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Insights on seasonal solifluction processes in warm permafrost Arctic landscape using a dense monitoring approach across adjacent hillslopes Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Sylvain Fiolleau, Sebastian Uhlemann, Ian Shirley, Chen Wang, Stijn Wielandt, Joel Rowland, Baptiste Dafflon
Solifluction processes in the Arctic are highly complex, introducing uncertainties in estimating current and future soil carbon storage and fluxes, and assessment of hillslope and infrastructure stability. This study aims to enhance our understanding of triggers and drivers of soil movement of permafrost-affected hillslopes in the Arctic. To achieve this, we established an extensive soil deformation
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Landscape position mediates drought vulnerability in California valley oak (Quercus lobata) Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Matthew L Trumper, Daniel Griffin, Michael D White
Future climate change will exacerbate drought stress in water-limited ecosystems. However, topography can alter the fine-scale climatic and hydrologic conditions that mediate plant response to meteorological drought. Here, with six new valley oak (Quercus lobata) tree-ring width chronologies, we assess how topography acts as a mediating factor on tree growth and drought sensitivity. Because valley
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Different responses of surface air temperature over Eurasia in early and late winter to the autumn Kara–Laptev Sea ice Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Haichen Guo, Zhicong Yin, Tianbao Xu, Botao Zhou
The Arctic climate is changing rapidly, along with intensified melting of sea ice, which has significant impacts on surface air temperature (SAT) in Eurasia. This study reveals that the subseasonal response of SAT to the autumn Kara–Laptev Sea ice (KLSIC) differs significantly between early and late winter. The response of SAT to KLSIC forms a warm Arctic–cold Eurasia pattern in early winter. Conversely
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The impact of stratospheric aerosol heating on the frozen hydrometeor transport pathways in the tropical tropopause layer Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 C A Kroll, S Fueglistaler, H Schmidt, T Dauhut, C Timmreck
The exceptionally low temperature in the tropical tropopause layer (TTL) restricts the amount of water vapor entering the stratosphere. However, moisture may also enter the stratosphere in its frozen state, and the amount thereof depends on hydrometeor sedimentation and air vertical velocity. We investigate the sensitivity of frozen hydrometeor transport pathways to substantial perturbations of the
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The size and composition of residual emissions in integrated assessment scenarios at net-zero CO2 Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 William F Lamb
Residual emissions are an important category of analysis in climate targets and scenarios, describing the emissions that would need to be compensated by carbon dioxide removal to reach net zero CO2. This article sheds light on the size and composition of residual emissions in integrated assessment modelling (IAM) scenarios at net-zero CO2, using the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 6th assessment
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Summer drought weakens land surface cooling of tundra vegetation Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Nils Rietze, Jakob J Assmann, Elena Plekhanova, Kathrin Naegeli, Alexander Damm, Trofim C Maximov, Sergey V Karsanaev, Geert Hensgens, Gabriela Schaepman-Strub
Siberia experienced a prolonged heatwave in the spring of 2020, resulting in extreme summer drought and major wildfires in the North-Eastern Siberian lowland tundra. In the Arctic tundra, plants play a key role in regulating the summer land surface energy budget by contributing to land surface cooling through evapotranspiration. Yet we know little about how drought conditions impact land surface cooling
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Land-free bioenergy from circular agroecology—a diverse option space and trade-offs Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Fei Wu, Stefan Pfenninger, Adrian Muller
Bioenergy from energy crops is a source of negative emissions and carbon-neutral fuels in many 1.5/2 ∘C IPCC pathways. This may compete with other land uses. In contrast, ancillary biomass like by-products and waste is not primarily grown for energy and thus without land/food/feed competition. Here, we examine the availability and environmental impacts of ancillary bioenergy from agricultural sources
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Connections between low- and high- frequency variabilities of stratospheric northern annular mode and Arctic ozone depletion Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Yueyue Yu, Yufeng Wu, Jiankai Zhang, Zhengfei Cui, Chunhua Shi, Jian Rao, Dong Guo, Xin Xia
Previous studies have demonstrated a dynamical linkage between the ozone and stratospheric polar vortex strength, but only a few have mentioned the persistence of the anomalous vortex. This study uses the complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise to decompose the winter stratospheric northern annular mode (NAM) variabilities into relatively low frequencies (>4 months) and high
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Role of external forcing in the time-varying trends of global-mean surface temperature under current and future climates Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Pingting Gu, Bolan Gan, Wenju Cai, Lixin Wu
The decadal-scale global-mean surface temperature (GMST) trend fluctuates between rapid-warming, slow-warming and cooling under the combined action of external forcing (EX) and internal variability. However, the principal contributors to the time-varying trends of GMST across decadal scales in current and future climates remain elusive. Here, by leveraging observations and initial-condition large ensembles
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Daytime cooling efficiencies of urban trees derived from land surface temperature are much higher than those for air temperature Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Meng Du, Niantan Li, Ting Hu, Qiquan Yang, TC Chakraborty, Zander Venter, Rui Yao
Accurately capturing the impact of urban trees on temperature can help optimize urban heat mitigation strategies. Recently, there has been widespread use of remotely sensed land surface temperature (T s) to quantify the cooling efficiency (CE) of urban trees. However, remotely sensed T s reflects emitted radiation from the surface of an object seen from the point of view of the thermal sensor, which
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Understanding climate changes in East Asia and Europe based on spatial climate analogs Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Seungmok Paik, Soon-Il An, Andrew D King, Soong-Ki Kim, Seung-Ki Min
Spatial climate analogs effectively illustrate how a location’s climate may become more similar to that of other locations from the historical period to future projections. Also, novel climates (emerging climate conditions significantly different from the past) have been analyzed as they may result in significant and unprecedented ecological and socioeconomic impacts. This study analyzes historical
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Adaptation to heat stress: a qualitative study from Eastern India Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Aditya K Khetan, Shreyas Yakkali, Hem H Dholakia, Vittal Hejjaji
Heat stress adversely impacts a growing proportion of individuals in India. The heat-related lived experiences of Indians in smaller towns and villages are largely unknown. We conducted seven structured focus group discussions in the town of Dalkhola, West Bengal, India; with 5–10 participants in each group. All conversations were digitally audio recorded, transcribed into Bengali, and then translated
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Demand-side climate change mitigation: where do we stand and where do we go? Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Felix Creutzig, Joyashree Roy, Jan Minx
It is now well established that the demand side can contribute substantially to climate change mitigation thus increasing the solution space. The recent IPCC synthesis report for the first time explicitly reflected this class of solutions. Here, we provide an overview of an unique set of 22 review papers published in the focus issue of Environmental Research Letters. We also extract a key set of insights
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Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) detects large gas seeps in Alaska lakes Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Melanie Engram, Katey Walter Anthony
Reservoirs of 14C-depleted methane (CH4), a potent greenhouse gas, residing beneath permafrost are vulnerable to escape where permafrost thaw creates open-talik conduits. However, little is known about the magnitude and variability of this methane source or its response to climate change. Remote-sensing detection of large gas seeps would be useful for establishing a baseline understanding of sub-permafrost
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Unveiling the role of tropical Pacific on the emergence of ice-free Arctic projections Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Sharif Jahfer, Kyung-Ja Ha, Eui-Seok Chung, Christian L E Franzke, Sahil Sharma
The observed sea ice concentration (SIC) over the Arctic has receded substantially in recent decades, and future model projections predict a seasonally ice-free Arctic in the second half of this century. Nevertheless, the impact of the Pacific on Arctic sea ice projections has yet to receive much attention. Observations show that summertime Arctic SIC growth events are related to the weakening of the
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Combining a climate-permafrost model with fine resolution remote sensor products to quantify active-layer thickness at local scales Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Caiyun Zhang, Thomas A Douglas, David Brodylo, Lauren V Bosche, M Torre Jorgenson
Quantification of active-layer thickness (ALT) over seasonally frozen terrains is critical to understand the impacts of climate warming on permafrost ecosystems in cold regions. Current large-scale process-based models cannot characterize the heterogeneous response of local landscapes to homogeneous climatic forcing. Here we linked a climate-permafrost model with a machine learning solution to indirectly
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Lagged effect of Southern Annular Mode on chlorophyll-a in the mid-latitude South Pacific and Indian Oceans Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Jae-Seung Yoon, Keyhong Park, Jisoo Park, Taewook Park, Tae-Wook Kim
This study investigates the influence of the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) on chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentrations and the underlying mechanisms governing their associated environmental variations in the mid-latitude (35–50° S) ocean from 1998 to 2021. The intensification of westerly winds during positive SAM phases influences meridional water transport and mixed layer depth (MLD), which are both critical
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Global expansion of wildland-urban interface (WUI) and WUI fires: insights from a multiyear worldwide unified database (WUWUI) Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Wenfu Tang, Cenlin He, Louisa Emmons, Junzhe Zhang
Fires in the wildland-urban interface (WUI) are an important issue globally. To understand the change of WUI, we develop a 9 km worldwide unified wildland-urban interface database for 2001–2020 with Random Forest models and satellite data. We find that WUI has been increasing in all populated continents from 2001 to 2020 and the global relative increase is 24%, with the largest relative increase (∼59%)
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Global evidence of rapid flash drought recovery by extreme precipitation Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Shanti Shwarup Mahto, Vimal Mishra
Flash drought affects agricultural activities and water availability. However, the rate of flash drought development and termination and their controlling mechanisms remain mostly unexplored. Using climate reanalysis (ERA5) datasets, we examine the flash drought development and recovery rates in seventeen climate regions across the globe during the 1981–2020 period. In most global climate regions,
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Challenges in accelerating net-zero transitions: insights from transport electrification in Germany and California Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Karoline S Rogge, Nicholas Goedeking
Addressing the climate crisis necessitates accelerating transitions towards climate-neutral systems of production and consumption, with electrification emerging as a crucial decarbonisation strategy. The acceleration of such net-zero transitions across multiple systems faces significant resistance and contestation. In this paper, we propose an extended list of challenges unique to the acceleration
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Exploring the potential for nitrogen fertilizer use mitigation with bundles of management interventions Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Christian Folberth, Stephen A Wood, Michael Wironen, Martin Jung, Timothy M Boucher, Deborah Bossio, Michael Obersteiner
Mineral nitrogen (N) fertilizer use is essential to maintain high-yielding cropping systems that presently provide food for nearly half of humanity. Simultaneously, it causes a range of detrimental impacts such as greenhouse gas emissions, eutrophication, and contamination of drinking water. There is growing recognition of the need to balance crop production with the impacts of fertilizer use. Here
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Rotational complexity across US counties is currently insufficient to observe yield gains in major crops Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Emily K Burchfield, Michael S Crossley, Katherine S Nelson
Landscape complexity promotes ecosystem services and agricultural productivity, and often encompasses aspects of compositional or configurational land cover diversity across space. However, a key agricultural diversification practice, crop rotation, extends crop land cover complexity concurrently across space and time. Long-term experiments suggest that complex crop rotations can facilitate yield increases
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Post-drainage vegetation, microtopography and organic matter in Arctic drained lake basins Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Juliane Wolter, Benjamin M Jones, Matthias Fuchs, Amy Breen, Ingeborg Bussmann, Boris Koch, Josefine Lenz, Isla H Myers-Smith, Torsten Sachs, Jens Strauss, Ingmar Nitze, Guido Grosse
Wetlands in Arctic drained lake basins (DLBs) have a high potential for carbon storage in vegetation and peat as well as for elevated greenhouse gas emissions. However, the evolution of vegetation and organic matter is rarely studied in DLBs, making these abundant wetlands especially uncertain elements of the permafrost carbon budget. We surveyed multiple DLB generations in northern Alaska with the
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Archetypes of community-based pond aquaculture in Indonesia: applying the social-ecological systems framework to examine sustainability tradeoffs Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Ben Nagel, Nurliah Buhari, Stefan Partelow
We analyze archetypes of farmer groups conducting pond aquaculture across the province of Nusa Tenggara Barat, Indonesia using Ostrom’s social-ecological systems framework. Pond aquaculture farmers share coastal irrigation infrastructure as common property, among other resources, and are encouraged by the government to organize into groups with varying sets of evolved rules, norms, social practices
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Divergent urban land trajectories under alternative population projections within the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Ryan A McManamay, Alen Raad, Chris R Vernon, Travis Thurber, Jing Gao, Stephen Powers, Brian O’Neill
Population change is a main driver behind global environmental change, including urban land expansion. In future scenario modeling, assumptions regarding how populations will change locally, despite identical global constraints of Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs), can have dramatic effects on subsequent regional urbanization. Using a spatial modeling experiment at high resolution (1 km), this study
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Unveiling the benefits and gaps of wild pollinators on nutrition and income Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Gabriela T Duarte, Richard Schuster, Matthew G E Mitchell
Pollinators play a crucial role in global crop production, enhancing crop yields, nutritional value and fruit quality. However, their wild populations worldwide have been experiencing alarming declines. We investigated the contribution of wild pollinators to nutrition and farmer income in Canada, while examining the spatial distribution of pollination services. We used publicly available data on crop
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Which data assimilation method to use and when: unlocking the potential of observations in shoreline modelling Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 M Alvarez-Cuesta, A Toimil, I J Losada
Shoreline predictions are essential for coastal management. In this era of increasing amounts of data from different sources, it is imperative to use observations to ensure the reliability of shoreline forecasts. Data assimilation has emerged as a powerful tool to bridge the gap between episodic and imprecise spatiotemporal observations and the incomplete mathematical equations describing the physics
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Spatial counterfactuals to explore disastrous flooding Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Bruno Merz, Viet Dung Nguyen, Björn Guse, Li Han, Xiaoxiang Guan, Oldrich Rakovec, Luis Samaniego, Bodo Ahrens, Sergiy Vorogushyn
Flood-prone people and decision-makers are often unwilling to discuss and prepare for exceptional events, as such events are hard to perceive and out of experience for most people. Once an exceptional flood occurs, affected people and decision-makers are able to learn from this event. However, this learning is often focussed narrowly on the specific disaster experienced, thus missing an opportunity
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Enhanced solar and wind potential during widespread temperature extremes across the U.S. interconnected energy grids Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Deepti Singh, Yianna S Bekris, Cassandra D W Rogers, James Doss-Gollin, Ethan D Coffel, Dmitri A Kalashnikov
Several recent widespread temperature extremes across the United States (U.S.) have been associated with power outages, disrupting access to electricity at times that are critical for the health and well-being of communities. Building resilience to such extremes in our energy infrastructure needs a comprehensive understanding of their spatial and temporal characteristics. In this study, we systematically
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Lead occurrence in North Carolina well water: importance of sampling representation and collection techniques Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Linnea Wilson, Wesley Hayes, C Nathan Jones, Lauren A Eaves, Kory D Wait, Andrew George, Brady Freeman, Wilson Mize, Jon Fowlkes, Jefferson Currie, Michael Burchell, Kathleen Gray, Rebecca C Fry, Kelsey J Pieper
Private wells often lack centralized oversight, drinking water quality standards, and consistent testing methodologies. For lead in well water, the lack of standardized data collection methods can impact reported measurements, which can misinform health risks. Here, we conducted a targeted community science testing of 1143 wells across 17 counties in North Carolina (USA) and compared results to state
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Health cost impacts of extreme temperature on older adults based on city-level data from 28 provinces in China Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Yan-Yan Yu, Qiao-mei Liang, Juan-juan Hou, Minoru Fujii, Ta-na Qian, Zi-yan He, He-jing Wang
Extreme temperature exposure can have a considerable impact on the health of older adults. China, which has entered a deeply aging society, may be obviously threatened by extreme weather. Based on data obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, we apply a panel fixed effect model to investigate the impact of extreme temperature on medical costs for older adults. The results reveal
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Quantifying the compound hazard of freezing rain and wind gusts across CONUS Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Jacob Coburn, Rebecca J Barthelmie, Sara C Pryor
The co-occurrence of freezing rain, ice accumulation and wind gusts (FZG) poses a significant hazard to infrastructure and transportation. However, quantification of the frequency and intensity of FZG is challenged by the lack of direct icing measurements. In this work, we evaluate and then apply an energy balance model to high-frequency data collected during 2005–2022 to derive hourly ice accumulation
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Potential nitrogen mobilisation from the Yedoma permafrost domain Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Jens Strauss, Maija E Marushchak, Lona van Delden, Tina Sanders, Christina Biasi, Carolina Voigt, Loeka L Jongejans, Claire Treat
Permafrost regions, characterised by extensive belowground excess ice, are highly vulnerable to rapid thaw, particularly in areas such as the Yedoma domain. This region is known to freeze-lock a globally significant stock of soil nitrogen (N). However, the fate of this N upon permafrost thaw remains largely unknown. In this study, we assess the impact of climate warming on the size and dynamics of
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The thermal effect of snow cover on ground surface temperature in the Northern Hemisphere Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Xiaoqing Peng, Oliver W Frauenfeld, Yuan Huang, Guanqun Chen, Gang Wei, Xuanjia Li, Weiwei Tian, Guangshang Yang, Yaohua Zhao, Cuicui Mu
Snow cover is critical to the ground thermal regime because it affects surface conditions and the energy balance. Prior work inherently included confounding effects from vegetation and the soil when estimating the snow’s effect by using the differences between air and ground surface or soil temperature. Here we use the Kudryavtsev model including a snow module to isolate the effect of only the snow
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A systematic review of forest area development drivers estimated under the concepts of environmental Kuznets curve and forest transition hypothesis Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Julia Tandetzki, Margret Köthke, Franziska Schier, Holger Weimar
Over the last 30 years, more than 150 different drivers of forest area development have been investigated in peer-reviewed statistical analysis of the environmental Kuznets curve for deforestation (EKCd) and the forest transition hypothesis (FTH). However, there is no synthesis which of these drivers significantly contribute to changes in forest land expansion, like deforestation and forest recovery
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Health benefits to the pediatric population from reduction of ambient particulate matter in Krakow, Poland Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Agnieszka Pac, Renata Majewska, Natalia Nidecka, Elzbieta Sochacka-Tatara, Frederica P Perera
There have been few assessments of the health benefits to children of policies aimed at curbing fossil fuel-related air pollution. This has resulted in a lack of awareness regarding their positive impact on the health of this vulnerable population. We estimated the pediatric health benefits of policies targeting coal burning in one of Europe’s most polluted cities, Kraków, Poland. We combined available
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Simulating the impact of typhoons on air‐sea CO2 fluxes on the northern coastal area of the South China Sea Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Zhao Meng, Yuping Guan, Yang Feng
The South China Sea is a typhoon-prone region, and previous studies have shown that typhoons have significant impacts on air-sea CO2 fluxes. However, the effect of typhoons on the northern coastal area of the South China Sea is not well understood owing to limited observational data. In this study, we used a coupled model to simulate the impact of four typhoons (Hato, Mangkhut, Nida, and Merbok) on
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Potential impact of wintertime Arctic forcing on the subsequent sea surface temperature anomalies in the tropical eastern Pacific Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Yuanyuan Guo, Xiaodan Chen
Despite extratropical forcing being recognized as an important factor that can modulate El Niño-Southern oscillation (ENSO) properties on the interannual time scale, little is known about whether and how Arctic forcing changes the tropical sea surface temperature (SST). This current study reveals a significant link between the net surface sensible heat flux (SHF) in the Arctic and the SST anomalies
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The impact of tropical sea surface temperature on extreme precipitation in Pakistan during the summer of 2022 Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Yulan Luo, Lin Liu, Yun Zhang, Shahbaz Mehmood, Yang Yang, Guang Yang, Yongliang Duan, Qiuchi Li, Ai Zeng, Weidong Yu
In August 2022, Pakistan experienced an unprecedented precipitation event that caused significant damage. Analysis of the observations reveals that this extreme rainfall is primarily driven by anomalous atmospheric zonal advection, resulting in an anomalous water vapor concentration in Pakistan. The climatological meridional advection also contributes to this flooding. Anomalous easterly winds and
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Multi-objectives optimization can contribute to conservation and restoration priority setting in dryland region Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Siqi Sun, Xin Liu, Cong Wang, Wei Jiang, Ruiming Ma, Nen Ao, Jianying Guo, Yihe Lü
The ecological conservation and restoration of drylands is a global challenge, which is always under resources constraints and in competition with land developments. Here, we aim to identify ecological conservation and restoration priority areas based on the objectives of maximizing ecological values and minimizing opportunity costs with zonation as a heuristic spatial optimization tool. We take the
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Enlarged carbon footprint inequality considering household time use pattern Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Yin Long, Liqiao Huang, Yuan Li, Quan Wen, Yoshikuni Yoshida
Examining household carbon emissions through a supply chain perspective reveals the climate impact of consumption behaviors and variations across societal structures and features. Despite the evident and expanding environmental inequality, strategies for its mitigation and prioritization remain debated. This study investigates the origins of carbon emission inequalities from household consumption,
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Children’s health impacts from a proposed decarbonization policy in the transportation sector in the Eastern United States Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Alique G Berberian, Frederica Perera, Saravanan Arunachalam, Jonathan I Levy, Laura Buckley, Calvin Arter, Kaitlyn E Coomes, Jonathan J Buonocore
Health impact assessments have estimated substantial health co-benefits of climate change mitigation strategies due to reductions in air pollution in the US; however, few studies have considered children’s health impacts and related equity implications. We estimated the potential health co-benefits to children related to improved air quality associated with various emissions cap and investment scenarios
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Association of exposure to extreme rainfall events with cause-specific mortality in North Carolina, US Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Kevin Chan, Jie Ban, Yiqun Ma, Kai Chen
Extreme rainfall events could influence human health. However, the associations between extreme rainfall events and mortality remain rarely explored. Here, we conducted a time-series study using county-level mortality data in North Carolina during 2015–2018 to estimate the associations between extreme rainfall events and cause-specific mortality. We defined an extreme rainfall event as a day when a
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Cropland abandonment between 1986 and 2018 across the United States: spatiotemporal patterns and current land uses Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Yanhua Xie, Seth A Spawn-Lee, Volker C Radeloff, He Yin, G Philip Robertson, Tyler J Lark
Knowing where and when croplands have been abandoned or otherwise removed from cultivation is fundamental to evaluating future uses of these areas, e.g. as sites for ecological restoration, recultivation, bioenergy production, or other uses. However, large uncertainties remain about the location and time of cropland abandonment and how this process and the availability of associated lands vary spatially
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Quantifying landscape fragmentation and forest carbon dynamics over 35 years in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Igor S Broggio, Celso H L Silva-Junior, Marcelo T Nascimento, Dora M Villela, Luiz E O C Aragão
The Brazilian Atlantic Forest (AF) covers 13% of Brazil but retains only 26% of its original forest area. Utilizing a Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis (MSPA), we generated 30 m spatial resolution fragmentation maps for old-growth and secondary forests across the AF. We quantified landscape fragmentation patterns and carbon (C) dynamics over 35 years using MapBiomas data between the years 1985
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Divergent features of the upper-tropospheric carbonaceous aerosol layer: effects of atmospheric dynamics and pollution emissions in Asia, South America, and Africa Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Dongyou Wu, Shirui Yan, Jinxia Zhang, Yang Chen, Yuxuan Xing, Jiecan Cui, Xin Wang, Jun Liu, Wei Pu
The upper-tropospheric carbonaceous aerosol layer (TCAL) represents the increase of aerosols in the upper-troposphere. It was first discovered over Asia but was found in this study to also occur over South America and Africa. The TCALs over three regions typically exist during the strong deep convection season, with the Asian, South American, and African TCALs showing peak intensity during July–August
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Bioenergy in Europe is unlikely to make a timely contribution to climate change targets Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Bumsuk Seo, Calum Brown, Heera Lee, Mark Rounsevell
Increasing bioenergy production is a significant component of European efforts to mitigate climate change, but has contested potential for reducing emissions. We use an integrated land system model to explore the effects of large-scale bioenergy production within the European Union on carbon balances. We find that increased bioenergy crop production is likely to cause substantial deforestation and
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Eurasian mid-latitude jet stream bridges an Atlantic to Asia summer teleconnection in heat extremes Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Yu Nie, Hong-Li Ren, Jinqing Zuo, Jie Wu, Adam A Scaife, Nick J Dunstone, Steven C Hardiman
Northern Europe and Northeast Asia, which are climatologically mild and temperate in early summer, both witnessed record-breaking heat extremes in June 2023. With a focus on the subseasonal time scale, this study highlights a teleconnected relationship in historical early-summer heat extremes between Northern Europe and Northeast Asia. By diagnosing the thermal budget and wave activity flux, we show
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How well do multi-fire danger rating indices represent China forest fire variations across multi-time scales? Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Yuxian Pan, Jing Yang, Qichao Yao, Stacey New, Qing Bao, Deliang Chen, Chunming Shi
To better support wildfire predictions and risk assessment, multiple fire danger rating indices (FDRIs) have been developed but their credibility in China remains obscure. Compared with the satellite fire observations, 13 FDRIs are evaluated for the historical (2003–2021) forest fire frequency in China from four different time scales: active seasons, trends, interannual variations (IAVs) and discrimination
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Concurrent drought and heatwave events over the Asian monsoon region: insights from a statistically downscaling CMIP6 dataset Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Lianlian Xu, Wei Yu, Song Yang, Tuantuan Zhang
Concurrent drought and heatwave (CONDH) can cause tremendous ramifications on socioeconomic activities and human health, and the drought-heatwave (D-H) dependence was revealed to be one of the major factors of the CONDH across most global land regions. However, insufficient attention has been paid on the CONDH over the Asian monsoon region, and the impact of the D-H dependence is even more rarely considered
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Widespread reduction in gross primary productivity caused by the compound heat and drought in Yangtze River Basin in 2022 Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Tingyu Li, Shaoqiang Wang, Bin Chen, Yingping Wang, Shiliang Chen, Jinghua Chen, Yuhan Xiao, Ye Xia, Ziqi Zhao, Xuan Chen, Yunhao Jiang, Peng Gu
Terrestrial ecosystems play a pivotal role in the global carbon sequestration process, and their photosynthetic capacity is highly susceptible to fluctuations in climate conditions. In 2022, the Yangtze River Basin (YRB) in China experienced an extensive and severe compounded heat and drought event. Compared with the past two decades, our results revealed that the temperature increased by approximately
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Sea surface temperature driven modulation of decadal co-variability in mean and extreme precipitation Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Mustapha Adamu, Shayne McGregor, Ailie J E Gallant
This study investigates the role that sea surface temperature (SST) variability plays in modulating the relationship between decadal-scale mean precipitation and monthly-scale extreme precipitation using the Australian Community Climate and Earth System Simulator Earth System model (ACCESS ESM1.5) climate model. The model large ensemble successfully reproduces the observed strong co-variability between
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Agrivoltaic system design tools for managing trade-offs between energy production, crop productivity and water consumption Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Emily Warmann, G Darrel Jenerette, Greg A Barron-Gafford
Agrivoltaic systems that locate crop production and photovoltaic energy generation on the same land have the potential to aid the transition to renewable energy by reducing the competition between food, habitat, and energy needs for land while reducing irrigation requirements. Experimental efforts to date have not adequately developed an understanding of the interaction among local climate, array design
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Modulation of the impact of winter-mean warm Arctic-cold Eurasia pattern on Eurasian cold extremes by the subseasonal variability Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Sai Wang, Minghu Ding, Guancheng Li, Wen Chen
Utilizing ERA5 data, this study provides evidence that both the winter-mean state and subseasonal variability (SSV) of the warm Arctic-cold Eurasia (WACE) pattern significantly influence the frequency of cold extremes in Eurasia. The positive phase of winter-mean WACE (WACEMean) or a stronger SSV of WACE (WACESSV) corresponds to a higher occurrence of cold extremes over central Eurasia and East Asia
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An analysis of roadside particulate matter pollution and population exposure over the Pearl River Delta region of China under clear-sky condition using new ultra-high-resolution PM2.5 satellite-retrieval algorithms Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Y Wu, H F Lee, R R Deng, S H L Yim
Roadside air pollution is one of the serious air pollution problems in urban areas. Even though roadside air pollution has been reported to cause adverse human health impacts, the spatial distribution of roadside air pollution in a large urban agglomeration has yet to be fully assessed. This study aimed to analyse roadside fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution and the population exposure in 11
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Coal transitions—part 2: phase-out dynamics in global long-term mitigation scenarios Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Jan C Minx, Jerome Hilaire, Finn Müller-Hansen, Gregory Nemet, Francesca Diluiso, Robbie M Andrew, Ceren Ayas, Nico Bauer, Stephen L Bi, Leon Clarke, Felix Creutzig, Ryna Yiyun Cui, Frank Jotzo, Matthias Kalkuhl, William F Lamb, Andreas Löschel, Niccolò Manych, Malte Meinshausen, Pao-Yu Oei, Glen P Peters, Benjamin Sovacool, Jan C Steckel, Sebastian Thomas, Annabelle Workman, John Wiseman
A rapid phase-out of unabated coal use is essential to limit global warming to below 2 °C. This review presents a comprehensive assessment of coal transitions in mitigation scenarios consistent with the Paris Agreement, using data from more than 1500 publicly available scenarios generated by more than 30 integrated assessment models. Our ensemble analysis uses clustering techniques to categorize coal
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Revisiting permafrost carbon feedback and economic impacts Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Yang Zhu, Kang Wang, Wenxian Jiao, Jinlong Xu
Quantifying permafrost carbon feedback (PCF) is a critical step in conveying the significance of permafrost carbon emissions to decision-makers and stakeholders and achieving sustainable development goals. Simply assuming a rapid reduction in permafrost area may be an overaggressive approach. This study revisited PCF by incorporating relatively clear permafrost physics into the Dynamic Integrated model
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Observed links between heatwaves and wildfires across Northern high latitudes Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 D Hegedűs, A P Ballinger, G C Hegerl
Data on Arctic and Sub-Arctic summer heat events are limited due to the sparse network of surface observation stations. Here, we analyze large heat events within 60°–80°N using land surface temperature (LST) observations from the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensor aboard the Terra satellite. Our heatwave (HW) detection method uses exceedances of the climatological 90th percentile
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Local-scale heterogeneity of soil thermal dynamics and controlling factors in a discontinuous permafrost region Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Chen Wang, Ian Shirley, Stijn Wielandt, John Lamb, Sebastian Uhlemann, Amy Breen, Robert C Busey, W Robert Bolton, Susan Hubbard, Baptiste Dafflon
In permafrost regions, the strong spatial and temporal variability in soil temperature cannot be explained by the weather forcing only. Understanding the local heterogeneity of soil thermal dynamics and their controls is essential to understand how permafrost systems respond to climate change and to develop process-based models or remote sensing products for predicting soil temperature. In this study
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Inequalities in urban air pollution in sub-Saharan Africa: an empirical modeling of ambient NO and NO2 concentrations in Accra, Ghana Environ. Res. Lett. (IF 6.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Jiayuan Wang, Abosede S Alli, Sierra N Clark, Majid Ezzati, Michael Brauer, Allison F Hughes, James Nimo, Josephine Bedford Moses, Solomon Baah, Ricky Nathvani, Vishwanath D, Samuel Agyei-Mensah, Jill Baumgartner, James E Bennett, Raphael E Arku
Road traffic has become the leading source of air pollution in fast-growing sub-Saharan African cities. Yet, there is a dearth of robust city-wide data for understanding space-time variations and inequalities in combustion related emissions and exposures. We combined nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and nitric oxide (NO) measurement data from 134 locations in the Greater Accra Metropolitan Area (GAMA), with