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Issue Information J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-27
No abstract is available for this article.
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Mid-Air Collisions Control the Wavelength of Aeolian Sand Ripples J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Xinghui Huo, Hans J. Herrmann, Jie Zhang, Ning Huang
The wavelength of aeolian sand ripples increases with wind velocity, but the cause for this increase remained unclear until now. Using numerical simulations, we find that the relationship between the wind strength and the initial wavelength disappears without mid-air collisions, which means that mid-air collisions crucially contribute to the initial wavelength of ripples. As wind strength increases
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Environment-Modulated Glacial Seismicity Near Dålk Glacier in East Antarctica Revealed by Deep Clustering J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Yanlan Hu, Zefeng Li, Lei Fu, Xuying Liu
Over the past decades, seismic monitoring has been increasingly used to track glacial activities associated with ice loss. Many seismological studies focus on West Antarctica, whereas glacial seismicity in East Antarctica is much less studied. Here, we apply unsupervised deep learning to a dense nodal seismic array near Dålk Glacier, East Antarctica, operating from 6 December 2019 to 2 January 2020
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Stochastic in Space and Time: 1. Characterizing Orographic Gradients in Mean Runoff and Daily Runoff Variability J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 A. M. Forte, M. W. Rossi
Mountain topography alters the phase, amount, and spatial distribution of precipitation. Past efforts focused on how orographic precipitation can alter spatial patterns in mean runoff, with less emphasis on how time-varying runoff statistics may also vary with topography. Given the importance of the magnitude and frequency of runoff events to fluvial erosion, we evaluated whether orographic patterns
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Automated Bedform Identification—A Meta-Analysis of Current Methods and the Heterogeneity of Their Outputs J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Leon Scheiber, Judith Zomer, Li Wang, Julia Cisneros, Ronald R. Gutierrez, Alice Lefebvre
Ongoing efforts to characterize underwater dunes have led to a considerable number of freely available tools that identify these bedforms in a (semi-)automated way. However, these tools differ with regard to their research focus and appear to produce results that are far from unequivocal. We scrutinize this assumption by comparing the results of five recently published dune identification tools in
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Stochastic in Space and Time: 2. Effects of Simulating Orographic Gradients in Daily Runoff Variability on Bedrock River Incision J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 A. M. Forte, M. W. Rossi
The extent to which climate and tectonics can be coupled rests on the degree to which topography and erosion rates scales linearly. The stream power incision model (SPIM) is commonly used to interpret such relationships, but is limited in probing mechanisms. A promising modification to stream power models are stochastic-threshold incision models (STIM) which incorporate both variability in discharge
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Weathering Incongruence in Mountainous Mediterranean Climates Recorded by Stream Lithium Isotope Ratios J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Jon K. Golla, Julien Bouchez, Marie L. Kuessner, Jennifer L. Druhan
Lithium isotope ratios (δ7Li) of rivers are increasingly serving as a diagnostic of the balance between chemical and physical weathering contributions to overall landscape denudation rates. Here, we show that intermediate weathering intensities and highly enriched stream δ7Li values typically associated with lowland floodplains can also describe small upland watersheds subject to cool, wet climates
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Heavy-Mineral Grain Counting: Counting Techniques, Error Estimation, and the Number of Grains to be Counted J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Jan Schönig
Heavy-mineral assemblages of sediments and sedimentary rocks record information regarding provenance, including the source rocks involved, tectonic setting, climatic conditions, and modifications from source to sink. Drawing conclusions on provenance and provenance changes requires robust quantification of individual heavy-mineral species contents, including error estimates. Nevertheless, it is common
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Mapping Permafrost Variability and Degradation Using Seismic Surface Waves, Electrical Resistivity, and Temperature Sensing: A Case Study in Arctic Alaska J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Ahmad Tourei, Xiaohang Ji, Gabriel Rocha dos Santos, Rafal Czarny, Sergei Rybakov, Ziyi Wang, Matthew Hallissey, Eileen R. Martin, Ming Xiao, Tieyuan Zhu, Dmitry Nicolsky, Anne Jensen
Subsurface processes significantly influence surface dynamics in permafrost regions, necessitating utilizing diverse geophysical methods to reliably constrain permafrost characteristics. This research uses multiple geophysical techniques to explore the spatial variability of permafrost in undisturbed tundra and its degradation in disturbed tundra in Utqiaġvik, Alaska. Here, we integrate multiple quantitative
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Machine Learning Predictions of Vertical Accretion in the Mississippi River Deltaic Plain J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Etienne Chenevert, Douglas A. Edmonds
Deltaic landscapes consist of vast wetland systems that rely on sedimentation to maintain their elevation and ecological communities against relative sea-level rise. In the Mississippi River Deltaic plain, rising relative sea level and anthropogenic activities are causing land loss that will continue unless vertical accretion of sediment on the wetland surface is enough to fill the accommodation space
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Impact of Salinity on the Erosion Threshold, Yield Stress, and Gelatinous State of a Cohesive Clay J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Jorge E. San Juan, William G. Wei, Judy Q. Yang
Clay is the main component that contributes to sediment cohesiveness. Salinity impacts its transport, which controls the electrochemical force among the sediment grains. Here, we quantify the impacts of salinity on the erosion threshold, yield stress, and the microstructures of a fluorescently labeled smectite clay, laponite, by combining flume experiments, rheometer measurements, and macro- and microscopic
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Geochemical Weathering Variability in High Latitude Watersheds of the Gulf of Alaska J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 J. Jenckes, S. Muñoz, D. E. Ibarra, D. F. Boutt, L. A. Munk
High latitude regions across the globe are undergoing severe modifications due to changing climate. A high latitude region of concern is the Gulf of Alaska (GoA), where these changes in hydroclimate undoubtedly affect the hydrogeochemistry of freshwater discharging to the nearshore ecosystems of the region. To fill the knowledge gap of our understanding of freshwater stream geochemistry with the GoA
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Response Mechanism of the Residual Strength to the Mesostructure of the Shear Surface in the Gravelly Slip Zone of Ancient Landslides J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Sanshao Ren, Yongshuang Zhang, Jinqiu Li, Ruian Wu, Haijian Hao
Ancient landslides tend to reactivate along pre-existing slip zones that have reached a residual state. On the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, previous research has indicated that the slip zone of ancient landslides is primarily composed of clayey soil with gravel, known as gravelly slip zone soil. However, the relationship between the macromechanical behavior of gravelly slip zones and the
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Multiple Evolution Modes of Megaripples in the Qaidam Basin and Implications for Ripple-Like Aeolian Landforms on Mars J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Chao Li, Zhi Zhang, Lupeng Yu, Guoxiang Chen, Junhuai Yang, Zhibao Dong
Aeolian landforms provide valuable insights into the planetary surface environment and its evolutionary history. In this study, the formation and evolution of megaripples in the Qaidam Basin and their relationship with the development environment are analyzed. By quantifying the wind environment, morphology, grain-size distribution, sedimentary structure, and luminescence age of megaripples, we propose
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Controls on the Leeside Angle of Dunes in Shallow Unidirectional Flows J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Julia Cisneros, Jim Best
Dunes are ubiquitous features in alluvial channels, serve as major agents of sediment transport and contribute significantly to flow resistance. Research in the past decade has illustrated the complexity of dune geometry and widespread occurrence of dunes that have a low leeside angle. However, there is a debate concerning the occurrence of such dunes and their formative processes. This paper seeks
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Wave-Driven Vertical Sorting of Density-Varying Particles J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Jiaye Zhang, Yashar Rafati, Tian-Jian Hsu, Joseph Calantoni, Steve Romaniello
It has been recognized that the vertical sorting of polydispersed sand grains via the “Brazil Nut effect” can lead to inverse grading (upward coarsening) in the surface layer of a sand bed. However, the addition of nonnative particles not inherently observed on the beach, characterized by different densities and sizes, may complicate the vertical sorting processes and the fate of the nonnative particles
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Hydrologic and Landscape Controls on Rock Weathering Along a Glacial Gradient in South Central Alaska, USA J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-02 S. Muñoz, J. Jenckes, E. J. Ramos, L. A. Munk, D. E. Ibarra
Rock weathering impacts atmospheric CO2 levels with silicate rock dissolution removing CO2, and carbonate dissolution, pyrite oxidation, and organic rock carbon oxidation producing CO2. Glacierization impacts the hydrology and geomorphology of catchments and glacier retreat due to warming can increase runoff and initiate landscape succession. To investigate the impact of these changes on catchment
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A Mechanistic Model and Experiments on Bedrock Incision and Channelization by Rockfall J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 A. R. Beer, J. N. Fischer, T. P. Ulizio, Z. Ma, Z. Sun, M. P. Lamb
Rockfall and rock avalanches are common in steep terrain on Earth and potentially on other planetary bodies such as the Moon and Mars. Since impacting rocks can damage exposed bedrock as they roll and bounce downhill, rockfall might be an important erosive agent in steep landscapes, even in the absence of water. We developed a new theory for rockfall-driven bedrock abrasion using the ballistic trajectories
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Storm Impacts on Mineral Mass Accumulation Rates of Coastal Marshes J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 L. Cortese, X. Zhang, Marc Simard, S. Fagherazzi
Coastal marsh survival may be compromised by sea-level rise, limited sediment supply, and subsidence. Storms represent a fundamental forcing for sediment accumulation in starving marshes because they resuspend bottom material in channels and tidal flats and transport it to the marsh surface. However, it is unrealistic to simulate at high resolution all storms that occurred in the past decades to obtain
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System-Wide Effects of Local Bed Disturbance on the Morphological Evolution of a Bifurcating Channel Network J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Weilun Gao, Dongdong Shao, Zheng Bing Wang, Zhenchang Zhu, Zhifeng Yang
Deltaic channel networks are important conduits for water and material supplies to the fluvial and coastal communities. However, increasing human interventions in river deltas have altered the topology and geometry of channel networks as well as their long-term evolution. While the morphological evolution of a single channel has received extensive studies, the system-wide morphological responses of
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Issue Information J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-26
No abstract is available for this article.
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Variations in Subsidence Patterns in the Gulf of Mexico Passive Margin From Airborne-LiDAR Data and Time Series InSAR: Baton Rouge Case Study J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Carolina Hurtado-Pulido, Reda Amer, Cynthia Ebinger, Hayden Holcomb
The Coast of Louisiana is affected by accelerating sea level rise compounded by land subsidence, leading to land loss. Vertical crustal motions in the region are caused by natural and anthropogenic processes that vary temporally and spatially across the Gulf of Mexico. We investigate the role of growth faulting contributions to subsidence in a case study of Baton Rouge, where two E-W striking, down-to-the-south
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Timescale of the Morphodynamic Feedback Between Planform Geometry and Lateral Migration of Meandering Rivers J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Y. Li, A. B. Limaye
Across varied environments, meandering channels evolve through a common morphodynamic feedback: the sinuous channel shape causes spatial variations in boundary shear stress, which cause lateral migration rates to vary along a meander bend and change the shape of the channel. This feedback is embedded in all conceptual models of meandering channel migration, and in numerical models, it occurs over an
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Modeling the Flow and Geomorphic Heterogeneity Induced by Salt Marsh Vegetation Patches Based on Convolutional Neural Network UNet-Flow J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Zhipeng Chen, Feng Luo, Ruijie Li, Chi Zhang
The two-way interactions between biological and physical processes, bio-geomorphic feedback, play a vital role in landscape formation and evolution in salt marshes. Patchy vegetation represents a typical form of scale-dependent feedback in salt marshes and is primarily responsible for the formation of efficient drainage networks. The intuitive manifestation of scale-dependent feedback is the heterogeneity
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Preliminary Investigation on the Kinetic Characteristics of the Glacial Debris Flows in Tianmo Valley, Tibet Plateau, China J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 Yan Zhang, Liqun Lyu, Wanlong Ren, Zhaoyin Wang
Glacial debris flows occurring on the Tibetan Plateau consistently result in significant property damage and loss of human life. A comprehensive field investigation was conducted in Tianmo valley along the Sichuan-Tibet Highway to reveal the dynamics of a debris flow that occurred on 11 July 2018. Furthermore, a depth-averaged multiphase debris flow model was proposed and employed to reconstruct the
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Analysis of Beach Cusp Formation and Evolution Using High-Frequency 3D Lidar Scans J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-09 Annika O’Dea, Katherine Brodie
In this study, beach cusp characteristics were explored using 15 months of 3D lidar scans collected hourly at the Field Research Facility in Duck, NC. Fourier analyses were performed on lidar-derived beach elevation contours to generate spatial cusp spectra. Active cusp events were identified on the basis of the location and magnitude of each spectrum's peak and used to evaluate conditions during cusp
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Impacts of Rainstorm Intensity and Temporal Pattern on Caprock Cliff Persistence and Hillslope Morphology in Drylands J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-04 Yuval Shmilovitz, Gregory E. Tucker, Matthew W. Rossi, Efrat Morin, Moshe Armon, Joel Pederson, Benjamin Campforts, Itai Haviv, Yehouda Enzel
Hillslope topographic change in response to climate and climate change is a key aspect of landscape evolution. The impact of short-duration rainstorms on hillslope evolution in arid regions is persistently questioned but often not directly examined in landscape evolution studies, which are commonly based on mean climate proxies. This study focuses on hillslope surface processes responding to rainstorms
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Inherited Grain-Size Distributions: Effect on Heavy-Mineral Assemblages in Modern and Ancient Sediments J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-02 Sarah Feil, Hilmar von Eynatten, István Dunkl, Jan Schönig, Nils Keno Lünsdorf
Heavy-mineral suites are used widely in sandstone provenance and are key when connecting source and sink. When characterizing provenance related signatures, it is essential to understand the different factors that may influence a particular heavy-mineral assemblage for example, chemical weathering or diagenetic processes. Hydrodynamics, causing size-density sorting, exert major control on the distribution
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Diversity at a Small Geoscience Conference J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-30 Alice Lefebvre, Renée Bernhard
Large conferences lack diversity, as it has been demonstrated by analyses of several diversity measures. In the present contribution, we analyze the gender, country of affiliation and student status of the participants and presenters during four instances of a small European geoscience conference, as well as the length of presentation, number and tone of questions of the latest instance of this conference
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Dune Geometry and the Associated Hydraulic Roughness in the Fluvial to Tidal Transition Zone of the Fraser River at Low River Flow J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 S. I. de Lange, R. Bradley, R. A. Schrijvershof, D. Murphy, K. Waldschläger, R. Kostaschuk, J. G. Venditti, A. J. F. Hoitink
In deltas and estuaries throughout the world, a fluvial-to-tidal transition zone (FTTZ) exists where both the river discharge and the tidal motion drive the flow. It is unclear how dune characteristics are impacted by changes in tidal flow strength, and how this is reflected in the hydraulic roughness. To understand dune geometry and variability in the FTTZ and possible impacts on hydraulic roughness
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Topography and Time Shape Mire Morphometry and Large-Scale Mire Distribution Patterns in the Northern Boreal Landscape J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 B. Ehnvall, J. L. Ratcliffe, M. B. Nilsson, M. G. Öquist, R. A. Sponseller, T. Grabs
Peatlands are major terrestrial soil carbon stores, and open mires in boreal landscapes hold a considerable fraction of the global peat carbon. Despite decades of study, large-scale spatiotemporal analyses of mire arrangement have been scarce, which has limited our ability to scale-up mire properties, such as carbon accumulation to the landscape level. Here, we use a land-uplift mire chronosequence
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Breathing Phenomenon of Soil Desiccation Cracking: Insights From Novel Geophysical Observations J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-23 Jin-Jian Xu, Chao-Sheng Tang, Yaowen Yang, Lin Li, Hao Zhang, Qing Cheng, Xi-Ying Zhang, Bo Liu, Bin Shi
Drought-induced soil desiccation cracking is a common natural phenomenon on the earth surface, which plays a significant role in influencing the hydro-mechanical behavior of soils across various earthen engineering applications. However, there is still a scarcity of related studies investigating how field soil desiccation cracking responds to climate action. This study develops an innovative geophysical
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Evolution of a Surge Cycle of the Bering-Bagley Glacier System From Observations and Numerical Modeling J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-11 Thomas Trantow, Ute C. Herzfeld
The Bering-Bagley Glacier System (BBGS), Alaska, Earth's largest temperate surging glacier, surged in 2008–2013. We use numerical modeling and satellite observations to investigate how surging in a large and complex glacier system differs from surging in smaller glaciers for which our current understanding of the surge phenomenon is based. With numerical simulations of a long quiescent phase and a
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Frictional Control on Accelerating Creep During the Slow-To-Fast Transition of Rainfall-Induced Catastrophic Landslides J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-06 Krishnendu Paul, Pathikrit Bhattacharya, Santanu Misra
Slow moving landslides regulated by precipitation/snowmelt induced subsurface pore-pressure transients can sometimes accelerate to catastrophic failure causing loss of infrastructure and lives. Yet, unified theories of the transition of slow landslides into ultimately catastrophic ones in response to pore-pressure changes remain relatively unexplored. Here, we use a simple gravity-driven block-slider
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Patterns of Alluviation in Mixed Bedrock-Alluvial Channels: 2. Controls on the Formation of Alluvial Patches J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-04 Jongseok Cho, Peter A. Nelson
Understanding the development and spatial distribution of alluvial patches in mixed bedrock-alluvial rivers is necessary to predict the mechanisms of the interactions between sediment transport, alluvial cover, and bedrock erosion. This study aims to analyze bedrock alluviation patterns using a 2D morphodynamic model, and to use the model results to better understand the mechanisms responsible for
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The Roles of Bathymetry and Waves in Rip-Channel Dynamics J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-04 D. F. Christensen, B. Raubenheimer, S. Elgar
The behavior and predictability of rip currents (strong, wave-driven offshore-directed surfzone currents) have been studied for decades. However, few studies have examined the effects of rip channel morphology on the rip generation or have compared morphodynamic models with observations. Here, simulations conducted with the numerical morphodynamic model MIKE21 reproduce observed trends in flows and
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Patterns of Alluviation in Mixed Bedrock-Alluvial Channels: 1. Numerical Model J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-04 Jongseok Cho, Peter A. Nelson
Mixed bedrock-alluvial rivers can exhibit partial alluvial cover, which plays an important role in controlling bedrock erosion rates and landscape evolution. However, numerical morphodynamic models are generally unable to predict quasi-steady persistent patches of depositional alluvial features under conditions where the sediment supply is less than the sediment transport capacity of the channel. Hence
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The Signature of Climate in Fluvial Suspended Sediment Records J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-03 W. A. L. Chapman, N. J. Finnegan
Arid regions are often characterized by exceptionally high rates of fluvial sediment transport, but the processes responsible for this apparent connection between climate and sediment transport remain unclear. We examined decades of continuous flow records and suspended sediment concentrations from 71 rivers across the United States by comparing the suspended sediment rating curve behavior, quantified
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Zircon U-Pb-He Double Dating of Modern Sands From the Inn River Catchment: Assessing Resolution and Potential in a Complex Orogenic Setting J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-03 I. Dunkl, F. Malis, N. K. Lünsdorf, J. Schönig, H. von Eynatten
Zircon U-Pb-He double dating (ZDD) provides the opportunity to derive high temperature crystallization ages and low temperature cooling ages from the very same mineral grain, making it especially attractive for zircon provenance studies. We present the combination of in situ detrital zircon U-Pb-He double dating and Raman spectroscopy-based heavy mineral analysis on different tributaries of the Inn
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Issue Information J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-02
No abstract is available for this article.
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Active Seismic Refraction, Reflection, and Surface-Wave Surveys in Thick Debris-Covered Glacial Environments J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-01-02 Tyler Kuehn, John W. Holt, Roy Johnson, Tyler Meng
Debris-covered glaciers (DCG) and rock glaciers have been increasingly studied in recent years because of the role they play within local watersheds, glacial ablation models due to climate change, and as analogs for buried ice features on planetary bodies such as Mars. Characterizing the supraglacial debris layer is a large part of these efforts. Geophysical exploration of DCG has mostly excluded active
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Impact Behavior of Dense Debris Flows Regulated by Pore-Pressure Feedback J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-12-22 Dongri Song, Xiaoqing Chen, Hamed Sadeghi, Wei Zhong, Huawei Hu, Wei Liu
The impact dynamics of dilute debris flows (typically volumetric solid fractions<50%) have been extensively investigated within the framework of hydraulics. For dense debris flows, the impact mechanisms have been poorly studied. From a geotechnical viewpoint, the feedback between granular dilatancy and pore-pressure response may play an important role in the dense debris-flow regime. In this study
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Long-Term Landscape Evolution in Response to Climate Change, Ecosystem Dynamics, and Fire in a Basaltic Catchment on the Colorado Plateau J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-12-14 Spencer E. Staley, Peter J. Fawcett, Gonzalo Jiménez-Moreno, R. Scott Anderson, Vera Markgraf, Erik T. Brown
Predicting responses of semi-arid to montane landscapes in southwestern North America to ongoing anthropogenic changes requires understanding of past interplay among geomorphic, ecologic, and climatic factors. This study utilizes modern weathering and sediment transport processes to inform the interpretation of a 250-kyr lacustrine sediment record of paleoecology, hydrology, and erosion from a small
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Beach and Dune Subsurface Hydrodynamics and Their Influence on the Formation of Dune Scarps J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-12-14 Hailey Bond, Meagan Wengrove, Jack Puleo, Maro Pontiki, T. Matthew Evans, Rusty A. Feagin
Erosive beach scarps influence beach vulnerability, yet their formation remains challenging to predict. In this study, a 1:2.5 scale laboratory experiment was used to study the subsurface hydrodynamics of a beach dune during an erosive event. Pressure and moisture sensors buried within the dune were used both to monitor the water table and to examine vertical pressure gradients in the upper 0.3 m of
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Celebrating 20 Years of JGR Earth Surface J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-12-13 Amy E. East, Mikael Attal, A. J. F. Hoitink, Olga V. Sergienko
December 2023 marks the 20th anniversary of the first issue of the Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface. The past 20 years have brought rapid growth in the field of Earth-surface processes, changes in AGU's structure and objectives, and new practices across the scientific publishing landscape. In recent years our mission has evolved to focus increasingly on science for the benefit of society
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Numerical Modeling Prediction of Vegetation Trajectories Under Different Flow Regimes in New Zealand Braided Rivers J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-12-13 Guglielmo Stecca, D. Murray Hicks, Richard Measures, Roddy Henderson
We use two-dimensional physics-based numerical modeling to study multi-decadal evolution of vegetation and morphology under different flow regimes in real-world gravel-bed braided rivers. To assess model realism, we focus on two rivers in Canterbury (New Zealand) that, despite having been subjected to the introduction of similar invasive vegetation species in the last ∼100 years, show very different
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From Outcrop to Spectrum—An Automated Approach to Modal Mineralogy of Silt-Sized Sediment Applied to Central European Loess J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-12-11 Nils Keno Lünsdorf, Jan Ontje Lünsdorf, Gábor Újvári, István Dunkl, Lukas Wolfram, Adrian Hobrecht, Lothar Laake, Hilmar von Eynatten
Provenance information from recent and ancient sedimentary archives is obscured by several factors and for disentangling these intermingled signals, analysis by multiple methods is paramount. In sedimentary provenance analysis (SPA), single-grain methods determining mineralogy, chemical composition, or radiometric ages are of key importance but are mostly applied to sand-sized sediments or sedimentary
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Aeolian Sediment Transport Responses to Vegetation Cover Change: Effects of Sampling Error on Model Uncertainty J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-12-08 Robert R. K. Wojcikiewicz, Nicholas P. Webb, Brandon L. Edwards, Justin W. Van Zee, Ericha M. Courtright, Brad F. Cooper, Niall P. Hanan
Although it is widely known that observations of aeolian sediment transport are susceptible to large sampling errors, sample designs are frequently used that do not sufficiently reduce the measurement uncertainties inherent in the study of aeolian processes. Here, we examine the influence of sample size (n) and sampling location on uncertainty in models of aeolian sediment transport responses to vegetation
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The Geomorphic Effectiveness of Landslides J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-12-06 E. Dente, O. Katz, O. Crouvi, A. Mushkin
Landslides are widely recognized as key components of landscape evolution in areas of steep topography. Here, we present a new framework for examining landslide inventories in the context of the volume-based impact that different landslide sizes have on shaping the landscape, that is, their geomorphic effectiveness (GE). Focusing on an actively retreating coastal cliff in the Eastern Mediterranean
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Issue Information J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-30
No abstract is available for this article.
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Impact of Quaternary Glaciations on Denudation Rates in North Pamir—Tian Shan Inferred From Cosmogenic 10Be and Low-Temperature Thermochronology J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-30 Anna Kudriavtseva, Alexandru T. Codilean, Edward R. Sobel, Angela Landgraf, Réka-H. Fülöp, Atyrgul Dzhumabaeva, Kanatbek Abdrakhmatov, Klaus M. Wilcken, Taylor Schildgen, David Fink, Toshiyuki Fujioka, Lingxiao Gong, Swenja Rosenwinkel, Silke Merchel, Georg Rugel
We explore the spatial and temporal variations in denudation rates in the northern Pamir—Tian Shan region using 10Be-derived denudation rates from modern (n = 110) and buried sediment (2.0–2.7 Ma; n = 3), and long-term exhumation rates from published apatite fission track (AFT; n = 705) and apatite (U-Th-Sm)/He (AHe; n = 211) thermochronology. We found moderate correlations between denudation rates
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Cosmogenic Nuclide Tracking of Sediment Recycling From a Frontal Siwalik Range in the Northwestern Himalaya J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-30 Sanjay Kumar Mandal, René Kapannusch, Dirk Scherler, Jason B. Barnes, Nadja Insel, Alexander L. Densmore
The Himalayan orogen exports millions of tons of sediment annually to the Indo-Gangetic foreland basin, derived from both hinterland and foreland fold-thrust belts (FTB). Although erosion rates in the hinterland are well-constrained, erosion rates in the foreland FTB and, by extension, the sediment flux have remained poorly constrained. Here, we quantified erosion rates and sediment flux from the Mohand
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Stochastic Simulations of Bed Topography Constrain Geothermal Heat Flow and Subglacial Drainage Near Dome Fuji, East Antarctica J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-27 Calvin Shackleton, Kenichi Matsuoka, Geir Moholdt, Brice Van Liefferinge, John Paden
Topographic variability beneath ice sheets regulates ice flow, basal melting, refreezing processes, and meltwater drainage. The preservation of old ice layers and basal ice stratigraphy is sensitive to these subglacial processes, and Dome Fuji, inland East Antarctica, is one of the few regions where 1.5-Ma old ice can be preserved for investigating a major climatic change that occurred in the mid-Pleistocene
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Experiments on Gravel-Sand Transitions: Behavior of the Grain Size Gap Material J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-27 Elizabeth H. Dingle, Jeremy G. Venditti
River bed sediments often lack fine gravel between 1 and 5 mm, a phenomenon referred to as the “grain size gap.” The gap corresponds to the rapid reduction in grain size associated with the gravel-sand transition (GST), where median bed material grain size reduces from ∼10 mm gravel to ∼1 mm sand. Fine gravel grain sizes are often present in hillslope sediment, so it is not clear why they are absent
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Reduced Ice Loss From Greenland Under Stratospheric Aerosol Injection J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-27 John C. Moore, Ralf Greve, Chao Yue, Thomas Zwinger, Fabien Gillet-Chaulet, Liyun Zhao
Sea level rise (SLR) due to surface melt and to dynamic losses from the ice sheets—that is via accelerated flow of glaciers into the sea—is something that may be potentially mitigated by cooling the ice sheet and oceans via solar geoengineering. We use two ice dynamic models driven by changes in surface mass balance (SMB) from four climate models to estimate the SLR contribution from the Greenland
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Background Topography Affects the Degree of Three-Dimensionality of Tidal Sand Waves J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-27 Janneke Krabbendam, Abdel Nnafie, Bas Borsje, Huib de Swart
Offshore tidal sand waves on the sandy bed of shallow continental shelf seas are more three-dimensional (3D) in some places than others, where 3D refers to a pattern that shows variations in three spatial directions. Such sand waves have crestlines that meander, split or merge. The degree of three-dimensionality seems to vary especially when large-scale bedforms, such as tidal sand banks, are present
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Unique Collections of 14C-Dated Vegetation Reveal Mid-Holocene Fluctuations of the Quelccaya Ice Cap, Peru J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-22 Kara Lamantia, Lonnie Thompson, Mary Davis, Ellen Mosley-Thompson, Henry Stahl
Several studies have analyzed the ice margin behavior of the Quelccaya Ice Cap (QIC), Earth's largest tropical ice cap, through the Holocene. However, continuous integration of new information to produce a more cohesive history of the QIC is necessary. Here, the radiocarbon dates of 33 rooted plant specimens collected in situ along the western ice margin between 2002 and 2018 reveal the timing of its
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The Zircon Story of the Niger River: Time-Structure Maps of the West African Craton and Discontinuous Propagation of Provenance Signals Across a Disconnected Sediment-Routing System J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-17 Guido Pastore, Eduardo Garzanti, Pieter Vermeesch, Germain Bayon, Alberto Resentini, Nadine Braquet, Brume Overare
The Niger River drains a large part of the West African Craton, where rocks ranging in age from Paleoarchean to recent offer an unexcelled opportunity to map the diverse time structures of sediment sources and provide essential information for provenance diagnoses. In this study, U-Pb zircon dating is complemented with bulk-sand geochemical (Zr, Hf, REE) and Nd-Hf isotope data to pin-point parent rocks
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10Be Exposure Age Dating of Moraine Boulders and Glacially Polished Bedrock Surfaces in Karakoram and Ladakh Ranges, NW Himalaya: Implications in Quaternary Glaciation Studies J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-17 Partha Sarathi Jena, Ravi Bhushan, Shubhra Sharma, Ankur J. Dabhi, Shivam Ajay, Harsh Raj, Navin Juyal
Terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide (TCN) dating has emerged as one of the most useful techniques in the last two decades for quantifying geomorphological processes and building the chronology of late Quaternary glacial advances/retreats. The chronology based on TCN and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating of glacial landforms from the northwestern (NW) Himalaya suggests that glaciers responded
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Elevation-Dependent Periglacial and Paraglacial Processes Modulate Tectonically-Controlled Erosion of the Western Southern Alps, New Zealand J. Geophys. Res. Earth Surf. (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-16 Duna C. Roda-Boluda, Taylor F. Schildgen, Hella Wittmann, Stefanie Tofelde, Aaron Bufe, Jeff Prancevic, Niels Hovius
Examining the links and potential feedbacks between tectonics and climate requires understanding the processes and variables controlling erosion. At the orogen scale, tectonics and climate are thought to be linked through the influence of mountain elevation on orographic precipitation and glaciation; the only documented erosional processes capable of balancing rapid rock-uplift rates are glacial erosion