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High-resolution Holocene record from Torfdalsvatn, north Iceland, reveals natural and anthropogenic impacts on terrestrial and aquatic environments Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-18 David J. Harning, Christopher R. Florian, Áslaug Geirsdóttir, Thor Thordarson, Gifford H. Miller, Yarrow Axford, Sædís Ólafsdóttir
Abstract. Open questions remain around the Holocene variability of climate in Iceland, including the relative impacts of natural and anthropogenic factors on Late Holocene vegetation change and soil erosion. The lacustrine sediment record from Torfdalsvatn, north Iceland, is the longest known in Iceland (≤12000 cal a BP) and along with its high sedimentation rate, provides an opportunity to develop
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Utilising a multi-proxy to model comparison to constrain the season and regionally heterogeneous impacts of the Mt Samalas 1257 eruption Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Laura Wainman, Lauren R. Marshall, Anja Schmidt
Abstract. The Mt Samalas eruption, thought to have occurred in summer 1257, ranks as one of the most explosive sulfur-rich eruptions of the Common Era. Despite recent convergence, several dates have been proposed for the eruption ranging between 1256–1258, with, as of yet, no single combination of evidence that has been able to robustly distinguish between and exclude the other dates proposed for the
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Improving the age constraints on the archeological record in Scladina Cave (Belgium): new speleothem U-Th ages and paleoclimatological data Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Hubert Vonhof, Sophie Verheyden, Dominique Bonjean, Stéphane Pirson, Michael Weber, Denis Scholz, John Hellstrom, Hai Cheng, Xue Jia, Kevin Di Modica, Gregory Abrams, Marjan van Nunen, Joost Ruiter, Michèlle van der Does, Daniel Böhl, Jeroen van der Lubbe
Abstract. The sedimentary sequence in Scladina Cave (Belgium) is well-known for its rich Middle Paleolithic assemblages and its numerous faunal remains. Of particular interest is the presence of a nearly complete mandible of a Neandertal child. To place all these finds in the correct chronostratigraphic context, various dating techniques have been applied over the past decades. This resulted in a reasonably
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Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO) and its imprint in the continental Escanilla Formation, Spain Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-15 Nikhil Sharma, Jorge E. Spangenberg, Thierry Adatte, Torsten Vennemann, László Kocsis, Jean Vérité, Luis Valero, Sébastien Castelltort
Abstract. The Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO) is a global warming event mainly recognized in the marine domain and described less in the terrestrial environment. Here we present a comprehensive geochemical record of the MECO from the Escanilla Formation, a fluvial sedimentary succession in the southern Pyrenees, Spain, based on a suite of sampled paleosols, fluvial stromatolites, and pedogenic
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A sub-fossil coral Sr/Ca record documents meridional variability of the Intertropical Convergence Zone in the eastern Indian Ocean Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-15 Miriam Pfeiffer, Hideko Takayanagi, Lars Reuning, Takaaki Konabe Watanabe, Saori Ito, Dieter Garbe-Schönberg, Tsuyoshi Watanabe, Chung-Che Wu, Chuan-Chou Shen, Jens Zinke, Geert-Jan Brummer, Sri Yudawati Cahyarini
Abstract. Sea surface temperature (SST) variability in the south-eastern tropical Indian Ocean is crucial for rainfall variability in Indian Ocean rim countries. A large body of literature has focused on zonal variability associated with the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), but it is unclear whether meridional shifts in the position of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), which at present co-vary with
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Droughts of the Early 19th Century (1790–1830) in Northeast Iberian Peninsula: Integration of historical and instrumental data for high-resolution reconstructions of extreme events Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-12 Josep Barriendos, María Hernández, Salvador Gil-Guirado, Jorge Olcina Cantos, Mariano Barriendos
Abstract. Drought represents a prevalent climate risk in the Mediterranean region. In the context of climate change, an increase in both frequency and intensity is anticipated over the next century. In order to effectively manage future scenarios where global warming overlays natural climate variability, a thorough analysis of the nature of droughts prior to the industrial age is imperative. This approach
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Hydroclimatic anomalies detected by a sub-decadal diatom oxygen isotope record of the last 220 years from Lake Khamra, Siberia Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Amelie Stieg, Boris K. Biskaborn, Ulrike Herzschuh, Jens Strauss, Luidmila Pestryakova, Hanno Meyer
Abstract. Northern latitudes have been significantly impacted by recent climate warming, which has increased the probability of experiencing extreme weather events. To comprehensively understand hydroclimate change and reconstruct hydroclimatic anomalies such as drought periods, appropriate proxy records reaching further back in time beyond meteorological measurements are needed. Here we present a
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Spatial variability of marine-terminating ice sheet retreat in the Puget Lowland Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Marion A. McKenzie, Lauren E. Miller, Allison P. Lepp, Regina DeWitt
Abstract. Understanding drivers of marine-terminating ice sheet behavior is important for constraining ice contributions to global sea level rise. In part, the stability of marine-terminating ice is influenced by solid Earth conditions at the grounded-ice margin. While the Cordilleran Ice Sheet (CIS) contributed significantly to global mean sea level during its final post-Last-Glacial-Maximum (LGM)
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Towards spatio-temporal comparison of simulated and reconstructed sea surface temperatures for the last deglaciation Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Nils Weitzel, Heather Andres, Jean-Philippe Baudouin, Marie-Luise Kapsch, Uwe Mikolajewicz, Lukas Jonkers, Oliver Bothe, Elisa Ziegler, Thomas Kleinen, André Paul, Kira Rehfeld
Abstract. An increasing number of climate model simulations is becoming available for the transition from the Last Glacial Maximum to the Holocene. Assessing the simulations' reliability requires benchmarking against environmental proxy records. To date, no established method exists to compare these two data sources in space and time over a period with changing background conditions. Here, we develop
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Holocene environmental and climate evolution of central west Patagonia as reconstructed from lacustrine sediments of Meseta Chile Chico (46.5° S, Chile) Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Carolina Franco, Antonio Maldonado, Christian Ohlendorf, A. Catalina Gebhardt, María Eugenia de Porras, Amalia Nuevo-Delaunay, César Méndez, Bernd Zolitschka
Abstract. Holocene environmental changes in Patagonia were mostly shaped by fluctuating ice cover recession. Consequently, environmental reconstructions are largely based on discontinuous moraine chronologies from valley deposits. Here, we present a 3 m long continuous sediment record recovered from Laguna Meseta (LME), a lake located on Meseta Chile Chico. Its altitude and location relative to the
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Reconstruction of warm-season temperatures in central Europe during the past 60 000 years from lacustrine branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs) Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Paul D. Zander, Daniel Böhl, Frank Sirocko, Alexandra Auderset, Gerald H. Haug, Alfredo Martínez-García
Abstract. Millennial-scale climate variations during the last glacial period, such as Dansgaard–Oeschger (DO) cycles and Heinrich events, have been extensively studied using ice core and marine proxy records. However, there is a limited understanding of the magnitude of these temperature fluctuations in continental regions, and questions remain about the seasonal signal of these climate events. This
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A multi-model assessment of the early last deglaciation (PMIP4 LDv1): a meltwater perspective Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-05 Brooke Snoll, Ruza Ivanovic, Lauren Gregoire, Sam Sherriff-Tadano, Laurie Menviel, Takashi Obase, Ayako Abe-Ouchi, Nathaelle Bouttes, Chengfei He, Feng He, Marie Kapsch, Uwe Mikolajewicz, Juan Muglia, Paul Valdes
Abstract. The last deglaciation (∼20–11 ka BP) is a period of a major, long-term climate transition from a glacial to interglacial state that features multiple centennial- to decadal-scale abrupt climate variations whose root cause is still not fully understood. To better understand this time period, the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP) has provided a framework for an internationally
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A global Data Assimilation of Moisture Patterns from 21,000–0 BP (DAMP-21ka) using lake level proxy records Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-05 Christopher L. Hancock, Michael P. Erb, Nicholas P. McKay, Sylvia G. Dee
Abstract. Global hydroclimate significantly differed from modern climate during the mid-Holocene (6 ka) and Last Glacial Maximum (21 ka). Consequently, both periods have been described as either a partial or reverse analogue for current climate change. To reconstruct past hydroclimate, an offline paleoclimate data assimilation methodology is applied to a dataset of 130 lake status records which provide
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ClimeApp: Opening Doors to the Past Global Climate. New Data Processing Tool for the ModE-RA Climate Reanalysis Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Richard Warren, Niklaus Emanuel Bartlome, Noémie Wellinger, Jörg Franke, Ralf Hand, Stefan Brönnimann, Heli Huhtamaa
Abstract. ClimeApp is a newly developed web-based processing tool for the state-of-the-art ModE-RA paleo-climate reanalysis. It presents temperature, precipitation and pressure reconstructions with global coverage and monthly resolution for the period 1422 to 2008 C.E. These can be visualized as maps or timeseries and compared with historical or other climate-related information through composite,
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East Antarctic Ice Sheet Variability In The Central Transantarctic Mountains Since The Mid Miocene Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Gordon Bromley, Greg Balco, Margaret Jackson, Allie Balter-Kennedy, Holly Thomas
Abstract. The response of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet to warmer-than-present climate conditions has direct implications for projections of future sea level, ocean circulation, and global radiative forcing. Nonetheless, it remains uncertain whether the ice sheet is likely to undergo net loss due to amplified melting coupled with dynamic instabilities, or whether such losses will be balanced, or even
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Assessing transient changes in the ocean carbon cycle during the last deglaciation through carbon isotope modeling Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Hidetaka Kobayashi, Akira Oka, Takashi Obase, Ayako Abe-Ouchi
Abstract. Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration (pCO2) has increased by approximately 80 ppm from the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to the early Holocene. The change in this atmospheric greenhouse gas is recognized as a climate system response to gradual change in insolation. Previous modeling studies suggested that the deglacial increase in atmospheric pCO2 is primarily attributed to the release of
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Early 20th century Southern Hemisphere cooling Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Stefan Brönnimann, Yuri Brugnara, Clive Wilkinson
Abstract. Global surface air temperature increased by ca. 0.5 °C from the 1900s to the mid-1940s, also known as Early 20th Century Warming (ETCW). However, the ETCW started from a particularly cold phase, peaking in 1908–1911. The cold phase was global but more pronounced in the Southern Hemisphere than in the Northern Hemisphere and most pronounced in the Southern Ocean, raising the question of whether
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Shoaled glacial AMOC despite vigorous tidal Dissipation: Vertical Stratification matters Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Yugeng Chen, Pengyang Song, Xianyao Chen, Gerrit Lohmann
Abstract. During the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), tidal dissipation was about threefold higher than today, which could have led to a considerable increase in vertical mixing. This would enhance the glacial Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), contradicting the shoaled AMOC as indicated by paleo proxies. Here, we conduct ocean model simulations to investigate the impact of background climate
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A Greenland-wide empirical reconstruction of paleo ice sheet retreat informed by ice extent markers: PaleoGrIS version 1.0 Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Tancrède P. M. Leger, Christopher D. Clark, Carla Huynh, Sharman Jones, Jeremy C. Ely, Sarah L. Bradley, Christiaan Diemont, Anna L. C. Hughes
Abstract. The Greenland Ice Sheet is a large contributor to global sea level rise, and current mass losses are projected to accelerate. However, model projections of future ice sheet evolution are limited by the fact that the ice sheet is not in equilibrium with present-day climate but is still adjusting to past changes that occurred over thousands of years. While the influence of such committed adjustments
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Surface buoyancy control of millennial-scale variations of the Atlantic meridional ocean circulation Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Matteo Willeit, Andrey Ganopolski, Neil R. Edwards, Stefan Rahmstorf
Abstract. Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) events are a pervasive feature of glacial climates. It is widely accepted that the associated changes in climate, which are most pronounced in the North Atlantic region, are caused by abrupt changes in the strength and/or latitude reach of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC), possibly originating from spontaneous transitions in the ocean-sea-ice-atmosphere
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Spatially aggregated climate indicators over Sweden (1860–2020), Part 1: Temperature Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Christophe Sturm
Abstract. Climate indicators are useful tools to synthesise climate information from multiple station time-series into a single national indicator. The method applied should be spatially representative and robust over time. We introduce a new method, based on Empirical Orthogonal Functions (EOF) during the calibration period 1961–2018, in order to reconstruct the climate indicator for temperature in
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Late Quaternary glacial maxima in Southern Patagonia: insights from the Lago Argentino glacier lobe Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Matias Romero, Shanti B. Penprase, Maximillian S. Van Wyk de Vries, Andrew D. Wickert, Andrew G. Jones, Shaun A. Marcott, Jorge A. Strelin, Mateo A. Martini, Tammy M. Rittenour, Guido Brignone, Mark D. Shapley, Emi Ito, Kelly R. MacGregor, Marc W. Caffee
Abstract. Determining the timing and extent of Quaternary glaciations around the globe is critical to understanding the drivers behind climate change and glacier fluctuations. Despite synchronous ice-volume and extent change across hemispheres, evidence from the southern mid-latitudes indicates that local glacial maxima occurred earlier in the glacial cycle, preceding the global Last Glacial Maximum
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Statistical precursor signals for Dansgaard–Oeschger cooling transitions Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Takahito Mitsui, Niklas Boers
Abstract. Given growing concerns about climate tipping points and their risks, it is important to investigate the capability of identifying robust precursor signals for the associated transitions. In general, the variance and short-lag autocorrelations of the fluctuations increase in a stochastically forced system approaching a critical or bifurcation-induced transition, making them theoretically suitable
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Reconstruction of drought and long-rain chronologies since the 17th century in Central Japan using intra-annual tree-ring oxygen isotope ratios and documentary records Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Hiroto Iizuka, Kenjiro Sho, Zhen Li, Masaki Sano, Yoshikazu Kato, Takeshi Nakatsuka
Abstract. Oxygen isotope ratios (δ18O) of tree-ring cellulose and historical documentary records are widely used to explore the hydroclimatic conditions of the past. In this study, we attempted to reconstruct chronologies of local climate disasters spanning four centuries in Central Japan using these proxy data. For tree-ring δ18O measurements, we prepared cellulose samples from a long-living cedar
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Weathering trends in the Norian through geochemical and rock magnetic analyses from the Pignola–Abriola section (Lagonegro Basin, Italy) Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Matteo Maron, Tetsuji Onoue, Sara Satolli, Katsuhito Soda, Honami Sato, Giovanni Muttoni, Manuel Rigo
Abstract. We investigated the geochemical and rock magnetic properties of the magnetostratigraphically calibrated Pignola–Abriola section (Italy) in order to understand the climatic perturbations that characterize the late Norian–early Rhaetian interval (Late Triassic). We performed experiments on anhysteretic and isothermal remanence (ARM and IRM) and on magnetic susceptibility (χ) to obtain the rock
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Extreme springs in Switzerland since 1763 in climate and phenological indices Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Noemi Imfeld, Koen Hufkens, Stefan Brönnimann
Abstract. Historical sources report manifold on hazardous past climate and weather events that had considerable impacts on society. Studying changes in the occurrence or mechanisms behind such events is, however, hampered by a lack of spatially and temporally complete weather data. In particular, the spring season has received less attention in comparison to summer and winter but is nevertheless relevant
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Abrupt warming and alpine glacial retreat through the last deglaciation in Alaska interrupted by modest Northern Hemisphere cooling Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Joseph P. Tulenko, Jason P. Briner, Nicolás E. Young, Joerg M. Schaefer
Abstract. Alpine glacier-based temperature reconstructions spanning the last deglaciation provide critical constraints on local to regional climate change and have been reported from several formerly glaciated regions around the world yet remain sparse from high-northern-latitude regions. Using newly and previously 10Be-dated moraines, we report paleo-glacier equilibrium line altitudes (ELAs) for 15
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Diagnosing the controls on desert dust emissions through the Phanerozoic Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Yixuan Xie, Daniel J. Lunt, Paul J. Valdes
Abstract. Desert dust is a key component of the climate system, as it influences Earth's radiative balance and biogeochemical cycles. It is also influenced by multiple aspects of the climate system, such as surface winds, vegetation cover, and surface moisture. As such, geological records of dust deposition or dust sources are important paleoclimate indicators; for example, dust records can be used
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Glacial inception through rapid ice area increase driven by albedo and vegetation feedbacks Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Matteo Willeit, Reinhard Calov, Stefanie Talento, Ralf Greve, Jorjo Bernales, Volker Klemann, Meike Bagge, Andrey Ganopolski
Abstract. We present transient simulations of the last glacial inception using the Earth system model CLIMBER-X with dynamic vegetation, interactive ice sheets, and visco-elastic solid Earth responses. The simulations are initialized at the middle of the Eemian interglacial (125 kiloyears before present, ka) and run until 100 ka, driven by prescribed changes in Earth's orbital parameters and greenhouse
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A past and present perspective on the European summer vapor pressure deficit Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Viorica Nagavciuc, Simon L. L. Michel, Daniel F. Balting, Gerhard Helle, Mandy Freund, Gerhard H. Schleser, David N. Steger, Gerrit Lohmann, Monica Ionita
Abstract. The response of evapotranspiration to anthropogenic warming is of critical importance for the water and carbon cycle. Contradictory conclusions about evapotranspiration changes are caused primarily by their brevity in time and sparsity in space, as well as the strong influence of internal variability. Here, we present the first gridded reconstruction of the summer (June, July, and August)
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Sea-level and monsoonal control on the Maldives carbonate platform (Indian Ocean) over the last 1.3 million years Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Montserrat Alonso-Garcia, Jesus Reolid, Francisco J. Jimenez-Espejo, Or M. Bialik, Carlos A. Alvarez Zarikian, Juan Carlos Laya, Igor Carrasquiera, Luigi Jovane, John J. G. Reijmer, Gregor P. Eberli, Christian Betzler
Abstract. The Maldives Archipelago (Indian Ocean), composed of two rows of atolls that enclose an inner sea, offers an excellent study site to explore the forcings of carbonate production at platforms. Glacial–interglacial sea-level changes have been claimed to be the main factor controlling the carbonate platform factories; however, climatic factors may also have an impact. In this work we used geochemical
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Improve iLOVECLIM (version 1.1) with a multi-layer snow model: surface mass balance evolution during the Last Interglacial Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Thi-Khanh-Dieu Hoang, Aurélien Quiquet, Christophe Dumas, Andreas Born, Didier M. Roche
Abstract. During the Quaternary, ice sheets experienced several retreat-advanced cycles, strongly influencing climate patterns. In order to properly simulate these phenomena, it is preferable to use physics-based models instead of parameterizations to estimate surface mass balance (SMB) which has a strong influence on the ice sheet evolution. To further investigate the potential of these SMB models
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Planktonic foraminiferal assemblages as tracers of paleoceanographic changes within the Northern Benguela current system since the Early Pleistocene Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Arianna Valentina Del Gaudio, Aaron Avery, Gerald Auer, Werner Erwin Piller, Walter Kurz
Abstract. The Benguela Upwelling System (BUS), located in the southeastern Atlantic Ocean, represents one of the world’s most productive regions. This system is delimited to the south by the Agulhas retroflection region. The northern boundary of the BUS is, instead, represented by the Angola Benguela Front (ABF), which is a thermal feature separating warm waters of the Angola Basin (including the South
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Antarctic climate response in Last-Interglacial simulations using the Community Earth System Model (CESM2) Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Mira Berdahl, Gunter R. Leguy, William H. Lipscomb, Bette L. Otto-Bliesner, Esther C. Brady, Robert A. Tomas, Nathan M. Urban, Ian Miller, Harriet Morgan, Eric J. Steig
Abstract. We examine results from two transient modelling experiments that simulate the Last Interglacial period (LIG) using the state-of-the-art Community Earth System Model (CESM2), with a focus on climate and ocean changes relevant to the possible collapse of the Antarctic ice sheet. The experiments simulate the early millennia of the LIG warm period using orbital forcing, greenhouse gas concentrations
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Evolution of winter precipitation in the Nile river watershed since the last glacial Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Vera Dorothee Meyer, Jürgen Pätzold, Gesine Mollenhauer, Isla S. Castañeda, Stefan Schouten, Enno Schefuß
Abstract. Between 14.5 and 5 ka, the Sahara was vegetated owing to a wet climate during the African humid period. However, the climatic factors sustaining the “green Sahara” are still a matter of debate. Particularly the role of winter precipitation is poorly understood. Using the stable hydrogen isotopic composition (δD, where D stands for deuterium) of high molecular weight (HMW) n-alkanoic acids
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CO2-driven and orbitally driven oxygen isotope variability in the Early Eocene Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Julia Campbell, Christopher J. Poulsen, Jiang Zhu, Jessica E. Tierney, Jeremy Keeler
Abstract. Paleoclimate reconstructions of the Early Eocene provide important data constraints on the climate and hydrologic cycle under extreme warm conditions. Available terrestrial water isotope records have been primarily interpreted to signal an enhanced hydrologic cycle in the Early Eocene associated with large-scale warming induced by high atmospheric CO2. However, orbital-scale variations in
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Reconstructing hydroclimate changes over the past 2500 years using speleothems from Pyrenean caves (NE Spain) Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Miguel Bartolomé, Ana Moreno, Carlos Sancho, Isabel Cacho, Heather Stoll, Negar Haghipour, Ánchel Belmonte, Christoph Spötl, John Hellstrom, R. Lawrence Edwards, Hai Cheng
Abstract. Reconstructing of past hydroclimates at regional scales during the Common Era (CE) is necessary to place the current warming in the context of natural climate variability. Here we present a composite record of oxygen isotope variations during last 2500 years based on eight stalagmites from four caves in the central Pyrenees (NE Spain) dominated by temperature variations, with the amount of
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High-resolution LGM climate of Europe and the Alpine region using the regional climate model WRF Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Emmanuele Russo, Jonathan Buzan, Sebastian Lienert, Guillaume Jouvet, Patricio Velasquez Alvarez, Basil Davis, Patrick Ludwig, Fortunat Joos, Christoph C. Raible
Abstract. In this study we present a series of sensitivity experiments conducted for the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, ∼21 ka) over Europe using the regional climate Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF). Using a four-step two-way nesting approach, we are able to reach a convection-permitting horizontal resolution over the inner part of the study area, covering central Europe and the Alpine region
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A global analysis of reconstructed land climate changes during Dansgaard-Oeschger events Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Mengmeng Liu, Iain Colin Prentice, Sandy P. Harrison
Abstract. Dansgaard–Oeschger (D–O) warming events are comparable in magnitude and rate to the anticipated 21st century warming. As such, they provide a good target for evaluation of the ability of state-of-the-art climate models to simulate rapid climate changes. Despite the wealth of qualitative information about climate changes during the D-O events, there has been no attempt to date to make quantitative
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Orbitally forced environmental changes during the accumulation of a Pliensbachian (Lower Jurassic) black shale in northern Iberia Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Naroa Martínez-Braceras, Aitor Payros, Jaume Dinarès-Turell, Idoia Rosales, Javier Arostegi, Roi Silva-Casal
Abstract. Lower Pliensbachian hemipelagic successions from the north Iberian palaeomargin are characterized by the occurrence of organic-rich calcareous rhythmites of decimetre-thick limestone and marl beds and thicker black shale intervals. Understanding the genetic mechanisms of the cyclic lithologies and involved processes along with the nature of the carbon cycle is of primary interest. The cyclostratigraphic
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North American Pleistocene Glacial Erosion and Thin Pliocene Regolith Thickness Inferred from Data-Constrained Fully Coupled Ice-Climate-Sediment modelling Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Matthew Drew, Lev Tarasov
Abstract. Beyond the impact of glacial isostatic adjustment, landscape evolution is typically neglected at large scale when considering the basal boundary condition for ice sheet and climate modelling over past glacial cycles. Erosion and changing sediment loads impact bed elevation, land/sea mask, and basal drag. To date, how the above affects past ice sheet evolution is unclear. Constraining the
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Distinct seasonal changes and precession forcing of surface and subsurface temperatures in the mid-latitudinal North Atlantic during the onset of the Late Pliocene Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Xiaolei Pang, Antje Helga Luise Voelker, Sihua Lu, Xuan Ding
Abstract. The Late Pliocene marks the intensification of Northern Hemisphere Glaciation, offering a unique opportunity to study climate evolution and ice-sheet related feedback mechanisms. In this study, we present high-resolution Mg/Ca-based sea surface (SST) and subsurface temperatures (SubT) derived from foraminiferal species Globigerinoides ruber and Globorotalia hirsuta, respectively, at the Integrated
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Fifty-year seasonal variability of East African droughts and floods recorded in Central Afar lake sediments (Ethiopia) and their connections with ENSO Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Carlo Mologni, Marie Revel, Eric Chaumillon, Emmanuel Malet, Thibault Coulombier, Pierre Sabatier, Pierre Brigode, Hervé Gwenael, Anne-Lise Develle, Laure Schenini, Medhi Messous, Gourguen Davtian, Alain Carré, Delphine Bosch, Natacha Volto, Clément Ménard, Lamya Khalidi, Fabien Arnaud
Abstract. Understanding past and present hydro-system feedbacks to global ocean-atmospheric interactions represents one of the main challenges to preventing droughts, extreme events and related human catastrophes in the face of global warming, especially in arid and semiarid environments. In eastern Africa, the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) was identified as one of the primary drivers of precipitation
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A continental reconstruction of hydroclimatic variability in South America during the past 2000 years Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Mathurin A. Choblet, Janica C. Bühler, Valdir F. Novello, Nathan J. Steiger, Kira Rehfeld
Abstract. Paleoclimatological field reconstructions are valuable for understanding hydroclimatic variability. While being similarly impactful on societies as temperature variability, hydroclimatic variability has still remained less in focus. However, reconstructing globally complete fields of climate variables lacks adequate proxy data from tropical regions like South America, limiting our understanding
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Simulation of a former ice field with PISM – Snežnik study case Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Matjaž Depolli, Manja Žebre, Uroš Stepišnik, Gregor Kosec
Abstract. In this paper we present a reconstruction of climate conditions during the Last Glacial Maximum on a karst plateau in Dinaric Mountains (southern Slovenia) that bares evidence of glaciation. The reconstruction merges geomorphological ice limits, classified as either clear or unclear, and computer modelling approach based on Parallel Ice Sheet Model, which is an established numerical model
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A global compilation of diatom silica oxygen isotope records from lake sediment – trends and implications for climate reconstruction Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Philip Meister, Anne Alexandre, Hannah Bailey, Philip Barker, Boris K. Biskaborn, Ellie Broadman, Rosine Cartier, Bernhard Chapligin, Martine Couapel, Jonathan R. Dean, Bernhard Diekmann, Poppy Harding, Andrew C. G. Henderson, Armand Hernandez, Ulrike Herzschuh, Svetlana S. Kostrova, Jack Lacey, Melanie J. Leng, Andreas Lücke, Anson W. Mackay, Eniko Katalin Magyari, Biljana Narancic, Cécile Porchier
Abstract. Oxygen isotopes in biogenic silica (δ18OBSi) from lake sediments allow for quantitative reconstruction of past hydroclimate and proxy-model comparison in terrestrial environments. The signals of individual records have been attributed to different factors, such as air temperature (Tair), atmospheric circulation patterns, hydrological changes, and lake evaporation. While every lake has its
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Astronomically paced climate and carbon cycle feedbacks in the lead-up to the Late Devonian Kellwasser Crisis Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Nina M. A. Wichern, Or M. Bialik, Theresa Nohl, Lawrence M. E. Percival, R. Thomas Becker, Pim Kaskes, Philippe Claeys, David De Vleeschouwer
Abstract. Repeated carbon isotope excursions and widespread organic-rich shale deposition mark the Middle and Upper Devonian series. Various explanations such as extensive volcanism and land plant evolution have been given for these perturbations and the general sensitivity of the Devonian oceans to the development of anoxia, but their repeated nature suggests that astronomical forcing may have controlled
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The Spatial-Temporal Evolution of the Chongzhen Drought (1627–1644) in China and its Impact on Famine Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Siying Chen, Yun Su, Xudong Chen, Liang Emlyn Yang
Abstract. Investigations of past extreme climate events offer insights into the interactions between natural forces, ecosystems, and human societies. The Chongzhen Drought, which occurred from 1627 to 1644 CE, stands as possibly the most severe drought in central and eastern China over the last 1500 years, remarkable for its duration, extent, and the vast number of people affected. Concurrently, a
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The comparative role of physical system processes in Hudson Strait ice stream cycling: a comprehensive model-based test of Heinrich event hypotheses Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Kevin Hank, Lev Tarasov
Abstract. Despite their recognized significance on global climate and extensive research efforts, the mechanism(s) driving Heinrich Events remain(s) a subject of debate. Here, we use the 3D thermo-mechanically coupled Glacial Systems Model (GSM) to examine Hudson Strait ice stream surge cycling as well as the role of 3 factors previously hypothesized to play a critical role in Heinrich events: ice
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Last Glacial Maximum climate and atmospheric circulation over the Australian region from climate models Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Yanxuan Du, Josephine R. Brown, J. M. Kale Sniderman
Abstract. The Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; ∼21 kyr ago) was the most recent time that the Earth experienced global maximum ice volume and minimum eustatic sea level. The climate changes over the Australian region at the LGM remain uncertain, including the extent of cooling in the arid interior, changes in the regional atmospheric circulations such as the tropical monsoon and mid-latitude westerlies,
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Two severe famines (1809–1810, 1814–1814) in Korea during the last stage of the little ice age (1809–1819) Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Sung Woo Kim
Abstract. From the eruption of an unknown volcano in 1809 until that of Tambora in April 1815, large and small volcanoes erupted in succession, causing various climatic changes around the Earth. During this period, the monsoon climate zone of East Asia, including Korea, had a very dry summer, and the rice yield was very poor, which resulted in two severe famines that lasted until early summer in the
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South Asian summer monsoon enhanced by the uplift of Iranian Plateau in Middle Miocene Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Meng Zuo, Yong Sun, Yan Zhao, Gilles Ramstein, Lin Ding, Tianjun Zhou
Abstract. The South Asian summer monsoon (SASM) significantly intensified during the Middle Miocene (17–12 Ma), but the driver to this change remains an open question. The uplift of the Himalaya (HM) and Iranian Plateau (IP), and global CO2 variation are prominent factors among suggested drivers. Particularly the impact of high CO2 on the Miocene SASM is little studied despite a large range of reconstructed
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Making sense of variation in sclerochronological stable isotope profiles of mollusks and fish otoliths from the early Eocene southern North Sea Basin Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Johan Vellekoop, Daan Vanhove, Inge Jelu, Philippe Claeys, Linda C. Ivany, Niels J. de Winter, Robert P. Speijer, Etienne Steurbaut
Abstract. Stable isotope sclerochemistry of mollusks and otoliths is frequently used for the reconstruction of paleotemperature and seasonality. Constraints on the paleoecology and –environment of these organisms, and how these factors influence intra-and inter-taxon isotope variability and variation, are thus highly valuable. We measured seasonal changes in δ18O and δ13C compositions in multiple specimens
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Bayesian multi-proxy reconstruction of early Eocene latitudinal temperature gradients Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Kilian Eichenseer, Lewis A. Jones
Abstract. Accurately reconstructing large-scale palaeoclimatic patterns from sparse local records is critical for understanding the evolution of Earth's climate. Particular challenges arise from the patchiness, uneven spatial distribution, and disparate nature of palaeoclimatic proxy records. Geochemical data typically provide temperature estimates via transfer functions derived from experiments. Similarly
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The geometry of sea-level change across a mid-Pliocene glacial cycle Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Meghan E. King, Jessica R. Creveling, Jerry X. Mitrovica
Abstract. Predictions for future sea-level change and ice sheet stability rely on accurate reconstructions of sea level during past warm intervals, such as the mid-Pliocene Warm Period (MPWP; 3.264 – 3.025 Ma). The magnitude of MPWP glacial cycles, and the relative contribution of meltwater sources, remains uncertain. We explore this issue by modeling glacial isostatic adjustment processes for a wide
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Modeling Mediterranean ocean biogeochemistry of the Last Glacial Maximum Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Katharina D. Six, Uwe Mikolajewicz, Gerhard Schmiedl
Abstract. We present results of simulations with a physical-biogeochemical ocean model of the Mediterranean Sea for the last glacial maximum (LGM) and analyse the difference in physical and biochemical states between the present day and the past. Long-term simulations with an Earth system model based on ice sheet reconstructions provide the necessary atmospheric forcing data, oceanic boundary conditions
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New estimates of sulfate diffusion rates in the EPICA Dome C ice core Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Rachael H. Rhodes, Yvan Bollet-Quivogne, Piers R. F. Barnes, Mirko Severi, Eric W. Wolff
Abstract. To extract climatically relevant chemical signals from the deepest, oldest Antarctic ice, we must first understand the degree to which chemical ions diffuse within solid ice. Volcanic sulfate peaks are the ideal target for such an investigation because they are high amplitude, short duration (~3 years) events with a quasi-uniform structure. Here we present analysis of the EPICA Dome C sulfate
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Holocene land cover change in North America: continental trends, regional drivers, and implications for vegetation-atmosphere feedbacks Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Andria Dawson, John W. Williams, Marie-José Gaillard, Simon J. Goring, Behnaz Pirzamanbein, Johan Lindstrom, R. Scott Anderson, Andrea Brunelle, David Foster, Konrad Gajewski, Dan G. Gavin, Terri Lacourse, Thomas A. Minckley, Wyatt Oswald, Bryan Shuman, Cathy Whitlock
Abstract. Land cover governs the biogeophysical and biogeochemical feedbacks between the land surface and atmosphere. Holocene vegetation-atmosphere interactions are of particular interest, both to understand the climate effects of intensifying human land use and as a possible explanation for the Holocene Conundrum, a widely studied mismatch between simulated and reconstructed temperatures. Progress
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BrGDGT-based seasonal paleotemperature reconstruction for the last 15 000 years from a shallow lake on the eastern Tibetan Plateau Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Xiaohuan Hou, Nannan Wang, Zhe Sun, Kan Yuan, Xianyong Cao, Juzhi Hou
Abstract. Understanding Holocene temperature changes is vital for resolving discrepancies between proxy reconstructions and climate models. The intricate temperature variations across the Tibetan Plateau (TP) add complexity to studying continental climate change during this period. Discrepancies between model-based and proxy-based reconstructions might stem from seasonal biases and environmental uncertainties
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Total Air Content measurements from the RECAP ice core Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-12 Sindhu Vudayagiri, Bo Vinther, Johannes Freitag, Peter L. Langen, Thomas Blunier
Abstract. Total air content (TAC) of the REnland ice CAP project (RECAP) core, drilled in summer 2015, is measured as a part of investigating the elevation history of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GIS). TAC is a proxy for the elevation at which the ice was originally formed as the TAC in ice cores is predominantly influenced by surface air pressure and conditions like temperature and local summer insolation