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Seismic wave modeling of fluid-saturated fractured porous rock: including fluid pressure diffusion effects of discretely distributed large-scale fractures Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-22 Yingkai Qi, Xuehua Chen, Qingwei Zhao, Xin Luo, Chunqiang Feng
Abstract. The scattered seismic waves of fractured porous rock are strongly affected by the wave-induced fluid pressure diffusion effects between the compliant fractures and the stiffer embedding background. To include these poroelastic effects in seismic modeling, we develop a numerical scheme for discretely distributed large-scale fractures embedded in fluid-saturated porous rock. Using Coates and
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Localized shear versus distributed strain accumulation as shear-accommodation mechanisms in ductile shear zones: Constraining their dictating factors Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-22 Pramit Chatterjee, Arnab Roy, Nibir Mandal
Abstract. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of strain localization in Earth’s lithosphere is crucial to explain the mechanics of tectonic plate boundaries and various failure-assisted geophysical phenomena, such as earthquakes. Geological observations suggest that ductile shear zones are the most important lithospheric structures of intense shear localization, sharing a major part of tectonic
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The effect of stiffness contrasts at faults on stress orientation Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Moritz O. Ziegler, Robin Seithel, Thomas Niederhuber, Oliver Heidbach, Thomas Kohl, Birgit Müller, Mojtaba Rajabi, Karsten Reiter, Luisa Röckel
Abstract. Even though the crustal stress state is primarily driven by gravitational volume forces and plate tectonics, interpretations of borehole breakout observations show occasionally abrupt rotations of horizontal stress orientation of up to 90° when faults are crossed. This indicates the influence of faults on the local stress state, which parameter control the degree of rotation. Herein, we investigate
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Using internal standards in time-resolved X-ray micro-computed tomography to quantify grain-scale developments in solid-state mineral reactions Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-09 Roberto Emanuele Rizzo, Damien Freitas, James Gilgannon, Sohan Seth, Ian B. Butler, Gina Elizabeth McGill, Florian Fusseis
Abstract. X-ray computed tomography has established itself as a crucial tool in the analysis of rock materials, providing the ability to visualise intricate 3D microstructures and capture quantitative information about internal phenomena such as structural damage, mineral reactions, and fluid–rock interactions. The efficacy of this tool, however, depends significantly on the precision of image segmentation
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Statistical appraisal of geothermal heat flow observations in the Arctic Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-09 Judith Freienstein, Wolfgang Szwillus, Agnes Wansing, Jörg Ebbing
Abstract. Geothermal heat flow is an important boundary condition for ice sheets, affecting, for example, basal melt rates, but for ice-covered regions, we only have sparse heat flow observations with partly high uncertainty of up to 30 m W m−2. In this study, we first investigate the agreement between such pointwise heat flow observations and solid Earth models, applying a 1D steady-state approach
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Extensional fault geometry and evolution within rifted margin hyper-extended continental crust leading to mantle exhumation and allochthon formation Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-05 Júlia Gómez-Romeu, Nick Kusznir
Abstract. Seismic reflection interpretation at magma-poor rifted margins shows that crustal thinning within the hyper-extended domain occurs by in-sequence oceanward extensional faulting which terminates in a sub-horizontal reflector in the topmost mantle immediately beneath tilted crustal fault blocks. This sub-horizontal reflector is interpreted to be a detachment surface that develops sequentially
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Post-hercynian ultra-high temperature tectono-metamorphic evolution of the Middle Atlas lower crust (Central Morocco) revealed by metapelitic granulites xenoliths Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Abdelkader El Maz, Alain Vauchez, Jean-Marie Dautria
Abstract. The study of metapelitic sillimanite- and garnet-bearing granulite xenoliths brought to the surface by the basanite of the 650 ka Tafraoute maar shed new light on the lower crust of the Tabular Middle Atlas (Morocco). Two main types of granulites are distinguished: (1) layered quartzo-feldspathic and (2) unlayered restitic. Mineralogy, petrology, P-T estimates and EBSD data support that these
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Lahar events in the last 2000 years from Vesuvius eruptions – Part 1: Distribution and impact on densely inhabited territory estimated from field data analysis Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Mauro Antonio Di Vito, Ilaria Rucco, Sandro de Vita, Domenico Maria Doronzo, Marina Bisson, Mattia de' Michieli Vitturi, Mauro Rosi, Laura Sandri, Giovanni Zanchetta, Elena Zanella, Antonio Costa
Abstract. Lahars represent some of the most dangerous phenomena in volcanic areas for their destructive power, causing dramatic changes in the landscape with no premonitory signs and impacting the population and infrastructure. In this regard, the Campanian Plain turns out to be very prone to the development of these phenomena, since the slopes of the Somma–Vesuvius and Campi Flegrei volcanoes, along
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Fast uplift in the southern Patagonian Andes due to long- and short-term deglaciation and the asthenospheric window underneath Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Veleda A. P. Muller, Pietro Sternai, Christian Sue
Abstract. An asthenospheric window underneath much of the South American continent increases the heat flow in the southern Patagonian Andes where glacial–interglacial cycles drive the building and melting of the Patagonian Icefields since the latest Miocene. The Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) was reached ∼26 000 yr BP (years before present). Significant deglaciation onsets between 21 000 and 17 000 yr BP
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Lahar events in the last 2000 years from Vesuvius eruptions – Part 2: Formulation and validation of a computational model based on a shallow layer approach Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Mattia de' Michieli Vitturi, Antonio Costa, Mauro A. Di Vito, Laura Sandri, Domenico M. Doronzo
Abstract. In this paper we present a new model for the simulation of lahars based on the depth-averaged code IMEX-SfloW2D with new governing and constitutive equations introduced to better describe the dynamics of lahars. A thorough sensitivity analysis is carried out to identify the critical processes (such as erosion and deposition) and parameters (both numerical and physical) controlling lahar runout
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Lahar events in the last 2000 years from Vesuvius eruptions – Part 3: Hazard assessment over the Campanian Plain Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Laura Sandri, Mattia de' Michieli Vitturi, Antonio Costa, Mauro Antonio Di Vito, Ilaria Rucco, Domenico Maria Doronzo, Marina Bisson, Roberto Gianardi, Sandro de Vita, Roberto Sulpizio
Abstract. In this study we present a novel general methodology for probabilistic volcanic hazard assessment (PVHA) for lahars. We apply the methodology to perform a probabilistic assessment in the Campanian Plain (southern Italy), focusing on syn-eruptive lahars from a reference size eruption from Somma–Vesuvius. We take advantage of new field data relative to volcaniclastic flow deposits in the target
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The influence of vertical lithological contrasts on strike-slip fault behavior: Insights from analogue models Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Sandra González-Muñoz, Guido Schreurs, Timothy Schmid, Fidel Martín-González
Abstract. This work investigates the influence of rheological contrasts on the nucleation and behavior of strike-slip faults. To achieve this, we have carried out a series of brittle-viscous strike-slip shear analogue models, using quartz sand and microbeads as granular materials with different internal friction and cohesion values. Particle Imaging Velocimetry (PIV) was applied to time-series of surface
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3D Geo-Modeling Framework for Multisource Heterogeneous Data Fusion Based on Multimodal Deep Learning and Multipoint Statistics: A case study in South China Sea Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Hengguang Liu, Shaohong Xia, Chaoyan Fan, Changrong Zhang
Abstract. Relying on geological data to construct 3D models can provide a more intuitive and easily comprehensible spatial perspective. This process aids in exploring underground spatial structures and geological evolutionary processes, providing essential data and assistance for the exploration of geological resources, energy development, engineering decision-making, and various other applications
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Evolution of fluid redox in a fault zone of the Pic de Port-Vieux thrust in the Pyrenees Axial Zone (Spain) Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Delphine Charpentier, Gaétan Milesi, Pierre Labaume, Ahmed Abd Elmola, Martine Buatier, Pierre Lanari, Manuel Muñoz
Abstract. In mountain ranges, crustal-scale faults localize multiple episodes of deformation. It is therefore common to observe current or past geothermal systems along these structures. Understanding the fluid circulation channelized in fault zones is essential to characterize the thermo-chemical evolution of associated hydrothermal systems. We present a study of a paleo-system of the Pic de Port-Vieux
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Comparison of surface-wave techniques to estimate S- and P-wave velocity models from active seismic data Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Farbod Khosro Anjom, Frank Adler, Laura Valentina Socco
Abstract. The acquisition of seismic exploration data in remote locations presents several logistical and economic criticalities. The irregular distribution of sources and/or receivers facilitates seismic acquisition operations in these areas. A convenient approach is to deploy nodal receivers on a regular grid and to use sources only in accessible locations, creating an irregular source–receiver layout
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Investigating rough single-fracture permeabilities with persistent homology Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Marco Fuchs, Anna Suzuki, Togo Hasumi, Philipp Blum
Abstract. The permeability of rock fractures is a crucial parameter for flow processes in the subsurface. In the last few decades, different methods were developed to investigate on permeability in fractures, such as flow-through experiments, numerical flow simulations, or empirical equations. In recent years, the topological method of persistent homology was also used to estimate the permeability
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Fluid-rock interaction in the intraplate active seismic zone: Boon or bane? Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Piyal Halder, Matsyendra Kumar Shukla, Kamlesh Kumar, Anupam Sharma
Abstract. The Koyna-Warna Seismogenic Region of western India has been recognized as one of the hotspots for reservoir-triggered seismicity (RTS) since 1967. The current study investigates the fluid's interaction with the severely fractured granitoid basement of this area and its potential contribution to the recurring seismicity. The presence of several secondary minerals, such as chlorite, epidote
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Extensional exhumation of cratons: insights from the Early Cretaceous Rio Negro–Juruena belt (Amazonian Craton, Colombia) Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Ana Fonseca, Simon Nachtergaele, Amed Bonilla, Stijn Dewaele, Johan De Grave
Abstract. This study presents results from apatite fission track (AFT) thermochronology to investigate the thermal history and exhumation dynamics of the Rio Negro–Juruena basement, situated within the western Guiana Shield of the Amazonian Craton. AFT dating and associated thermal history modeling in South America has largely been restricted to the plate's margins (e.g., Andean active margin, Brazilian
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Strike-slip faulting in extending upper plates: insight from the Aegean Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Agathe Faucher, Frédéric Gueydan, Jeroen van Hunen
Abstract. During gravitational collapse of orogenic systems or in hot extending back-arc systems, normal faulting is often associated with strike slip faulting whose origin remains enigmatic. The formation of major strike slip fault zones during subduction upper plate extension driven by slab-roll back can be related to slab tearing at depth. In the Aegean, where back-arc extension driven by southwest-ward
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Selection and Characterisation of the Target Fault for Fluid-Induced Activation and Earthquake Rupture Experiments Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Peter Achtziger-Zupančič, Alberto Ceccato, Alba Simona Zappone, Giacomo Pozzi, Alexis Shakas, Florian Amann, Whitney Maria Behr, Daniel Escallon Botero, Domenico Giardini, Marian Hertrich, Mohammadreza Jalali, Xiaodong Ma, Men-Andrin Meier, Julian Osten, Stefan Wiemer, Massimo Cocco
Abstract. Performing stimulation experiments at approximately 1 km depth in the Bedretto Underground Laboratory for Geosciences and Geoenergies necessitates identifying and characterizing the target fault zone for on-fault monitoring of induced fault-slip and seismicity, a current challenge in understanding seismogenic processes. We discuss the multidisciplinary approach for selecting the target fault
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Rare earth element resources on Fuerteventura, Canary Islands, Spain: a geochemical and mineralogical approach Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Marc Campeny, Inmaculada Menéndez, Luis Quevedo, Jorge Yepes, Ramón Casillas, Agustina Ahijado, Jorge Méndez-Ramos, José Mangas
Abstract. Rare earth elements (REEs) play a pivotal role in the ongoing energy and mobility transition challenges. Given their critical importance, governments worldwide and especially from the European Union, are actively promoting the exploration of REE resources. In this context, alkaline magmatic rocks (including trachytes, phonolites, syenites, melteigites and ijolites), carbonatites and their
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Earthquakes triggered by the subsurface undrained response to reservoir-impoundment at Irapé, Brazil Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Haris Raza, George Sand França, Eveline Sayão, Victor Vilarrasa
Abstract. The necessity to reduce carbon emissions to mitigate climate change is accelerating the transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources. Specifically, hydropower, in particular, has emerged as a prominent and safe renewable energy source but entails reservoir-triggered seismicity (RTS). This phenomenon causes significant challenges for safe reservoir management. Irapé, in Brazil
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Increased metamorphic conditions in the lower crust during oceanic transform fault evolution Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Peter Haas, Myron F. H. Thomas, Christian Heine, Jörg Ebbing, Andrey Seregin, Jimmy van Itterbeeck
Abstract. Oceanic transform faults connect the segments of active spreading ridges that slide past each other. In a classical view, transform faults are considered as conservative, where no material is added or destroyed. Recent studies, however, suggest that the crust in the transform fault region is deformed during different episodes. We combine high resolution 3D broadband seismic data with shipborne
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Combining crosshole and reflection borehole-GPR for imaging controlled freezing in shallow aquifers Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Peter Jung, Götz Hornbruch, Andreas Dahmke, Peter Dietrich, Ulrike Werban
Abstract. During test operation of a geological latent heat storage system as a potential option in the context of heat supply for heating and cooling demands a part of a shallow quaternary glacial aquifer at the “TestUM” test site is frozen. To evaluate the current thermal state in the subsurface the dimension of the frozen volume has to be known. With the target being too deep for high resolution
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Impact of faults on the remote stress state Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Karsten Reiter, Oliver Heidbach, Moritz O. Ziegler
Abstract. The impact of faults on the contemporary stress field in the upper crust has been discussed in various studies. Data and models clearly show that there is an effect, but so far, a systematic study quantifying the impact as a function of distance from the fault is lacking. In the absence of data, here we use a series of generic 3-D models to investigate which component of the stress tensor
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Highlights on mantle deformation beneath the Western Alps with seismic anisotropy using CIFALPS2 data Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Silvia Pondrelli, Simone Salimbeni, Judith M. Confal, Marco Malusà, Anne Paul, Stephane Guillot, Stefano Solarino, Elena Eva, Coralie Aubert, Liang Zhao
Abstract. There are still open questions about the deep structure beneath the Western Alps. Seismic velocity tomographies show the European slab subducting beneath the Adria plate, but all these images did not clarify completely about the possible presence of tears, slab windows or detachments. Seismic anisotropy, addressed as an indicator of mantle deformation and studied using data recorded by dense
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Thermal structure of the southern Caribbean and northwestern South America: implications for seismogenesis Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Ángela María Gómez-García, Álvaro González, Mauro Cacace, Magdalena Scheck-Wenderoth, Gaspar Monsalve
Abstract. The seismogenesis of rocks is mainly affected by their mineral composition and in situ conditions (temperature and state of stress). Diverse laboratory experiments have explored the frictional behaviour of the rocks and rock-forming minerals most common in the crust and uppermost mantle. However, it is debated how to “upscale” these results to the lithosphere. In particular, most earthquakes
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Naturally fractured reservoir characterization in heterogeneous sandstones: insight for Uranium In Situ Recovery (Imouraren, Niger) Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Maxime Jamet, Gregory Ballas, Roger Soliva, Olivier Gerbeaud, Thierry Lefebvre, Christine Leredde, Didier Loggia
Abstract. This study delves into the characterization of a complex reservoir, the Tchirezrine II sandstone unit in North Niger, crucial for potential Uranium In Situ Recovery (ISR) in a naturally fractured and faulted context. Employing a multifaceted approach, including well log data, optical borehole imagery, and hydrogeological tests, alongside satellite-based lineament analysis, this study provides
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Linked and fully coupled 3D earthquake dynamic rupture and tsunami modeling for the Húsavík–Flatey Fault Zone in North Iceland Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Fabian Kutschera, Alice-Agnes Gabriel, Sara Aniko Wirp, Bo Li, Thomas Ulrich, Claudia Abril, Benedikt Halldórsson
Abstract. Tsunamigenic earthquakes pose considerable risks, both economically and socially, yet earthquake and tsunami hazard assessments are typically conducted separately. Earthquakes associated with unexpected tsunamis, such as the 2018 Mw 7.5 strike-slip Sulawesi earthquake, emphasize the need to study the tsunami potential of active submarine faults in different tectonic settings. Here, we investigate
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ECOMAN: an open-source package for geodynamic and seismological modeling of mechanical anisotropy Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-12 Manuele Faccenda, Brandon Paul VanderBeek, Albert de Montserrat, Jianfeng Yang, Neil Ribe
Abstract. Mechanical anisotropy related to rock fabrics is a proxy for constraining the Earth’s deformation patterns. However, the forward and inverse modelling of mechanical anisotropy in 3D large-scale domains has been traditionally hampered by the intensive computational cost and the lack of a dedicated, open-source computational framework. Here we introduce ECOMAN, a software package for modelling
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Global seismic energy scaling relationships based on the type of faulting Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-12 Quetzalcoatl Rodríguez-Pérez, F. Ramón Zúñiga
Abstract. We derived scaling relationships for different seismic energy metrics for earthquakes around the globe with MW > 6.0 from 1990 to 2022. The seismic energy estimations were derived with two methodologies, the first based on the velocity flux integration and the second based on finite-fault models. In the first case, we analyzed 3331 reported seismic energies derived by integrating far-field
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Earthquake monitoring using deep learning with a case study of the Kahramanmaras Turkey earthquake aftershock sequence Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-09 Wei Li, Megha Chakraborty, Jonas Köhler, Claudia Quinteros-Cartaya, Georg Rümpker, Nishtha Srivastava
Abstract. Seismic phase picking and magnitude estimation are fundamental aspects of earthquake monitoring and seismic event analysis. Accurate phase picking allows for precise characterization of seismic wave arrivals, contributing to a better understanding of earthquake events. Likewise, accurate magnitude estimation provides crucial information about an earthquake's size and potential impact. Together
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Hydrogen solubility of stishovite provides insights into water transportation to the deep Earth Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-09 Mengdan Chen, Changxin Yin, Danling Chen, Long Tian, Liang Liu, Lei Kang
Abstract. Water dissolved in nominally anhydrous minerals (NAMs) can be transported to deep regions of the Earth through subducting slabs, thereby significantly influencing the physicochemical properties of deep-Earth materials and impacting dynamic processes in the deep Earth. Stishovite, a prominent mineral present in subducting slabs, remains stable at mantle pressures of 9–50 GPa and can incorporate
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Contribution of carbonatite and recycled oceanic crust to petit-spot lavas on the western Pacific Plate Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Kazuto Mikuni, Naoto Hirano, Shiki Machida, Hirochika Sumino, Norikatsu Akizawa, Akihiro Tamura, Tomoaki Morishita, Yasuhiro Kato
Abstract. Petit-spot volcanoes, occurring due to plate flexure, have been reported globally. As the petit-spot melts ascend from the asthenosphere, they provide crucial information of the lithosphere–asthenosphere boundary. Herein, we examined the lava outcrops of six monogenetic volcanoes formed by petit-spot volcanism in the western Pacific. We then analyzed the 40Ar/39Ar ages, major and trace element
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Subduction plate interface shear stress associated with rapid subduction at deep slow earthquake depths: example from the Sanbagawa belt, southwestern Japan Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-07 Yukinojo Koyama, Simon R. Wallis, Takayoshi Nagaya
Abstract. Maximum shear stress along an active deformation zone marking the subduction plate interface is important for understanding earthquake phenomena and is an important input parameter in subduction zone thermomechanical modeling. However, such maximum shear stress is difficult to measure directly at depths more than a few kilometers and is generally estimated by simulation using a range of input
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Modelling transient thermal processes in the lithosphere: application to the NW Pannonian basin Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Eszter Békési, Jan-Diederik van Wees, Kristóf Porkoláb, Mátyás Hencz, Márta Berkesi
Abstract. The reconstruction of thermal evolution in sedimentary basins is a key input for constraining geodynamic processes and geo-energy resource potential. We present a methodology to reproduce the most important transient thermal footprints accompanying basin formation: lithosphere extension and sedimentation. The forward model is extended with data assimilation to constrain models with temperature
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Multiple phase rifting and subsequent inversion in the West Netherlands Basin: implications for geothermal reservoir characterization Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Annelotte Weert, Kei Ogata, Francesco Vinci, Coen Leo, Giovanni Bertotti, Jerome Amory, Stefano Tavani
Abstract. Aiming to contribute to the energy transition, this study provides an integrated picture of the geothermal system hosted in the West Netherlands Basin and shows how the reconstruction of the basin's geological history can contribute to the correct exploration and exploitation of its geothermal resources. In the West Netherlands Basin, the main geothermal targets are found in the Cretaceous
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Fold localization at pre-existing normal faults: field observations and analogue modelling of the Achental structure, Northern Calcareous Alps, Austria Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-02 Willemijn Sarah Maria Theresia van Kooten, Hugo Ortner, Ernst Willingshofer, Dimitrios Sokoutis, Alfred Gruber, Thomas Sausgruber
Abstract. Within the Northern Calcareous Alps (NCA) fold-and-thrust belt of the Eastern Alps, multiple pre-shortening deformation phases have contributed to the structural grain that controlled localization of deformation at later stages. In particular, Jurassic rifting and opening of the Alpine Tethys led to the formation of extensional basins at the northern margin of the Apulian plate. Subsequent
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Integration of automatic implicit geological modelling in deterministic geophysical inversion Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-02 Jérémie Giraud, Guillaume Caumon, Lachlan Grose, Vitaliy Ogarko, Paul Cupillard
Abstract. We propose and evaluate methods for the integration of automatic implicit geological modelling into the geophysical (potential field) inversion process. The objective is to enforce structural geological realism and to consider geological observations in a level set inversion, which inverts for the location of the boundaries between rock units. We propose two approaches. In the first approach
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Climate Affects Global Basin-Related Metallogeny Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Chuang Zhang
Abstract. The basin-related hydrothermal mineral deposits are the products of metal deposition in a relatively small area from metal-rich saline brines that source from basins. Recent studies have confirmed that the metal-rich ore-forming fluids were formed in semi-arid to arid environments, and are the products of a complex system involving precipitation, weathering, groundwater, precipitation-dissolution
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Networks of geometrically coherent faults accommodate Alpine tectonic inversion offshore southwestern Iberia Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Tiago M. Alves
Abstract. The structural styles and magnitudes of Alpine tectonic inversion are reviewed for the Atlantic margin of southwestern (SW) Iberia, a region known for its historical earthquakes, tsunamis and associated geohazards. Reprocessed, high-quality 2D seismic data provide new images of tectonic faults, which were mapped to a depth exceeding 10 km for the first time. A total of 26 of these faults
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Basic chemical compositions combination rules and quantitative criterion of red beds Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Guangjun Cui, Jin Liao, Linghua Kong, Cuiying Zhou, Zhen Liu, Lei Yu, Lihai Zhang
Abstract. Red beds belong to slippery formations, and their rapid identification is of great significance for major scientific and engineering issues such as geological hazard risk assessment and rapid response. Existing research often identifies red beds from a qualitative or semi quantitative perspective, resulting in slow recognition speed and inaccurate recognition results, making it difficult
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Miocene evolution of the NW Zagros foreland basin reflects SE-ward propagating tear of the Neotethys slab Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-24 Renas Koshnaw, Jonas Kley, Fritz Schlunegger
Abstract. Tectonic processes resulting from solid Earth dynamics control uplift and generate sediment accommodation space via subsidence. Unraveling the mechanism of basin subsidence elucidates the link between deep Earth and Surface processes. The NW Zagros fold-thrust belt results from the Cenozoic convergence and subsequent collision between the Arabian and Eurasian plates. The associated Neogene
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Interseismic and long-term deformation of southeastern Sicily driven by the Ionian slab roll-back Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-19 Amélie Viger, Stéphane Dominguez, Stéphane Mazzotti, Michel Peyret, Maxime Henriquet, Giovanni Barreca, Carmelo Monaco, Adrien Damon
Abstract. New satellite geodetic data challenge our knowledge of the deformation mechanisms driving the active deformations affecting Southeastern Sicily. The PS-InSAR measurements evidence a generalized subsidence and an eastward tilting of the Hyblean Plateau combined with a local relative uplift along its eastern coast. In order to find a mechanical explanation for the present-day strain field,
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Modeling liquid transport in the Earth's mantle as two-phase flow: effect of an enforced positive porosity on liquid flow and mass conservation Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-17 Changyeol Lee, Nestor G. Cerpa, Dongwoo Han, Ikuko Wada
Abstract. Fluid and melt transport in the solid mantle can be modeled as a two-phase flow in which the liquid flow is resisted by the compaction of the viscously deforming solid mantle. Given the wide impact of liquid transport on the geodynamical and geochemical evolution of the Earth, the so-called “compaction equations” are increasingly being incorporated into geodynamical modeling studies. When
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Mapping geochemical anomalies by accounting for the uncertainty of mineralization-related elemental associations Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-10 Jian Wang, Renguang Zuo, Qinghai Liu
Abstract. Geochemical mapping is a fundamental tool for elucidating the distribution and behaviour of economically significant elements, and providing valuable insights for geological processes. Nevertheless, the quantification of uncertainty associated with geochemical mapping has recently become a subject of widespread concern. This study presents a procedure, primarily involving the determination
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Thrusts control the thermal maturity of accreted sediments Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-08 Utsav Mannu, David Fernández-Blanco, Ayumu Miyakawa, Taras Gerya, Masataka Kinoshita
Abstract. Thermal maturity assessments of hydrocarbon-generation potential and thermal history rarely consider how upper-plate structures developing during subduction influence the trajectories of accreted sediments. Our thermomechanical models of subduction support that thrusts evolving under variable sedimentation rates and décollement strengths fundamentally influence the trajectory, temperature
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Magnesium isotope fractionation processes during seafloor serpentinization and implications for serpentinite subduction Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-08 Sune G. Nielsen, Frieder Klein, Horst R. Marschall, Phillip A. E. Pogge von Strandmann, Maureen Auro
Abstract. Studies of magnesium (Mg) isotope ratios in subduction zone lavas have revealed small, but significant offsets from the mantle value with enrichments in the heavy isotopes. However, the very high concentration of Mg in the mantle contrasts with much lower concentrations in the subducted igneous crust and oceanic sediments, making these subduction components unlikely vehicles of the Mg isotope
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Frequency-Dependent Shear Wave Attenuation along the Central Anatolia Region, Türkiye Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-01-02 Gizem Izgi, Tuna Eken, Peter Gaebler, Tülay Eken-Kaya, Tuncay Taymaz
Abstract. The Central Anatolian Plateau with its volcanic provinces represents a broad transition zone between the compressional deformation in the east and the extensional regime in the west. The Central Anatolian Fault Zone separates the Kırşehir Block in the north and the Anatolide-Tauride block in the south within the plateau. A proper understanding of physical properties such as seismic attenuation
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The crustal structure of the Longmenshan fault zone and its implications for seismogenesis: new insight from aeromagnetic and gravity data Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-21 Hai Yang, Shengqing Xiong, Qiankun Liu, Fang Li, Zhiye Jia, Xue Yang, Haofei Yan, Zhaoliang Li
Abstract. Although many geophysical models have been proposed in the Longmenshan fault zone (LFZ) and its surrounding areas, the deep structure of the seismic gap and its constraint of the Wenchuan and Lushan earthquakes remain uncertain. Based on the compiled aeromagnetic data and Bouguer gravity data, we have tried to create a more detailed and reasonable magnetic and density model using 2D forward
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Earth's core variability from magnetic and gravity field observations Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-20 Anita Thea Saraswati, Olivier de Viron, Mioara Mandea
Abstract. The motions of the liquid within the Earth's outer core lead to magnetic field variations together with mass distribution changes. As the core is not accessible for direct observation, our knowledge of the Earth’s liquid core dynamics only relies on indirect information sources. Mainly generated by the core dynamics, the surface geomagnetic field provides information about the variations
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Impact of stress regime change on the permeability of a naturally fractured carbonate buildup (Latemar, The Dolomites, Northern Italy) Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-19 Onyedika Anthony Igbokwe, Jithender J. Timothy, Ashwani Kumar, Xiao Yan, Mathias Mueller, Alessandro Verdecchia, Günther Meschke, Adrian Immenhauser
Abstract. Changing stress regimes control fracture network geometry and influence porosity and permeability in carbonate reservoirs. Using outcrop data analysis and a displacement-based linear elastic finite element method, we investigate the impact of stress-regime change on fracture network permeability. The model is based on fracture networks, specifically fracture sub-structures. The Latemar, predominantly
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Quantifying mantle mixing through configurational Entropy Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-12 Erik van der Wiel, Cedric Thieulot, Douwe van Hinsbergen
Abstract. Geodynamic models of mantle convection provide a powerful tool to obtain insights into the structure and composition of the Earth’s mantle that resulted from a long history of differentiating and mixing. Comparing such models with geophysical and geochemical observations is challenging as these datasets often sample entirely different temporal and spatial scales. Here, we explore the use
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Post-Caledonian tectonic evolution of the Precambrian and Palaeozoic Platforms boundary zone offshore Poland based on the new and vintage multi-channel reflection seismic data Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-12 Quang Nguyen, Michal Malinowski, Stanisław Mazur, Sergiy Stovba, Małgorzata Ponikowska, Christian Hübscher
Abstract. The structure of the post-Caledonian sedimentary cover in the transition from the Precambrian to the Palaeozoic Platforms in the Polish sector of the Baltic Sea is a matter of ongoing debate, due to the sparsity of quality seismic data and insufficient well data. The new high-resolution BalTec seismic data acquired in 2016 contributed greatly to deciphering the regional geology of the area
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Extraction of Pre-earthquake Anomalies in Borehole Strain Data Using Graph WaveNet: A Case Study of the Lushan Earthquake Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-11 Chenyang Li, Yu Duan, Ying Han, Zining Yu, Chengquan Chi, Dewang Zhang
Abstract. On 20 April 2013, Lushan experienced a magnitude 7.0 earthquake. In seismic assessments, borehole strain meters, recognized for their remarkable sensitivity and inherent reliability in tracking crustal deformation, are extensively employed. However, traditional data processing methods encounter challenges when handling massive datasets. This study proposes using a graph wavenet graph neural
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Oblique rifting triggered by slab tearing: the case of the Alboran rifted margin in the eastern Betics Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Marine Larrey, Frédéric Mouthereau, Damien Do Couto, Emmanuel Masini, Anthony Jourdon, Sylvain Calassou, Véronique Miegebielle
Abstract. The tectonic evolution of highly oblique continental margins that result from extension above lithospheric subduction–transform edge propagator (STEP) faults is poorly understood. Here, we investigate the case of the Alboran margin in the eastern Betics characterized by crustal thinning of 15–10 km, oblique to the direction of slab retreat. The current deformation patterns indicate that oblique
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Analogue modelling of basin inversion: implications for the Araripe Basin (Brazil) Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Pâmela C. Richetti, Frank Zwaan, Guido Schreurs, Renata S. Schmitt, Timothy C. Schmid
Abstract. Basin inversion is a process that takes place when a sedimentary basin is subjected to compressional stresses resulting in the reactivation of pre-existing faults and/or the localization of deformation along new reverse faults. The Araripe Basin (NE Brazil) is an example of a Cretaceous intracontinental aborted rift, with its sedimentary infill found at ca. 1000 m altitude, 500 m above the
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Geomorphic expressions of active rifting reflect the role of structural inheritance: A new model for the evolution of the Shanxi Rift, North China Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Malte Froemchen, Ken J. W. McCaffrey, Mark B. Allen, Jeroen van Hunen, Thomas B. Phillips, Yueren Xu
Abstract. Many rifts are influenced by pre-existing structures and heterogeneities during their evolution, a process known as structural inheritance. During rift evolution, these heterogeneities may aid rift nucleation, growth, and segmentation of faults, encourage linkage of various segments, or even inhibit the formation of faults. Understanding how structural inheritance influences early rift evolution
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Seismic evaluation of the Flemish Cap and Goban Spur pre-rift relationship prior to the opening of the North Atlantic, with support from plate reconstruction Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Pei Yang, J. Kim Welford
Abstract. Recent geophysical investigations of the NE Newfoundland-Irish Atlantic rifted margin pair (North Atlantic) have called into question the previously assumed conjugate relationship and rift-perpendicular extension between the Flemish Cap and Goban Spur. In this study, we present multichannel seismic reflection profiles across the margins of the Flemish Cap, Porcupine Bank, and Goban Spur,
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Palaeoseismic crisis in the Galera Fault (S Spain). Consequences in Bronze Age settlements? Solid Earth (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Ivan Martin-Rojas, Ivan Medina-Cascales, Francisco Juan García-Tortosa, Maria Oliva Rodríguez-Ariza, Fernando Molina González, Juan Antonio Cámara Serrano, Pedro Alfaro
Abstract. Palaeoseismological studies play a crucial role in the seismic characterization of regions with slow moving faults. This is the case of the Central Betic Cordillera, a highly populated area where the record of prehistoric earthquakes is very scarce, despite of being one of the regions with the highest seismic hazard in Spain. We present here a palaeoseismological characterization of the Galera