parts of the world may contain genetic variation that could be used to improve or increase the diversity of US germplasm. This study was conducted to assess the performance and phenotypic stability of hybrids containing diverse exotic introgressions
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Phenotypic characterization of Southeastern United States open-pollinated maize landraces Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Matthew S. Woore, Sherry A. Flint-Garcia, James B. Holland
Maize (Zea mays L. subsp. mays) is the most important crop in the United States, but maize food and distillation products often rely on varieties that are not bred explicitly for these purposes. Farmers targeting niche food grain markets have expressed interest in historical open-pollinated varieties of maize, but few such populations are widely available, and even fewer are well-characterized. We
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Wide hybridization in sorghum with tertiary gene pool for diversification of parental lines Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Kanti Meena, Jinu Jacob, M. Bhavyasri, C. Aruna, P. Sanjana Reddy, P. Rajendrakumar, Avinash Singode, C. Tara Satyavathi, K. B. R. S. Visarada
Sorghum (S. bicolor) is a great millet that constitutes the staple food in many parts of the world and is cultivated in the semi-arid tropics. The grain is bestowed with traits that make it amenable for many value-added products, thus increasing the demand. Considerable progress is achieved in increasing the yield in the past through exploitation of primary gene pool species and secondary gene pool
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Late-heading parental selection in orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Megan M. Getz, Matthew D. Robbins, Kimberly Thorsted, Kevin B. Jensen, Joseph G. Robins, J. Earl Creech, B. Shaun Bushman
Dactylis glomerata L., orchardgrass or cocksfoot, is frequently planted as a companion crop in perennial forage legumes such as alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). However, many commercial orchardgrass cultivars flower earlier than legumes, resulting in a reduction in grass yield and nutritional value if harvested to maximize the legume. Additionally, during orchardgrass seed production over years, later
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Loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay: A novel disease diagnostics tool in sweetpotato seed quality assurance Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Bramwel W. Wanjala, Jan F. Kreuze, Margaret A. McEwan, Jan W. Low
Sweetpotato is an important food crop in global production. However, sweetoptato viruses pose a threat to sustainable agriculture and cause significant economic loss. More than 30 viruses have been reported to date, with sweet potato feathery mottle virus (SPFMV) and sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (SPCSV) occurring frequently and in combination, causing sweetpotato virus disease. The detection
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Study of timing of irrigation after foliar application of putrescine on phytochemical and physiological responses of sage Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Maryam Mohammadi-Cheraghabadi, Amir Mousavi, Saeid Hazrati, Seyed Ali Mohammad Modarres-Sanavy, Fatemeh Sefidkon, Ali Mokhtassi-Bidgoli
Salvia officinalis L. (sage) is a valuable medicinal plant with various secondary metabolites. These compounds are usually inducible by different stress conditions, for example, water-deficit stress. Therefore, cost-effective and eco-friendly approaches for alleviating water-deficit stress in medicinal plant crops are in high demand. Polyamines (PAs), such as putrescine, have a significant effect on
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Understanding seasonal influence on sorghum productivity traits Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Chandrasekhar Reddy Aruna, R. Madhusudhana, Cheruku Deepika
Changing climate and the need for continuous supply of grain to establish sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] as an industrial crop encourage for developing season neutral high-yielding genotypes for wider cultivation. This study was aimed to understand the effect of varied growing seasons on productivity and morphological traits. Thirty-two sorghum genotypes, including rainy season hybrids, parental
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Genetic gains in short-season corn hybrids: Grain yield, yield components, and grain quality traits Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Kyle King, Antonella Ferela, Tony J. Vyn, Slobodan Trifunovic, Doug Eudy, Charles Hurburgh, Kendall R. Lamkey, Sotirios V. Archontoulis
Era studies are important to understand historical changes in maize (Zea mays) germplasm and estimate genetic gains, yet information for short-season maize hybrids is limited. Here, we determine grain yield genetic gain in Bayer short-season hybrids (100–105 days) and investigate indirect changes made on 17 secondary traits, including yield components (kernel number, weight, and shelling efficiency)
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Seed yield and quality of interspecific hybrids of Paspalum plicatulum × P. guenoarum at different harvest times Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Carolina Scienza, Júlio Antoniolli, Júlia Longhi, Letícia W. Dias, Diógenes Cecchin Silveira, Rodrigo Sampaio, Victor S. de Ávila, Luis A. Escosteguy, Carine Simioni, Roberto Luis Weiler, Miguel Dall'Agnol, André Pich Brunes
Paspalum guenoarum is a warm-season perennial grass, with a caespitose growth habit. The species is native to southern Brazilian grasslands and has been used in interspecific hybridizations because of its high palatability, resistance to trampling and grazing, and cold tolerance. Previous studies reported improvements in forage production and the nutritive value of hybrid material. However, there are
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Gender-differentiated preference for sweetpotato traits and their drivers among smallholder farmers: Implications for breeding Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Josephine Namirimu, Julius Juma Okello, Andrew Muganga Kizito, Agnes M. Ssekiboobo
To improve sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.) productivity, several improved high-yielding varieties have been developed by breeders. However, many farmers still grow low-yielding landraces. Farmers choose varieties to grow based on their preference for the attributes of those varieties. Varietal preferences have been shown to differ between males and females. This study assessed farmer preferences for
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Transcription factors FtMYB22 negatively regulates anthocyanin synthesis by forming an MBW ternary complex in Tartary buckwheat Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Haixia Zhao, Lisong Liu, Ying Chen, Chenglei Li, Huala Wu, Tao Wang, Zhi Shan, Xiaoli Wang, Qi Wu
Anthocyanins are important flavonoid compounds that are abundant in Tartary buckwheat, providing a variety of bright colors and enhancing abiotic stress resistance. Our study found that FtMYB22 specifically affected anthocyanin anabolism. In this study, overexpression of the FtMYB22 transcription factor in tobacco significantly reduced the accumulation of flavonol in the petals of transgenic tobacco
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Genetic diversity analysis and heterotic grouping of Indian white maize inbred lines using combining ability and SNP markers Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Arushi Arora, Abhijit Kumar Das, Shubhank Dixit, Yathish KR, S. B. Singh, J. C. Sekhar, R. Ravikesavan, J. P. Sahi, I. Sudhir Kumar, P. Mahadevu, Digbijaya Swain, R. M. Kachapur, Mitchell R. Tuinstra, Sreya Venadan, Sujay Rakshit
Maize (Zea mays L.) is a versatile crop with high genetic yield potential and various uses. While yellow maize is primarily used for animal feed, white maize is preferred as a food by rural and tribal populations in India. However, white maize landraces suffer immensely in terms of low yield. Heterotic grouping is an excellent method to develop hybrids with increased yield potential in maize. The heterotic
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Farmers’ purchase intention and willingness to pay for certified sweetpotato seed under different disease pressure zones in Uganda Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Charles Musoke, Florence B. Kyazze, Paul Kibwika, Settumba B. Mukasa
The use of certified sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) seed (CSS) was reported to unlock the yield potential of the crop leading to an over 80% yield increase. Despite the availability of elements of a formal CSS system, uptake in Uganda has remained dismal. Interdependence between farmer knowledge, perceptions, and purchase behaviors (PBs) is not well understood in a way that could allow the design of
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A retrospective analysis of historical data of multi-environment trials for dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Michigan Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Leonardo Volpato, Evan M. Wright, Scott Bales, Francisco E. Gomez
Plant breeding programs use multi-environment trials (METs) to test multiple genotypes with the aim of selecting superior lines and increasing genetic gain. However, METs can be affected by the genotype × environment interactions (GEI) which hinders the ability to identify stable and high-yielding dry bean varieties. This study investigates the impact of GEI on grain yield (GY) in three dry bean market
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Intercropping in maize silage versus solo-seeding for alfalfa establishment in Wisconsin and Idaho Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-10 John H. Grabber, David L. Bjorneberg, Christopher W. Rogers
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) intercropping with maize (Zea mays L.) silage is being developed in the northern United States to improve the profitability and environmental sustainability of forage production. This study, conducted under rainfed conditions in Wisconsin and semiarid irrigated conditions in Idaho, compared the establishment of alfalfa and dry matter yield of four intercropping systems
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Grain quality deterioration of hybrid rice is associated with alterations in physicochemical and structural properties of starch under saline conditions Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-07 Wenyu Jin, Zhongwei Wei, Lin Li, Umair Ashraf, Wenli He, Yuzhu Zhang, Shaowu Qi
Saline water could affect the structural and physicochemical properties of starch and rice (Oryza sativa L.) quality. In the present study, two high-quality hybrid rice varieties, that is, Y Liangyou 957 (YLY957) and Jing Liangyou 534 (JLY534), were grown in a mixture of underground and sea water having 0, 5, and 11 dS m−1 electrical conductivity (EC). The mixtures of water were applied at active tillering
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Genotype × environment interactions of organic winter naked barley for agronomic, disease, and grain quality traits Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-06 Karl H. Kunze, Brigid Meints, Chris Massman, Lucia Gutiérrez, Patrick M. Hayes, Kevin P. Smith, Mark E. Sorrells
The modeling of genotype × environment interactions (GEI) is important to understand how new crops perform in different environments and management systems. Naked barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is a type of barley where the hull threshes freely from the grain and can be used for multiple end uses, including food, malt, and animal feed. We examined the performance of a winter naked barley trial grown in
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Pathogenicity of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici and quantitative traits on bread wheat landraces in Ethiopia Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Damene Dawana, Birtukan Dessie, Mesfin Kebede, Daniel Shimelash
Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is severely affected by stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici (Pst). This study was conducted to investigate pathogenicity of Pst isolates to bread wheat landraces grown in Ethiopia, establish stripe rust yield loss models and estimate variability in bread wheat quantitative traits. A greenhouse pot experiment was setup to assess seedling
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Indices for measuring ratooning ability of sugarcane varieties Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-31 Njabulo Eugene Dlamini, Angelinus C. Franke, Marvellous Zhou
The primary objective of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) variety testing programs is to identify cultivars that have high cane yields and good ratooning ability (RA). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of six RA indices to estimate RA among sugarcane varieties and to identify an index well suited to predict RA in long-term ratoon crop cycles. The six indices were as follows: ratoon
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Increasing the seed production efficiency of autumn potato with plant growth regulators Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-31 Amanpreet Singh, C S Aulakh, A S Sidhu
Higher productivity of seed-size tubers is a significant issue in seed potato (Solanum tuberosum) production systems. Punjab, in northwest India, is the hub of seed potato production and supplies 60% seed requirement of the country. However, to improve the productivity of seed-size (3.5–4.5 cm) tubers, research trials were run at Ludhiana for 2 years (autumn 2019 and 2020) to examine the effectiveness
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Pennycress domestication and improvement efforts Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-23 Pawan Basnet, Shelby Ellison
Pennycress (Thlaspi arvense L.) is a winter annual weed species that is distributed globally in temperate regions. The possibility of pennycress inclusion in the corn–soybean cropping system in the midwestern United States has garnered increasing attention from farmers. Growing pennycress offers environmental benefits—reducing soil erosion and nitrate leaching, improving water quality, early-season
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Foliar application of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate (DA-6) alleviated summer bentgrass decline and heat damage to creeping bentgrass Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-24 Zhou Li, Min Zhou, Hongyin Qi, Bizhen Cheng, Muhammad Jawad Hassan
Creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) is sensitive to supra-optimal temperature, which makes summer bentgrass decline (SBD) a main conundrum troubling turf manager. Diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate (DA-6) is an artificial and bioactive plant growth regulator affecting tolerance to various abiotic stresses. It is commercially available for field application due to multiple advantages such as low cost
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Biochar application improves the yield, lodging resistance, and lignin synthesis mechanism in rice Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-20 Diankai Gong, Zhengjin Xu, Wenjing Zheng, Guijin Dai, Ying Chen, Guangxing Yu
Biochar application elicits positive environmental and agricultural impacts owing to its physicochemical properties; however, the mechanism of biochar in regulating the lodging resistance in rice remains unclear. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of biochar application on rice yield, lodging-related traits, and enzymes activity and gene expression related to lignin biosynthesis
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Biomass partitioning reveals the adaptability of tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) in an arid ecosystem in Inner Mongolia, China Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-17 Jin Tan, Xiuqin Wu, Yuxin He, Yaning Li, Xu Li, Xiaomeng Yu
Tiger nuts (Cyperus esculentus L.) have been widely cultivated as a bioenergy crop in northern China. The value of tubers is receiving special attention, but the lack of information on how organs of tiger nuts coordinate resources to adapt to arid environments has limited the potential tuber production and diverse use. To address this knowledge gap, we experimented in the Ulan Buh Desert, Inner Mongolia
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Erratum to: Genotype–environment interaction and yield stability analysis of Colombian yellow diploid potato cultivars using mixed linear models and environmental covariates Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-13
Harverth Silva-Herrera | Luis E. Rodriguez-Molano | Jose M. Cotes-Torres This article corrects the following: There were observed inaccuracies in the legends of the graphs in Figure 1a–d. A new Figure 1a–d is provided. FIGURE 1 Open in figure viewer Estimated reaction norms for yield of 10 yellow diploid potato (Solanum tuberosum Group: Phureja) genotypes evaluated at 11 locations, in two consecutive
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Responsiveness of Arabica coffee cultivars to skeleton pruning in a low-altitude region Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-02 Vinicius Augusto Filla, Anderson Prates Coelho, Flávia Constantino Meirelles, Adailza Guilherme Cavalcante, Neuza Helena Carvalho de Oliveira, Leandro Borges Lemos
Skeleton pruning is a type of pruning that, by cutting lateral branches (plagiotropic), allows the reinvigoration of coffee plants through the renewal of productive branches. The crop response to this management may be affected by several factors, such as the trees age, crop practices, and, mainly, the genotype. This study aimed to identify the Arabica coffee cultivars with greatest responsiveness
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Recurrent selection for Fusarium head blight resistance in a durum wheat population Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-30 Runhao Wang, Jason Axtman, Yueqiang Leng, Evan Salsman, Justin Hegstad, Jason D Fiedler, Steven Xu, Shaobin Zhong, Elias Elias, Xuehui Li
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating fungal disease of wheat. Since early 1990s, frequent FHB epidemics in major wheat-growing regions have caused massive economic losses. Developing FHB-resistant varieties is key to minimize the loss caused by the disease. In durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum), however, it is challenged by lack of resistant sources. Introgression of resistance genes
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Deciphering the genetic architecture of anther culturability in rice using segregation distortion approach Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-30 Yuting Dai, Qiyan Hu, Junhua Ye, Rongjian Tu, Kaizhen Xie, Yue Qiu, Can Cheng, Jihua Zhou, Fuan Niu, Bin Sun, Anpeng Zhang, Yanhua Zeng, Liming Cao, Huangwei Chu
Anther culture is a promising technique used in rice (Oryza sativa L.) breeding, although the genetic mechanisms associated with anther culturability remain elusive. In the process of in vitro anther culture, favorable alleles for anther culture are preferentially transmitted to doubled haploid (DH) populations, resulting in biased segregation of DH populations. Therefore, the segregation distortion
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Minimal light requirements and performance under reduced photosynthetic photon flux of GA2ox-transformed and conventional Kentucky bluegrass Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-30 C. Reed, R. Harriman, M. Koch, C. Baldwin, D. Gardner, B. Chang, B. Wherley
Shade stress is a common problem encountered in turfgrass management situations worldwide. Shade reduces photosynthetic photon flux (PPF), alters light quality, reduces air movement, and may introduce tree root competition. As a species, Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) possesses relatively poor shade tolerance, which limits its use in reduced light environments. However, genetic alteration of
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Early detection of Kentucky bluegrass and perennial ryegrass responses to drought stress by measuring chlorophyll fluorescence parameters Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-22 Michael Itam, David Hall, David Kramer, Emily Merewitz
Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.; drought resistant) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.; drought sensitive) are economically important grass species contrasting in drought stress resistance. This study determined the optimal chlorophyll fluorescence parameters to indicate drought incidence and whether the parameters differentiate intra- and interspecies variations in drought stress. For
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Historic winter wheat yield, production, and economic value trends in Kansas, the “Wheat State” Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-22 Johnathan D. Holman, Augustine K. Obour, Daniel O'Brien, Yared Assefa
Year-to-year weather variability and technologies (fertilizer, irrigation, herbicides, conservation tillage, varieties, mechanization, and others) are among factors that affect winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yields in water-limited cropping systems. The objective of these analyses was to quantify winter wheat yield trends, variability, relationship with weather, yield gap, and value in the “Wheat
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Characterization of yellow-green leaf1 mutant for improved phosphorus use efficiency and rapid offspring screening in Tartary buckwheat Crop Sci. (IF 2.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-19 Yan Wang, Xuling Chen, Zhixiu Guan, Li Yang, Dabing Xiang, Yan Wan, Kai Jiang, Chenggang Liang
Leaf color mutations provide valuable genetic resources for elucidating the molecular regulatory mechanisms of plant growth and serve as efficient tools for screening offspring in crossbreeding. In this study, a Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) mutant with yellow-green leaves (yl1) was isolated from 60Co-γ-radiation mutation bank. Compared to wild type (WT), yl1 showed similar biomass and yield