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Thermal and Physical Properties of Barrovian Metamorphic Sequence Rocks in the Ailao Shan-Red River Shear Zone, and Implications for Crustal Channel Flow J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-14 Lei Ji, Fulai Liu, Richard Palin, Fang Wang, Zaibo Sun
The collisional history between Greater India and the Eurasian plate has been well constrained by the study of exhumed Barrovian metamorphic sequence (BMS) rocks in the Himalayan Range. However, in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau, the collisional records have been obscured by intense, regional-scale strike-slip overprinting and recrystallization. Here, in BMS rocks from the Ailao Shan–Red River shear
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Disagreements in Geodetically Inferred Strain Rates in the Western US With Stress Orientations and Geologic Moment Rates J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-15 Kaj M. Johnson
I employ an elasticity-based method to invert a geodetically derived surface velocity field in the western US using for present-day surface strain rate fields with uncertainties. The method uses distributed body forces in a thin elastic sheet and allows for discontinuities in velocity across creeping faults using the solution for dislocations in a thin elastic plate. I compare the strain rate fields
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Salient Changes of Earth's Magnetic Field Toward the End of Cretaceous Normal Superchron (CNS) J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-15 Xinyu Liu, Yong-Xiang Li, Carl Richter
Changes in Earth's magnetic field during the Cretaceous Normal Superchron (CNS) spanning ∼121 Ma to ∼84 Ma hold important clues about the geodynamo evolution. Canonical models predict a persistently strong geomagnetic field with low variability during CNS, which, however, has not been observed in the available absolute paleointensity data and seafloor marine magnetic anomaly (MMA) records. The lack
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The Architecture of a Root Zone of a Large Magmatic Conduit System From High Resolution Magnetic, Gravity and Petrophysical Data: The Reinfjord Ultramafic Complex J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-13 Z. Pastore, N. S. Church, C. Fichler, A. Michels, G. W. ter Maat, R. B. Larsen, S. A. McEnroe
The Seiland Igneous Province (SIP) is a large province of mafic and ultramafic (UM) complexes interpreted to be relics of a giant plumbing system feeding the Ediacaran Central Iapetus Magmatic Province. The Reinfjord Ultramafic Complex (RUC) is one of the four major ultramafic complexes of the SIP. The RUC has a younger dunite core surrounded by wehrlite and lherzolite embedded in country rocks consisting
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Path and Slip Dependent Behavior of Shallow Subduction Shear Zones During Fluid Overpressure J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-13 Benjamin D. Belzer, Melodie E. French
Elevated pore fluid pressure is proposed to contribute to slow earthquakes along shallow subduction plate boundaries. However, the processes that create high fluid pressure, disequilibrium compaction and dehydration reactions, lead to different effective stress paths in fault rocks. These paths are predicted by granular mechanics frameworks to lead to different strengths and deformation modes, yet
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Non-Double-Couple Components of Seismic Source: Method and Application to the 2014–2015 Bárðarbunga Volcanic Event Sequence, Iceland J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Yanyan Xu, Lianxing Wen
Genuine non-double-couple (non-DC) components of a seismic source, defined here as the non-DC components that are not due to summation of pure double-couple (DC) components, provide important insight into special physical processes in non-earthquake sources such as explosion, volcano eruption and collapse etc. Yet they remain challenging to be resolved. To address the issue and explore the physical
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Rock Anisotropy Promotes Hydraulic Fracture Containment at Depth J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Guanyi Lu, Seyyedmaalek Momeni, Carlo Peruzzo, Fatima-Ezzahra Moukhtari, Brice Lecampion
We report laboratory experiments and numerical simulations demonstrating that the anisotropic characteristics of rocks play a major role in the elongation of hydraulic fractures (HFs) propagating in a plane perpendicular to the rocks' inherent layering (the bedding planes in sedimentary rocks and foliation planes in metamorphic rocks). Transverse anisotropy leads to larger HF extension in the para
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CO2 Flushing Triggers Paroxysmal Eruptions at Open Conduit Basaltic Volcanoes J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Luca Caricchi, Chiara P. Montagna, Alessandro Aiuppa, Joao Lages, Giancarlo Tamburello, Paolo Papale
Open conduit volcanoes erupt with the highest frequency on Earth. Their activity is characterized by an outgassing flux that largely exceeds the gas that could be released by the erupted magma; and by frequent small explosions intercalated by larger events that pose a significant risk to locals, tourists, and scientists. Thus, identifying the signs of an impending larger explosion is of utmost importance
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High-Resolution Paleomagnetic Secular Variation Since ∼13 ka From a Loess Section in Northwest China and a Regional Geomagnetic Directional Model for East Asia J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Yunchang Fan, Shuhui Cai, Francisco Javier Pavón-Carrasco, Jianguo Xiong, Chenglong Deng, Yongxin Pan
Paleomagnetic secular variation (PSV) records provide important information for the dynamic processes of the Earth's geomagnetic field, and also can be used for regional stratigraphic correlation. We conducted a paleomagnetic study on a high sedimentation rate Holocene loess section (the Minle section) with precise 14C age constraints in Northwest China. Rock magnetic results indicate that single domain
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Dynamical Modeling of Fault Slip Rates at the New Zealand Plate Boundary Indicates Fault Weakness J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 H. Hirschberg, R. Sutherland
We construct a thin-sheet dynamical model of the New Zealand plate boundary that includes faults. Our model fits fault slip rates, style of distributed deformation, and is constrained by relative plate boundary motion. We assume a pseudo-plastic rheology and achieve a best fit to slip rate observations with a deviatoric stress magnitude of 20 MPa. Modeled local forces are significant at Puysegur and
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Temporal Seismic Velocity Changes Associated With the Mw 6.1, May 2008 Ölfus Doublet, South Iceland: A Joint Interpretation From dv/v and GPS J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Yeşim Çubuk-Sabuncu, Kristín Jónsdóttir, Thóra Árnadóttir, Aurélien Mordret, Corentin Caudron, Thomas Lecocq, Raphael De Plaen
In South Iceland, populated and agricultural areas are at risk of earthquakes due to their location within the South Iceland Seismic Zone (SISZ). In 2008, two moderate-sized earthquakes (M5.8 and M5.9) occurred in Ölfus, the western end of this highly active transform zone. We analyze temporal seismic velocity variations (dv/v) related to the Ölfus earthquake doublet, using cross-correlations of ambient
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Source Parameters of Laboratory Acoustic Emission Events Estimated From the Coda of Waveforms J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-06 Tatiana I. Kartseva, Nikolai M. Shapiro, Andrey V. Patonin, Natalia M. Shikhova, Vladimir B. Smirnov, Alexander V. Ponomarev
We develop a method to estimate relative seismic moments M0 and corner frequencies fc of acoustic emission events recorded in laboratory experiments from amplitude spectra of signal's coda composed of reverberated and scattered waves. This approach has several advantages with respect to estimations from direct waves that are often clipped and also are difficult to separate in experiments performed
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Banding in the Margins of Basaltic Dykes Indicates Pulsatory Propagation During Emplacement J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 C. Allgood, E. W. Llewellin, M. C. S. Humphreys, S. A. Mathias, R. J. Brown, C. Vye-Brown
Basaltic fissure eruptions, which are the most common type of eruption on Earth, are fed by dykes which mediate magma transport through the crust. Dyke propagation processes are important because they determine the geometry of the transport pathway and the nature of any geophysical signals associated with magma ascent. Here, we investigate small-scale (mm–cm wide) banding features at the margins of
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Gas Seepage and Pockmark Formation From Subsurface Reservoirs: Insights From Table-Top Experiments J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 I. Vaknin, E. Aharonov, R. Holtzman, O. Katz
Pockmarks are morphological depressions commonly observed in ocean and lake floors. Pockmarks form by fluid (typically gas) seepage thorough a sealing sedimentary layer, deforming and breaching the layer. The seepage-induced sediment deformation mechanisms, and their links to the resulting pockmarks morphology, are not well understood. To bridge this gap, we conduct laboratory experiments in which
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Detailed 3D Structures of the Western Edge of the Pacific Large Low Velocity Province J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Jiewen Li, Baolong Zhang, Daoyuan Sun, Dongdong Tian, Jiayuan Yao
Large Low Velocity Provinces (LLVPs) are situated oppositely in the lowermost mantle beneath the Pacific Ocean and Africa. Deciphering the detailed seismic structures at the edge of LLVPs can provide key information on the composition and dynamics in the deep Earth. Here, we provide a detailed seismic image at the western edge of the Pacific LLVP by dense recordings. Differential travel time residuals
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Experimental Insights Into Fault Reactivation and Stability of Carrara Marble Across the Brittle–Ductile Transition J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Lu Niu, Yongsheng Zhou, Tongbin Shao, Lei Wang, Xiwei Xu, Erik Rybacki
Little is known about the impact of pressure (P) and temperature (T) on faulting behavior and the transition to fault locking under high P–T conditions. Using a Paterson gas-medium apparatus, triaxial compression experiments were conducted on Carrara marble (CM) samples containing a saw-cut interface at ∼40° to the vertical axis at a constant axial strain rate of ∼1 × 10−5 s−1, P = 30–150 MPa and T = 20–600°C
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Dynamic Rupture Simulations of Caldera Collapse Earthquakes: Effects of Wave Radiation, Magma Viscosity, and Evidence of Complex Nucleation at Kı̄lauea 2018 J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Taiyi A. Wang, Eric M. Dunham, Lukas Krenz, Lauren S. Abrahams, Paul Segall, Mark R. Yoder
All instrumented basaltic caldera collapses have generated Mw > 5 very long period earthquakes. However, previous studies of source dynamics have been limited to lumped models treating the caldera block as rigid, leaving open questions related to how ruptures initiate and propagate around the ring fault, and the seismic expressions of those dynamics. We present the first 3D numerical model capturing
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Pn-Wave Receiver Function J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Liangyu Zhang, Xiaobo Tian
The receiver function (RF) method is the most widely adopted method for imaging crustal structures using earthquake data. Through attenuation during long-distance propagation, high-frequency components are scarce in teleseismic waveforms, resulting in low-frequency RFs and low-resolution crustal images. The Pn-wave contains more high-frequency components because of the short epicentral distance. To
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Pre-Eruptive Damage, Weakening and Magma-Edifice Coupling at Piton De La Fournaise Volcano J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Jean-Luc Got, Aline Peltier, David Marsan, Valerie Ferrazzini, Elodie Brothelande, Aurore Carrier
Eruptions in basaltic volcanoes are often preceded by increasing seismicity and surface deformation, which progressively damage and weaken the volcanic edifice. We show how damage and crack interaction produce the inverse Omori-Utsu law for earthquakes during pre-eruptive periods. Rock mass continuity, representing damage, is shown to decrease exponentially with the earthquake number; we interpret
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Effect of Melt on Polycrystal Anelasticity J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Hatsuki Yamauchi, Yasuko Takei
This study provides the quantitative assessment of the effect of melt on the polycrystal anelasticity by grain boundary sliding, which is necessary to evaluate the effect of melt on seismic wave velocity and attenuation. We measured elasticity, anelasticity, and viscosity of rock analog samples by changing temperature continuously from subsolidus to supersolidus. Our previous studies have shown that
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Hydrogen Diffusion in the Lower Mantle Revealed by Machine Learning Potentials J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-30 Yihang Peng, Jie Deng
Hydrogen may be incorporated into nominally anhydrous minerals including bridgmanite and post-perovskite as defects, making the Earth's deep mantle a potentially significant water reservoir. The diffusion of hydrogen and its contribution to the electrical conductivity in the lower mantle are rarely explored and remain largely unconstrained. Here we calculate hydrogen diffusivity in hydrous bridgmanite
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Seismic Observation of a New ULVZ Beneath the Southern Pacific J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-29 Zhi Li, Carl Martin, Sanne Cottaar
We present new observations of core-diffracted shear waves which contain anomalous waveforms sampling the lowermost mantle beneath the southern Pacific region. Data in two distinct geometries, one from New Zealand to North America and the other from the Fiji and Solomon Islands to South America, show evidence of postcursor phases. The postcursor delays and move-outs imply that they are caused by an
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The Lithosphere and Upper Mantle of the Western-Central Mediterranean Region From Integrated Geophysical-Geochemical Modeling J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-30 Wentao Zhang, Ivone Jiménez-Munt, Montserrat Torne, Jaume Vergés, Estefanía Bravo-Gutiérrez, Ana M. Negredo, Daniel García-Castellanos
This study integrates geophysical-geochemical data to investigate the thermochemical structure of the lithosphere and sublithospheric mantle, along the Southern Tyrrhenian Basin, Apennines, Adriatic Sea, Dinarides, and Carpathians-Balkanides. We present the lithospheric structure of the Adria microplate and the two opposing mantle slabs along its NE and SW margins. The modeling shows the presence of
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Issue Information J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-27
No abstract is available for this article.
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Machine Learning Analysis of Seismograms Reveals a Continuous Plumbing System Evolution Beneath the Klyuchevskoy Volcano in Kamchatka, Russia J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 René Steinmann, Léonard Seydoux, Cyril Journeau, Nikolai M. Shapiro, Michel Campillo
Volcanoes produce a variety of seismic signals and, therefore, continuous seismograms provide crucial information for monitoring the state of a volcano. According to their source mechanism and signal properties, seismo-volcanic signals can be categorized into distinct classes, which works particularly well for short transients. Applying classification approaches to long-duration continuous signals
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Layered Mantle Flow Field Associated With Plate Kinematics and Slab Modulation Underneath the Horseshoe-Shaped Banda Arc-Islands J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Sijia Li, Fansheng Kong, Kelly H. Liu, Stephen S. Gao
The Banda arc-continent collision zone signifies one of the most seismically active and tectonically intricate zones. The high convergence rate across the region, coupled with the exceptionally arcuate arc and subducted slab, makes it an ideal locale for investigating interactions between plate (slab) kinematics and plastic flow in the asthenosphere, which can be diagnosed by seismic anisotropy from
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Kinetic and Thermodynamic Transition Pathways of Silica by Machine Learning: Implication for Meteorite Impacts J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Xuyan Cao, Songsong Han, Junwei Li, Sheng-Cai Zhu, Qingyang Hu
Rocks falling to Earth from space may generate pressure and temperature approaching Earth's deep mantle, but such meteorite impact only persists for a very short period. Under these extreme conditions, kinetical factors largely control mineral phase transitions, in which the resultant phase may deviate from those at thermal equilibrium. Here, we focus on the phase transitions of silica during meteorite
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Seismically Informed Reference Models Enhance AI-Based Earthquake Prediction Systems J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Ying Zhang, Chengxiang Zhan, Qinghua Huang, Didier Sornette
Given the robust nonlinear regression capabilities of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology, its commendable performance in numerous geophysical tasks is expected. Yet, AI technology suffers from (a) its “black box” nature and (b) the fact that some complicated artificial neural networks (ANNs) claiming superior performance do not surpass some simple geophysical models that clearly describe the underlying
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Stable Chromium Isotope Fractionation During the Alteration of Abyssal Peridotite: Implications for Marine Chromium Isotope Mass Balance J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Chunyang Liu, Li-Juan Xu, Haibo Ma, Sheng-Ao Liu, Ping-Ping Liu, Xiangli Wang, Shuning Li
The stable chromium isotope system has been widely used as a redox proxy to reconstruct the oxygenation history of ocean atmosphere systems. However, the Cr isotope mass balance in modern oceans (i.e., inputs and outputs) remains poorly constrained. To investigate the influence of seawater-peridotite reaction on the global marine Cr isotope mass balance, we report high-precision Cr isotope data (δ53Cr)
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Informative Modes of Seismicity in Nearest-Neighbor Earthquake Proximities J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Yu-Fang Hsu, Ilya Zaliapin, Yehuda Ben-Zion
We analyze nearest-neighbor proximities of earthquakes in California based on the joint distribution (T, R) of rescaled time T and rescaled distance R between pairs of earthquakes (Zaliapin & Ben-Zion, 2013a, https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrb.50179), using seismic catalogs from several regions and several catalogs for the San Jacinto Fault Zone (SJFZ). The study aims to identify informative modes in nearest-neighbor
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P-Wave Velocities Across the α → β Quartz Transition at Lower Continental Crust Pressure and Temperature Conditions J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Arefeh Moarefvand, Julien Gasc, Damien Deldicque, Loic Labrousse, Alexandre Schubnel
The quartz α → β transition is a displacive phase transition associated with a significant change in elastic properties. However, the elastic properties of quartz at high-pressure and temperature remain poorly constrained experimentally, particularly within the field of β-quartz. Here, we conducted an experimental study on the quartz α → β transition during which P-wave velocities were measured in-situ
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Stress Balance in Synthetic Serpentinized Peridotites Deformed at Subduction Zone Pressures J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 N. Hilairet, J. Guignard, T. P. Ferrand, S. Merkel, P. Raterron, B. Ildefonse, A. Fadel, W. Crichton
Weak serpentine minerals affect the mechanical behavior of serpentinized peridotites at depth, and may play a significant role in deformation localization within subduction zones, at local or regional scale. Mixtures of olivine with 5, 10, 20 and 50 vol. % fraction of antigorite, proxies for serpentinized peridotites, were deformed in axial shortening geometry under high pressures (ca. 2–5 GPa) and
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Induced Polarization of Clayey Rocks and Soils: Non-Linear Complex Conductivity Models J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Youzheng Qi, Yuxin Wu
The past decades have witnessed the increased applications of induced polarization (IP) method in the critical zone studies with ubiquitous clay minerals. Although IP outperforms traditional electrical and electromagnetic methods through its unique ability to measure quadrature conductivity, the nonlinearity that quadrature conductivity behaves with salinities and frequencies greatly tortures IP practitioners
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Rupture Dynamics of Cascading Earthquakes in a Multiscale Fracture Network J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Kadek Hendrawan Palgunadi, Alice-Agnes Gabriel, Dmitry Igor Garagash, Thomas Ulrich, Paul Martin Mai
Fault-damage zones comprise multiscale fracture networks that may slip dynamically and interact with the main fault during earthquake rupture. Using 3D dynamic rupture simulations and scale-dependent fracture energy, we examine dynamic interactions of more than 800 intersecting multiscale fractures surrounding a listric fault, emulating a major listric fault and its damage zone. We investigate 10 distinct
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Resonances of Fluid-Filled Cracks With Complex Geometry and Application to Very Long Period (VLP) Seismic Signals at Mayotte Submarine Volcano J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Chao Liang, Junjun Peng, Jean-Paul Ampuero, Nathan Shauer, Kaoshan Dai
Fluid-filled cracks sustain a slow guided wave (Krauklis wave or crack wave) whose resonant frequencies are widely used for interpreting long period (LP) and very long period (VLP) seismic signals at active volcanoes. Significant efforts have been made to model this process using analytical developments along an infinite crack or numerical methods on simple crack geometries. In this work, we develop
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Fluid-Induced Aseismic Slip May Explain the Non-Self-Similar Source Scaling of the Induced Earthquake Sequence Near the Dallas-Fort Worth Airport, Texas J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 SeongJu Jeong, Xinyu Tan, Semechah K. Y. Lui
Numerous studies have reported the occurrence of aseismic slip or slow slip events along faults induced by fluid injection. However, the underlying physical mechanism and its impact on induced seismicity remain unclear. In this study, we develop a numerical model that incorporates fluid injection on a fault governed by rate-and-state friction to simulate the coupled processes of pore-pressure diffusion
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Kinematics of the Reykjanes Ridge: Influence of the Iceland Hotspot on Plate Boundary Evolution J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Daniel Thorhallsson, Fernando Martinez, Richard Hey, Ármann Höskuldsson
The slow spreading Reykjanes Ridge overlies the Iceland hotspot and has undergone well ordered changes in crustal segmentation. Previous studies have attributed these changes to varying mantle plume thermal effects, rendering the lithosphere ductile or brittle. Here we use seafloor spreading magnetic anomalies to show that crustal accretion has been focused throughout its spreading history and to determine
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Along-Strike Variations of Alaska Subduction Zone Structure and Hydration Determined From Amphibious Seismic Data J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Zongshan Li, Douglas A. Wiens, Weisen Shen, Donna J. Shillington
We develop a 3-D isotropic shear velocity model for the Alaska subduction zone using data from seafloor and land-based seismographs to investigate along-strike variations in structure. By applying ambient noise and teleseismic Helmholtz tomography, we derive Rayleigh wave group and phase velocity dispersion maps, then invert them for shear velocity structure using a Bayesian Monte Carlo algorithm.
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Modeled Flooding by Tsunamis and a Storm Versus Observed Extent of Coral Erratics on Anegada, British Virgin Islands—Further Evidence for a Great Caribbean Earthquake Six Centuries Ago J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Yong Wei, Uri S. ten Brink, Brian F. Atwater
Models of near-field tsunamis and an extreme hurricane provide further evidence for a great precolonial earthquake along the Puerto Rico Trench. The models are benchmarked to brain-coral boulders and cobbles on Anegada, 125 km south of the trench. The models are screened by their success in flooding the mapped sites of these erratics, which were emplaced some six centuries ago. Among 25 tsunami scenarios
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Broadband Love Wave Phase Velocity Maps Based on Modified Double-Beamforming of Ambient Noise Cross-Correlations J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Kaifeng Zhao, Yingjie Yang, Yinhe Luo
Ambient noise tomography has become a popular method in the past two decades to image the crust and uppermost mantle structure. To date, broadband Rayleigh wave signals can be obtained from ambient noise, which can be utilized to study the earth's interior structure from the surface down to ∼200–300 km depths. However, it is hard to extract intermediate- and long-period (>50 s) Love wave signals from
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Upper-Mantle Anisotropy in the Southeastern Margin of Tibetan Plateau Revealed by Fullwave SKS Splitting Intensity Tomography J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Yi Lin, Li Zhao
The southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau has undergone complex deformation since the Cenozoic, resulting in a high level of seismicity and seismic hazard. Knowledge about the seismic anisotropy provides important insight about the deformation mechanism and the regional seismotectonics beneath this tectonically active region. In this study, we conduct fullwave multi-scale tomography to investigate
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Hematite Frictional Behavior and He Loss From Comminution During Deformation Experiments at Slow Slip Rates J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 A. A. DiMonte, A. K. Ault, G. Hirth, C. D. Meyers
Deformation experiments on hematite characterize its slip-rate dependent frictional properties and deformation mechanisms. These data inform interpretations of slip behavior from exhumed hematite-coated faults and present-day deformation at depth. We used a rotary-shear apparatus to conduct single-velocity and velocity-step experiments on polycrystalline specular hematite rock (∼17 μm average plate
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Uppermost Mantle Pn Velocity and Anisotropy Structures Beneath the Sakhalin–Kuril–Kamchatka Region J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Yan Lü, Yuhui He, Juan Li, Shunping Pei, Qi-Fu Chen, Qingju Wu
In this study, we used the Pn tomography method to obtain detailed velocity and anisotropy structures of the uppermost mantle beneath Sakhalin–Kuril–Kamchatka region for improving the understanding of plate subduction, arc–arc collision, and volcanism. We found low Pn velocities beneath volcanoes and areas characterized by pronounced tectonic activity and high Pn velocities with strong anisotropy in
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Long- and Short-Term Effects of Seismic Waves and Coseismic Pressure Changes on Fractured Aquifers J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Yan Zhang, Michael Manga, Li-Yun Fu, Huai Zhang, Tianming Huang, Qiuye Yang, Zhen-Dong Cui, Shengwen Qi, Yuan Huang
Two adjacent groundwater wells on the North China Platform are used to study how earthquakes impacted aquifers. We use the response of water level to solid Earth tides to document changes after earthquakes and how aquifer and fracture properties recovered to pre-earthquake properties. We consider two models for the phase and amplitude of water level response to the lunar diurnal (O1) and semidiurnal
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Ambient Noise Interferometry Using Ocean Bottom Seismometer Data From Active Source Experiments Conducted in the Southernmost Mariana Trench J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Yayun Zhang, Min Xu, Zhuo Xiao, Yong Zhou, Chuanhai Yu, Jian Lin, Hongfeng Yang, Xuelin Qiu
Ocean bottom seismometers (OBSs) have been used to detect submarine structural and tectonic information for decades. According to signal source controllability, OBS data have generally been classified into active and passive source data categories. The former mainly focuses on the compressional wave (P-wave) velocity inversion and always lacks valid information about the shear wave (S-wave) velocity
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Type-B Crystallographic Preferred Orientation in Olivine Induced by Dynamic Dehydration of Antigorite in Forearc Regions J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Wenlong Liu, Yi Cao, Jianfeng Li, Maoshuang Song, Haijun Xu, Yongfeng Wang, Xiang Wu, Junfeng Zhang, David L. Kohlstedt
The crystallographic preferred orientation (CPO) of olivine, specifically the type-B characterized by c-axes aligned parallel to lineation and b-axes concentrated perpendicular to foliation, is essential for explaining the trench-parallel seismic anisotropy in the forearc regions of subduction zones. However, its origin remains a subject of ambiguity and controversy. In this study, we present experimental
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Structure and Tectonic Evolution of the NW Sulu Sea Basin (SE Asia) J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Patricia Cadenas, César R. Ranero
We discuss the tectonic structure, seismic stratigraphy and evolution of the NW Sulu Sea using reprocessed 2D reflection profiles. The NW Sulu Sea is located between the Palawan continental shelf and the Cagayan Ridge and represents the northern part of the Sulu Sea, a marginal sea resulting from Paleogene extension and subsequent Neogene contraction due to convergence between the Palawan and the Philippine
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Thermal Stability of F-Rich Phlogopite and K-Richterite During Partial Melting of Metasomatized Mantle Peridotite With Implications for Deep Earth Volatile Cycles J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 E. S. Steenstra, M. Klaver, J. Berndt, S. Flemetakis, A. Rohrbach, S. Klemme
Phlogopite and K-richterite constitute important carrier phases for H and F in Earth's lithosphere and mantle. The relative importance depends on their stabilities at high pressure and temperature, which in turn depends on bulk composition. Most previous experimental studies focused on the thermal stability of phlogopite and K-richterite were conducted using simplified chemical compositions. Here,
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High-Temperature Deformation of Enstatite-Olivine Aggregates J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 M. Bystricky, J. Lawlis, S. Mackwell, F. Heidelbach
Synthesized polycrystalline samples composed of enstatite and olivine with different volumetric ratios were deformed in compression under anhydrous conditions in a Paterson gas-medium apparatus at 1150–1300°C, an oxygen fugacity buffered at Ni/NiO, and confining pressures of 300 or 450 MPa (protoenstatite or orthoenstatite fields). Mechanical data suggest a transition from diffusion to dislocation
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Low δ18O and δ30Si TTG at ca. 2.3 Ga Hints at an Intraplate Rifting Onset of the Paleoproterozoic Supercontinent Cycle J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Yanyan Zhou, Mingguo Zhai, Ross N. Mitchell, Peter A. Cawood, Guangyu Huang, Christopher J. Spencer, Mimi Chen, Yibing Li, Taiping Zhao, Tengfei Wu
The start of the Paleoproterozoic supercontinent cycle is typically taken as the initiation of orogenesis at ca. 2.1 Ga leading to the assembly of Earth's first supercontinent, Columbia. However, the dearth of ca. 2.5–2.2 Ga geological records makes it difficult to deduce tectonic factors during the onset of the Paleoproterozoic supercontinent cycle. The petrogenesis of tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite
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Sensitivity of GNSS-Derived Estimates of Terrestrial Water Storage to Assumed Earth Structure J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Matthew J. Swarr, Hilary R. Martens, Yuning Fu
Geodetic methods can monitor changes in terrestrial water storage (TWS) across large regions in near real-time. Here, we investigate the effect of assumed Earth structure on TWS estimates derived from Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) displacement time series. Through a series of synthetic tests, we systematically explore how the spatial wavelength of water load affects the error of TWS estimates
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A New Negative Carbon Isotope Interval Caused by Manganese Redox Cycling After the Shuram Excursion J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Bin Zhang, Jian Cao, Kai Hu, Zhiwei Liao, Ruijie Zhang, Yi Zhang, Chunhua Shi, Kurt O. Konhauser
Several negative C isotope excursions (CIEs) occurred at the end of the Neoproterozoic era which have been generally attributed to the oxidation of organic carbon using sulfate as the terminal electron acceptor and the subsequent release of 13C-depleted dissolved inorganic C (DIC). Based on new analyses from the Doushantuo Formation in South China, we observe a negative C isotope excursion right after
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Intermittent Criticality Multi-Scale Processes Leading to Large Slip Events on Rough Laboratory Faults J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Grzegorz Kwiatek, Patricia Martínez-Garzón, Thomas Goebel, Marco Bohnhoff, Yehuda Ben-Zion, Georg Dresen
We discuss data of three laboratory stick-slip experiments on Westerly Granite samples performed at elevated confining pressure and constant displacement rate on rough fracture surfaces. The experiments produced complex slip patterns including fast and slow ruptures with large and small fault slips, as well as failure events on the fault surface producing acoustic emission bursts without externally-detectable
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Robust Imaging of Fault Slip Rates in the Walker Lane and Western Great Basin From GPS Data Using a Multi-Block Model Approach J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 William C. Hammond, Corné Kreemer, Geoffrey Blewitt
The Walker Lane (WL) in the western Great Basin (GB) is an active plate boundary system accommodating 10%–20% of the relative tectonic motion between the Pacific and North American plates. Its neotectonic framework is structurally complex, having hundreds of faults with various strikes, rakes, and crustal blocks with vertical axis rotation. Faults slip rates are key parameters needed to quantify seismic
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Inverting Geodetic Strain Rates for Slip Deficit Rate in Complex Deforming Zones: An Application to the New Zealand Plate Boundary J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Kaj M. Johnson, Laura M. Wallace, Jeremy Maurer, Ian Hamling, Charles Williams, Chris Rollins, Matt Gerstenberger, Russ Van Dissen
The potential for future earthquakes on faults is often inferred from inversions of geodetically derived surface velocities for locking on faults using kinematic models such as block models. This can be challenging in complex deforming zones with many closely spaced faults or where deformation is not readily described with block motions. Furthermore, surface strain rates are more directly related to
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Numerical Simulation of the Self-Organizational Origin of Concentrically Zoned Aggregates of Siderite and Pyrite in Sediment-Hosted Massive Sulfide Deposits J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Wenhong Johnson Qiu, Mei-Fu Zhou, Anthony E. Williams-Jones
Concentrically zoned pyrite aggregates (CZPA) are common in sediment-hosted massive sulfide (SHMS) deposits and have been widely used to interpret the ore-forming processes. There is considerable uncertainty, however, over the formation of aggregates that are oscillatorily zoned and contain randomly-orientated pyrite microcrystals. Guided by the results of examination of the micro-textures of CZPA
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Rift Propagation Interacting With Pre-Existing Microcontinental Blocks J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Jiarong Qing, Jie Liao, Sascha Brune
Rift propagation is a 3D thermo-mechanical process that often precedes continental breakup. Pre-existing microcontinental blocks and the associated lithospheric strength heterogeneities influence the style of rift propagation. Interestingly, some rifts propagate into pre-existing blocks and eventually cut through them (e.g., the Zhongsha Block and the Reed Bank), while others bypass these microcontinental
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A Continental Model of Curie Point Depth for China and Surroundings Based on Equivalent Source Method J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Yu Lei, Liguo Jiao, Qinghua Huang, Jiyao Tu
The Curie Point Depth (CPD) marks a significant temperature boundary (∼580°C) within the Earth's lithosphere. However, there has been ongoing debate regarding its spatial distribution. In this research, we utilized the Equivalent Source Method (ESM) based on Gauss-Legendre integration and data obtained from the EMM2017 model, along with a five-layer susceptibility model, to generate a 0.5° × 0.5° grid
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Thermal Stressing of Volcanic Rock: Microcracking and Crack Closure Monitored Through Acoustic Emission, Ultrasonic Velocity, and Thermal Expansion J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 L. Griffiths, M. J. Heap, O. Lengliné, P. Baud, J. Schmittbuhl, H. A. Gilg
Microcracking due to thermal stresses affects the mechanical and flow properties of rocks, which is significant for thermally dynamic environments such as volcanoes and geothermal reservoirs. Compared with other crustal rocks like granite, volcanic rocks have a complex and variable response to temperature; it remains unclear how thermal microcracks form and how they are affected by temperature. We
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Pseudo-Prospective Forecasting of Induced and Natural Seismicity in the Hengill Geothermal Field J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 V. A. Ritz, L. Mizrahi, V. Clasen Repollés, A. P. Rinaldi, V. Hjörleifsdóttir, S. Wiemer
The Hengill geothermal field, located in southwest Iceland, is host to the Hellisheiði power plant, with its 40+ production wells and 17 reinjection wells. Located in a tectonically active area, the field experiences both natural and induced seismicity linked to the power plant operations. To better manage the risk posed by this seismicity, the development of robust and informative forecasting models