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Measuring factors affecting honey bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) attraction to soybeans using bioacoustics monitoring J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Karlan C Forrester, Chia-Hua Lin, Reed M Johnson
Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is an important agricultural crop around the world, and previous studies suggest that honey bees (Apis mellifera Linnaeus) can be a component for optimizing soybean production through pollination. Determining when bees are present in soybean fields is critical for assessing pollination activity and identifying periods when bees are absent so that bee-toxic pesticides
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Range-wide genetic analysis of an endangered bumble bee (Bombus affinis, Hymenoptera: Apidae) reveals population structure, isolation by distance, and low colony abundance J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 John M Mola, Ian S Pearse, Michelle L Boone, Elaine Evans, Mark J Hepner, Robert P Jean, Jade M Kochanski, Cale Nordmeyer, Erik Runquist, Tamara A Smith, James P Strange, Jay Watson, Jonathan B U Koch
Declines in bumble bee species range and abundances are documented across multiple continents and have prompted the need for research to aid species recovery and conservation. The rusty patched bumble bee (Bombus affinis) is the first federally listed bumble bee species in North America. We conducted a range-wide population genetics study of B. affinis from across all extant conservation units to inform
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Characterization and correlation of the probing behaviors of Macrosteles quadrilineatus (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) with electropenetrography (EPG) waveforms J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-30 Berenice Romero, Joanna Rojek, Tyler Wist, Sean M Prager
Aster leafhopper (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Macrosteles quadrilineatus Forbes) is a polyphagous insect species that migrates into the upper Midwest of the United States and the Western Canadian Prairies. Populations of this insect are associated with the transmission of a plant pathogen (Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris, 16SrI) to several annual crops and perennial plant species. Previous studies suggest
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Impacts of winter warming events on spruce budworm: the importance of timing J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-30 Eric R D Moise, Jamie Warren, Joseph J Bowden
Winter climate change constitutes not only a shift in chronic conditions (i.e., shorter length and warmer average temperatures) but will also influence the dynamics of extreme warming events. The latter may be particularly important for the performance and survival of insects, given their susceptibility to temperature variation. However, metabolic sensitivity changes over the course of winter diapause
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Effects of protein levels on production performance, nutritional values, and phase feeding of two-spotted cricket J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-30 Chanwit Kaewtapee, Punsak Triwai, Chama Inson, Roungthip Masmeatathip, Piyapong Sriwongras
Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of different protein levels on the growth performance, feed efficiency and nutritional values, and phase feeding of the 2-spotted cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus de Geer). In experiment 1, 4 crude protein (CP) diets were formulated to contain 18%, 20%, 22%, or 24% CP, respectively. A sample of 7-day-old 3,600 crickets was equally divided into 24
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Food and time: dietary plasticity of different sources of a generalist insect herbivore J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Katherine Hernandez, M Deane Bowers
Painted lady butterflies (Vanessa cardui L., Nymphalidae) are generalist herbivores and serve as a model system across several fields of biology. While it has been demonstrated that V. cardui caterpillars can develop on different host plants, much of this work has been done on commercially sourced caterpillars, which could limit our understanding of wild V. cardui populations. In this study, we sought
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Genetic characterization of 2 Ceutorhynchus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) weevils with mitogenomes and insights into the phylogeny and evolution of related weevils J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Xinghao Li, Rufan Li, Fuqiang Rao, Rong An, Jianchang Li, Zhenlan Zhang, Yonghong Li, Deguang Liu
The rape stem weevil (Ceutorhynchus asper Roel.) and its close relatives primarily breed on cruciferous plants and cause severe damage to rapeseed production. However, their genetic and molecular information is still scarce. Here, we generated mitogenomes for both C. asper and Ceutorhynchus albosuturalis. The lengths of the 2 mitochondrial genomes are 14,207 bp (C. asper) and 15,373 bp (C. albosuturalis)
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The effect of diet composition on the diversity of active gut bacteria and on the growth of Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Loretta Mugo-Kamiri, Marina Querejeta, Ben Raymond, Elisabeth A Herniou
Gut microbiota plays a functional role in nutrition among several insects. However, the situation is unclear in Lepidoptera. Field studies suggest the microbiome may not be stable and is determined by diet, while in the laboratory, Lepidoptera are routinely reared on diet containing antibiotics with unknown effects on microbial communities. Furthermore, molecular approaches for the characterization
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Limited genetic variability and spatial population structure in grasshoppers between natural and metal-contaminated areas in Egypt J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Mustafa Soliman, Abdulrhman Almadiy, Rasha Al-Akeel, Thomas Hesselberg, Amr Mohamed
Pollutants in an environment can have long-term implications for the species living there, resulting in local adaptations with implications for their genetic structure. Heavy metal pollutants infiltrate soils and groundwater, bioaccumulate in food webs, and negatively impact biota. In this study, we investigated the degree to which the genetic structure and variability of the slender green-winged grasshopper
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Identification of nectar sources foraged by female mosquitoes in Canada J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Bryan J Cassone, Ben G Pilling, Ana Borrego-Benjumea, Christophe M R LeMoine
For many mosquito species, the females must obtain vertebrate blood to complete a gonotrophic cycle. These blood meals are frequently supplemented by feeding on sugary plant nectar, which sustains energy reserves needed for flight, mating, and overall fitness. Our understanding of mosquito nectar foraging behaviors is mostly limited to laboratory experiments and direct field observations, with little
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A comprehensive sampling of mitogenomes shows the utility to infer phylogeny of termites (Blattodea: Termitoidae) J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Miao-Miao Wang, Nan Song, Shi-Bao Guo, Xin-Ming Yin
The mitogenome sequence data have been widely used in inferring the phylogeny of insects. In this study, we determined the complete mitogenome for Macrotermes sp. (Termitidae, Macrotermitinae) using next-generation sequencing. Macrotermes sp. possesses a typical insect mitogenome, displaying an identical gene order and gene content to other existing termite mitogenomes. We present the first prediction
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Susceptibility of Mangifera indica (Sapindales: Anacardiaceae) cultivars to fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in 2 agroecological zones of Cameroon J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Didi Gaëlle Mokam, Ndakabo Atougour, Zephirin Tadu, Désirée Chantal Aléné, Ezechiel Awono, Serge Lontsi Tapeo, Leonard Simon Ngamo Tinkeu, Champlain Djieto-Lordon
The Sudano-Sahelian and the high Guinea savannahs agroecological zones of Cameroon are suitable for the full development of tree crops, including mango. Unfortunately, fresh fruits exported to local and international markets are frequently rejected due to the presence of fruit fly larvae (Diptera: Tephritidae), resulting in drastic income losses and overuse of chemical control products. To promote
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New records of three parasitoids, Pteroptrix chinensis, Aphytis hispanicus, and Marlattiella prima (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) associated with an exotic scale, Lopholeucaspis japonica (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) in Tennessee J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Johnson Alfred Daniel, James B Woolley, Karla M Addesso
A survey for parasitoids of Lopholeucaspis japonica Cockerell (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), an exotic scale of woody ornamentals, resulted in the discovery of 3 species of aphelinid parasitoid wasps, Pteroptrix chinensis (Howard), Aphytis hispanicus (Mercet), and Marlattiella prima Howard. This serves as the first report of these parasitoids reared from a host in the state of Tennessee, USA. Despite routine
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Comparative transcriptomic and metabolomics analysis of modified atmosphere responses in Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Min Zhou, Biying Pan, Liwen Guan, Yuanyuan Wang, Kangkang Xu, Shigui Wang, Bin Tang, Can Li
Modified atmosphere is effective in controlling Tribolium castaneum Herbst, but it has adaptations. Comprehending the potential mechanism of resistance to T. castaneum in a modified atmosphere will help advance related management methods. This study conducted a comparative transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis to understand the physiological mechanism of T. castaneum in adapting to CO2 stress. Results
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Pollen diet diversity across bee lineages varies with lifestyle rather than colony size J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Kedar Devkota, Charles F dos Santos, Patrick D Souza-Santos, Jenifer D Ramos, Alex Otesbelgue, Binayak Prakash Mishra, Eduardo A B Almeida, Betina Blochtein
The shift to a pollen diet and the evolution of more highly organized societies, i.e., eusocial, were key milestones in bee diversification over their evolutionary history, culminating in a high dependence on feeding broods with a large variety of floral resources. Here, we hypothesized that obligatory eusocial bees have a wider diet diversity than their relatives with solitary lifestyles, and this
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Functional response of Franklinothrips vespiformis (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae) to eggs and nymphs of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Erich N Schoeller, Joshua Hogan, Cindy L McKenzie, Lance S Osborne
The Middle East Asia Minor 1 biotype of Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is a greenhouse and field crop pest of global significance. The objective of this study was to assess the potential of the generalist predatory thrips, Franklinothrips vespiformis Crawford (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae), as a biological control agent for B. tabaci. This was achieved by determining the functional
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Mitochondrial genomes of Nemourinae species (Plecoptera: Nemouridae) and the phylogenetic implications J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Ying Wang, Caiyue Guo, Xiaoxiao Yue, Xing Fan, Yuying Fan, Jinjun Cao
Currently, the classification system of 2 subfamilies within Nemouridae has been widely accepted. However, monophyly of 2 subfamilies has not been well supported by molecular evidence. To date, only mitogenomes from genus Nemoura of the subfamily Nemourinae were used in previous phylogenetic studies and produced conflicting results with morphological studies. Herein, we analyzed mitogenomes of 3 Nemourinae
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Effects of photoperiod and temperature on the developmental duration and diapause in Dolycoris baccarum (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) from Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Ruilin Tian, Zhanming Hou, Song Li, Hua Chai
The shield bug, Dolycoris baccarum (L.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae), is widely distributed across Asia and Europe. At high latitudes, it overwinters, as adult in diapause, which then becomes the insect source for the following year. To fully understand the developmental duration and diapause characteristics of D. baccarum, the effects of photoperiod and temperature were studied in a population from
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Oviposition behavior of the quasi-gregarious parasitoid, Ooencyrtus kuvanae (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Richard W Hofstetter, Kenneth F Raffa, Miriam Halevy
The parasitoid wasp, Ooencyrtus kuvanae (Howard) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), is a natural enemy of the spongy moth, a significant forest pest in North America. We investigated the oviposition behavior of O. kuvanae females on spongy moth egg masses by (i) presenting female parasitoids with a single spongy moth egg mass that was replaced every day, 2nd day, 4th day, 8th day, or 16th day (which is the
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Analysis of comb-gnawing behavior in Apis cerana cerana (Hymenoptera: Apidae) J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Qingxin Meng, Rong Huang, Hui Li, Xueyang Gong, Dan Yue, Wutao Jiang, Yakai Tian, Kun Dong
Apis cerana cerana exhibits a prominent biological trait known as comb gnawing. In this study, gnawed combs from colonies during different seasons were collected, investigating the comb age and locations of gnawing. Patterns of comb gnawing were recorded, and the effects of 2 factors, namely, comb type and season, on the mass of wax residues and the gnawed surface area were measured. The results revealed
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Molecular characterization of Vitellogenin-like1 gene in Sogatella furcifera (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), and its function on reproduction J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Changyu Xu, Fei Li, Maolin Hou, Yudi Liu
In this study, a vitellogenin like1 gene (SfVg-like1) in Sogatella furcifera was identified. The open reading frame (ORF) encoded 1,321 amino acid sequence. Structure analysis reveals that the amino acid sequence of SfVg-like1 has 3 conserved LPD_N, DUF1943 and VWFD domains. Phylogenetic analyses showed that SfVg-like1 was clustered in the same branch with the Vg-like1 of Nilaparvata lugens (100% bootstrap
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Application of noninvasive sampling technique in mitochondrial genome intraspecific phylogeny of the endangered butterfly, Teinopalpus aureus (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Wen-Jing Yang, Gui-Qiang He, Chao-Bin Huang, Shan-Yi Zhou, Feng-Hai Jia, Ju-Ping Zeng
The butterfly genus of Teinopalpus, endemic to Asia, embodies a distinct species of mountain-dwelling butterflies with specific habitat requirements. These species are rare in the wild and hold high conservation and research value. Similar to other protected species, the genetic analysis of the rare Teinopalpus aureus poses challenges due to the complexity of sampling. In this study, we successfully
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Parasitoid–host interaction behaviors in relation to host stages in the Tamarixia triozae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)–Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera: Triozidae) system J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-25 Chen Chen, Xiong Z He, Peng Zhou, Qiao Wang
Females of host-feeding parasitic wasps often partition hosts of different stages for feeding and parasitization, but the underlying behavioral mechanisms are largely unknown, making it difficult to evaluate parasitoid–host interactions and their effects on biological control success. Tamarixia triozae (Burks) is an ectoparasitoid of tomato-potato psyllid Bactericera cockerelli (Šulc), which utilizes
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A method for sampling parasitized Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) puparia from soil J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-25 Clarissa Capko, Jason Thiessen, Lana Harach, Jessica L Fraser, Michelle T Franklin, Paul K Abram
Methods to measure the diversity and biological control impact of parasitoids for the control of spotted-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) are being developed in support of biological control programs around the world. Existing methods to determine parasitism levels and parasitoid species composition focus on sampling D. suzukii within fresh and rotting fruit
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Report of Citrus tristeza virus in Diaphorina citri (Hemiotera: Liviidae) insects of different sexes, color morphs, and developmental stages J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Jingtian Zhang, Yuxin Xiao, Panpan Hu, Longtong Chen, Xiaoling Deng, Meirong Xu
Diaphorina citri, also known as the Asian citrus psyllid, is the main vector of ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ (CLas) associated with citrus Huanglongbing. It has been reported that D. citri could also be infected by Citrus tristeza virus (CTV), a virus that has been previously reported to be vectored by certain aphid species. In this study, the CTV and CLas profiles in different organs, color
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First report of the complete mitochondrial genome of 3 beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) harming Gastrodia elata (Asparagales: Orchidaceae) J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Tingting Long, Wenli Zhu, Lin Yang, Jiankun Long, Zhimin Chang, Xiangsheng Chen
Gastrodia elata Blume, a valuable traditional Chinese medicine with significant clinical and nutritional importance, is a fungal heterotrophic orchid. We present the first report of the mitochondrial genome structure and characteristics of 3 Scarabaeidae pests affecting G. elata: Sophrops peronosporus Gu & Zhang, Anomala rufiventris Kollar & Redtenbacher, and Callistethus plagiicollis Fairmaire. Each
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Impact of diapause on the cuticular hydrocarbons and physiological status of Hippodamia variegata J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Mahsa Khabir, Hamzeh Izadi, Kamran Mahdian
The spotted amber ladybird, Hippodamia variegata (Goeze) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), is known to be a potent predator of aphids, psyllids, whiteflies, mealybugs, and some butterfly species. This ladybeetle overwinters in the diapausing adult stage. The current study aimed to evaluate the impact of diapause on the energy resources and cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) of the female ladybeetle, specifically
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Population genetic structure of tropical bed bug (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) populations and their breeding pattern in Iraq J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-17 Hussein Ali Baqir, Abdul Hafiz Ab Majid
A study was conducted to investigate the population genetic structure and breeding pattern of 140 tropical bed bugs, Cimex hemipterus (F.) (Hemiptera: Cimicidae), collected from 14 infested sites in major cities in Iraq. The samples were genotyped using a set of 7 polymorphic microsatellite markers. High genetic variety was seen among populations, with an average of 2–9 alleles per locus. The number
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Length–mass allometries of the larvae of aquatic dipterans: differences between taxa, morphological traits, and methods J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-17 Julien Mocq, Vladimíra Dekanová, David S Boukal
Body mass underpins many ecological processes at the level of individuals, populations, and communities. Often estimated in arthropods from linear morphological traits such as body length or head width, these relationships can vary even between closely related taxa. Length–mass relationships of mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) larvae are poorly known despite the importance of this family to disease and
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Unraveling biotypes of the northern house mosquito, Culex pipiens s.l. (Diptera: Culicidae): molecular differentiation and morphometric analysis J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-10 Ingrid E Alvial, Raquel Hernández-P, Manuel J Suazo, Christian R González, David Véliz, Hugo A Benítez
Geometric morphometrics was used to determine whether geographic isolation could explain differences in wing size and shape between and within continental (27°S to 41°S) and insular (Rapa Nui) populations of Culex pipiens s.s. Linnaeus and their biotypes (f. pipiens and f. molestus). Molecular protocols based on polymorphisms in the second intron of nuclear locus ace-2 (acetylcholinesterase-2) were
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Brochosome size variation and its influence on leafhopper (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) wing wettability J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-10 Elizabeth Bello, Marianne Alleyne
Insect wing surfaces have nano- and microscale features that enable multi-functionality. Leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) are unique in that they produce and excrete nanoscale particles, called brochocosomes, that are spread onto the integument by the insect. Brochosomes are extra-cuticular, removable, and make the integument both superhydrophobic and anti-reflective, 2 greatly desired properties
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Using electric fields to control insects: current applications and future directions J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-10 Ndey Bassin Jobe, Astha Chourasia, Brian H Smith, Elies Molins, Andreas Rose, Theodore P Pavlic, Krijn P Paaijmans
Chemical-based interventions are mostly used to control insects that are harmful to human health and agriculture or that simply cause a nuisance. An overreliance on these insecticides however raises concerns for the environment, human health, and the development of resistance, not only in the target species. As such, there is a critical need for the development of novel nonchemical technologies to
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Social conditions facilitate water conservation in a solitary bee J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-03 Madeleine M Ostwald, Valentina A Venegas, Katja C Seltmann
Climatic stressors are important drivers in the evolution of social behavior. Social animals tend to thrive in harsh and unpredictable environments, yet the precise benefits driving these patterns are often unclear. Here, we explore water conservation in forced associations of a solitary bee (Melissodes tepidus timberlakei Cockerell, 1926) to test the hypothesis that grouping can generate synergistic
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Identification, expression profiles, and binding properties of chemosensory protein 18 in Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-31 Xingtao Qie, Xizhong Yan, Han Wang, Fangyuan Li, Liming Hu, Chi Hao, Li Ma
Chemosensory proteins (CSPs) are highly efficient carry tools to bind and deliver hydrophobic compounds, which play an important role in the chemosensory process in insects. The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is a cosmopolitan pest that attacks cruciferous crops. However, the detailed physiological functions of CSPs in P. xylostella remain limited to date. Here
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Dynamics of dimorphic workers of Constrictotermes cyphergaster (Blattodea: Termitidae) during nest repair J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-10 Marllon Rinaldo de Lima Andrade, Igor Eloi, Mário Herculano de Oliveira, Maria Avany Bezerra-Gusmão
Termite nest repairs are considered a defensive conduct as they reduce the colony’s exposure to the external environment. Repair activities are carried out by worker castes that can be polymorphic, representing a relationship between polymorphism and divisions of functions that can enhance task completion. Repairs are influenced by the extent of damage, nest volume, and the population dynamics of the
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A preliminary survey reveals that common viruses are found at low titers in a wild population of honey bees (Apis mellifera) J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Myra Dickey, Mckaela Whilden, Jordan Twombly Ellis, Juliana Rangel
A major threat to honey bee (Apis mellifera Linnaeus, Hymenoptera: Apidae) health continues to be parasitism by the mite Varroa destructor, which has been linked to high colony losses worldwide. Besides feeding on developing and adult bees, Varroa is also a prolific vector of honey bee-associated viruses. Because they live in unmanaged conditions, wild honey bee colonies are not treated against Varroa
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Phenylacetaldehyde induced olfactory conditioning in Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae) larvae J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-14 Md Zeeshan Ali, Anushree Anushree, Anwar L Bilgrami, Aarif Ahsan, Mohammad Shamsul Ola, Rizwanul Haque, Jawaid Ahsan
Phenylacetaldehyde (PAH), an aromatic odorant, exists in varied fruits including overripe bananas and prickly pear cactus, the 2 major host fruits of Drosophila melanogaster. It acts as a potent ligand for the Ionotropic receptor 84a (IR84a) and the Odorant receptor 67a (OR67a), serving as an important food and courtship cue for adult fruit flies. Drosophila melanogaster larvae respond robustly to
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British Columbia beekeeping revenues and costs: survey data and profit modeling J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Miriam Bixby, Morgan Cunningham, Leonard Foster, Heather Higo, Nuria Morfin
British Columbia beekeepers, like many beekeepers around the world, are currently facing declines in honey bee health and high overwinter colony losses. To better understand the economics and the cycle of yearly colony loss and replacement of this critical agricultural industry, we collected and analyzed survey data on beekeeping costs and returns. Forty British Columbia beekeepers provided details
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Oxalic acid application method and treatment intervals for reduction of Varroa destructor (Mesostigmata: Varroidae) populations in Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Cody Prouty, Hossam F Abou-Shaara, Branden Stanford, James D Ellis, Cameron Jack
Oxalic acid (OA) is a popular miticide used to control Varroa destructor (Mesostigmata: Varroidae) in western honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies. Our aim was to investigate which method of OA application (dribbling, fogging, or vaporizing) was the most effective at reducing V. destructor infestations (Experiment 1) and to improve upon this method by determining the treatment
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A volatilized pyrethroid insecticide from a mosquito repelling device does not impact honey bee foraging and recruitment J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Margaret J Couvillon, Bradley D Ohlinger, Connor Bizon, Lindsay E Johnson, Laura C McHenry, Benjamin E McMillan, Roger Schürch
Because nontarget, beneficials, like insect pollinators, may be exposed unintentionally to insecticides, it is important to evaluate the impact of chemical controls on the behaviors performed by insect pollinators in field trials. Here we examine the impact of a portable mosquito repeller, which emits prallethrin, a pyrethroid insecticide, on honey bee foraging and recruitment using a blinded, randomized
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No impact of hygienic behavior and viral coinfection on the development of European foulbrood in honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies during blueberry pollination in Michigan J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Peter D Fowler, Declan C Schroeder, Jessica L Kevill, Meghan O G Milbrath
European foulbrood (EFB) is a severe disease of honey bee (Apis mellifera) larvae caused by the bacterium Linnaeus [Hymenoptera: Apidae]) Melissococcus plutonius (ex White) Bailey and Collins (Lactobacillales: Enterococcaceae). Many beekeepers in North America report severe EFB following blueberry pollination, but it is not clear what factors during pollination are related to clinical disease. Additionally
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Effects of ingested essential oils and propolis extracts on honey bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) health and gut microbiota J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Allyson Martin Ewert, Michael Simone-Finstrom, Quentin Read, Claudia Husseneder, Vincent Ricigliano
Managed honey bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Apis mellifera Linnaeus) hives require frequent human inputs to maintain colony health and productivity. A variety of plant natural products (PNPs) are delivered via feeding to control diseases and reduce the use of synthetic chemical treatments. However, despite their prevalent use in beekeeping, there is limited information regarding the impact of ingested
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Immature stages of Phloeosinus tacubayae (Curculionidae: Scolytinae): morphology and chaetotaxy of larva and pupa, sexual dimorphism of adults, and developmental time J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Montserrat Cervantes-Espinoza, Enrico Alejandro Ruiz, Gerardo Cuellar-Rodríguez, Ulises Castro-Valderrama, Francisco Armendáriz-Toledano
The current knowledge of morphology and chaetotaxy of the different developmental stages within the subfamily Scolytinae presents an information deficit that needs to be addressed. Thus, the objective of the present study was to describe, the chaetotaxy and morphology of larvae and pupae, and determine the number of larval instars, the sexual dimorphism in adults, and the development time in Phloeosinus
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Review: the risks of spray adjuvants to honey bees J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Brandon Shannon, Hongyoung Jeon, Reed M Johnson
Pesticide applications are often made as tank mixes containing multiple pesticide products and may include spray adjuvants to enhance pesticidal activities. The primary aim of adjuvant products is to increase the spreading and sticking of spray droplets and to increase the penetration of active ingredients through the cuticles of leaves or targeted pests, which can reduce the amount of active ingredient
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Carbohydrate nutrition associated with health of overwintering honey bees J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Gabriela Quinlan, Mehmet Ali Döke, Yarira Ortiz-Alvarado, Norma Rodriguez-Gomez, Yilmaz Berk Koru, Robyn Underwood
In temperate climates, honey bees rely on stored carbohydrates to sustain them throughout the winter. In nature, honey serves as the bees’ source of carbohydrates, but when managed, beekeepers often harvest honey and replace it with cheaper, artificial feed. The effects of alternative carbohydrate sources on colony survival, strength, and individual bee metabolic health are poorly understood. We assessed
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Effect on genetic diversity of the absence of intraspecies preference in 2 sympatric Reticulitermes termite species (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Jia Wu, Ya-Nan Dong, Tong Niu, Huan Wang, Ali Hassan, Bei Du
The recombinant genotypes that can be produced when closely related species mate improve the genetic diversity of the population. Among closely related species, the link between interspecific reproduction behaviors and genetic diversity has barely been studied. Reticulitermes chinensis and R. flaviceps, which live close to each other, were used as research subjects in our study to find out how preferring
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Inducing a summer brood break increases the efficacy of oxalic acid vaporization for Varroa destructor (Mesostigmata: Varroidae) control in Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Jennifer A Berry, S Kris Braman, Keith S Delaplane, Lewis J Bartlett
The ectoparasitic mite, Varroa destructor (Anderson and Trueman), is the leading cause of western honey bee colony, Apis mellifera (L.), mortality in the United States. Due to mounting evidence of resistance to certain approved miticides, beekeepers are struggling to keep their colonies alive. To date, there are varied but limited approved options for V. destructor control. Vaporized oxalic acid (OA)
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No evidence to support the use of glycerol–oxalic acid mixtures delivered via paper towel for controlling Varroa destructor (Mesostigmata: Varroidae) mites in the Southeast United States J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Lewis J Bartlett, Christian Baker, Selina Bruckner, Keith S Delaplane, Ethan J Hackmeyer, Chama Phankaew, Geoffrey R Williams, Jennifer A Berry
A significant amount of researcher and practitioner effort has focused on developing new chemical controls for the parasitic Varroa destructor mite in beekeeping. One outcome of that has been the development and testing of “glycerol–oxalic acid” mixtures to place in colonies for extended periods of time, an off-label use of the otherwise legal miticide oxalic acid. The majority of circulated work on
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Successful application of anthranilic diamides in preventing small hive beetle (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) infestation in honey bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Ethan J Hackmeyer, Tyler J Washburn, Keith S Delaplane, Lewis J Bartlett
The nest-scavenging beetle Aethina tumida remains a persistent problem for beekeepers in parts of the Southeast United States, where warm wet soils allow beetle populations to grow rapidly and overwhelm colonies, especially during the summer dearth. Furthermore, small hive beetle infestation prevents beekeepers from easily provisioning colonies with additional pollen or protein feed (patties), preventing
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Commercial probiotic formulas Bactocell and Levucell promote spring brood production in Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 N Bleau, N Derome, P Giovenazzo
Honey bees are essential pollinators for several economically important crops. In temperate countries, honey bee colonies face multiple threats during the overwintering period, such as food availability, diseases, and confinement. Beekeepers commonly use chemicals to improve colony health during winter, but these products can have a negative impact on bee health and pathogens can develop resistance
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Long-term monitoring and analysis of Brood X cicada activity by distributed fiber optic sensing technology J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Sarper Ozharar, Jessica L Ware, Yue Tian, Yangmin Ding
Brood X is the largest of the 15 broods of periodical cicadas, and individuals from this brood emerged across the Eastern United States in spring 2021. Using distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) technology, the activity of Brood X cicadas was monitored in their natural environment in Princeton, NJ. Critical information regarding their acoustic signatures and activity level is collected and analyzed using
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Carabidae and Tenebrionidae diversity in the Great Basin Province of California J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Kirk C Tonkel, Veronica S Kirchoff, Brian G Rector
The high desert regions of eastern California within the Great Basin are vast areas of shrub-dominated habitat heavily impacted by invasive exotic grasses and forbs. Trapping efforts within these areas provided distributional information about various surface-active arthropod taxa. Two groups with high species diversity and abundance encountered at our sites were the coleopteran families Carabidae
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Dynamics of the natural enemy community of Hyphantria cunea (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) in Dandong, China J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Xinyang Zhang, Liyuan Yang, Chen Chen, Junrui Shi, Yixin Zhang, Shouhui Sun
This study aims to explore the composition of natural enemy species in the fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea (Drury) population and the dynamics of its natural enemy community in Dandong, Liaoning Province, China, where it was first reported. We collected the natural enemy of eggs, larvae, and pupae of H. cunea on host trees at 12 survey sites from June 2019 to October 2020. The results showed that the
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Molecular identification and functional analysis of chitinase genes reveal their importance in the metamorphosis of Sarcophaga peregrina (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Yakai Feng, Shiwen Wang, Fengqin Yang, Yanjie Shang, Fernand Jocelin Ngando, Jingjing Huang, Yadong Guo
Chitinases play a crucial role in insect metamorphosis by facilitating chitin degradation. Sarcophaga peregrina (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) is a typical holometabolous insect and an important hygiene pest that causes myiasis in humans and other mammals and acts as a vector for various parasitic agents, including bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Enhancing the understanding of
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Assessing effective mechanical and chemical strategies for managing Eucosma giganteana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in the perennial oilseed crop, Silphium integrifolium (Asteraceae: Heliantheae) J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-21 Ebony G Murrell, Konilo R Zio, Nervah E Chérémond, David L Van Tassel
Eucosma giganteana (Riley) is a native specialist pest of silflower, Silphium integrifolium Michx., which is currently being domesticated as a perennial oilseeds crop. The larvae of this moth attack silflower capitula and root crowns, causing both seed damage and long-term degradation of plants. To determine methods to manage E. giganteana in silflower crop fields, we conducted a laboratory bioassay
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Soldier phenotypic differences among 2 invasive and destructive Coptotermes species and their hybrids (Blattodea: Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-12 Jayshree S Patel, Thomas Chouvenc, Chia-Chien Wu, Hou-Feng Li, Nan-Yao Su
With recent evidence of hybridization events in the field, the phenotypic traits of F1 hybrid colonies of 2 destructive subterranean termite species, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki and Coptotermes gestroi (Wasmann) remain to be investigated. In this study, laboratory colonies of 2 conspecific pairings and 2 heterospecific pairings (hybrid F = ♀C. formosanus × ♂C. gestroi, hybrid G = ♀C. gestroi × ♂C
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Isolation and characterization of intestinal bacteria associated with cellulose degradation in grasshoppers (Orthoptera). J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Wen-Jing Li,Fei-Fei Li,Jing Bai,Ke Liang,Kai Li,Guo-Qing Qin,Yu-Long Zhang,Xin-Jiang Li
Insect gut bacteria play an essential role in the nutritional metabolism, growth, and development of insects. Grasshoppers (Orthoptera) are cellulose-rich plant-feeding pests. Although the biological potential of grasshopper gut microorganisms to assist cellulose decomposition is well established, microbial resources for efficient degradation of cellulose biomass are still scarce and need to be developed
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Acetolysis modifications to process small pollen samples swabbed from live bees. J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Kirsten Warcup,Bethany Roberton,Katherine Kral-O'Brien,Jason Harmon
Understanding the resources bees use is essential because we depend greatly on their ecosystem services, and this information could help guide conservation efforts. One way to identify the flowers that bees visit is to collect pollen directly from the bee and then identify the pollen with plant taxa. However, the current method for processing such pollen samples, acetolysis, is designed for samples
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Do adult Magicicada (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) feed? Historical perspectives and evidence from molecular gut content analysis J. Insect Sci. (IF 2.2) Pub Date : 2023-10-18 James R Hepler, W Rodney Cooper, John P Cullum, Chris Dardick, Liam Dardick, Laura J Nixon, Derek J Pouchnik, Michael J Raupp, Paula Shrewsbury, Tracy C Leskey
The periodical cicadas in the genus Magicicada are remarkable for their unusual life histories and dramatic synchronized emergences every 13 or 17 years. While aspects of their evolution, mating behaviors, and general biology have been well-characterized, there is surprising uncertainty surrounding the feeding habits of the short-lived adult stage. Despite a tentative scientific consensus to the contrary