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Sedimentary architecture of thin-layer beach bar sand bodies in the G oilfield, Niger Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Jianing Wang, Cheng Lei, Yanshu Yin, Zhenhua Xu
The G oilfield in the southeastern Termit Basin of Niger is characterized by thin-bed beach bar deposits exhibiting strong reservoir heterogeneity and suboptimal production efficiency, necessitating internal structural dissection of the beach bar sand bodies. Employing a well-seismic integration approach, we systematically dissect the architecture of these sand bodies layer by layer to determine their
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Re-estimation of the vertical sensible heat flux by determining the environmental temperature on a single-point tower measurement Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Yongfeng Qi, Xiaodong Shang, Guiying Chen, Zhiqiu Gao, Xueyan Bi, Linghui Yu, Huabin Mao
Surface energy balance has always been a goal of those studying the Earth’s climate system. However, many studies have demonstrated that turbulent heat fluxes are usually underestimated by eddy covariance (EC) measurements, such that the energy balance is not closed. This study proposes a new perspective on calculating sensible heat flux based on the environmental temperature using EC. Using this approach
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Seismic landslide hazard assessment using improved seismic motion parameters of the 2017 Ms 7.0 Jiuzhaigou earthquake, Tibetan Plateau Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Zhihua Yang, Guoliang Du, Yangshuang Zhang, Chong Xu, Pengfei Yu, Weiwei Shao, Ximao Mai
Seismic landslide hazard assessment plays a very important guiding role during urgent earthquake relief. In August 2017, an Ms 7.0 earthquake in Jiuzhaigou County, Sichuan Province, China, triggered thousands of landslides. Based on the analysis of geological settings and coseismic landslide characteristics, the Newmark model is used to complete the seismic landslide hazard assessment. Three seismic
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Using stable isotopes in deciphering climate changes from travertine deposits: the case of the Lapis Tiburtinus succession (Acque Albule Basin, Tivoli, Central Italy) Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Alessandro Mancini, Irene Cornacchia, Joachim Lamal, Enrico Capezzuoli, Rudy Swennen, Marco Brandano
Quaternary stable isotope records of marine and lacustrine carbonate deposits as well as speleothems were extensively studied to reconstruct global and regional climatic evolution. This study demonstrates how stable isotope records of travertine provide fundamental information about climate and the consequences of its evolution on groundwater level fluctuations. The deposition of the Lapis Tiburtinus
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Imaging tree root systems using ground penetrating radar (GPR) data in Brazil Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Amanda Almeida Rocha, Welitom Rodrigues Borges, Mônica Giannoccaro Von Huelsen, Frederico Ricardo Ferreira Rodrigues de Oliveira e Sousa, Susanne Tainá Ramalho Maciel, Janaína de Almeida Rocha, Tamiel Khan Baiocchi Jacobson
Trees sequester carbon dioxide from the atmosphere through photosynthesis, storing it in branches, stems, and roots, where the belowground carbon fraction, approximately ¼ of the total amount, exhibits significant interspecies root biomass variability. Estimating the amount of carbon stored in tree roots of different species is key to understanding an important aspect of climate change and exploring
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A photographic method to identify reservoir geohazards induced by rock mass deterioration of hydro-fluctuation belt Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Zhenwei Dai, Yanjun Zhang, Chenyang Zhang, Xiaolin Fu, Peng Zhang, Runqing Ye
Potential geohazards triggered by the rock mass deterioration (RMD) of the hydro-fluctuation belt (HFB) in the Three Gorges Reservoir area (TGRA) severely threaten the lives and property of people, it is necessary and urgent to timely identify this kind of potential geohazard. Aiming at this issue, several typical evolution modes of potential RMD-induced geohazards were generalized, and an unmanned
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Propagation and impacts on roadway of mining-induced far-field strong tremors: insights from numerical simulations Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Zepeng Han, Linming Dou, Siyuan Gong, Jinrong Cao, Shuai Chen, Bing Hu, Yongyuan Li, Kezhi Zeng
Mining-induced far-field mine tremors, which often cause strong ground tremors, are receiving more attention due to their increasing occurrence. Investigating the rock burst risk of roadway caused by those tremors is crucial to ensure production safety. In this study, Variational Mode Decomposition was used to investigate the wave characteristics of strong mine tremors. The propagation and attenuation
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Seismic attenuation and stress on the San Andreas Fault at Parkfield: are we critical yet? Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Luca Malagnini, Robert M. Nadeau, Tom Parsons
The Parkfield transitional segment of the San Andreas Fault (SAF) is characterized by the production of frequent quasi-periodical M6 events that break the very same asperity. The last Parkfield mainshock occurred on 28 September 2004, 38 years after the 1966 earthquake, and after the segment showed a ∼22 years average recurrence time. The main reason for the much longer interevent period between the
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Key factors controlling the accumulation of oil reservoir in the Gaosheng area of Western Depression, Liaohe Basin, Northeastern China Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Guangjie Zhao, Fujie Jiang, Qiang Zhang, Hong Pang, Xingzhou Liu, Di Chen
The Proterozoic oil in Gaosheng area of the Western Depression of Liaohe Basin has great potential and is an important exploration field. However, the study about control factors of Gaosheng reservoir needs to be improved. The source rocks are characterized by using geochemical techniques and the structural evolution history is restored by using 2D-Move software. The characteristics of reservoirs and
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Research and application of new anti-floating anchor in anti-floating reinforcement of existing underground structures Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Guohui Liu, Pingsheng Jia, Jianping Sun, Zongbao Jiang, Fan Yang, Guorui Yang, Guangbiao Shao
In recent years, due to the changing climate conditions and the continuous deepening of water resource conservation measures, the groundwater level in northern China has gradually risen, leading to the increasingly prominent issue of anti-floating in existing buildings and structures. The development and adoption of reliable anti-floating reinforcement techniques for existing structures are crucial
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Remediation of heavy metals by native plant species grown in Iran’s richest gold mine and study of plants’ pollution tolerance strategies Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Samaneh Torbati, Shokouh Esmailbegi Kermani, Ali Abedini
Mining is defined as an environmentally hazardous activity that releases metals and other elements to the environment. Bioremediation is a natural and sustainable technique for harnessing the potential of microorganisms and plants to remove, degrade, or stabilize pollutants from contaminated sites and enable cleanup and restoration of the environment. In the present study, following the investigation
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Analytical solution of the stress field and plastic zone at the tip of a closed crack Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Guanzhong Wu, Wensong Wang, Shaochi Peng
The investigation of stress field and plastic zone distribution at the closed crack tip provides a fundamental basis for failure analysis and life prediction of geotechnical materials. Closed crack is a common crack in geotechnical materials. Studying the distribution of stress field and plastic zone at the tip of closed crack can provide theoretical basis for stability evaluation of geotechnical structures
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Quantitative characterization of the carbonate rock microstructure considering topological features: a case study from the Gaoshiti–Moxi block of the Sichuan Basin Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Huaimin Dong, Bin Luo, Chenyue Dang, Shuang Xu, Feng Wang, Peng Chi
The precise characterization of the rock microstructure is crucial for predicting the physical characteristics, flow behavior, and mechanical properties of rocks. This is particularly important for carbonate rocks, which depict a complex microstructure with multimodal pore radius distribution and natural fractures. Here, topological features that are typically ignored are taken into account to quantify
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The impact of WRF vertical resolution on the simulated thermal-dynamic structures and intensity of Typhoon Lekima Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Qinlai Lian, Yu Zhang, Xiaoyu Liu, Jianjun Xu
This study utilizes the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) to comparatively analyze the impact of three vertical grid resolution (VGR) enhancement schemes on the simulation of super typhoon Lekima under two different horizontal resolutions. The relationship between structural changes and typhoon intensity is explored from the perspective of the simulated three-dimensional thermodynamic and dynamic
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Influence of the sand-clay ratio of the burial material of forensic targets on ground-penetrating radar (GPR) responses–comparison of dry and rainy season data Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Kimberly Coutinho Paes Leme de Castro, Luciano Soares da Cunha, Ana Clara de Araujo Sousa, Pedro Vencovsky Nogueira, Welitom Rodrigues Borges
This study aims to assess the impact of the sand-clay ratio on the detection of simulated forensic targets resembling human burial evidence using ground-penetrating radar (GPR). To achieve this goal, we established a controlled site consisting of four experimental graves (SEPs), with each SEP representing a distinct burial scenario. The project’s objectives encompass evaluating how varying the clay
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The upper crustal thermal structure of the Cameli Basin and its surroundings (SW Anatolia, Türkiye) by using the fractal-based centroid method of aeromagnetic data and its relationship with earthquakes occurring in the region Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Fahriye Akar
The Cameli Basin and its surroundings are located in southwestern Anatolia, Türkiye, and are one of the tectonically active regions in western Türkiye. The Curie point depth of continental crust can help us to determine the regional tectonic and geothermal structures. The aeromagnetic magnetic data of the study region were used to determine the Curie Point Depth estimates. The fractal-based centroid
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Vertical profiles of temperature, wind, and turbulent fluxes across a deciduous forest over a slope observed with a UAV Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Burkhard Wrenger, Joan Cuxart
To contribute to a better understanding of the dynamics of the atmosphere inside and above a forest, vertical profiles are flown with a remotely-controlled multicopter in the Steinkrug forest. This area is located over a slope in the Solling natural area in Lower Saxony (Germany), composed mostly of deciduous trees about 30 m tall. Fifteen vertical flights made near sunset between summer 2019 and spring
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Experimental study and mechanism analysis of high-pressure water jet for mud cake cutting during shield tunneling Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Fuquan Ji, Pengfei Liu, Zhao Yang, Bowei Wen, Qinxin Hu
When the opening rate of the cutter head of tunnel boring machines is insufficient for the removal of excavated soil in a timely manner, the soil tends to accumulate in front of the cutter head and inside the earth or slurry chamber, leading to mud caking. High-pressure water jetting is an effective method for removing mud cakes. This study explored the influence of high-pressure water jet parameters
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Identification of the mining accidents by a two-step clustering method for the mining-induced seismicity Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Zheng Jian, Guoyan Zhao, Peicong Wang, Xingquan Liu, Mingwei Jiang, Leilei Liu, Ju Ma
Clustering methods aim to categorize data or samples into distinct groups based on their similarity. When applying clustering methods to earthquake events, it is crucial to establish a metric for quantifying the similarity between these events. Directly applying this clustering method to a catalog of mining-induced seismicity may lead to clustering earthquake events induced by different mining activities
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Complex global dynamics of conditionally stable slopes: effect of initial conditions Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 D. Prekrat, N. K. Todorović-Vasović, N. Vasović, S. Kostić
In the present paper, we investigate the effect of the initial conditions on the dynamics of the spring-block landslide model. The time evolution of the studied model, which is governed by a system of stochastic delay differential equations, is analyzed in the mean-field approximation, which qualitatively exhibits the same dynamics as the initial model. The results of the numerical analysis show that
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Evaluation method of oil saturation index OSI for shale oil reservoir based on well logging data Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Han Tian, Hongliang Wu, Weilin Yan, Zhou Feng, Chaoliu Li, Li Ren, Hongjun Xu
Oil saturation index (OSI) serves as an important indicator for potential movable hydrocarbons evaluation of shale oil reservoirs, which is mainly obtained through rock pyrolysis experiments. A new method is proposed to evaluate the OSI of shale quantitatively by NMR logging. The OSI value can be accurately obtained through the experimental measurement of organic carbon content (TOC) and rock pyrolysis
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Research on loss rules of oil and gas in preserved shale cores after open air exposure Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Jinyou Zhang, Min Wang, Jinbu Li, Zhao Liu, Liang Xu
There is a large amount of oil and gas loss in traditional conventional core samples. Revealing the rules of oil and gas loss is of great significance for restore the pristine oil content and oil component in the shale. In this study, four preserved shale cores with different thermal maturity (Ro = 1.01–1.53%) and different total organic carbon content (TOC = 1.69–5.48 wt.%) were selected. The samples
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Dynamic deformation and meso-structure of coarse-grained saline soil under cyclic loading with freeze-thaw cycles Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Qi Wan, Xiaohua Yang, Rui Wang, Zhiheng Zhu
The cumulative deformation properties of subgrade soil under cyclic traffic loads are critical for optimizing pavement structure design and ensuring long-term highway structural performance. This study aims to investigate the coupling effect of freeze-thaw cycles and cyclic loads on the cumulative deformation behaviors and meso-structure of coarse-grained saline soil (CGSS) subgrade filling in high-cold
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The complex interaction between channel–levee systems and mass transport complexes in the Pliocene–Quaternary Rakhine Basin, offshore Myanmar Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Dali Shao, Guozhang Fan, Hongxia Ma, Haiqiang Wang, Liangbo Ding, Guoping Zuo, Yintao Lu, Xiaoyong Xu
Channel–levee systems (CLSs) and mass transport complexes (MTCs) are prevalent in deep-water basins, yet their interplay remains enigmatic. This study uses high-resolution 3D seismic data to investigate the architecture of CLSs and MTCs, aiming to explore how CLSs influence the distribution of MTCs in the Rakhine Basin, Bay of Bengal. Two models are built to illustrate the interaction between CLSs
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Experimental study on stress and deformation characteristics of foundation pit considering excavation width using 3D printing technology Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Fengzhou Liu, Xu Zhang, Maolong Xiang, Jingkang Lyu, Rui Feng, Shouhua LIU
A sophisticated model of the foundation pit support structure was developed via a model test that incorporated 3D printing technology. A meticulously scaled-down simulation of foundation pit excavation was conducted, utilizing the excavation width of the foundation pit as the sole variable, to evaluate and compare the impact of various foundation pit widths on the force and deformation characteristics
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Seismic isolation technology of shallow buried large section utility tunnel with soft soils in seismically vulnerable area Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Zhigang Wang, Lijun Chang, Huabing Ma, Li Zhu, Guangyao Cui, Hongwei Shan, Ziyang He
Shallow utility tunnels with exceptionally large cross-sections in weak soil can face significantly more severe seismic risks compared to conventional deep tunnels in seismic hazard areas. This study investigates the seismic response and isolation technologies applied to a large section utility tunnel with 4 compartments in one layer, employing seismic simulations. The engineering context, dynamic
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Study on the mechanical characteristics of sand pebble surrounding rock considering the disturbance effect of tunnel excavation Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Maozhou Huang, Daidai Yu, Xin Li, Yinting Zhao
When conducting tunnel construction in sandy gravel strata, disturbance to the sandy gravel soil is inevitable, resulting in alterations to the properties of the surrounding rock. This paper investigates the relationship between the relative density (Dr) and shear strength parameters under different disturbance states through the implementation of indoor triaxial tests. Utilizing Dr as a disturbance
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Investigation on the failure mechanism of the collapse of the columnar jointed basalt in underground cavern Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Jin-Shuai Zhao, Jian-Cong Zhang, Shu-Feng Pei, Liang Xing, Chong-Feng Chen, Guang-Duan Zhang
Columnar jointed basalt (CJB) is a kind of jointed rock with a polygonal cylinder mosaic structure that has complex mechanical properties such as discontinuity and heterogeneity. The typical geological structure of the CJB is the intercolumnar joint plane and the implicit joint plane, which obviously affect the mechanical properties of the rock mass. Controlling the unloading relaxation of the CJB
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Source and geological significance of Jurassic asphalt in the Ruoqiang Sag of Southeast Depression, Tarim Basin, Northwestern China Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Xiaodong Lan, Zhongkai Bai, Youxing Yang, Zhenglong Jiang, Jile Zhang
The Southeast Depression of the Tarim Basin has a very low petroleum exploration degree, and currently, no industrial oil and gas have been discovered. Many hydrocarbon shows exist in the Ruoqiang Sag, where hydrocarbon sources and accumulation processes are unclear. Only two potential Jurassic hydrocarbon source rocks developed in the Ruoqiang Sag, the Yangye (J2y) lacustrine mudstone of the Middle
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Improved Gaussian regression model for retrieving ground methane levels by considering vertical profile features Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-12
Atmospheric methane is one of the major greenhouse gases and has a great impact on climate change. To obtain the polluted levels of atmospheric methane in the ground-level range, this study used satellite observations and vertical profile features derived by atmospheric chemistry model to estimate the ground methane concentrations in first. Then, the improved daily ground-level atmospheric methane
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Improved Gaussian regression model for retrieving ground methane levels by considering vertical profile features Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Hu He, Tingzhen Zheng, Jingang Zhao, Xin Yuan, Encheng Sun, Haoran Li, Hongyue Zheng, Xiao Liu, Gangzhu Li, Yanbo Zhang, Zhili Jin, Wei Wang
Atmospheric methane is one of the major greenhouse gases and has a great impact on climate change. To obtain the polluted levels of atmospheric methane in the ground-level range, this study used satellite observations and vertical profile features derived by atmospheric chemistry model to estimate the ground methane concentrations in first. Then, the improved daily ground-level atmospheric methane
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Determining the Moho topography using an improved inversion algorithm: a case study from the South China Sea Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Hui Zhang, Hangtao Yu, Chuang Xu, Rui Li, Lu Bie, Qingyin He, Yiqi Liu, Jinsong Lu, Yinan Xiao, Yang Lyu
The Parker-Oldenburg method, as a classical frequency-domain algorithm, has been widely used in Moho topographic inversion. The method has two indispensable hyperparameters, which are the Moho density contrast and the average Moho depth. Accurate hyperparameters are important prerequisites for inversion of fine Moho topography. However, limited by the nonlinear terms, the hyperparameters estimated
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Land subsidence along the Beijing-Tianjin high-speed railway before and after the South-to-North water diversion project with multi-source monitoring datasets Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Shaomin Liu, Mingzhou Bai
The development of land subsidence has seriously affected the safe operation of Beijing-Tianjin high-speed railway. The South-to-North Water Diversion Project Central Route (SNWDP-CR) was officially put into operation in December 2014. It has changed the water supply pattern in Beijing and provided conditions for reducing groundwater exploitation and controlling land subsidence. In this paper, the
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Characterization of reservoir quality in tight sandstones from the Benxi Formation, eastern Ordos Basin, China Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Guoyong Li, Cong Li, Boming Zhang, Lei Zhang, Zhuang Liang, Qi Chen
The Benxi Formation in the eastern Ordos Basin harbors abundant natural gas resources and shows promising exploration and development potential. However, the reservoir characteristics are complex, and the primary controlling factors are unclear, presenting significant challenges for reservoir characterization. In response to these challenges, we conducted a systematic study on the characteristics of
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Can land-use and land-cover change explain reduced resilience in forests? Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Sara Alibakhshi, Hossein Azadi, Leonardo Espinosa-Leal
Generating signals of reduced resilience in ecosystems is crucial for conservation and management endeavors. However, the practical implications of such systems are still limited due to the lack of high-frequency data and uncertainties associated with predicting complex systems such as ecosystems. This study aims to investigate the potential of time series analysis of remote sensing data in detecting
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Experiments on the flow over a hill covered by a canopy in stably stratified conditions Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 John J. Finnigan, Ian N. Harman, Dale E. Hughes
It has long been suspected that thermo-topographic flows, especially gravity currents, within vegetation canopies on complex terrain are one of the main reasons behind the failure to reconcile micrometeorological and biometric estimates of canopy-atmosphere exchange at many sites. However, the physical mechanisms governing the initiation and the scaling of these flows remain poorly understood. Here
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Study of the effect of salt deposition on production capacity and storage capacity in underground gas storage Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Ren Zhongxin, Yang Xiaoping, Chang Dawei, Wang Ning, Meng Da
Underground gas storage (UGS) is the most economical and effective means to guarantee stable gas supply. During gas production process, the evaporation of formation water leads to the increase of water content in the gas, and the salinity of the remaining formation water increases. This work applied numerical simulation to analyze the effect of salt deposition on flowing bottomhole pressure, production
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Stress disturbance around Xianshuihe fault zone in the eastern Qinghai–Tibet Plateau and implication for fault stability Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Songfeng Guo, Jinxuan Li, Shengwen Qi, Bowen Zheng, Yaguo Zhang, Yu Zou, Weiwei Zhu, Faisal Muhammad Waqar, Khan Zada
The Xianshuihe fault zone in the eastern Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau is an important active tectonic boundary. Understanding its stress state is important for characterizing the dynamic evolution of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau and the mechanism of the frequent occurrence of large earthquakes. Using 30 years of in-situ stress data from the Xianshuihe active fault zone, we statistically analyzed the spatial
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Climate adjusted projections of the distribution and frequency of poor air quality days for the contiguous United States Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Bradley Wilson, Mariah Pope, David Melecio-Vazquez, Ho Hsieh, Maximilian Alfaro, Evelyn Shu, Jeremy Porter, Edward J. Kearns
Unhealthy air quality conditions can strongly affect long-term human health and wellbeing, yet many air quality data products focus on near real-time alerts or short-term forecasts. Understanding the full state of air quality also requires examining the longer term frequency and intensity of poor air quality at ground level, and how it might change over time. We present a new modeling framework to
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Early cretaceous multi-stage extension in the North Dabie complex in the eastern central China: insights from structural and geochronological data Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Peng Huang, Zhen Yan, Wenjiao Xiao, Miao Sang, Qigui Mao, Nijiati Abuduxun
A dominantly NW-SE directed extensional tectonics in the Early Cretaceous significantly reworked the Late Permian-Triassic orogenic framework of the Dabie orogenic belt. The North Dabie complex (NDC) is the principal domain recording this tectonic event. However, the precise structure-kinematic architectures, particularly those observed in the ductile regime, along with the respective time scales for
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Investigation on shakedown response-behavior of thawed subgrade soils under long-term traffic loading Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Shujian Wang, Xiangyang Li, Yanzheng Ti, Xiaoning Zhang, Tao Yin, Ruibing Wang, Xiufeng Jiang, Zhikai Su, Jianwen Hao
The shakedown state of the subgrade is crucial for the sustainable design and long-term stability evaluation of pavement structures. In order to characterize the plastic deformation and shakedown behavior of subgrade soil in seasonal frozen regions, cyclic triaxial tests were conducted on the thawed subgrade soil after seven cycles of freeze-thaw. The influences of the numbers of cycle loading, the
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Polar low research: recent developments and promising courses of research Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Marta Moreno-Ibáñez
Polar lows (PLs) are intense maritime mesoscale weather systems that develop during marine cold air outbreaks at high latitudes. The objective of this review is to describe the advances in polar low research since the last literature review—published 3 years ago—, indicate the knowledge gaps that remain, and suggest promising courses of research. Among the breakthroughs identified here are the first
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Detection performance analysis of advanced direction time lightning detection system in China Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Hualiang Zhu, Wenjing Pang, Fengjiao Chen, Miaomiao Zhang, Jing Wang, Zhichao Wang
In order to study the detection performance of the Advanced Direction Time Lightning Detection System (ADTD) over mainland China, the relationship between the detection efficiency (DE) and distance for ADTD sensor is analyzed using lightning location data by ADTD during 2014–2020, which fits well with the probability density function of the Gamma distribution. The DE and location accuracy of ADTD across
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Holocene flood records and human impacts implied from the pollen evidence in the Daming area, North China Plain Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Jinsong Yang, Linjing Liu, Harry Roberts, Zhe Liu, Lei Song, Peng Zhang
Understanding the environmental significance of pollen and spores in alluvial plains is important for stratigraphic correlation and paleoenvironmental reconstruction. This paper presents palynological data from the North China Plain and explores their relationship with paleoflood records and human impacts since the Holocene. Our data reveal that pollen concentration and pollen assemblage vary in flood
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Deep learning-based spatial downscaling and its application for tropical cyclone detection in the western North Pacific Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Anqi Chen, Chaoxia Yuan
Resolution of global climate models (GCMs) significantly influences their capacity to simulate extreme weather such as tropical cyclones (TCs). However, improving the GCM resolution is computationally expensive and time-consuming, making it challenging for many research organizations worldwide. Here, we develop a downscaling model, MSG-SE-GAN, based on the Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) together
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Application research on low cost support method for surrounding rock of broken section roadway in phosphate mine area Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Mengchao Xu, Xiaoshuang Li, Jiawen Wang, Mengzhen Cao, Menglai Wang, Shujian Li
Introduction: Taking a phosphate mine in Yunnan as the engineering research background, the fractured rock mass of the No. 1 belt roadway is selected as the research object.Methods: To reduce the cost of tunnel surrounding rock support and optimize construction technology, a combination of numerical simulation software Midas and on-site experiments was used to compare and analyze the distribution characteristics
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Variability in the drivers of microplastic consumption by fish across four lake ecosystems Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Peter Conowall, Kathryn M. Schreiner, Joseph Marchand, Elizabeth C. Minor, Casey W. Schoenebeck, Melissa A. Maurer-Jones, Thomas R. Hrabik
Microplastic (<5 mm) pollution has been documented globally throughout freshwater and marine ecosystems. Exposure to and ingestion of microplastics presents a threat to the health of aquatic and marine organisms and humans through the consumption of fish and crustaceans. Understanding the factors which influence microplastic ingestion by fish is a key step in predicting the potential health risks.
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Study on overburden failure characteristics and ground pressure behavior in shallow coal seam mining underneath the gully Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Jie Zhang, Li Wang, Tao Yang, Shoushi Gao, Yifeng He, Jianjun Wu
Introduction: This study focuses on investigating the characteristics of overburden failure and ground pressure behavior in shallow coal seam mining beneath a gully. The research is conducted at the 135201 working face of Shaliang Coal Mine in the Shenfu Mining Area.Methods: The study employs physical similarity simulation tests, theoretical analysis, and field measurements to analyze the ground pressure
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A novel high-resolution imaging method based on sparsity in the time domain and spectral fitting in the frequency domain Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Xin Guo, Jianhu Gao, Xueshan Yong, Shengjun Li, Jinyong Gui, Hongqiu Wang
During the propagation of seismic waves underground, the high-frequency seismic response of thin reservoir is absorbed and attenuated, which poses a challenge in seismic thin reservoir prediction. The high-resolution processing techniques have the capability to significantly expand the frequency range of the seismic data, so it becomes a key technique for thin reservoir prediction. Most of these techniques
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The relationship between the Bay of Bengal summer monsoon retreat and early summer rainfall in East Asia Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Qiuchi Li, Lin Liu, Yang Yang, Guang Yang, Yongliang Duan, Ai Zeng
As the upstream region of the Asian summer monsoon, the Bay of Bengal summer monsoon (BOBSM) system has impacts on rainfall patterns in East Asia. In this study, we investigate the impact of the interannual variability of the BOBSM retreat on China precipitation in early summer (June) of the following year. When the BOBSM retreat occurs earlier in the previous year, we find enhanced rainfall in both
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Determining complex petroleum migration pathways along faults and sandbodies: a new method and application Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Shi Jijian, Fu Guang, Li Lili
Introduction: The reservoir-forming rule in the paleo-slope zone outside petroliferous basins’ source kitchens of the eastern basin in China is unclear, manifested in the distribution of oil and gas in complex multi-layers. This study focuses on petroleum migration along faults and sandbodies to clarify this question and improve the exploration efficiency of petroleum in areas with similar geological
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Identifying earthquake swarms at Mt. Ruapehu, New Zealand: a machine learning approach Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Sam Mitchinson, Jessica H. Johnson, Ben Milner, Jason Lines
Mt. Ruapehu is an active andesitic stratovolcano, consisting of several peaks with the summit plateau at 2,797 m, making it the tallest active volcano in New Zealand. The extent of the volcano spreads 40 km across with a series of complex faults encompassing almost the entire base of the volcano. A series of earthquakes occurring 20 km west of the summit of Mt. Ruapehu, near the small town of Erua
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Combined ambient vibration and surface displacement measurements for improved progressive failure monitoring at a toppling rock slab in Utah, USA Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Erin K. Jensen, Jeffrey R. Moore, Paul R. Geimer, Riley Finnegan
Seismic resonance and surface displacement measurements can be implemented in tandem to improve landslide characterization and progressive failure monitoring. Crack aperture data are frequently used in rock slope stability monitoring and often exhibit recognizable trends prior to failure, such as accelerated crack opening. Alternatively, ambient resonance data offer multiple parameters including modal
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Stability analysis of slopes with cracks using the finite element limit analysis method Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Chao Hu, Yong-hong Zeng, Hao-yu Yao
There are numerous slope projects involved in railway and highway constructions, and ensuring the stability of slopes, especially those with cracks, is very important. Compared with the limit equilibrium method, the limit analysis method takes into account the soil’s stress-strain behavior and boundary conditions, thereby yielding more rigorous and accurate results. The stability of slopes with cracks
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Early Pleistocene depositional and environmental conditions at Dachangliang, Nihewan Basin, NE China Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Ahmed H. Moghazi, Hailong Zhao, Chengjun Zhang, Elísabet A. Eythorsdottir, Steffen Mischke
The Pleistocene sediments of Nihewan Basin in NE China are intensively studied since ca. 100 years because of its rich mammalian fossil record and abundant stone-artifact-bearing layers. To better understand the mechanisms underlying past climate and environmental changes in the basin, three sediment sections at the Dachangliang location were investigated using a multi-proxy toolbox of sedimentological
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Some characteristics of foreshocks and aftershocks of the 2022 ML6.8 Chihshang, Taiwan, earthquake sequence Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Kou-Cheng Chen, Bor-Shouh Huang, Kwang-Hee Kim, Jeen-Hwa Wang
Foreshocks and aftershocks occurred before and after the ML6.8 (Mw7.0) earthquake in eastern Taiwan on 18 September 2022. We explore the epicentral distribution and temporal variations for the mainshock, foreshocks, and aftershocks. Most of the events were located in the area around the Longitudinal Valley. Most foreshocks occurred around the mainshock, while the aftershocks happened outwards from
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Influence mechanism of the diameter of the energy accumulation hole on the bi-directional cumulative tension blasting Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Xiaohu Zhang, Yijun Jiang, Peng Zhao, Zhifeng Zhao, Xiaobo Hao
This study focuses on evaluating the influence of the energy accumulation hole diameter on bi-directional cumulative tension blasting. Firstly, the penetration depth of bi-directional cumulative tension blasting is determined, followed by an analysis of the corresponding fracture mechanics behavior. Secondly, the Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method is used for numerical analysis of the bi-directional
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Protracted post-glacial hydrocarbon seepage in the Barents Sea revealed by U–Th dating of seep carbonates Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Tobias Himmler, Doris Wagner, Diana Sahy, Sunil Vadakkepuliyambatta, Shyam Chand, Tõnu Martma, Kalle Kirsimäe, Rune Mattingsdal, Giuliana Panieri, Stefan Bünz, Daniel J. Condon, Jochen Knies, Aivo Lepland
The hydrocarbon seepage chronology during deglaciation across the formerly glaciated Barents Sea was established using uranium-thorium (U–Th) dating of seep carbonates. Seep carbonates were sampled with remotely operated vehicles (ROV) from the seafloor at three active hydrocarbon seeps (water depth 156–383 m), located in the north-west (Storfjordrenna), north-central (Storbanken High), and south-west
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Research on characteristics and geological genesis of large-scale deep-seated landslide in tuff formation Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Mengqi Xue, Guangli Xu, Feixiang Yao, Zhuo Ma
In engineering practice, engineers generally treated tuff as a lumpy material with a poorly defined laminated structure and a rock group that was not susceptible to slide failure. Most studies of tuff landslides had focused on small clastic landslides in shallow strata with weathering boundaries and lithologic interfaces as slip surfaces. This paper takes a large-scale, deep-seated tuff landslide on
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Prediction of water inflow and analysis of surrounding rock stability in unfavorable geological mountain tunnel Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Yunjuan Chen, Mengyue Liu, Mengzhen Su, Mingxu Ding, Haolin Li, Yi Jing
During the construction of a mountain tunnel, water inflow and rock instability are common occurrences due to unfavorable geological conditions, posing serious threats to construction safety. This study focuses on a proposed mountain tunnel and employs multiple formulas to predict potential water inflow during excavation. Based on the amount of water inflow and deformation of surrounding rocks, comprehensive