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Hailstorm events in the Central Andes of Peru: insights from historical data and radar microphysics Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-18 Jairo M. Valdivia, José Luis Flores-Rojas, Josep J. Prado, David Guizado, Elver Villalobos-Puma, Stephany Callañaupa, Yamina Silva-Vidal
Abstract. Hailstorms, while fascinating from a meteorological perspective, pose significant risks to communities, agriculture, and infrastructure. In regions such as the Central Andes of Peru, the characteristics and frequency of these extreme weather events remain largely uncharted. This study fills this gap by investigating the historical frequency and vertical structure of hailstorms in this region
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Retrieving UV–Vis spectral single-scattering albedo of absorbing aerosols above clouds from synergy of ORACLES airborne and A-train sensors Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-18 Hiren T. Jethva, Omar Torres, Richard A. Ferrare, Sharon P. Burton, Anthony L. Cook, David B. Harper, Chris A. Hostetler, Jens Redemann, Vinay Kayetha, Samuel LeBlanc, Kristina Pistone, Logan Mitchell, Connor J. Flynn
Abstract. Inadequate knowledge about the complex microphysical and optical processes of the aerosol–cloud system severely restricts our ability to quantify the resultant impact on climate. Contrary to the negative radiative forcing (cooling) exerted by aerosols in cloud-free skies over dark surfaces, the absorbing aerosols, when lofted over the clouds, can potentially lead to significant warming of
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Greenhouse gas retrievals for the CO2M mission using the FOCAL method: first performance estimates Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-18 Stefan Noël, Michael Buchwitz, Michael Hilker, Maximilian Reuter, Michael Weimer, Heinrich Bovensmann, John P. Burrows, Hartmut Bösch, Ruediger Lang
Abstract. The Anthropogenic Carbon Dioxide Monitoring (CO2M) mission is a constellation of satellites currently planned to be launched in 2026. CO2M is planned to be a core component of a Monitoring and Verification Support (MVS) service capacity under development as part of the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS). The CO2M radiance measurements will be used to retrieve column-averaged
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Quantitative imaging of carbon dioxide plumes using a ground-based shortwave infrared spectral camera Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-18 Marvin Knapp, Ralph Kleinschek, Sanam N. Vardag, Felix Külheim, Helge Haveresch, Moritz Sindram, Tim Siegel, Bruno Burger, André Butz
Abstract. We present the first results of a ground-based imaging experiment using a shortwave infrared spectral camera to quantify carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from a coal-fired power plant in Mannheim, Germany. The power plant emits more than 4.9 Mt CO2 yr−1 and is a validation opportunity for the emission estimation technique. The camera is a hyperspectral imaging spectrometer that covers the spectral
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The transition to new ozone absorption cross sections for Dobson and Brewer total ozone measurements Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-18 Karl Voglmeier, Voltaire A. Velazco, Luca Egli, Julian Gröbner, Alberto Redondas, Wolfgang Steinbrecht
Abstract. Comparisons between total ozone column (TOC) measurements from ground-based Dobson and Brewer spectrophotometers and from various satellite instruments generally reveal seasonally varying differences of a few percent. A large part of these differences has been attributed to the operationally used Bass and Paur ozone cross sections and the lack of accounting for varying stratospheric temperatures
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Distribution characteristics of summer precipitation raindrop spectrum in Qinghai−Tibet Plateau Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-18 Fuzeng Wang, Yao Huo, Yaxi Cao, Qiusong Wang, Tong Zhang, Junqing Liu, Guangmin Cao
Abstract. To enhance the precision of precipitation forecasting in the Qinghai−Tibet Plateau region, a comprehensive study of both macro− and micro−characteristics of local precipitation is imperative. In this study, we investigated the particle size distribution, droplet velocity, droplet number density, Z (Radar reflectivity) − I (Rainfall intensity) relationship, and Gamma distribution of precipitation
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The High lAtitude sNowfall Detection and Estimation aLgorithm for ATMS (HANDEL-ATMS): a new algorithm for snowfall retrieval at high latitudes Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Andrea Camplani, Daniele Casella, Paolo Sanò, Giulia Panegrossi
Abstract. The High lAtitude sNow Detection and Estimation aLgorithm for ATMS (HANDEL-ATMS) is a new machine-learning (ML)-based snowfall retrieval algorithm for Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS) observations that has been developed specifically to detect and quantify high-latitude snowfall events that often form in cold, dry environments and produce light snowfall rates. ATMS and the future
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Next-generation radiance unfiltering process for the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System instrument Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Lusheng Liang, Wenying Su, Sergio Sejas, Zachary Eitzen, Norman G. Loeb
Abstract. The filtered radiances measured by the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) instruments are converted to shortwave (SW), longwave (LW), and window unfiltered radiances based on regressions developed from theoretical radiative transfer simulations to relate filtered and unfiltered radiances. This paper describes an update to the existing Edition 4 CERES unfiltering algorithm
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Development of a cascade impactor optimized for size-fractionated analysis of aerosol metal content by total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (TXRF) Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Claudio Crazzolara, Andreas Held
Abstract. A new cascade impactor has been developed with the arrangement of the classifying nozzles optimized for analysis of the collected particles by total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF). TXRF offers detection limits in the range of a few picograms of absolute mass and therefore poses great potential for the elemental analysis of heavy metals in aerosol particles. To fully exploit this high
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Improved rain event detection in commercial microwave link time series via combination with MSG SEVIRI data Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Maximilian Graf, Andreas Wagner, Julius Polz, Llorenç Lliso, José Alberto Lahuerta, Harald Kunstmann, Christian Chwala
Abstract. The most reliable areal precipitation estimation is usually generated via combinations of different measurements. Path-averaged rainfall rates can be derived from commercial microwave links (CMLs), where attenuation of the emitted radiation is strongly related to rainfall rate. CMLs can be combined with data from other rainfall measurements or can be used individually. They are available
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A directional surface reflectance climatology determined from TROPOMI observations Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Lieuwe G. Tilstra, Martin de Graaf, Victor J. H. Trees, Pavel Litvinov, Oleg Dubovik, Piet Stammes
Abstract. In this paper, we introduce a spectral surface reflectivity climatology based on observations made by TROPOMI on board the Sentinel-5P satellite. The database contains the directionally dependent Lambertian-equivalent reflectivity (DLER) of the Earth's surface for 21 wavelength bands ranging from 328 to 2314 nm and for each calendar month. The spatial resolution of the database grid is 0
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Radiative closure tests of collocated hyperspectral microwave and infrared radiometers Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Lei Liu, Natalia Bliankinshtein, Yi Huang, John R. Gyakum, Philip M. Gabriel, Shiqi Xu, Mengistu Wolde
Abstract. Temperature and water vapor profiles are essential to climate change studies and weather forecasting. Hyperspectral instruments are of great value for retrieving temperature and water vapor profiles, enabling accurate monitoring of their changes. Successful retrievals of temperature and water vapor profiles require accuracy of hyperspectral radiometer measurements. In this study, the radiometric
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Atmospheric propane (C3H8) column retrievals from ground-based FTIR observations at Xianghe, China Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Minqiang Zhou, Pucai Wang, Bart Dils, Bavo Langerock, Geoff Toon, Christian Hermans, Weidong Nan, Qun Cheng, Martine DeMaziere
Abstract. Propane (C3H8) is an important trace gas in the atmosphere, as it is a proxy for oil and gas production and has a significant impact on atmospheric chemical reactions related to the hydroxyl radical and tropospheric ozone formation. In this study, solar direct absorption spectra near 2967 cm−1 recorded by a ground-based Fourier Transform InfraRed spectrometer (FTIR) are applied to retrieve
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In-Flight Estimation of Instrument Spectral Response Functions Using Sparse Representations Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Jihanne El Haouari, Jean-Michel Gaucel, Christelle Pittet, Jean-Yves Tourneret, Herwig Wendt
Abstract. Accurate estimates of Instrument Spectral Response Functions (ISRFs) are crucial in order to have a good characterization of high resolution spectrometers. Spectrometers are composed of different optical elements that can induce errors in the measurements and therefore need to be modeled as accurately as possible. Parametric models are currently used to estimate these response functions.
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Investigation of gravity waves using measurements from a sodium temperature/wind lidar operated in multi-direction mode Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Bing Cao, Alan Z. Liu
Abstract. A narrow-band sodium lidar provides high temporal and vertical resolution observations of sodium density, atmospheric temperature, and wind that facilitate the investigation of atmospheric waves in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (80–105 km). In order to retrieve full vector winds, such a lidar is usually configured in a multi-direction observing mode, with laser beams pointing to the
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Comparison of the imaginary parts of the atmospheric refractive index structure parameter and aerosol flux based on different measurement methods Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Renmin Yuan, Hongsheng Zhang, Jiajia Hua, Hao Liu, Peizhe Wu, Xingyu Zhu, Jianning Sun
Abstract. The complexity of aerosol particle properties and the diversity of characterizations make aerosol vertical transport flux measurements and analysis difficult. Although there are different methods, such as aerosol particle number concentration flux and aerosol mass flux based on the eddy covariance principle as well as aerosol mass flux measurements based on the light-propagated large-aperture
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Design and evaluation of a low-cost sensor node for near-background methane measurement Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Daniel Furuta, Bruce Wilson, Albert A. Presto, Jiayu Li
Abstract. We developed a low-cost methane sensing node incorporating two metal oxide (MOx) sensors (Figaro Engineering TGS2611-E00 and TGS2600), humidity and temperature sensing, data storage, and telemetry. We deployed the prototype sensor alongside a reference methane analyzer at two sites: one outdoors and one indoors. We collected data at each site for several months across a range of environmental
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Evaluation of Aeolus feature mask and particle extinction coefficient profile products using CALIPSO data Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Ping Wang, David Patrick Donovan, Gerd-Jan van Zadelhoff, Jos de Kloe, Dorit Huber, Katja Reissig
Abstract. The Atmospheric LAser Doppler INstrument (ALADIN) onboard Aeolus, was the first high-spectral-resolution lidar (HSRL) in space. It was launched in 2018 and re-entered in 2023. The feature mask (A-FM) and extinction profile algorithms (A-PRO) developed for the Earth Cloud, Aerosol and Radiation Explorer (EarthCARE) HSRL Atmospheric Lider (ATLID) have been adapted to Aeolus, called AEL-FM and
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Development of a Multichannel Organics In situ enviRonmental Analyzer (MOIRA) for mobile measurements of volatile organic compounds Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-15 Audrey J. Dang, Nathan M. Kreisberg, Tyler L. Cargill, Jhao-Hong Chen, Sydney Hornitschek, Remy Hutheesing, Jay R. Turner, Brent J. Williams
Abstract. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have diverse functionality, emission sources, and environmental fates. Speciated measurements of their spatiotemporal variability are thus key to understanding their impacts on air quality, health, and climate. Networks of passive samplers can be used to map VOC concentrations, or in situ instruments can be deployed on mobile platforms. Limitations of existing
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Testing Ion Exchange Resin for quantifying bulk and throughfall deposition of macro and micro-elements on forests Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-15 Marleen A. E. Vos, Wim de Vries, G. F. Ciska Veen, Marcel Hoosbeek, Frank J. Sterck
Abstract. Atmospheric deposition is a major nutrient influx in ecosystems and high anthropogenic deposition may disrupt ecosystem functioning. Quantification of the deposition flux is required to understand the impact of such anthropogenic pollution. However, current methods to measure nutrient deposition are costly, labor intensive and potentially inaccurate. Ion Exchange Resin (IER) appears a promising
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Evaluation of the effects of different lightning protection rods on the data quality of C-Band weather radars Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-12 Cornelius Hald, Maximilian Schaper, Annette Böhm, Michael Frech, Jan Petersen, Bertram Lange, Benjamin Rohrdantz
Abstract. Lightning protection is important for weather radars to prevent critical damage or outages but can have negative effects on data quality. The existing lightning protection of the DWD polarimetric C-Band weather radar network consists of four vertical poles with a maximum diameter of 10 cm. During radar operation, these rods cause local scattering in the near field of the antenna, resulting
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Two new 222Rn emanation sources – a comparison study Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Tanita J. Ballé, Stefan Röttger, Florian Mertes, Anja Honig, Petr Kovar, Petr P. S. Otáhal, Annette Röttger
Abstract. More than 50 % of naturally occurring radiation exposure to the general public is due to the noble gas radon (222Rn) and its progenies, causing considerable health risks. Therefore, the European Union has implemented Council Directive 2013/59/EURATOM to measure 222Rn activity concentrations and to identify radon priority areas (RPAs) to specify areas where countermeasures are most needed
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Sampling the diurnal and annual cycles of the Earth’s energy imbalance with constellations of satellite-borne radiometers Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Thomas Hocking, Thorsten Mauritsen, Linda Megner
Abstract. The Earth's energy imbalance, i.e. the difference between incoming solar radiation and outgoing reflected and emitted radiation, is the one quantity that ultimately controls the evolution of our climate system. Despite its importance, the exact magnitude of the energy imbalance is not well known, and because it is a small net difference of about 1 Wm-2 between two large fluxes (approximately
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An Economical Tunable-Diode Laser Spectrometer for Fast-Response Measurements of Water Vapor in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Emily Wein, Lars Kalnajs, Darin Toohey
Abstract. The high spatiotemporal variability of water vapor in the atmospheric boundary layer possesses a significant measurement challenge with abundances varying by an order of magnitude over short spatial and temporal scales. Herein, we describe the design and characterization of an economical and flexible fast-response instrument for measurements of water vapor the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL)
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Uncertainties in temperature statistics and fluxes determined by sonic anemometer due to wind-induced vibrations of mounting arms Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Zhongming Gao, Heping Liu, Dan Li, Bai Yang, Von Walden, Lei Li, Ivan Bogoev
Abstract. Accurate air temperature measurements are essential in eddy covariance systems, not only for determining sensible heat flux but also for applying the density effect corrections (DEC) to water vapor and CO2 fluxes. However, the influence of wind-induced vibrations of mounting structures on temperature fluctuations remains a subject of investigation. This study examines 30-min average temperature
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The Ice Cloud Imager: retrieval of frozen water column properties Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Eleanor May, Bengt Rydberg, Inderpreet Kaur, Vinia Mattioli, Hanna Hallborn, Patrick Eriksson
Abstract. The Ice Cloud Imager (ICI) aboard the Second Generation of the EUMETSAT Polar System (EPS-SG) will provide novel measurements of ice hydrometeors. ICI is a passive conically scanning radiometer that will operate within a frequency range of 183 GHz to 664 GHz, helping to cover the present wavelength gap between microwave and infrared observations. Reliable global data will be produced on a
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PEAKO and peakTree: Tools for detecting and interpreting peaks in cloud radar Doppler spectra – capabilities and limitations Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Teresa Vogl, Martin Radenz, Fabiola Ramelli, Rosa Gierens, Heike Kalesse-Los
Abstract. Cloud radar Doppler spectra are of particular interest for investigating cloud microphysical processes, such as ice formation, riming and ice multiplication. When hydrometeor types within a cloud radar observation volume have sufficiently different terminal fall velocities, they produce individual Doppler spectrum peaks, convoluted by dynamical effects. If these (sub-)peaks can be separated
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Characterization of stratospheric particle size distribution uncertainties using SAGE II and SAGE III/ISS extinction spectra Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-09 Travis N. Knepp, Mahesh Kovilakam, Larry Thomason, Stephen J. Miller
Abstract. A new algorithm was developed to infer particle size distribution parameters from the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment II (SAGE II) and SAGE III on the International Space Station (SAGE III/ISS) extinction spectra using a lookup table (LUT) approach. Here, the SAGE-based extinction ratios were matched to LUT values, and, using these matches, weighted statistics were calculated to
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Retrieval pseudo BRDF-adjusted surface reflectance at 440 nm from Geostationary Environmental Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-09 Suyoung Sim, Sungwon Choi, Daeseong Jung, Jongho Woo, Nayeon Kim, Sungwoo Park, Honghee Kim, Ukkyo Jeong, Hyunkee Hong, Kyung-Soo Han
Abstract. In remote sensing applications, enhancing the precision of level 2 (L2) algorithms relies heavily on the accurate estimation of the surface reflectance across the ultraviolet (UV) to visible (VIS) spectrum. However, the mutual dependence between the L2 algorithms and surface reflectance retrieval poses challenges, necessitating an alternative approach. To address this issue, many satellite
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Evaluation of Aeris mid-infrared absorption (MIRA), Picarro CRDS (cavity ring-down spectroscopy) G2307, and dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH)-based sampling for long-term formaldehyde monitoring efforts Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Asher P. Mouat, Zelda A. Siegel, Jennifer Kaiser
Abstract. Current formaldehyde (HCHO) measurement networks rely on the TO-11A offline chemical derivatization technique, which can be resource intensive and limited in temporal resolution. In this work, we evaluate the field performance of three new commercial instruments for continuous in situ formaldehyde monitoring: the Picarro cavity ring-down spectroscopy G2307 gas concentration analyzer and Aeris
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Comparing FY-2F/CTA products to ground-based manual total cloud cover observations in Xinjiang under complex underlying surfaces and different weather conditions Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Shuai Li, Hua Zhang, Yonghang Chen, Zhili Wang, Xiangyu Li, Yuan Li, Yuanyuan Xue
Abstract. Clouds are an important parameter of artificial water augmentation, which is of substantial significance to judge the precipitation capacity. Xinjiang is an arid region in northwestern China, where weather stations are sparsely distributed, the types of underlying surface are complex, and the climate between the southern and northern region varies greatly. However, the retrieval of the total
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An improved BRDF hotspot model and its use in VLIDORT for studying the impact of atmospheric scattering on hotspot directional signatures in the atmosphere Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Xiaozhen Xiong, Xu Liu, Robert Spurr, Ming Zhao, Qiguang Yang, Wan Wu, Liqiao Lei
Abstract. The term “hotspot” refers to the sharp increase in the reflectance occurring when incident (solar) and reflected (viewing) directions almost coincide in the backscatter direction. The accurate simulation of hotspot directional signatures is important for many remote sensing applications. The RossThick–LiSparse–Reciprocal (RTLSR) bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) model
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A multi-decadal time series of upper stratospheric temperature profiles from Odin-OSIRIS limb-scattered spectra Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Daniel Zawada, Kimberlee Dubé, Taran Warnock, Adam Bourassa, Susann Tegtmeier, Douglas Degenstein
Abstract. A new upper stratospheric (35–60 km) temperature data product has been produced using Optical Spectrograph and InfraRed Imager System (OSIRIS) limb-scattered spectra that now spans over 22 years. Temperature is calculated by first estimating the Rayleigh scattering signal and then integrating hydrostatic balance combined with the ideal gas law. Uncertainties are estimated to be 1–5 K, with
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An advanced spatial co-registration of cloud properties for the atmospheric Sentinel missions: Application to TROPOMI Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Athina Argyrouli, Diego Loyola, Fabian Romahn, Ronny Lutz, Víctor Molina García, Pascal Hedelt, Klaus-Peter Heue, Richard Siddans
Abstract. The retrieval of cloud parameters from the atmospheric Sentinel missions require Earth reflectance measurements from a set of spectral bands. Frequently, the ground pixel footprints of the involved spectral bands are not fully aligned and therefore, special treatment is required within the operational algorithms. This so-called inter-band spatial mis-registration of passive spectrometers
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Remote sensing of lower-middle thermosphere temperatures using the N2 Lyman-Birge-Hopfield (LBH) bands Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Richard Eastes, J. Scott Evans, Quan Gan, Bill McClintock, Jerry Lumpe
Abstract. The scientific and societal importance of short-term changes in the thermosphere-ionosphere (T-I) system has highlighted the need to advance our understanding of short-term changes in the lower-middle thermosphere. This need has become increasingly important with the rapid increase in the number of low-earth-orbiting satellites. Geomagnetic activity can dramatically increase thermospheric
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The added value and potential of long-term radio occultation data for climatological wind field monitoring Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Irena Nimac, Julia Danzer, Gottfried Kirchengast
Abstract. Global long-term stable 3D wind fields are a valuable information for climate analyses of atmospheric dynamics. Their monitoring remains a challenging task, given shortcomings of available observations. One promising option for progress is the use of radio occultation (RO) satellite data, which enable to derive wind fields based on the geostrophic and gradient wind approximations. In this
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An overview of outdoor low-cost gas-phase air quality sensor deployments: current efforts, trends, and limitations Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Kristen Okorn, Laura T. Iraci
Abstract. We reviewed 60 sensor networks and 15 related efforts (sensor review papers and data accessibility projects) to better understand the landscape of stationary low-cost gas-phase sensor networks deployed in outdoor environments worldwide. This study is not exhaustive of every gas-phase sensor network on the globe, but rather exists to categorize types of sensor networks by their key characteristics
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Data quality control and calibration for mini-radiosonde system “Storm Tracker” in Taiwan Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Hung-Chi Kuo, Ting-Shuo Yo, Hungjui Yu, Shih-Hao Su, Ching-Hwang Liu, Po-Hsiung Lin
Abstract. This study introduced and evaluated the calibration schemes of a newly developed upper-air radiosonde instrument, “Storm Tracker” (ST), with data collected in field observations during 2016–2022. The ST is a radiosonde instrument developed and tested in 2016 (Hwang et al., 2020). In a series of field campaigns in the Taiwan area, more than one thousand co-launches of ST and Vaisala RS41-SGP
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Advantages of assimilating multispectral satellite retrievals of atmospheric composition: a demonstration using MOPITT carbon monoxide products Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-05 Wenfu Tang, Benjamin Gaubert, Louisa Emmons, Daniel Ziskin, Debbie Mao, David Edwards, Avelino Arellano, Kevin Raeder, Jeffrey Anderson, Helen Worden
Abstract. The Measurements Of Pollution In The Troposphere (MOPITT) is an ideal instrument to understand the impact of (1) assimilating multispectral and joint retrievals versus single spectral products, (2) assimilating satellite profile products versus column products, and (3) assimilating multispectral and joint retrievals versus assimilating individual products separately. We use the Community
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Using OMPS-LP color ratio to extract stratospheric aerosol particle median radius and concentration with application to two volcanic eruptions Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-05 Yi Wang, Mark Schoeberl, Ghassan Taha
Abstract. We derive stratospheric aerosol microphysical parameters from Ozone Mapping Profiler Suite Limb Profiler (OMPS-LP) satellite measurements using aerosol extinction coefficient ratios at two wavelengths (the color ratio), which is sensitive to the particle radius, and concentration. We estimate various sources of uncertainty in this technique including extinction coefficient measurement error
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Observations of Tall-Building Wakes Using a Scanning Doppler Lidar Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-05 Natalie E. Theeuwes, Janet F. Barlow, Antti Mannisenaho, Denise Hertwig, Ewan O'Connor, Alan Robins
Abstract. High-rise buildings, increasingly a feature of many large cities, impact local atmospheric flow conditions. Tall building wakes affect air quality downstream due to turbulent mixing and require parametrization in dispersion models. Previous studies using numerical or physical modelling have been idealised and under neutral conditions. There has been a lack of data available in real urban
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Multi-decadal atmospheric carbon dioxide measurements in Central Europe, Hungary Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 László Haszpra
Abstract. The paper reviews and evaluates a 30-year-long atmospheric CO2 data series measured at Hegyhátsál tall-tower greenhouse gas monitoring site, a member of WMO GAW, NOAA, and ICOS networks (id. code: HUN). The paper also gives the technical description of the monitoring system, and that of the physical environment of the station. This low elevation (248 m above m.s.l.), mid-continental Central
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Evaluation of FY-4A/AGRI visible reflectance using the equivalents derived from the forecasts of CMA-MESO using RTTOV Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Yongbo Zhou, Yubao Liu, Wei Han, Yuefei Zeng, Haofei Sun, Peilong Yu
Abstract. The Advanced Geostationary Radiation Imager (AGRI) onboard the FY-4A geostationary satellite provides high spatiotemporal resolution visible reflectance data since 12 March 2018. Data assimilation experiments under the framework of observing system simulation experiments have shown great potential of these data to improve the forecasting skills of numerical weather prediction (NWP) models
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Parameterizing spectral surface reflectance relationships for the Dark Target aerosol algorithm applied to a geostationary imager Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Mijin Kim, Robert C. Levy, Lorraine A. Remer, Shana Mattoo, Pawan Gupta
Abstract. Originally developed for the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) in polar, sun-synchronous low earth orbit (LEO), the Dark Target (DT) aerosol retrieval algorithm relies on the assumption of a surface reflectance parameterization (SRP) over land surfaces. Specifically for vegetated and dark-soiled surfaces, values of surface reflectance in blue and red visible-wavelength
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An improved OMI ozone profile research product version 2.0 with collection 4 L1b data and algorithm updates Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Juseon Bak, Xiong Liu, Kai Yang, Gonzalo Gonzalez Abad, Ewan O'Sullivan, Kelly Chance, Cheol-Hee Kim
Abstract. We describe the new and improved version 2 of the ozone profile research product from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on the Aura satellite. One of the major changes is to switch the OMI L1b data from collection 3 to the recent collection 4 as well as the accompanying auxiliary datasets. The algorithm details are updated on radiative transfer model calculation and measurement calibrations
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Spatial analysis of PM2.5 using a Concentration Similarity Index applied to air quality sensor networks Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Rósín Byrne, John C. Wenger, Stig Hellebust
Abstract. Air quality sensor (AQS) networks are useful for mapping PM2.5 in urban environments, but quantitative assessment of the observed spatial and temporal variation is currently under-developed. This study introduces a new metric – the Concentration Similarity Index (CSI) – to facilitate a quantitative and time-averaged comparison of the concentration‑time profiles of PM2.5 measured by each sensor
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A bias-corrected GEMS geostationary satellite product for nitrogen dioxide using machine learning to enforce consistency with the TROPOMI satellite instrument Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Yujin J. Oak, Daniel J. Jacob, Nicholas Balasus, Laura H. Yang, Heesung Chong, Junsung Park, Hanlim Lee, Gitaek T. Lee, Eunjo S. Ha, Rokjin J. Park, Hyeong-Ahn Kwon, Jhoon Kim
Abstract. The Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) launched in February 2020 is now providing continuous daytime hourly observations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) columns over East Asia (5° S–45° N, 75° E–145° E) with 3.5 × 7.7 km2 pixel resolution. These data provide unique information to improve understanding of the sources, chemistry, and transport of nitrogen oxides (NOx) with implications
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Multiphysical description of atmospheric pressure interface chemical ionisation in MION2 and Eisele type inlets Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Henning Finkenzeller, Jyri Mikkilä, Cecilia Righi, Paxton Juuti, Mikko Sipilä, Matti Rissanen, Douglas Worsnop, Aleksei Shcherbinin, Nina Sarnela, Juha Kangasluoma
Abstract. Chemical ionisation inlets are fundamental instrument components in chemical ionisation mass spectrometry (CIMS). However, the sample gas and reagent ion trajectories are often understood only in a general and qualitative manner. Here we evaluate two atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation inlets (MION2 and Eisele type inlet) with computational fluid dynamics 3D physico-chemical models regarding
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Effects of clouds and aerosols on downwelling surface solar irradiance nowcasting and short-term forecasting Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Kyriakoula Papachristopoulou, Ilias Fountoulakis, Alkiviadis F. Bais, Basil E. Psiloglou, Nikolaos Papadimitriou, Ioannis-Panagiotis Raptis, Andreas Kazantzidis, Charalampos Kontoes, Maria Hatzaki, Stelios Kazadzis
Abstract. Solar irradiance nowcasting and short-term forecasting are important tools for the integration of solar plants into the electricity grid. Understanding the role of clouds and aerosols in those techniques is essential for improving their accuracy. In this study, we introduce improvements in the existing nowcasting and short-term forecasting operational systems SENSE (Solar Energy Nowcasting
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Aerosol and cloud data processing and optical property retrieval algorithms for the spaceborne ACDL/DQ-1 Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Guangyao Dai, Songhua Wu, Wenrui Long, Jiqiao Liu, Yuan Xie, Kangwen Sun, Fanqian Meng, Xiaoquan Song, Zhongwei Huang, Weibiao Chen
Abstract. The new-generation atmospheric environment monitoring satellite DQ-1, launched successfully in April 2022, carries the Aerosol and Carbon Detection Lidar (ACDL), which is capable of globally profiling aerosol and cloud optical properties with high accuracy. The ACDL/DQ-1 is a high-spectral-resolution lidar (HSRL) that separates molecular backscatter signals using an iodine filter and has
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Local and Regional Enhancements of CH4, CO, and CO2 Inferred from TCCON Column Measurements Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Kavitha Mottungan, Vanessa Brocchi, Chayan Roychoudhury, Benjamin Gaubert, Wenfu Tang, Mohammad Amin Mirrezaei, John McKinnon, Yafang Guo, Avelino Arellano
Abstract. In this study, we demonstrate the utility of available correlative measurements of carbon species to identify regional and local airmass characteristics and their associated source types. In particular, we combine different regression techniques and enhancement ratio algorithms with CO, CO2, and CH4 data of total column abundance from 11 sites of the Total Carbon Column Observing Network
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Directly measuring the power-law exponent and kinetic energy of atmospheric turbulence using coherent Doppler wind lidar Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Jinhong Xian, Chao Lu, Xiaoling Lin, Honglong Yang, Ning Zhang, Li Zhang
Abstract. Atmospheric turbulence parameters, such as turbulent kinetic energy and dissipation rate, are of great significance in weather prediction, meteorological disasters, and forecasting. Due to the lack of ideal direct detection methods, traditional structure function methods are mainly based on Kolmogorov's assumption of local isotropic turbulence and the well-known -5/3 power law within the
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Classification accuracy and compatibility across devices of a new Rapid-E+ flow cytometer Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Branko Sikoparija, Predrag Matavulj, Isidora Simovic, Predrag Radisic, Sanja Brdar, Vladan Minic, Danijela Tesendic, Evgeny Kadantsev, Julia Palamarchuk, Mikhail Sofiev
Abstract. The study evaluated a new model of a Plair SA air flow cytometer, Rapid-E+, and assessed its suitability for airborne pollen monitoring within operational networks. Key features of the new model are compared with the previous one, Rapid-E. A machine learning algorithm is constructed and evaluated for (i) classification of reference pollen types in laboratory conditions and (ii) monitoring
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Radar based high resolution ensemble precipitation analyses over the French Alps Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Matthieu Vernay, Matthieu Lafaysse, Clotilde Augros
Abstract. Reliable estimation of precipitation fields at high resolution is a key issue for snow cover modelling in mountainous areas, where the density of precipitation networks is far too low to capture their complex variability with topography. Adequate quantification of the remaining uncertainty in precipitation estimates is also necessary for further assimilation of complementary snow observations
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Tropospheric ozone column dataset from OMPS-LP/OMPS-NM limb–nadir matching Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Andrea Orfanoz-Cheuquelaf, Carlo Arosio, Alexei Rozanov, Mark Weber, Annette Ladstätter-Weißenmayer, John P. Burrows, Anne M. Thompson, Ryan M. Stauffer, Debra E. Kollonige
Abstract. A tropospheric ozone column (TrOC) dataset from the Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS) observations was generated by combining the retrieved total ozone column from OMPS – Nadir Mapper (OMPS-NM) and limb profiles from OMPS – Limb Profiler (OMPS-LP) data. All datasets were generated at the University of Bremen, and the TrOC product was obtained by applying the limb–nadir matching technique
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Application of fuzzy c-means clustering for analysis of chemical ionization mass spectra: insights into the gas phase chemistry of NO3-initiated oxidation of isoprene Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Rongrong Wu, Sören R. Zorn, Sungah Kang, Astrid Kiendler-Scharr, Andreas Wahner, Thomas F. Mentel
Abstract. Oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can lead to the formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA), a significant component of atmospheric fine particles, which can affect air quality, human health, and climate change. However, the current understanding of the formation mechanism of SOA is still incomplete, which is not only due to the complexity of the chemistry but also relates
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Thermal tides in the middle atmosphere at mid-latitudes measured with a ground-based microwave Radiometer Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Witali Krochin, Axel Murk, Gunter Stober
Abstract. In recent decades, theoretical studies and numerical models of thermal tides have gained attention. It has been recognized that tides have a significant influence on the dynamics of the middle and upper atmosphere, as they grow in amplitude and propagate upwards, they transport energy and momentum from the lower to the upper atmosphere, contributing to the vertical coupling between atmospheric
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Validation of GEMS tropospheric NO2 columns and their diurnal variation with ground-based DOAS measurements Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Kezia Lange, Andreas Richter, Tim Bösch, Bianca Zilker, Miriam Latsch, Lisa K. Behrens, Chisom M. Okafor, Hartmut Bösch, John P. Burrows, Alexis Merlaud, Gaia Pinardi, Caroline Fayt, Martina M. Friedrich, Ermioni Dimitropoulou, Michel Van Roozendael, Steffen Ziegler, Simona Ripperger-Lukosiunaite, Leon Kuhn, Bianca Lauster, Thomas Wagner, Hyunkee Hong, Donghee Kim, Lim-Seok Chang, Kangho Bae, Chang-Keun
Abstract. Instruments for air quality observations on geostationary satellites provide multiple observations per day and allow for the analysis of the diurnal variation of important air pollutants such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2) over large areas. The South Korean instrument GEMS on the GK2B satellite was launched in February 2020 and is the first instrument in geostationary orbit that delivers hourly
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Version 8 IMK/IAA MIPAS measurements of CFC-11, CFC-12, and HCFC-22 Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Gabriele P. Stiller, Thomas von Clarmann, Norbert Glatthor, Udo Grabowski, Sylvia Kellmann, Michael Kiefer, Alexandra Laeng, Andrea Linden, Bernd Funke, Maya García-Comas, Manuel López-Puertas
Abstract. The Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) on Envisat provided infrared limb emission spectra, which were used to infer global distributions of CFC-11, CFC-12, and HCFC-22. Spectra were analysed using constrained non-linear least-squares fitting. Changes with respect to earlier data versions refer to the use of version 8 spectra, the altitude range where the background
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Gravity waves above the Northern Atlantic and Europe during streamer events using ADM-Aeolus Atmos. Meas. Tech. (IF 3.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Sabine Wüst, Lisa Küchelbacher, Franziska Trinkl, Michael Bittner
Abstract. Information about the energy density of gravity waves (GWs) is crucial for improving atmosphere models. So far, most space-based studies report on the potential energy, Epot, of GWs, as temperature measurements from satellite are more common. We used ADM-Aeolus (Atmospheric Dynamics Mission) wind data to derive a lower limit of the kinetic energy density, Ekin, of GWs above the Northern Atlantic