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AspGap: Augmented Stellar Parameters and Abundances for 37 Million Red Giant Branch Stars from Gaia XP Low-resolution Spectra Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Jiadong Li, Kaze W. K. Wong, David W. Hogg, Hans-Walter Rix, Vedant Chandra
We present AspGap, a new approach to inferring stellar labels from the low-resolution Gaia XP spectra, including precise [α/M] estimates—the first time these are obtained by such an approach. AspGap is a neural-network-based regression model trained on APOGEE spectra. In the training step, AspGap learns to use not only XP spectra to predict stellar labels but also the high-resolution APOGEE spectra
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A Classification Catalog of Periodic Variable Stars for LAMOST DR9 Based on Machine Learning Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Peiyun Qiao, Tingting Xu, Feng Wang, Ying Mei, Hui Deng, Lei Tan, Chao Liu
Identifying and classifying variable stars is essential to time-domain astronomy. The Large Area Multi-Object Fiber Optic Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) acquired a large amount of spectral data. However, there is no corresponding variable source-related information in the data, constraining LAMOST data utilization for scientific research. In this study, we systematically investigated variable source
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An Exactly Energy-conserving Electromagnetic Particle-in-cell Method in Curvilinear Coordinates Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-12 J. Croonen, L. Pezzini, F. Bacchini, G. Lapenta
In this paper, we introduce and discuss an exactly energy-conserving particle-in-cell method for arbitrary curvilinear coordinates. The flexibility provided by curvilinear coordinates enables the study of plasmas in complex-shaped domains by aligning the grid to the given geometry or by focusing grid resolution on regions of interest without overresolving the surrounding, potentially uninteresting
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A Uniformly Selected Sample of Low-mass Black Holes in Seyfert 1 Galaxies. III. Radio Sources from the SKA Pathfinders and Beyond Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-12 Jin-Zhi Wu, Xiao-Bo Dong, Lei Qian, Wen-Juan Liu, Fu-Guo Xie, Bo Peng
Occupying the intermediate-mass regime of the accretion-jet parameter space, radio continuum emission from active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with black hole mass M BH ≲ 106 M ⊙ (low-mass AGNs) is a valuable probe to the physics of relativistic jets. Yet the number of low-mass AGNs with radio detection is rather limited so far (≈40 in total). In this work, we make two efforts to search for radio counterparts
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The XMM-Newton Line Emission Analysis Program (X-LEAP). I. Emission-line Survey of O vii, O viii, and Fe L-shell Transitions Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Zeyang Pan, Zhijie Qu, Joel N. Bregman, Jifeng Liu
The XMM-Newton Line Emission Analysis Program (X-LEAP) is designed to study diffuse X-ray emissions from the Milky Way (MW) hot gas, as well as emissions from the foreground solar wind charge exchange (SWCX). This paper presents an all-sky survey of spectral feature intensities corresponding to the O vii, O viii, and iron L-shell (Fe-L) emissions. These intensities are derived from 5418 selected XMM-Newton
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Lithium Abundances from the LAMOST Medium-resolution Survey Data Release 9 Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Ming-Yi Ding, Jian-Rong Shi, Hong-liang Yan, Chun-Qian Li, Qi Gao, Tian-Yi Chen, Jing-Hua Zhang, Shuai Liu, Xiao-Jin Xie, Yao-Jia Tang, Ze-Ming Zhou, Jiang-Tao Wang
Lithium is a fragile but crucial chemical element in the Universe, and exhibits interesting and complex behaviors. Thanks to the mass of spectroscopic data from the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) medium-resolution survey (MRS), we can investigate the lithium abundances in a large and diverse sample of stars, which could bring vital help in studying the origin and
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An Algorithm for the Determination of Coronal Mass Ejection Kinematic Parameters Based on Machine Learning Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Rongpei Lin, Yi Yang, Fang Shen, Gilbert Pi, Yucong Li
Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) constitute the major source of severe space weather events, with the potential to cause enormous damage to humans and spacecraft in space. It is becoming increasingly important to detect and track CMEs, since there are more and more space activities and facilities. We have developed a new algorithm to automatically derive a CME’s kinematic parameters based on machine learning
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Magnetic Activity of Millions of G-type Stars Based on the LAMOST DR10 Low-resolution Spectral and TESS Light-curve Surveys and the Future CSST Survey Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Tianhao Su, Li-yun Zhang, Liu Long, Prabhakar Misra, Xianming L. Han, Gang Meng, ZiLu Yang, Qingfeng Pi
The Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) data release 10 (DR10) provides over 3 million G-type stellar spectra, which are important for the study of chromospheric activity of solar-like stars. We have used the iSpec program to perform spectral subtraction on the G-type stellar spectra obtained from LAMOST DR10 with a signal-to-noise ratio greater than 10. We have calculated
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Quasar Winds Caught on Acceleration and Deceleration Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Weimin Yi, P. B. Hall, Zunli Yuan, W. N. Brandt, D. P. Schneider, Zhicheng He, Jin-Ming Bai, Xue-Bing Wu
We present an observational study of wind acceleration based on four low-ionization broad absorption line (BAL) quasars (J0136, J1238, J1259, and J1344). J0136 and J1344 (group 1) are radio-quiet and show large BAL-velocity shifts as opposed to stable line-locking associated absorption lines (AALs). Notably, J1344 displays a linear relation between BAL-velocity shift and time interval over three consecutive
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The Initial Mass Function Based on the Full-sky 20 pc Census of ∼3600 Stars and Brown Dwarfs Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-09 J. Davy Kirkpatrick, Federico Marocco, Christopher R. Gelino, Yadukrishna Raghu, Jacqueline K. Faherty, Daniella C. Bardalez Gagliuffi, Steven D. Schurr, Kevin Apps, Adam C. Schneider, Aaron M. Meisner, Marc J. Kuchner, Dan Caselden, R. L. Smart, S. L. Casewell, Roberto Raddi, Aurora Kesseli, Nikolaj Stevnbak Andersen, Edoardo Antonini, Paul Beaulieu, Thomas P. Bickle, Martin Bilsing, Raymond Chieng
A complete accounting of nearby objects—from the highest-mass white dwarf progenitors down to low-mass brown dwarfs—is now possible, thanks to an almost complete set of trigonometric parallax determinations from Gaia, ground-based surveys, and Spitzer follow-up. We create a census of objects within a Sun-centered sphere of 20 pc radius and check published literature to decompose each binary or higher-order
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Flare Hunting in Hot Subdwarf and White Dwarf Stars from Cycles 1–5 of TESS Photometry Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-09 Keyu Xing, Weikai Zong, Roberto Silvotti, Jian-Ning Fu, Stéphane Charpinet, Tianqi Cang, J. J. Hermes, Xiao-Yu Ma, Haotian Wang, Xuan Wang, Tao Wu, Jiaxin Wang
Stellar flares are critical phenomena on stellar surfaces, which are closely tied to stellar magnetism. While extensively studied in main-sequence (MS) stars, their occurrence in evolved compact stars, specifically hot subdwarfs and white dwarfs (WDs), remains scarcely explored. Based on Cycles 1–5 of TESS photometry, we conducted a pioneering survey of flare events in ∼12,000 compact stars, corresponding
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Is It Possible to Know Cosmological Fine-tuning? Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-05 Daniel Andrés Díaz-Pachón, Ola Hössjer, Calvin Mathew
Fine-tuning studies whether some physical parameters, or relevant ratios between them, are located within so-called life-permitting intervals of small probability outside of which carbon-based life would not be possible. Recent developments have found estimates of these probabilities that circumvent previous concerns of measurability and selection bias. However, the question remains whether fine-tuning
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CatNorth: An Improved Gaia DR3 Quasar Candidate Catalog with Pan-STARRS1 and CatWISE Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Yuming Fu, Xue-Bing Wu, Yifan Li, Yuxuan Pang, Ravi Joshi, Shuo Zhang, Qiyue Wang, Jing Yang, FanLam Ng, Xingjian Liu, Yu Qiu, Rui Zhu, Huimei Wang, Christian Wolf, Yanxia Zhang, Zhi-Ying Huo, Y. L. Ai, Qinchun Ma, Xiaotong Feng, R. J. Bouwens
A complete and pure sample of quasars with accurate redshifts is crucial for quasar studies and cosmology. In this paper, we present CatNorth, an improved Gaia Data Release 3 (Gaia DR3) quasar candidate catalog with more than 1.5 million sources in the 3π sky built with data from Gaia, Pan-STARRS1, and CatWISE2020. The XGBoost algorithm is used to reclassify the original Gaia DR3 quasar candidates
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Ultradiffuse Galaxies—A Distinct Population? Dwarf Galaxies in the Coma Cluster and A262 from Deep u′–g′–r′ Wendelstein Imaging Data Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Raphael Zöller, Matthias Kluge, Benjamin Staiger, Ralf Bender
In this study, we compare the structural parameters of ultradiffuse galaxies (UDGs) to those of other dwarf galaxies and investigate whether UDGs form a distinct population. We observed deep u′ -, g′ -, and r′ -band images (maximum limiting surface brightness [3σ, 10″ × 10″] u′ and g′ : ≈30magarcsec−2; ; r′ : ≈29magarcsec−2 ) of A1656 (Coma cluster) and A262 with the Wendelstein Wide Field Imager
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StellarGAN: Classifying Stellar Spectra with Generative Adversarial Networks in SDSS and APOGEE Sky Surveys Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-29 Wei Liu, Shuo Cao, Xian-Chuan Yu, Meng Zhu, Marek Biesiada, Jiawen Yao, Minghao Du
Extracting precise stellar labels is crucial for large spectroscopic surveys like the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and APOGEE. In this paper, we report the newest implementation of StellarGAN, a data-driven method based on generative adversarial networks (GANs). Using 1D operators like convolution, the 2D GAN is modified into StellarGAN. This allows it to learn the relevant features of 1D stellar
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Modeling the Morphology of Fast Radio Bursts and Radio Pulsars with fitburst Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 E. Fonseca, Z. Pleunis, D. Breitman, K. R. Sand, B. Kharel, P. J. Boyle, C. Brar, U. Giri, V. M. Kaspi, K. W. Masui, B. W. Meyers, C. Patel, P. Scholz, K. Smith
We present a framework for modeling astrophysical pulses from radio pulsars and fast radio bursts (FRBs). This framework, called fitburst, generates synthetic representations of dynamic spectra that are functions of several physical and heuristic parameters; the heuristic parameters can nonetheless accommodate a vast range of distributions in spectral energy. fitburst is designed to optimize the modeling
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Experimental Branching Fractions, Transition Probabilities, and Oscillator Strengths in Sm ii Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Xinghao Wang, Qi Yu, Jiajin Tan, Hongqiang Xie, Zhiming Chen, Xiong Li
Branching fractions (BFs) of Sm ii for 71 lines from 12 excited levels ranging from 31,638.79 to 35,463.91 cm−1 were determined for the first time based on the Fourier transform spectra available from the National Solar Observatory database. New transition probabilities and oscillator strengths for these lines were derived by combining the determined BFs with reliable lifetimes measured using a time-resolved
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Metallicities and Refined Stellar Parameters for 52 Cool Dwarfs with Transiting Planets and Planet Candidates Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Rebecca Gore, Steven Giacalone, Courtney D. Dressing, Emma V. Turtelboom, Ashley Schroeder, Charles D. Fortenbach, Kevin K. Hardegree-Ullman, Jon K. Zink, Andrew W. Mayo, Joshua E. Schlieder, Jessie L. Christiansen
We collected near-infrared spectra of 65 cool stars with the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility and analyzed them to calculate accurate metallicities and stellar parameters. The sample of 55 M dwarfs and 10 K dwarfs includes 25 systems with confirmed planets and 27 systems with planet candidates identified by the K2 and TESS missions. Three of the 25 confirmed planetary systems host multiple confirmed
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Modeling and Calibration of Gaia, Hipparcos, and Tycho-2 Astrometric Data for the Detection of Dark Companions Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Fabo Feng, Yicheng Rui, Yifan Xuan, Hugh Jones
Hidden within the Gaia satellite’s multiple data releases lies a valuable cache of dark companions. To facilitate the efficient and reliable detection of these companions via combined analyses involving the Gaia, Hipparcos, and Tycho-2 catalogs, we introduce an astrometric modeling framework. This method incorporates analytical least-square minimization and nonlinear parameter optimization techniques
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The JWST Resolved Stellar Populations Early Release Science Program. V. DOLPHOT Stellar Photometry for NIRCam and NIRISS Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Daniel R. Weisz, Andrew E. Dolphin, Alessandro Savino, Kristen B. W. McQuinn, Max J. B. Newman, Benjamin F. Williams, Nitya Kallivayalil, Jay Anderson, Martha L. Boyer, Matteo Correnti, Marla C. Geha, Karin M. Sandstrom, Andrew A. Cole, Jack T. Warfield, Evan D. Skillman, Roger E. Cohen, Rachael Beaton, Alessandro Bressan, Alberto Bolatto, Michael Boylan-Kolchin, Alyson M. Brooks, James S. Bullock
We present NIRCam and NIRISS modules for DOLPHOT, a widely used crowded-field stellar photometry package. We describe details of the modules including pixel masking, astrometric alignment, star finding, photometry, catalog creation, and artificial star tests. We tested these modules using NIRCam and NIRISS images of M92 (a Milky Way globular cluster), Draco II (an ultrafaint dwarf galaxy), and Wolf–Lundmark–Mellote
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High-dimensional Statistical Analysis and Its Application to an ALMA Map of NGC 253 Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Tsutomu T. Takeuchi, Kazuyoshi Yata, Kento Egashira, Makoto Aoshima, Aki Ishii, Suchetha Cooray, Kouichiro Nakanishi, Kotaro Kohno, Kai T. Kono
In astronomy, if we denote the dimension of data as d and the number of samples as n, we often find a case with n ≪ d. Traditionally, such a situation is regarded as ill-posed, and there was no choice but to discard most of the information in data dimensions to let d < n. The data with n ≪ d is referred to as the high-dimensional low sample size (HDLSS). To deal with HDLSS problems, a method called
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A λ 3 mm Line Survey toward the Circumstellar Envelope of the Carbon-rich AGB Star IRC+10216 (CW Leo) Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Juan Tuo, Xiaohu Li, Jixian Sun, Tom J. Millar, Yong Zhang, Jianjie Qiu, Donghui Quan, Jarken Esimbek, Jianjun Zhou, Yu Gao, Qiang Chang, Lin Xiao, Yanan Feng, Zhenzhen Miao, Rong Ma, Ryszard Szczerba, Xuan Fang
We present an unbiased λ 3 mm spectral line survey (between 84.5 and 115.8 GHz), conducted by the Purple Mountain Observatory 13.7 m radio telescope, together with updated modeling results, toward the carbon-rich asymptotic giant branch star IRC+10216 (CW Leo). A total of 75 spectral lines (96 transitions) are detected, and identified to arise from 19 molecules: C2H, l-C3H, C4H, CN, C3N, HC3N, HC5N
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Physically Motivated Deep Learning to Superresolve and Cross Calibrate Solar Magnetograms Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Andrés Muñoz-Jaramillo, Anna Jungbluth, Xavier Gitiaux, Paul J. Wright, Carl Shneider, Shane A. Maloney, Atılım Güneş Baydin, Yarin Gal, Michel Deudon, Freddie Kalaitzis
Superresolution (SR) aims to increase the resolution of images by recovering detail. Compared to standard interpolation, deep learning-based approaches learn features and their relationships to leverage prior knowledge of what low-resolution patterns look like in higher resolution. Deep neural networks can also perform image cross-calibration by learning the systematic properties of the target images
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Science Opportunities for IMAP-Lo Observations of Interstellar Neutral Hydrogen and Deuterium during a Maximum of Solar Activity Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 M. A. Kubiak, M. Bzowski, E. Möbius, N. A. Schwadron
Direct-sampling observations of interstellar neutral gas, including hydrogen and deuterium, have been performed for more than one cycle of solar activity by IBEX. The IBEX viewing is restricted to directions perpendicular to the spacecraft–Sun line, which limits the observations to several months each year. This restriction is removed in the forthcoming mission called Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration
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A Closer Look at Small-scale Magnetic Flux Ropes in the Solar Wind at 1 au: Results from Improved Automated Detection Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Hameedullah Farooki, Sung Jun Noh, Jeongwoo Lee, Haimin Wang, Hyomin Kim, Yasser Abduallah, Jason T. L. Wang, Yu Chen, Sergio Servidio, Francesco Pecora
Small-scale interplanetary magnetic flux ropes (SMFRs) are similar to ICMEs in magnetic structure, but are smaller and do not exhibit coronal mass ejection plasma signatures. We present a computationally efficient and GPU-powered version of the single-spacecraft automated SMFR detection algorithm based on the Grad–Shafranov (GS) technique. Our algorithm can process higher resolution data, eliminates
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S-PLUS: Photometric Recalibration with the Stellar Color Regression Method and an Improved Gaia XP Synthetic Photometry Method Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Kai Xiao, Yang Huang, Haibo Yuan, Timothy C. Beers, Bowen Huang, Shuai Xu, Lin Yang, Felipe Almeida-Fernandes, Hélio D. Perottoni, Guilherme Limberg, William Schoenell, Tiago Ribeiro, Antonio Kanaan, Natanael Gomes de Oliveira
We present a comprehensive recalibration of narrowband/medium-band and broadband photometry from the Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey (S-PLUS) by leveraging two approaches: an improved Gaia XP synthetic photometry (XPSP) method with corrected Gaia XP spectra, and the stellar color regression (SCR) method with corrected Gaia Early Data Release 3 photometric data and spectroscopic data from
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Toward Precision Cosmology with Improved Planetary Nebula Luminosity Function Distances Using VLT-MUSE. II. A Test Sample from Archival Data Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 George H. Jacoby, Robin Ciardullo, Martin M. Roth, Magda Arnaboldi, Peter M. Weilbacher
Thanks to the MUSE integral field spectrograph on board the Very Large Telescope (VLT), extragalactic distance measurements with the [O iii] λ5007 planetary nebula luminosity function (PNLF) are now possible out to ∼40 Mpc. Here we analyze the VLT/MUSE data for 20 galaxies from the ESO public archive to identify the systems’ planetary nebulae (PNe) and determine their PNLF distances. Three of the galaxies
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Identifying Flare-indicative Photospheric Magnetic Field Parameters from Multivariate Time-series Data of Solar Active Regions Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Khaznah Alshammari, Shah Muhammad Hamdi, Soukaina Filali Boubrahimi
Photospheric magnetic field parameters are frequently used to analyze and predict solar events. Observation of these parameters over time, i.e., representing solar events by multivariate time-series (MVTS) data, can determine relationships between magnetic field states in active regions and extreme solar events, e.g., solar flares. We can improve our understanding of these events by selecting the most
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The ALCHEMI Atlas: Principal Component Analysis Reveals Starburst Evolution in NGC 253 Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Nanase Harada, David S. Meier, Sergio Martín, Sebastien Muller, Kazushi Sakamoto, Toshiki Saito, Mark D. Gorski, Christian Henkel, Kunihiko Tanaka, Jeffrey G. Mangum, Susanne Aalto, Rebeca Aladro, Mathilde Bouvier, Laura Colzi, Kimberly L. Emig, Rubén Herrero-Illana, Ko-Yun Huang, Kotaro Kohno, Sabine König, Kouichiro Nakanishi, Yuri Nishimura, Shuro Takano, Víctor M. Rivilla, Serena Viti, Yoshimasa
Molecular lines are powerful diagnostics of the physical and chemical properties of the interstellar medium (ISM). These ISM properties, which affect future star formation, are expected to differ in starburst galaxies from those of more quiescent galaxies. We investigate the ISM properties in the central molecular zone of the nearby starburst galaxy NGC 253 using the ultrawide millimeter spectral scan
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The Impact of Effective Matter Mixing Based on Three-dimensional Hydrodynamical Models on the Molecule Formation in the Ejecta of SN 1987A Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Masaomi Ono, Takaya Nozawa, Shigehiro Nagataki, Alexandra Kozyreva, Salvatore Orlando, Marco Miceli, Ke-Jung Chen
To investigate the impact of matter mixing on the formation of molecules in the ejecta of SN 1987A, time-dependent rate equations for chemical reactions are solved for one-zone and one-dimensional (1D) ejecta models of SN 1987A. The latter models are based on the 1D profiles obtained by angle-averaging of the three-dimensional (3D) hydrodynamical models, which effectively reflect the 3D matter mixing;
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A Star-based Method for the Precise Flux Calibration of the Chinese Space Station Telescope Slitless Spectroscopic Survey Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Lin Yang, Haibo Yuan, Fuqing Duan, Ruoyi Zhang, Bowen Huang, Kai Xiao, Shuai Xu, Jinming Zhang
The upcoming Chinese Space Station Telescope (CSST) slitless spectroscopic survey poses a challenge of flux calibration, which requires a large number of flux-standard stars. In this work, we design an uncertainty-aware residual attention network, the UaRA-net, to derive the CSST spectral energy distributions (SEDs) with a resolution of R = 200 over the wavelength range of 2500–10000 Å using LAMOST
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Light Bridges and Solar Active Region Evolution Processes Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Fuyu Li, Changhui Rao, Xinhua Zhao, Yang Guo, Xiaoying Gong, Yuhao Chen, Nanbin Xiang, Huaning Wang
The formation mechanism of light bridges (LBs) is strongly related to the dynamic evolution of solar active regions (ARs). To study the relationship between LB formation and AR evolution phases, we employ 109 LB samples from 69 ARs in 2014 using observational data from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory. LBs are well matched with the weak field lanes (WFLs)
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The EDGE-CALIFA Survey: An Extragalactic Database for Galaxy Evolution Studies Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Tony Wong, Yixian Cao, Yufeng Luo, Alberto D. Bolatto, Sebastián F. Sánchez, Jorge K. Barrera-Ballesteros, Leo Blitz, Dario Colombo, Helmut Dannerbauer, Alex Green, Veselina Kalinova, Ferzem Khan, Andrew Kim, Eduardo A. D. Lacerda, Adam K. Leroy, Rebecca C. Levy, Xincheng Lin, Yuanze Luo, Erik W. Rosolowsky, Mónica Rubio, Peter Teuben, Dyas Utomo, Vicente Villanueva, Stuart N. Vogel, Xinyu Wang
The EDGE-CALIFA survey provides spatially resolved optical integral-field unit and CO spectroscopy for 125 galaxies selected from the Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area Survey (CALIFA) Data Release 3 sample. The Extragalactic Database for Galaxy Evolution (EDGE) presents the spatially resolved products of the survey as pixel tables that reduce the oversampling in the original images and facilitate
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Physical Parameters of 11,100 Short-period ASAS-SN Eclipsing Contact Binaries Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Xu-Zhi Li, Qing-Feng Zhu, Xu Ding, Xiao-Hui Xu, Hang Zheng, Jin-Sheng Qiu, Ming-Chao Liu
Starting from more than 11,200 short-period (less than 0.5 days) EW-type eclipsing binary candidates with the All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae V-band light curves, we use the Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm and neural networks to obtain the mass ratio (q), orbital inclination (incl), fill-out factor (f), and temperature ratio (T s /T p ). After crossmatching with the Gaia DR3 database, the
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CME Arrival Time Prediction via Fusion of Physical Parameters and Image Features Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Yufeng Zhong, Dong Zhao, Xin Huang, Long Xu
Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are among the most intense phenomena in the Sun–Earth system, often resulting in space environment effects and consequential geomagnetic disturbances. Consequently, quickly and accurately predicting CME arrival time is crucial to minimize the harm caused to the near-Earth space environment. To forecast the arrival time of CMEs, researchers have developed diverse methods
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Detection of Pairwise Kinetic Sunyaev–Zel’dovich Effect with DESI Galaxy Groups and Planck in Fourier Space Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Shaohong Li, Yi Zheng, Ziyang Chen, Haojie Xu, Xiaohu Yang
We report a ∼5.2σ detection of the kinetic Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (kSZ) effect in Fourier space, by combining the DESI galaxy groups and the Planck data. We use the density-weighted pairwise kSZ power spectrum as the summary statistic, and the detailed procedure of its measurement is presented in this paper. Meanwhile, we analyze the redshift space group density power spectrum to constrain its bias parameters
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Observational Properties of 155 β Cephei Pulsating Variable Stars Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Xiang-dong Shi, Sheng-bang Qian, Li-ying Zhu, Lin-jia Li, Er-gang Zhao, Wen-xu Lin
β Cephei pulsating variable (BCEP) stars are the most massive pulsating variable stars in the main sequence, exhibiting both p- and g-mode pulsations. In this study, we identified 155 BCEP stars or candidates using data from TESS and Gaia, of which 83 were first confirmed as BCEP stars. They have visual magnitudes ranging from 8 to 12 mag and effective temperatures between approximately 20,000 and
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Image Synthesis for Solar Flare Prediction Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Elad Amar, Ohad Ben-Shahar
Solar flare prediction is a topic of interest to many researchers owing to the potential of solar flares to affect various technological systems, both terrestrial and in orbit. In recent years, the forecasting task has become progressively more reliant on data-driven computations and machine-learning algorithms. Although these efforts have improved solar flare predictions, they still falter in doing
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Jet Mechanism and γ-Ray-emitting Region for Fermi Flat-spectrum Radio Quasars with Broad-line Emissions Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Lixia Zhang, Xiaobiao Chen, Shihui He, Wenwen Nie, Wentao Tang, Jiawei Huang, Guohai Chen, Junhui Fan
Blazars are a subject of intense debate, specifically regarding their jet launch and emission mechanisms, and the origins of their γ-ray radiation. To explore these issues, we have built a comprehensive sample of flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs), with well-characterized spectral energy distribution. This study aims to elucidate the dominant jet launch mechanism and the main processes behind the
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Stellar Loci. VII. Photometric Metallicities of 5 Million FGK Stars Based on GALEX GR6+7 AIS and Gaia EDR3 Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Xue Lu, Haibo Yuan, Shuai Xu, Ruoyi Zhang, Kai Xiao, Yang Huang, Timothy C. Beers, Jihye Hong
We combine photometric data from GALEX GR6+7 All-Sky Imaging Survey and Gaia Early Data Release 3 with stellar parameters from the SAGA and PASTEL catalogs to construct high-quality training samples for dwarfs (0.4 < BP − RP < 1.6) and giants (0.6 < BP − RP < 1.6). We apply careful reddening corrections using empirical temperature- and extinction-dependent extinction coefficients. Using the two samples
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The First LHAASO Catalog of Gamma-Ray Sources Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Zhen Cao, F. Aharonian, Q. An, Axikegu8, Y. X. Bai, Y. W. Bao, D. Bastieri, X. J. Bi, Y. J. Bi, J. T. Cai, Q. Cao, W. Y. Cao, Zhe Cao, J. Chang, J. F. Chang, A. M. Chen, E. S. Chen, Liang Chen, Lin Chen, Long Chen, M. J. Chen, M. L. Chen, Q. H. Chen, S. H. Chen, S. Z. Chen, T. L. Chen, Y. Chen, N. Cheng, Y. D. Cheng, M. Y. Cui, S. W. Cui, X. H. Cui, Y. D. Cui, B. Z. Dai, H. L. Dai, Z. G. Dai, Danzengluobu15
We present the first catalog of very-high-energy and ultra-high-energy gamma-ray sources detected by the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory. The catalog was compiled using 508 days of data collected by the Water Cherenkov Detector Array from 2021 March to 2022 September and 933 days of data recorded by the Kilometer Squared Array from 2020 January to 2022 September. This catalog represents
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IRIS2+: A Comprehensive Database of Stratified Thermodynamic Models in the Low Solar Atmosphere Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Alberto Sainz Dalda, Aaryan Agrawal, Bart De Pontieu, Milan Gošić
We present the most comprehensive collection of stratified-in-optical-depth thermodynamic models of the lower solar atmosphere. This database, named IRIS2+, consists of 40,320 synthetic representative profiles (RPs) and their corresponding representative model atmospheres (RMAs). The latter result from inverting the observed RPs, which are the result of clustering multiline spectral profiles observed
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Relations of Rotation and Chromospheric Activity to Stellar Age for FGK Dwarfs from Kepler and LAMOST Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Lifei Ye, Shaolan Bi, Jinghua Zhang, Tiancheng Sun, Liu Long, Zhishuai Ge, Tanda Li, Xianfei Zhang, Xunzhou Chen, Yaguang Li, Jianzhao Zhou, Maosheng Xiang
The empirical relations between rotation period, chromospheric activity, and age can be used to estimate stellar age. To calibrate these relations, we present a catalog, including the masses and ages of 52,321 FGK dwarfs, 47,489 chromospheric activity index logRHK+ , 6077 rotation periods P rot, and variability amplitudes S ph, based on data from LAMOST DR7, Kepler, and Gaia Data Release 3. We find
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He-rich Hot Subdwarf Stars Observed in Gaia DR3 and LAMOST DR7: Carbon and Nitrogen Abundances and Kinematics Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Yangping Luo, Péter Németh, Kun Wang, Yang Pan
We conducted an analysis of the abundances of He, C, and N in 210 He-rich hot subdwarfs observed within both the Gaia Data Release 3 (DR3) and LAMOST DR7 data sets. This analysis involved fitting the LAMOST spectra with Tlusty/Synspec non-LTE synthetic spectra. By examining the Galactic spatial positions, velocity vectors, and orbital parameters of these stars, we determined their Galactic population
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Inferring the Redshift of More than 150 GRBs with a Machine-learning Ensemble Model Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Maria Giovanna Dainotti, Elias Taira, Eric Wang, Elias Lehman, Aditya Narendra, Agnieszka Pollo, Grzegorz M. Madejski, Vahe Petrosian, Malgorzata Bogdan, Apratim Dey, Shubham Bhardwaj
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), due to their high luminosities, are detected up to a redshift of 10, and thus have the potential to be vital cosmological probes of early processes in the Universe. Fulfilling this potential requires a large sample of GRBs with known redshifts, but due to observational limitations, only 11% have known redshifts (z). There have been numerous attempts to estimate redshifts via
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The AO327 Drift Survey Catalog and Data Release of Pulsar Detections Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 J. S. Deneva, M. McLaughlin, T. E. E. Olszanski, E. F. Lewis, D. Pang, P. C. C. Freire, M. Bagchi, K. Stovall
The AO327 drift survey for radio pulsars and transients used the Arecibo telescope from 2010 until its collapse in 2020. AO327 collected ∼3100 hr of data at 327 MHz with a time resolution of 82 μs and a frequency resolution of 24 kHz. While the main motivation for such surveys is the discovery of new pulsars and new, even unforeseen, types of radio transients, they also serendipitously collect a wealth
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A Study of Broad Emission Line and Doppler Factor Estimation for Fermi Blazars Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Guohai Chen, Zepeng Zheng, Xiangtao Zeng, Lixia Zhang, Hubing Xiao, Xiang Liu, Lang Cui, Junhui Fan
In this work, we obtained a sample of 979 Fermi blazars with broad emission lines, including 701 objects collected from published works and 278 objects developed in this work. For the 278 objects, we made a crossmatch from three catalogs, the Fermi Large Area Telescope Fourth Source Catalog (4FGL), the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, and the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope, and
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Detection of Solar-like Oscillations in Subgiant and Red Giant Stars Using 2 minute Cadence TESS Data Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Jianzhao Zhou, Shaolan Bi, Jie Yu, Yaguang Li, Xianfei Zhang, Tanda Li, Liu Long, Mengjie Li, Tiancheng Sun, Lifei Ye
Based on all 2 minute cadence TESS light curves from Sector 1 to 60, we provide a catalog of 8651 solar-like oscillators, including frequency at maximum power ( νmax , with its median precision σ = 5.39%), large frequency separation (Δν, σ = 6.22%), and seismically derived masses, radii, and surface gravity values. In this sample, we have detected 2173 new oscillators and added 4373 new Δν measurements
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A Comprehensive Comparison of Various Galactic Cosmic-Ray Models to the State-of-the-art Particle and Radiation Measurements Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Weihao Liu, Jingnan Guo, Yubao Wang, Tony C. Slaba
Galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) are the slowly varying background energetic particles that originate outside the solar system, are modulated by the heliospheric magnetic field, and pose ongoing radiation hazards to deep space exploration missions. To assess the potential radiation risk, various models have been developed to predict the GCR flux near Earth based on propagation theories and/or empirical
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Giant Outer Transiting Exoplanet Mass (GOT ‘EM) Survey. IV. Long-term Doppler Spectroscopy for 11 Stars Thought to Host Cool Giant Exoplanets Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Paul A. Dalba, Stephen R. Kane, Howard Isaacson, Benjamin Fulton, Andrew W. Howard, Edward W. Schwieterman, Daniel P. Thorngren, Jonathan Fortney, Noah Vowell, Corey Beard, Sarah Blunt, Casey L. Brinkman, Ashley Chontos, Fei Dai, Steven Giacalone, Michelle L. Hill, Molly Kosiarek, Jack Lubin, Andrew W. Mayo, Teo Močnik, Joseph M. Akana Murphy, Erik A. Petigura, Malena Rice, Ryan A. Rubenzahl, Judah
Discovering and characterizing exoplanets at the outer edge of the transit method’s sensitivity has proven challenging owing to geometric biases and the practical difficulties associated with acquiring long observational baselines. Nonetheless, a sample of giant exoplanets on orbits longer than 100 days has been identified by transit hunting missions. We present long-term Doppler spectroscopy for 11
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A Comprehensive Correction of the Gaia DR3 XP Spectra Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Bowen Huang, Haibo Yuan, Maosheng Xiang, Yang Huang, Kai Xiao, Shuai Xu, Ruoyi Zhang, Lin Yang, Zexi Niu, Hongrui Gu
By combining spectra from the CALSPEC and NGSL, as well as spectroscopic data from the LAMOST Data Release 7 (DR7), we have analyzed and corrected the systematic errors of the Gaia DR3 BP/RP (XP) spectra. The errors depend on the normalized spectral energy distribution (simplified by two independent “colors”) and G magnitude. Our corrections are applicable in the range of approximately −0.5 < BP −
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Near-real-time 3D Reconstruction of the Solar Coronal Parameters Based on the Magnetohydrodynamic Algorithm outside a Sphere Using Deep Learning Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Sumiaya Rahman, Hyun-Jin Jeong, Ashraf Siddique, Yong-Jae Moon, Bendict Lawrance
For the first time, we generate solar coronal parameters (density, magnetic field, radial velocity, and temperature) on a near-real-time basis by deep learning. For this, we apply the Pix2PixCC deep-learning model to three-dimensional (3D) distributions of these parameters: synoptic maps of the photospheric magnetic field as an input and the magnetohydrodynamic algorithm outside a sphere (MAS) results
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The Measurement of Masses of OB-type Stars from LAMOST DR5 Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Zhenyan Huo, Zhicun Liu, Wenyuan Cui, Chao Liu, Jiaming Liu, Mingxu Sun, Shuai Feng, Linlin Li
The measurements of masses and luminosities of massive stars play an important role in understanding the formation and evolution of their host galaxies. In this work, we present the measurement of masses and luminosities of 2946 OB-type stars, including 78 O-type stars and 2868 B-type stars, based on their stellar parameters (effective temperature, surface gravity, and metallicity) and the Padova and
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A Comparative Analysis of the Solar Ultraviolet Spectral Irradiance Measured from Earth and Mars: Toward a General Empirical Model for the Study of Planetary Aeronomy Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Zhen Xu, Jianqi Qin
Accurate estimation of the solar vacuum ultraviolet irradiance between 0.1 and 200 nm is critical for the study of planetary aeronomy. Previous empirical models have relied on a limited number of reference spectra, or on multiple data sets with various degrees of uncertainty, and on an empirical selection of solar proxies. Here we propose a novel method for the development of empirical models based
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Identification of Carbon Stars from LAMOST DR7 Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Linlin Li, Kecheng Zhang, Wenyuan Cui, Jianrong Shi, Wei Ji, Zhenyan Huo, Yawei Gao, Shuai Zhang, Mingxu Sun
Carbon stars are excellent kinematic tracers of galaxies and play important roles in understanding the evolution of the Galaxy. Therefore, it is worthwhile to search for them in a large number of spectra. In this work, we build a new carbon star catalog based on the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopy Telescope (LAMOST) DR7 spectra. The catalog contains 4542 spectra of 3546 carbon stars
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Broadband Multiwavelength Study of LHAASO-detected Active Galactic Nuclei Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Ze-Rui Wang, Rui Xue, Dingrong Xiong, Hai-Qin Wang, Lu-Ming Sun, Fang-Kun Peng, Jirong Mao
Recently, the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) collaboration presented the first catalog of γ-ray sources using 508 days of LHAASO data, from 2021 March to 2022 September. This catalog contains four blazars and a possible LINER-type active galactic nucleus (AGN) counterpart. In this work, we establish averaged multiwavelength spectral energy distributions (SEDs) by combining data
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A Fast Second-order Solver for Stiff Multifluid Dust and Gas Hydrodynamics Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Leonardo Krapp, Juan Garrido-Deutelmoser, Pablo Benítez-Llambay, Kaitlin M. Kratter
We present MDIRK: a multifluid second-order diagonally implicit Runge–Kutta method to study momentum transfer between gas and an arbitrary number (N) of dust species. The method integrates the equations of hydrodynamics with an implicit–explicit scheme and solves the stiff source term in the momentum equation with a diagonally implicit, asymptotically stable Runge–Kutta method (DIRK). In particular
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A Multibranch Deep Neural Network for the Superresolution of Solar Magnetograms Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Fengping Dou, Long Xu, Dong Zhao, Zhixiang Ren
The existing superresolution (SR) models for solar magnetograms are mostly borrowed from the SR models for natural images. They are less effective for processing solar magnetograms with a very large dynamic range and very rich image features. In this paper, a multibranch superresolution (MBSR) model is specially designed for solar magnetograms. First, we split a low-resolution magnetogram into a group
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Powerful Radio Sources in the Southern Sky. III. First Results of the Optical Spectroscopic Campaign Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 A. García-Pérez, H. A. Peña-Herazo, A. Jimenez-Gallardo, V. Chavushyan, F. Massaro, S. V. White, A. Capetti, B. Balmaverde, W. R. Forman, C. C. Cheung, J. P. Madrid, C. Mazzucchelli, N. P. H. Nesvadba, I. Andruchow, S. Cellone, R. Grossová, A. Paggi, E. Sani, V. Reynaldi, R. P. Kraft, C. Leto
We recently built the G4Jy-3CRE catalog of extragalactic radio sources. This catalog lists 264 powerful radio sources selected with similar criteria to those of the revised Third Cambridge Catalog, but visible from the Southern Hemisphere. A literature search revealed that 119 sources in the G4Jy-3CRE catalog (i.e., 45%) lack a firm spectroscopic redshift measurement. Here, we present a campaign aimed
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The Hubble Deep Hydrogen Alpha (HDHα) Project. I. Catalog of Emission-line Galaxies Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. (IF 8.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Shuairu Zhu, Zhen-Ya Zheng, James Rhoads, Junxian Wang, Linhua Jiang, Chunyan Jiang, Fang-Ting Yuan, P. T. Rahna, Weida Hu, Ruqiu Lin, Huanyuan Shan, Chun Xu, Leopoldo Infante, L. Felipe Barrientos, Xianzhong Zheng, Guanwen Fang, Zhixiong Liang
We present the first results of the Hubble Deep Hydrogen Alpha (HDHα) project, which analyzes the space-borne deep Hα narrowband imaging data in the GOODS-S region. The HDHα data comprises 72 orbits’ images taken with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Advanced Camera for Surveys/Wide Field Channel F658N filter. The exposure time varies across a total area of ∼76.1 arcmin2, adding up to a total exposure