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Sex differences in foraging ecology of a zooplanktivorous little auk Alle alle during the pre-laying period: insights from remote sensing and animal-tracking Front. Zool. (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Dariusz Jakubas, Katarzyna Wojczulanis-Jakubas, Lech Marek Iliszko
Energy and time allocation in seabirds differ between consecutive stages of breeding given various requirements of particular phases of the reproductive period. Theses allocations may also be sex-specific considering differential energetic or nutritional requirements of males and females and/or sexual segregation in foraging niches and/or areas. In this study we investigated the foraging ecology of
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Dietary monoglyceride supplementation to support intestinal integrity and host defenses in health-challenged weanling pigs J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Cameron S White, Chien-Che Hung, Saraswathi Lanka, Carol W Maddox, Adriana Barri, Adebayo O Sokale, Ryan N Dilger
Frequent incidence of post-weaning enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) diarrhea in the swine industry contributes to high mortality rates and associated economic losses. In this study, a combination of butyric, caprylic, and capric fatty acid monoglycerides was investigated to promote intestinal integrity and host defenses in weanling pigs infected with ETEC. A total of 160 pigs were allotted to
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A long-snouted marine bonytongue (Teleostei: Osteoglossidae) from the early Eocene of Morocco and the phylogenetic affinities of marine osteoglossids Zool. J. Linn. Soc. (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Alessio Capobianco, Samir Zouhri, Matt Friedman
Osteoglossid bonytongues (arapaimas, arowanas, and relatives) are extant tropical freshwater fishes with a relatively abundant and diverse fossil record. Most osteoglossid fossils come from a 25-million-year interval in the early Palaeogene, when these fishes were distributed worldwide in both freshwater and marine environments. Despite their biogeographic and palaeoecological relevance, and a relative
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What frog gill resorption brings: loss of function, cell death, and metabolic reorganization Front. Zool. (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Liming Chang, Wei Zhu, Jianping Jiang
Anuran metamorphosis, which is driven by thyroid hormone (TH)-mediated processes, orchestrates intricate morphological and functional transformations for the transition from aquatic tadpoles to terrestrial life, providing a valuable model for studying organ functionalization, remodeling, and regression. Larva-specific organ regression is one of the most striking phenomena observed during the anuran
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Standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids in Chinese fermented soybean meal from different sources fed to mid and late gestating sows J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Guowei Li, Ya Wang, Junhao Zhang, Shengyu Xu, Yan Lin, Lun Hua, Jian Li, Bin Feng, Zhengfeng Fang, Xuemei Jiang, Yong Zhuo, Lianqiang Che, De Wu
We determined apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and standardized ileal digestibility (SID) values of crude protein (CP) and amino acids (AA) in fermented soybean meal from five different sources (FSBM 1-5) in China when fed to mid and late gestating sows. Twenty-four parity four sows (12 at 30 days in gestation and 12 at 80 days in gestation) were fitted with a T-cannula in the distal ileum and used
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How do grazing beef and dairy cattle respond to virtual fences? A review J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-15 Lisa Wilms, Martin Komainda, Dina Hamidi, Friederike Riesch, Juliane Horn, Johannes Isselstein
Virtual fencing (VF) is a modern fencing technology that requires the animal to wear a device (e.g. a collar) that emits acoustic signals to replace the visual cue of traditional physical fences (PF) and, if necessary, mild electric signals. The use of devices that provide electric signals leads to concerns regarding the welfare of virtually fenced animals. The objective of this review is to give an
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The Inflammatory Injury of Porcine Small Intestinal Epithelial Cells Induced by Deoxynivalenol is Related to the Decrease of Glucose Transport J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-15 Xiaopeng Tang, Yan Zeng, Kangning Xiong, Meijun Li
The present study aimed to investigate the effects of deoxynivalenol (DON) stimulation on inflammatory injury and the expression of the glucose transporters sodium-dependent glucose transporter 1 (SGLT1) and glucose transporter protein 2 (GLU2) in porcine small intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2). Additionally, the study aimed to provide initial insights into the connection between the expression
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Trace mineral source and chromium propionate supplementation affect performance and carcass characteristics in feedlot steers J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-13 Jerry W Spears, Huey Yi Loh, Karen E Lloyd, Jeff S Heldt, Terry E Engle
Angus-crossbred steers (n = 400; 369.7 ± 7.6 kg) were used to determine the influence of trace mineral (TM) source and chromium propionate (Cr Prop) supplementation on performance, carcass characteristics, and ruminal and plasma variables in finishing steers. Steers were blocked by body weight (BW) and randomly assigned within block to treatments in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement, with factors being:
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Impact of deoxynivalenol in a calcium depletion and repletion nutritional strategy in piglets J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-13 Béatrice Sauvé, Frédéric Guay, Marie-Pierre Létourneau Montminy
This study evaluated the effect of dietary calcium (Ca) levels and deoxynivalenol (DON) contamination on Ca and phosphorus (P) utilization and bone mineralization in piglets. During an initial 13-day depletion phase, 64 piglets (15.7±0.7 kg) received a control (DON−) or DON-contaminated treatment (DON+, 2.7 mg DON/kg) with either a low Ca (Ca−, 0.39%) or normal Ca level (Ca+, 0.65%) with a constant
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Beyond the glow: proving the unity of pheromones and bioluminescent signals in glow-worm firefly courtship Zool. J. Linn. Soc. (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Martin Novák, Pavel Jakubec
Sexual communication in nocturnal fireflies has been presumed to be facilitated exclusively by bioluminescence, which has replaced the pheromones used by diurnal species. Although some fireflies are suspected of using combined signalling, this view has so far not been supported by empirical evidence, and these species have been viewed more as outliers. In this study, we have investigated the visual
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Dietary eubiotics of microbial muramidase and glycan improve intestinal villi, ileum microbiota composition and production trait of broiler J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol. (IF 7.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Sungbo Cho, Shanmugam Suresh Kumar, Santiago Ramirez, Rolando Valientes, In Ho Kim
Optimal gut health is important to maximize growth performance and feed efficiency in broiler chickens. A total of 1,365 one-day-old male Ross 308 broiler chickens were randomly divided into 5 treatments groups with 21 replicates, 13 birds per replicate. The present research investigated effects of microbial muramidase or a precision glycan alone or in combination on growth performance, apparent total
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Evolutionary and biogeographic patterns in the deep-sea echinoid families Pourtalesiidae Agassiz 1881 and Ceratophysidae fam. nov. (Echinoidea) Zool. J. Linn. Soc. (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Kirill V Minin, Alexandr N Mironov, Nikolay B Petrov, Irina P Vladychenskaya
The sea urchin family Pourtalesiidae is primarily an abyssal taxon, exhibiting extremely modified morphologies that have emerged as an adaptation for burrowing in soft sediment. Here, we present the first detailed molecular phylogeny of the family Pourtalesiidae. Both morphological and molecular evidence support the establishment of the family Ceratophysidae fam. nov. to accommodate seven former pourtalesiid
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Hesperidin ameliorates H2O2-induced bovine mammary epithelial cell oxidative stress via the Nrf2 signaling pathway J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol. (IF 7.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-09 Qi Huang, Jiashuo Liu, Can Peng, Xuefeng Han, Zhiliang Tan
Hesperidin is a citrus flavonoid with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential. However, its protective effects on bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMECs) exposed to oxidative stress have not been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the effects of hesperidin on H2O2-induced oxidative stress in bMECs and the underlying molecular mechanism. We found that hesperidin attenuated H2O2-induced cell
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Dietary fat supplementation relieves cold temperature-induced energy stress through AMPK-mediated mitochondrial homeostasis in pigs J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol. (IF 7.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Wei He, Xinyu Liu, Ye Feng, Hongwei Ding, Haoyang Sun, Zhongyu Li, Baoming Shi
Cold stress has negative effects on the growth and health of mammals, and has become a factor restricting livestock development at high latitudes and on plateaus. The gut-liver axis is central to energy metabolism, and the mechanisms by which it regulates host energy metabolism at cold temperatures have rarely been illustrated. In this study, we evaluated the status of glycolipid metabolism and oxidative
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Probiotic Pediococcus pentosaceus restored gossypol-induced intestinal barrier injury by increasing propionate content in Nile tilapia J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol. (IF 7.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-07 Feifei Ding, Nannan Zhou, Yuan Luo, Tong Wang, Weijie Li, Fang Qiao, Zhenyu Du, Meiling Zhang
Intestinal barrier is a dynamic interface between the body and the ingested food components, however, dietary components or xenobiotics could compromise intestinal integrity, causing health risks to the host. Gossypol, a toxic component in cottonseed meal (CSM), caused intestinal injury in fish or other monogastric animals. It has been demonstrated that probiotics administration benefits the intestinal
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Endotoxin-induced alterations of adipose tissue function: a pathway to bovine metabolic stress J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol. (IF 7.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-06 Miguel Chirivi, G. Andres Contreras
During the periparturient period, dairy cows exhibit negative energy balance due to limited appetite and increased energy requirements for lactogenesis. The delicate equilibrium between energy availability and expenditure puts cows in a state of metabolic stress characterized by excessive lipolysis in white adipose tissues (AT), increased production of reactive oxygen species, and immune cell dysfunction
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Pelleting and particle size reduction of corn increase net energy and digestibility of fiber, protein, and fat in corn-soybean meal diets fed to group-housed pigs J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol. (IF 7.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-05 Su A Lee, Diego A. Rodriguez, Chad B. Paulk, Hans H. Stein
Reduction of the particle size of corn increases energy digestibility and concentrations of digestible and metabolizable energy. Pelleting may also reduce particle size of grain, but it is not known if there are interactions between particle size reduction and pelleting. The objective of this experiment was to test the hypothesis that particle size reduction and pelleting, separately or in combination
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Extracellular vesicles-coupled miRNAs from oviduct and uterus modulate signaling pathways related to lipid metabolism and bovine early embryo development J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol. (IF 7.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Rosane Mazzarella, Karina Cañón-Beltrán, Yulia N. Cajas, Meriem Hamdi, Encina M. González, Juliano C. da Silveira, Claudia L. V. Leal, D. Rizos
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) present in oviductal (OF) and uterine fluid (UF) have been shown to enhance bovine embryo quality during in vitro culture by reducing lipid contents and modulating lipid metabolism-related genes (LMGs), while also influencing cell proliferation, suggesting their involvement on the regulation of different biological pathways. The regulation of signaling pathways related
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Dietary sodium acetate and sodium butyrate improve high-carbohydrate diet utilization by regulating gut microbiota, liver lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammation in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol. (IF 7.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Qiao Liu, Liangshun Cheng, Maozhu Wang, Lianfeng Shen, Chengxian Zhang, Jin Mu, Yifan Hu, Yihui Yang, Kuo He, Haoxiao Yan, Liulan Zhao, Song Yang
Adequate level of carbohydrates in aquafeeds help to conserve protein and reduce cost. However, studies have indicated that high-carbohydrate (HC) diet disrupt the homeostasis of the gut–liver axis in largemouth bass, resulting in decreased intestinal acetate and butyrate level. Herein, we had concepted a set of feeding experiment to assess the effects of dietary sodium acetate (SA) and sodium butyrate
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Pleomorphic adenoma gene (PLAG1) in reproduction and implication for embryonic survival in cattle: A review J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Michael J D’Occhio, Giuseppe Campanile, Pietro S Baruselli, Laercio R Porto Neto, Ben J Hayes, Alf Collins, Marina R S Fortes
The pleomorphic adenoma gene (PLAG1) encodes a DNA-binding, C2H2 zinc finger protein which acts as a transcription factor that regulates the expression of diverse genes across different organs and tissues; hence, the name pleomorphic. Rearrangements of the PLAG1 gene, and/or overexpression, are associated with benign tumors and cancers in a variety of tissues. This is best described for pleomorphic
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An efficient segmentation model for abnormal chicken droppings recognition based on improved deep dual-resolution network J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Pengguang He, Rui Wu, Da Liu, Jun Dou, Khawar Hayat, Dongmei Shang, Jinming Pan, Hongjian Lin
The characteristics of chicken droppings are closely linked to their health status. In prior studies, chicken droppings recognition is treated as an object detection task, leading to challenges in labeling and missed detection due to the diverse shapes, overlapping boundaries, and dense distribution of chicken droppings. Additionally, the use of intelligent monitoring equipment equipped with edge devices
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Effects of diets supplemented with bioactive peptides on nutrient digestibility, immune cell responsiveness, and fecal characteristics, microbiota, and metabolites of adult cats J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Patrícia M Oba, Vanessa M De La Guardia Hidrogo, Janelle Kelly, Jennifer Saunders-Blades, Andrew J Steelman, Kelly S Swanson
Bioactive peptides (BP) are recognized for their ability to function as antioxidants and maintain lipid stability. They may have positive health effects, including antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, osteoprotective, gut health and immunomodulatory properties, but are poorly tested in cats. Our primary objective was to determine the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of BP-containing
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Effects of dietary forage neutral detergent fiber and rumen degradable starch ratios on chewing activity, ruminal fermentation, ruminal microbes and nutrient digestibility of Hu sheep fed a pelleted total mixed ration J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-06 Zhian Zhang, Li Wang, Qinwu Li, Fei Li, Zhiyuan Ma, Fadi Li, Zongli Wang, Liang Chen, Xu Yang, Xinji Wang, Guo Yang
Pelleted total mixed ration (P-TMR) feeding, which has become a common practice in providing nutrition for fattening sheep, requires careful consideration of the balance between forage neutral detergent fiber (FNDF) and rumen degradable starch (RDS) to maintain proper rumen functions. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of the dietary FNDF/RDS ratio (FRR) on chewing activity, ruminal
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Sow Serenity: Automatic Long-Term Measurement of Lying Behavior in Crates and Free Farrowing Pens Using 3D Accelerometers J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-06 Maximilian Knoll, Lorenz Gygax, Edna Hillmann
Accelerometers are useful in analyzing lying behavior in farm animals. The effect of the farrowing system on sow lying behavior has been studied around parturition, but not long-term. In a natural environment, sows increase activity 14 days post parturition, which we expected to be also evident in housed sows when they can move freely. The objective of this study was i) to validate the methodology
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Integrative taxonomy supports the establishment of a new deep-sea family of Tanaidacea (Peracarida) Zool. J. Linn. Soc. (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-06 Magdalena Błażewicz, Aleksandra Jakiel, Graham J Bird, Maciej Studzian
The tanaidacean family Colletteidae is large and exhibits highly diverse morphologies. A significant structural feature, the cephalothorax-cheliped attachment, is one of the sources of this variation but is still poorly understood or resolved in phylogenetic terms. The presence (and wide intrafamily disparities) of a lateral carapacial sclerite associated with this articulation is the main contributor
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Temporal dynamics of genetic parameters and SNP effects for performance and disorder traits in poultry undergoing genomic selection J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Jennifer Richter, Jorge Hidalgo, Fernando Bussiman, Vivian Breen, Ignacy Misztal, Daniela Lourenco
Accurate genetic parameters are crucial for predicting breeding values and selection responses in breeding programs. Genetic parameters change with selection, reducing additive genetic variance and changing genetic correlations. This study investigates the dynamic changes in genetic parameters for residual feed intake (RFI), gain (GAIN), breast percentage (BP), and femoral head necrosis (FHN) in a
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Technical note: Utilization of various allotment strategies to evaluate variation and replications required to detect statistical significance in nursery pig research J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Abigail K Jenkins, Jenna J Bromm, Jordan T Gebhardt, Jason C Woodworth, Robert D Goodband, Mike D Tokach, Joel M DeRouchey
A total of 720 barrows (Line 200 × 400, DNA Genetics) were used in two 42-d nursery trials (initially 6.20 ± 0.12 kg and 5.63 ± 0.16 kg, respectively) to evaluate strategies for allotting pigs to pens in randomized controlled trials. At placement, the population was split into 3 cohorts with similar average weight and standard deviation and randomly assigned to 1 of 3 allotment strategies. Strategy
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Evaluation of ruminal methane and ammonia formation and microbiota composition as affected by supplements based on mixtures of tannins and essential oils using Rusitec J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol. (IF 7.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Giulia Foggi, Melissa Terranova, Matteo Daghio, Sergej L. Amelchanka, Giuseppe Conte, Simon Ineichen, Monica Agnolucci, Carlo Viti, Alberto Mantino, Arianna Buccioni, Michael Kreuzer, Marcello Mele
Dietary supplements based on tannin extracts or essential oil compounds (EOC) have been repeatedly reported as a promising feeding strategy to reduce the environmental impact of ruminant husbandry. A previous batch culture screening of various supplements identified selected mixtures with an enhanced potential to mitigate ruminal methane and ammonia formation. Among these, Q-2 (named after quebracho
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The recipient metabolome explains the asymmetric ovarian impact on fetal sex development after embryo transfer in cattle J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Isabel Gimeno, Pascal Salvetti, Susana Carrocera, Julie Gatien, Daniel Le Bourhis, Enrique Gómez
In cattle, lateral asymmetry affects ovarian function and embryonic sex, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unknown. The plasma metabolome of recipients serves to predict pregnancy after embryo transfer (ET). Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate whether the plasma metabolome exhibits distinct lateral patterns according to the sex of the fetus carried by the recipient and the active
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Short communication: A novel multispecies bacteria-based direct-fed microbial supports in vitro gut barrier integrity challenged with a pathogen or pro-inflammatory cytokines J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Erik J Boll, Giuseppe Copani, Bruno I Cappellozza
We conducted two experiments to evaluate the effects of a novel bacterial-based direct-fed microbial (DFM) on intestinal barrier integrity using the in vitro transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) assay. In experiment 1, human-derived Caco-2 cells received or not (CON) a DFM containing Ligilactobacillus (formerly Lactobacillus) animalis 506, Propionibacterium freudenreichii 507, Bacillus paralicheniformis
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MiRNA-21-5p induces chicken hepatic lipogenesis by targeting NFIB and KLF3 to suppress the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Yamei Wu, Jing Zhao, Can Cui, Yao Zhang, Qing Zhu, Shunshun Han, Chaowu Yang, Huadong Yin
The liver plays a critical role in metabolic activity and is the body's first immune barrier, and maintaining liver health is particularly important for poultry production. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in a wide range of biological activities due to their capacity as posttranscriptional regulatory elements. A growing body of research indicates that miR-21-5p plays a vital role as a modulator of
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Significant genomic introgression from grey junglefowl (Gallus sonneratii) to domestic chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol. (IF 7.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Xiurong Zhao, Junhui Wen, Xinye Zhang, Jinxin Zhang, Tao Zhu, Huie Wang, Weifang Yang, Guomin Cao, Wenjie Xiong, Yong Liu, Changqing Qu, Zhonghua Ning, Lujiang Qu
Chicken is one of the most numerous and widely distributed species around the world, and many studies support the multiple ancestral origins of domestic chickens. The research regarding the yellow skin phenotype in domestic chickens (regulated by BCO2) likely originating from the grey junglefowl serves as crucial evidence for demonstrating the multiple origins of chickens. However, beyond the BCO2
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Diagnostic survey of analytical methods used to determine bone mineralization in pigs J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Hadley R Williams, Mike D Tokach, Jason C Woodworth, Joel M DeRouchey, Robert D Goodband, Jon R Bergstrom, Michael C Rahe, Christopher L Siepker, Panchan Sitthicharoenchai, Steve M Ensley, Scott L Radke, Jordan T Gebhardt
Pigs from 64 commercial sites across 14 production systems in the Midwest US were evaluated for baseline biological measurements used to determine bone mineralization. There were 3 pigs selected from each commercial site representing: 1) a clinically normal pig (healthy), 2) a pig with evidence of clinical lameness (lame), and 3) a pig from a hospital pen that was assumed to have recent low feed intake
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The standardized ileal digestible lysine-to-net energy ratio in the diets of sows to optimize milk nitrogen retention is dynamic during lactation J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Madelaine C Watzeck, Lee-Anne Huber
Fifty-two multiparous sows (average parity 3.1 ± 0.9 and initial BW 245.6 ± 32.5 kg) were used to evaluate the effects of dietary standardized ileal digestible (SID) Lys-to-net energy (NE) ratios on nitrogen (N) utilization throughout a 24-day lactation period. Sows were randomly assigned to one of five isoenergetic feeding programs that provided equally spaced and increasing SID Lys-to-NE ratios between
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Characterizing sow feed intake during lactation to explain litter and subsequent farrowing performance J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Jorge Estrada, Danielle C Johnson, Kelsey L Kyle, Jeremy Perez, Eric Parr, Michael W Welch, Casey Neill, Beau A Peterson, Dustin D Boler
Variation in feed intake results in nearly 20% of sows consuming less than the recommended lysine (Lys) intake for lactating sows. The Lys requirement for lactating sows is based on litter size and piglet average daily gain which influences milk production. Litter size continues to increase every year causing the need for routine reevaluation of nutrient requirements. If dietary inclusion levels are
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Fine-grained image classification on bats using VGG16-CBAM: a practical example with 7 horseshoe bats taxa (CHIROPTERA: Rhinolophidae: Rhinolophus) from Southern China Front. Zool. (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Zhong Cao, Kunhui Wang, Jiawei Wen, Chuxian Li, Yi Wu, Xiaoyun Wang, Wenhua Yu
Rapid identification and classification of bats are critical for practical applications. However, species identification of bats is a typically detrimental and time-consuming manual task that depends on taxonomists and well-trained experts. Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNNs) provide a practical approach for the extraction of the visual features and classification of objects, with potential
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Processing of Corn-based Dog Foods through Pelleting, Baking and Extrusion and Their Effect on Apparent Total Tract Digestibility and Colonic Health of Adult Dogs J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-30 Isabella Corsato Alvarenga, Ryan Lierz, Youhan Chen, Andrea Lu, Nanyan Lu, Charles G Aldrich
Different food processing parameters may alter starch granule structure and its cooking degree. With lower thermomechanical energy, more resistant starch (RS) is retained in the food, which may benefit gastrointestinal (GI) health. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of food processing on dietary utilization and dog gut health. Experimental diets containing 56% corn as the sole
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Further draining of Discocyrtus to expand Neopachylinae (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae): absorption of taxa and establishment of new genera and species Zool. J. Linn. Soc. (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-30 Rafael N Carvalho, Adriano B Kury
The gonyleptids are one of the most diverse groups of harvestmen, exhibiting a vast range of sizes, shapes and behaviors. However, its internal classification, earlier based on meristic characters, particularly in larger groups such as Pachylinae and Discocyrtus, has been called into question by new proposals that consider morphological and molecular synapomorphies. Here, we aspire to evaluate the
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mRNA-Seq of testis and liver tissues reveals a testis-specific gene and alternative splicing associated with hybrid male sterility in dzo J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-29 Rui Hong, Jiaxin Wu, Xining Chen, Zhenghao Zhang, Xinyue Liu, Meichen Li, Fuyuan Zuo, Gong-Wei Zhang
Alternative splicing (AS) plays an important role in the co-transcription and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression during mammalian spermatogenesis. The dzo is the male F1 offspring of an interspecific hybrid between a domestic bull (Bos taurus ♂) and a yak (Bos grunniens ♀) which exhibits male sterility. This study aimed to identify the testis-specific genes and AS associated with hybrid
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Genomic regions and biological pathways associated with sex-limited reproductive traits in bovine species J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Babatunde S Olasege, Zhen Yin Oh, Muhammad S Tahir, Laercio R Porto-Neto, Ben J Hayes, Marina R S Fortes
Many animal species exhibit sex-limited traits, where certain phenotypes are exclusively expressed in one sex. Yet, the genomic regions that contribute to these sex-limited traits in males and females remain a subject of debate. Reproductive traits are ideal phenotypes to study sexual differences since they are mostly expressed in a sex-limited way. Therefore, this study aims to use local correlation
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Osteology of the derived Therizinosaur Nothronychus with evidence for convergence in dinosaurian evolution Zool. J. Linn. Soc. (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 David K Smith, David D Gillette
Therizinosaurs were a taxon of unusual theropods from North America and Asia. The derived therizinosaur Nothronychus graffami possessed a synsacrum and hip convergent with extant birds. The osteology is figured and described in detail supplemented with material from Nothronychus mckinleyi. Both species exhibit traits convergent with extant birds, ornithischian dinosaurs, and titanosaurs. As preserved
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Influence of low-level tannin supplementation on comparative growth-performance of Holstein and Angus x Holstein cross calf-fed concentrate-based finishing diets for 328 days J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Pedro H V Carvalho, Brooke C Latack, Marcos V C Ferraz, Lester J R P Nolasco, Willi R Meireles, Heitor O M Oliveira, Richard A Zinn
The objective of the current study was to evaluate the effects of tannin and monensin supplementation in feedlot diets and breed (Holstein vs. Angus × Holstein) on growth performance, energetic efficiency, and carcass characteristics. Eighty purebred Holstein calves (HOL; initial body weight (BW) = 130 ± 5 kg) and eighty Angus × Holstein calves (AXH; initial BW = 129 ± 6 kg) were blocked by initial
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Phylogeography of Korean field mouse Apodemus peninsulae (Rodentia: Muridae): an update Zool. J. Linn. Soc. (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Galina N Chelomina, Ilya G Meschersky, Helen Gajduchenko, Yuri M Borisov
To better understand the evolutionary and demographic histories of the Korean field mouse Apodemus peninsulae we examined mitochondrial (mt) cytochrome b gene sequences of 200 specimens from 65 localities in China, Japan, Korea, Mongolia, and Russia. The phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses revealed three major groups of haplotypes: “Chinese” (C), “Korean” (K) and “Russian” (R). C includes only
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Low crude protein formulation with supplemental amino acids for its impacts on intestinal health and growth performance of growing-finishing pigs J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol. (IF 7.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Marcos Elias Duarte, Wanpuech Parnsen, Shihai Zhang, Márvio L. T. Abreu, Sung Woo Kim
Low crude protein (CP) formulations with supplemental amino acids (AA) are used to enhance intestinal health, reduce costs, minimize environmental impact, and maintain growth performance of pigs. However, extensive reduction of dietary CP can compromise growth performance due to limited synthesis of non-essential AA and limited availability of bioactive compounds from protein supplements even when
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Effects of Different Supplemental Levels of Protease DE200 on the Production Performance, Egg Quality and Cecum Microflora of Laying Hens J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Peiran Cai, Shiqi Liu, Yuang Tu, Dabo Fu, Wei Zhang, Xixi Zhang, Ying Zhou, Tizhong Shan
This study aimed to investigate the effects of different levels of the protease DE200TM on the performance, egg quality, organ index and cecum microflora of Hy-line W36 laying hens. In this experiment, a total of 180 laying hens aged 300 days were randomly divided into three treatment groups and fed diets containing 0, 100 or 200 g/t DE200. The experimental period was eight weeks, including two weeks
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HEADING: 5-hydroxytryphophan mitigates ergot alkaloid J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-23 Eriton E L Valente, James L Klotz, Ryana C Markmann, J Lannett Edwards, David L Harmon
The impact of ergot toxicosis on livestock industries is detrimental and treatments are needed in many countries. The objective of this study was to evaluate effects of acute exposure to ergot alkaloids and 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) supplementation on feed intake, serotonin metabolism and blood metabolites in cattle. Eight Holstein steers (538 ± 18 kg) fitted with ruminal cannulas were used in a
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Optimal protein concentration in diets for sows during the transition period J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Jakob C Johannsen, Martin T Sørensen, Peter K Theil, Thomas S Bruun, Chantal Farmer, Takele Feyera
The aim of present study was to determine the optimal concentration of dietary protein required in transition diets for multiparous sows that enhance the farrowing process, colostrum production, and subsequent lactation performance. Forty-eight multiparous sows were allotted to one of six dietary treatments according to bodyweight (290 ± 3 kg) and parity (3.8 ± 0.2) from d 108 of gestation until 24
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Effects of heating soybeans on postruminal amino acid bioavailability, performance, and ruminal fermentation in lactating cows J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 E A Petzel, S Acharya, E C Titgemeyer, E A Bailey, D W Brake
Soybeans can provide ruminally degradable protein, lipid and metabolizable amino acid (AA) to lactating dairy cows; however, soy-based trypsin inhibitors can limit protein digestion in nonruminants. Eight ruminally cannulated lactating Holstein cows were used to evaluate the impacts of soy-based trypsin inhibitors on nutrient disappearance, lactation, and plasma AA bioavailability. Treatments were
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Improving Feed Intake and Rumen Fermentation in Lambs Using Mixed-Dimensional Attapulgite Clay to Adsorb Naturally-Occurring Mycotoxins J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Liang Chen, Fei Li, Zhiyuan Ma, Aiqin Wang, Yuru Kang, Baocang Liu, Hui Xu, Jiandong Li, Xinji Wang, Kaidong Li
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of including a mixed-dimensional attapulgite clay (MDA) into a naturally moldly diet for Hu lambs. Fifty male Hu lambs with similar initial body weight (28.24 ± 1.80 kg) were randomly allocated into five dietary treatments: a basal diet containing naturally occurring mycotoxins with 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 kg/t MDA, and basal diet with a commercial
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Reassessment of ‘Gyposaurus’ sinensis Young, 1941 (Dinosauria: Sauropodomorpha) from the Early Jurassic Lufeng Basin, Yunnan Province, China Zool. J. Linn. Soc. (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Ya-Ming Wang, Qi Zhao, Hai-Lu You
The Early Jurassic Lufeng Formation of Yunnan Province, southwestern China, has yielded a rich assemblage of early-branching sauropodomorphs. The syntype series of ‘Gyposaurus’ sinensis Young, 1941, represented by two skeletons from the Shawan Member of this formation, was the second-earliest named taxon after Lufengosaurus huenei Young, 1941. However, its taxonomic status has been debated ever since
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A new amphibamiform from the Early Permian of Texas elucidates patterns of cranial diversity among terrestrial amphibamiforms Zool. J. Linn. Soc. (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Calvin So, Jason D Pardo, Arjan Mann
Amphibamiform temnospondyls are at the forefront of discourse surrounding modern amphibian evolutionary origins. Here we present a new amphibamiform, Kermitops gratus gen. et sp. nov., from the Lower Clear Fork Formation of the Early Permian of Texas. Kermitops reveals a mosaic of features shared with other amphibamiforms and possesses unique characteristics, including an internarial fontanelle formed
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Effects of dietary protein level on intestinal function and inflammation in nursery pigs J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Sarah C Pearce, Mitchell J Nisley, Brian J Kerr, Chris Sparks, Nicholas K Gabler
High crude protein (CP; 21-26%) diets fed during the first 21 to 28 d post-weaning are viewed negatively because of a perceived increase in the incidence rates of diarrhea due to increased intestinal protein fermentation and/or augmented enteric pathogen burden. This is thought to antagonize nursery pig health and growth performance. Therefore, our objective was to evaluate the impact of low vs. high
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Ontogenetic development of limb bone microstructure in the king penguin, Aptenodytes patagonicus (Miller, 1778), with considerations for palaeoecological inferences in Sphenisciformes Zool. J. Linn. Soc. (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Aurore Canoville, Jean-Patrice Robin, Vivian de Buffrénil
Birds have colonized various habitats during their evolutionary history, including the aquatic environment. Several studies have investigated the gross morphological changes of the avian skeleton in response to increasing swimming capabilities, but few have documented in detail the microstructural specializations associated with this process. Bone microstructure is nevertheless often used to reconstruct
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Molecular analysis of scats revealed diet and prey choice of grey wolves and Eurasian lynx in the contact zone between the Dinaric Mountains and the Alps Front. Zool. (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Elena Buzan, Hubert Potočnik, Boštjan Pokorny, Sandra Potušek, Laura Iacolina, Urška Gerič, Felicita Urzi, Ivan Kos
A comprehensive understanding of the dietary habits of carnivores is essential to get ecological insights into their role in the ecosystem, potential competition with other carnivorous species, and their effect on prey populations. Genetic analysis of non-invasive samples, such as scats, can supplement behavioural or microscopic diet investigations. The objective of this study was to employ DNA metabarcoding
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Rosemary leaf powder improves egg quality, antioxidant status, gut barrier function, and cecal microbiota and metabolites of late-phase laying hens Anim. Nutr. (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Lianhua Zhang, Junwei Ge, Fei Gao, Min Yang, Hui Li, Fei Xia, Hongtong Bai, Xiangshu Piao, Zhiying Sun, Lei Shi
This study sought to determine the effects of rosemary leaf powder (RP) on laying performance, egg quality, serum indices, gut barrier function, and cecal microbiota and metabolites of late-phase laying hens. A total of 84 “Jing Tint 6” laying hens at 65-week old were randomly divided into 2 groups and fed either a basal diet (CON) or a basal diet supplemented with 0.3% RP. Our study revealed that
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Magnitude and persistence of higher estrus associated temperatures in beef heifers and suckled cows J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Megan D Mills, Abigayle B Pollock, Ian E Batey, Michael A O’Neil, F Neal Schrick, Rebecca R Payton, Sarah E Moorey, Pablo Fioravanti, Will Hipsher, Saulo M Zoca, J Lannett Edwards
Higher estrus associated temperatures (HEAT) are a hallmark feature in sexually active females. The overarching aim of this study was to characterize the variability, magnitude, and persistence of HEAT in heifers and suckled beef cows as well as identify associated factors when occurring during thermoneutral conditions at the onset of the spring breeding season. In both heifers and cows, estrus was
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Effects of the kinetic pattern of dietary glucose release on nitrogen utilization, the portal amino acid profile, and nutrient transporter expression in intestinal enterocytes in piglets J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol. (IF 7.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Zexi Li, Yunfei Li, Yufei Zhao, Guifu Wang, Rujie Liu, Yue Li, Qamar Aftab, Zewei Sun, Qingzhen Zhong
Promoting the synchronization of glucose and amino acid release in the digestive tract of pigs could effectively improve dietary nitrogen utilization. The rational allocation of dietary starch sources and the exploration of appropriate dietary glucose release kinetics may promote the dynamic balance of dietary glucose and amino acid supplies. However, research on the effects of diets with different
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Updated single cell reference atlas for the starlet anemone Nematostella vectensis Front. Zool. (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Alison G. Cole, Julia Steger, Julia Hagauer, Andreas Denner, Patricio Ferrer Murguia, Paul Knabl, Sanjay Narayanaswamy, Brittney Wick, Juan D. Montenegro, Ulrich Technau
The recent combination of genomics and single cell transcriptomics has allowed to assess a variety of non-conventional model organisms in much more depth. Single cell transcriptomes can uncover hidden cellular complexity and cell lineage relationships within organisms. The recent developmental cell atlases of the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis, a representative of the basally branching Cnidaria
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L-DOPA attenuates the feed intake reduction caused by ergot alkaloids in cattle J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Eriton E L Valente, James L Klotz, Ryana C Markmann, Ronald J Trotta, J Lannett Edwards, John B May, David L Harmon
Consumption of ergot alkaloids from endophyte-infected tall fescue results in losses to the livestock industry in many countries and a means to mitigate these losses is needed. The objective of this study was to evaluate intra-abomasal infusion of the dopamine precursor, levodopa (L-DOPA), on dopamine metabolism, feed intake, and serum metabolites of steers exposed to ergot alkaloids. Twelve Holstein
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The Effects of Including Sprouted Barley with Alfalfa Hay in the Diet on Ruminal Health and Performance of Cow-Calf Pairs J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Zachary Cal Crump, Anthony Fernando Alberto, Bailee Lynn Brown, Bryce Wayne Roholt, Lillian Lelehua Okamoto, Mia Lynn Sego, Ryan Arthur Spurling, Robert Edward Ward, Brady Morris Blackett, Robert Lynn Harding, Sanjeewa Dilshan Ranathunga, Kara Jean Thornton
The world population is growing exponentially, increasing demand to produce high-quality protein for human consumption. Changes in weather patterns, drought, and decreased land resources due to urbanization have increased strain on the agriculture sector to meet world demands. An alternative method to combat these issues and continue to produce high-quality livestock feed would be through a controlled