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Novel tests of gravity using nano-Hertz stochastic gravitational-wave background signals J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Enrico Cannizzaro, Gabriele Franciolini, Paolo Pani
Gravity theories that modify General Relativity in the slow-motion regime can introduce nonperturbative corrections to the stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB) from supermassive black-hole binaries in the nano-Hertz band, while not affecting the quadrupolar nature of the gravitational-wave radiation and remaining perturbative in the highly-relativistic regime, as to satisfy current post-Newtonian (PN)
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Gravitational wave probe of primordial black hole origin via superradiance J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Indra Kumar Banerjee, Ujjal Kumar Dey
In this article we have used stochastic gravitational wave background as a unique probe to gain insight regarding the creation mechanism of primordial black holes. We have considered the cumulative gravitational wave background which consists of the primary part coming from the creation mechanism of the primordial black holes and the secondary part coming from the different mechanisms the primordial
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Light thermal self-interacting dark matter in the shadow of non-standard cosmology J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Shu-Yu Ho, Pyungwon Ko, Dibyendu Nanda
In this paper, we construct a viable model for a GeV scale self-interacting dark matter (DM), where the DM was thermally produced in the early universe. Here, a new vector-like fermion with a dark charge under the U(1)_D gauge symmetry serves as a secluded WIMP DM and it can dominantly annihilate into the light dark gauge boson and singlet scalar through the dark gauge interaction. Also, the self-interaction
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Triplet scalar flavored leptogenesis with spontaneous CP violation J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Sreerupa Chongdar, Sasmita Mishra
The inclusion of two triplet scalars in the Standard Model (SM) enables to accommodate neutrino mass generation as well as baryogenesis through leptogenesis. One of the essential ingredients of leptogenesis is the violation of charge conjugation and parity (CP) symmetry in lepton number violating decays of the triplet scalars. We work on the promising sector of spontaneous CP violation (SCPV) which
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Probing ultralight tensor dark matter with the stochastic gravitational-wave background from advanced LIGO and Virgo's first three observing runs J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Rong-Zhen Guo, Yang Jiang, Qing-Guo Huang
Ultralight bosons are attractive dark-matter candidates and appear in various scenarios beyond standard model. They can induce superradiant instabilities around spinning black holes (BHs), extracting the energy and angular momentum from BHs, and then dissipate through monochromatic gravitational radiation, which become promising sources of gravitational wave detectors. In this letter, we focus on massive
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Observational constraints on extended Proca-Nuevo gravity and cosmology J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Fotios K. Anagnostopoulos, Emmanuel N. Saridakis
We confront massive Proca-Nuevo gravity with cosmological observations. The former is a non-linear theory involving a massive spin-1 field, that can be extended incorporating operators of the Generalized Proca class, and when coupled to gravity it can be covariantized in a way that exhibits consistent and ghost-free cosmological solutions, without experiencing instabilities and superluminalities at
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Induced gravitational waves and baryon asymmetry fluctuations from primordial black hole formation J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Chiara Altavista, Julián Rey
We consider black hole formation due to the gravitational collapse produced by large density fluctuations during an epoch of reheating with a stiff equation of state and calculate the induced gravitational wave spectrum. By considering the existing bounds on the total energy density of gravitational waves today, we find constraints on the parameter space of this scenario. We also calculate the lepton
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Numerical 1-loop correction from a potential yielding ultra-slow-roll dynamics J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Matthew W. Davies, Laura Iacconi, David J. Mulryne
Single-field models of inflation might lead to amplified scalar fluctuations on small scales due, for example, to a transient ultra-slow-roll phase. It was argued by Kristiano & Yokoyama in ref. [1] that the enhanced amplitude of the scalar power spectrum on small scales has the potential to induce a sizeable 1-loop correction to the spectrum at large scales. In this work, we repeat the calculation
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Relic neutrino decay solution to the excess radio background J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 P.S. Bhupal Dev, Pasquale Di Bari, Ivan Martínez-Soler, Rishav Roshan
The excess radio background detected by ARCADE 2 represents a puzzle within the standard cosmological model. There is no clear viable astrophysical solution, and therefore, it might indicate the presence of new physics. Radiative decays of a relic neutrino ν_i (either i=1, or i=2, or i=3) into a sterile neutrino ν_ s, assumed to be quasi-degenerate, provide a solution that currently evades all constraints
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Primordial Black hole formation from overlapping cosmological fluctuations J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Albert Escrivà, Chul-Moon Yoo
We consider the formation of primordial black holes (PBHs), during the radiation-dominated Universe, generated from the collapse of super-horizon curvature fluctuations that are overlapped with others on larger scales. Using a set of different curvature profiles, we show that the threshold for PBH formation (defined as the critical peak of the compaction function) can be decreased by several percentages
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A cosmological sandwiched window for lepton-number breaking scale J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Shao-Ping Li, Bingrong Yu
A singlet majoron can arise from the seesaw framework as a pseudo-Goldstone boson when the heavy Majorana neutrinos acquire masses via the spontaneous breaking of global U(1) L symmetry. The resulting cosmological impacts are usually derived from the effective majoron-neutrino interaction, and the majoron abundance is accumulated through the freeze-in neutrino coalescence. However, a primordial majoron
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A nearby source of ultra-high energy cosmic rays J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Mikhail Yu. Kuznetsov
Recently the Telescope Array collaboration reported an observation of cosmic ray event with very high energy 244 EeV (2.44 × 1020 eV). Importantly, the event is hard to correlate with the matter distribution in the local Universe, even after taking into account deflections in magnetic fields. This implies that the event is likely a nucleus with a large charge. An attenuation length of the nucleus of
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Probing scalar induced gravitational waves with PTA and LISA: the importance of third order correction J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Zhe Chang, Yu-Ting Kuang, Di Wu, Jing-Zhi Zhou
We revisit the calculation of third order scalar induced gravitational waves (SIGWs) and extend it from a monochromatic primordial power spectrum to a more general log-normal one. We investigate the impact of third order SIGWs on signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) and pulsar timing array (PTA) observations, and find that third order SIGWs significantly contribute
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On the Galactic radio signal from stimulated decay of axion dark matter J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 P.S. Bhupal Dev, Francesc Ferrer, Takuya Okawa
We study the full-sky distribution of the radio emission from the stimulated decay of axions which are assumed to compose the dark matter in the Galaxy. Besides the constant extragalactic and CMB components, the decays are stimulated by a Galactic radio emission with a spatial distribution that we empirically determine from observations. We compare the diffuse emission to the counterimages of the brightest
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Revisiting the implications of Liouville's theorem to the anisotropy of cosmic rays J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Cainã de Oliveira, Leonardo Paulo Maia, Vitor de Souza
We present a solution to Liouville's equation for an ensemble of charged particles propagating in magnetic fields. The solution is presented using an expansion in spherical harmonics of the phase space density, allowing a direct interpretation of the distribution of arrival directions of cosmic rays. The results are found for chosen conditions of variability and source distributions. We show there
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Enhancing CMB map reconstruction and power spectrum estimation with convolutional neural networks J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Belén Costanza, Claudia G. Scóccola, Matías Zaldarriaga
The accurate reconstruction of Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) maps and the measurement of its power spectrum are crucial for studying the early universe. In this paper, we implement a convolutional neural network to apply the Wiener Filter to CMB temperature maps, and use it intensively to compute an optimal quadratic estimation of the power spectrum. Our neural network has a UNet architecture as
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Parameter space of leptogenesis in polynomial inflation J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Manuel Drees, Yong Xu
Polynomial inflation is a very simple and well motivated scenario. A potential with a concave “almost” saddle point at field value ϕ = ϕ 0 fits well the cosmic microwave background (CMB) data and makes testable predictions for the running of the spectral index and the tensor to scalar ratio. In this work we analyze leptogenesis in the polynomial inflation framework. We delineate the allowed parameter
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Scalar gravitational waves can be generated even without direct coupling between Dark Energy and ordinary matter J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Li-Ying Chou, Yi-Zen Chu, Yen-Wei Liu
We point out, the scalar sector of gravitational perturbations may be excited by an isolated astrophysical system immersed in a universe whose accelerated expansion is not due to the cosmological constant, but due to extra field degrees of freedom. This is true even if the source of gravitational radiation did not couple directly to these additional fields. We illustrate this by considering a universe
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Towards galaxy cluster models in Aether-Scalar-Tensor theory: isothermal spheres and curiosities J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 A. Durakovic, C. Skordis
The Aether-Scalar-Tensor (AeST) theory is an extension of General Relativity (GR) which can support Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) behaviour in its static weak-field limit, and cosmological evolution resembling ΛCDM. We consider static spherically symmetric weak-field solutions in this theory and show that the resulting equations can be reduced to a single equation for the gravitational potential
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Evaporation barrier for dark matter in celestial bodies J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Javier F. Acevedo, Rebecca K. Leane, Juri Smirnov
The minimum testable dark matter (DM) mass for almost all DM signatures in celestial bodies is determined by the rate at which DM evaporates. DM evaporation has previously been calculated assuming a competition between the gravitational potential of the object, and thermal kicks from the celestial-body matter. We point out a new effect, where mediators with a range larger than the interparticle spacing
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The H 0 trouble: confronting non-thermal dark matter and phantom cosmology with the CMB, BAO, and Type Ia supernovae data J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Simony Santos da Costa, Dêivid R. da Silva, Álvaro S. de Jesus, Nelson Pinto-Neto, Farinaldo S. Queiroz
We have witnessed different values of the Hubble constant being found in the literature in the past years. Albeit, early measurements often result in an H 0 much smaller than those from late-time ones, producing a statistically significant discrepancy, and giving rise to the so-called Hubble tension. The trouble with the Hubble constant is often treated as a cosmological problem. However, the Hubble
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Cosmological collider signatures of Higgs-R2 inflation J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Yohei Ema, Sarunas Verner
We study the cosmological collider signatures in the Higgs-R 2 inflation model. We consider two distinct types of signals: one originating from the inflaton coupling to Standard Model fermions and gauge bosons, and another arising from the isocurvature mode interaction with the inflaton. In the former case, we determine that the signal magnitude is likely too small for detection by upcoming probes
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TDiff invariant field theories for cosmology J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Antonio L. Maroto
We study scalar field theories invariant under transverse diffeomorphisms in cosmological contexts. We show that in the geometric optics approximation, the corresponding particles move along geodesics and contribute with the same active mass (energy) to the gravitational field as in Diff invariant theories. However, for low-frequency (super-Hubble) modes, the contributions to the energy-momentum tensor
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Correlations for an anisotropic polarized stochastic gravitational wave background in pulsar timing arrays J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Reginald Christian Bernardo, Guo-Chin Liu, Kin-Wang Ng
The recent compelling observation of the nanohertz stochastic gravitational wave background has brought to light a new galactic arena to test gravity. In this paper, we derive a formula for the most general expression of the stochastic gravitational wave background correlation that could be tested with pulsar timing and future square kilometer arrays. Our expressions extend the harmonic space analysis
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Axion cloud decay due to the axion-photon conversion with multi-pole background magnetic fields J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Yusuke Sakurai, Chul-Moon Yoo, Atsushi Naruko, Daisuke Yamauchi
We consider axion cloud decay due to the axion-photon conversion with multi-pole background magnetic fields. We focus on the ℓ = m = 1 and n = 2 mode for the axion field configuration since it has the largest growth rate associated with superradiant instability. Under the existence of a background multi-pole magnetic field, the axion field can be converted into the electromagnetic field through the
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Observations of orbiting hot spots around naked singularities J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Yiqian Chen, Peng Wang, Houwen Wu, Haitang Yang
Recently, it has been reported that photons can traverse naked singularities in the Janis-Newman-Winicour and Born-Infeld spacetimes when these singularities are appropriately regularized. In this paper, we investigate observational signatures of hot spots orbiting these naked singularities, with a focus on discerning them from black holes. In contrast to Schwarzschild black holes, we unveil the presence
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On the transition radiation interpretation of anomalous ANITA events J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Juan Ammerman-Yebra, Jaime Alvarez-Muñiz, Enrique Zas
The Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna (ANITA) detector has observed several radio pulses coming from the surface of the ice cap at the South Pole. These pulses were attributed to upward-going atmospheric particle showers instead of the downward-going showers induced by cosmic rays that exhibit a characteristic polarity inversion of the radio signal due to reflection in the ice. Coherent transition
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One-loop infrared rescattering by enhanced scalar fluctuations during inflation J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Jacopo Fumagalli, Sukannya Bhattacharya, Marco Peloso, Sébastien Renaux-Petel, Lukas T. Witkowski
We show that, whenever the perturbations of some field are excited during inflation by a physical process on sub-horizon scales, they unavoidably generate, even through gravitational interactions alone, a significant resonant IR cascade of power down to scales that are of the order of the horizon at that time (we denote these scales as near IR). We provide general analytic one-loop results for the
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Constraining gamma-ray lines from dark matter annihilation using Fermi-LAT and H.E.S.S. data J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Lucia Angel, Guillermo Gambini, Leticia Guedes, Farinaldo S. Queiroz, Vitor de Souza
Using 14 years of Fermi-LAT data and 10 years of H.E.S.S. observations in the direction of the galactic center, we derive limits on gamma-ray lines originated from dark matter annihilations for fermionic and scalar fields. We describe the dark matter annihilation into γγ or γZ final states in terms of effective operators and place limits on the energy scale as a function of the dark matter mass, taking
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Searches for neutrino counterparts of gravitational waves from the LIGO/Virgo third observing run with KM3NeT J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-09 S. Aiello, A. Albert, S. Alves Garre, Z. Aly, A. Ambrosone, F. Ameli, M. Andre, E. Androutsou, M. Anguita, L. Aphecetche, M. Ardid, S. Ardid, H. Atmani, J. Aublin, L. Bailly-Salins, Z. Bardačová, B. Baret, A. Bariego-Quintana, S. Basegmez du Pree, Y. Becherini, M. Bendahman, F. Benfenati, M. Benhassi, D.M. Benoit, E. Berbee, V. Bertin, S. Biagi, M. Boettcher, D. Bonanno, J. Boumaaza, M. Bouta, M. Bouwhuis
The KM3NeT neutrino telescope is currently being deployed at two different sites in the Mediterranean Sea. First searches for astrophysical neutrinos have been performed using data taken with the partial detector configuration already in operation. The paper presents the results of two independent searches for neutrinos from compact binary mergers detected during the third observing run of the LIGO
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Fast forward modelling of galaxy spatial and statistical distributions J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-09 Pascale Berner, Alexandre Refregier, Beatrice Moser, Luca Tortorelli, Luis Fernando Machado Poletti Valle, Tomasz Kacprzak
A forward modelling approach provides simple, fast and realistic simulations of galaxy surveys, without a complex underlying model. For this purpose, galaxy clustering needs to be simulated accurately, both for the usage of clustering as its own probe and to control systematics. We present a forward model to simulate galaxy surveys, where we extend the Ultra-Fast Image Generator to include galaxy clustering
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Bubble wall velocities with an extended fluid Ansatz J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-09 Gláuber C. Dorsch, Daniel A. Pinto
We compute the terminal bubble wall velocity during a cosmological phase transition by modelling non-equilibrium effects in the plasma with the so-called “extended fluid Ansatz”. A ϕ 6 operator is included in the Standard Model effective potential to mimic effects of new physics. Hydrodynamical heating of the plasma ahead of the bubble is taken into account. We find that the inclusion of higher order
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BCS in the sky: signatures of inflationary fermion condensation J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-09 Xi Tong, Yi Wang, Chen Zhang, Yuhang Zhu
We consider a Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS)-like model in the inflationary background. We show that with an axial chemical potential, the attractive quartic fermion self-interaction can lead to a BCS-like condensation. In the rigid-de Sitter (dS) limit of inflation where backreaction from the inflaton and graviton is neglected, we perform the first computation of the non-perturbative effective potential
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Bayesian analysis of a generalized Starobinsky model with reheating constraints J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-09 Francisco X. Linares Cedeño, Gabriel Germán, Juan Carlos Hidalgo
We study a generalization of the Starobinsky model adding a term of the form R 2p to the Einstien-Hilbert action. we take the power p as a parameter of the model and explore the constraints from CMB plus BAO data through a Bayesian analysis, thus exploring a range of values for the exponent parameter. We incorporate a reheating phase to the model through the background matter content (equation of state)
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Searching for Exploding black holes J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-09 Xavier Boluna, Stefano Profumo, Juliette Blé, Dana Hennings
The observation of the final stages of the evaporation of a light black hole, which Hawking referred to as “black hole explosion”, would offer critical insights on quantum gravity and high-energy physics phenomena. Here, we explore, review, and revisit the observational features and rates expected for nearby, light, evaporating black holes, and we assess and compare the expected sensitivity of a broad
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Supermassive primordial black holes from inflation J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-09 Dan Hooper, Aurora Ireland, Gordan Krnjaic, Albert Stebbins
There is controversy surrounding the origin and evolution of our universe's largest supermassive black holes (SMBHs). In this study, we consider the possibility that some of these black holes formed from the direct collapse of primordial density perturbations. Since the mass of a primordial black hole is limited by the size of the cosmological horizon at the time of collapse, these SMBHs must form
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Simulations of gravitational heating due to early matter domination J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Himanish Ganjoo, M. Sten Delos
In cosmologies with an early matter-dominated era (EMDE) prior to Big Bang nucleosynthesis, the boosted growth of small-scale matter perturbations during the EMDE leads to microhalo formation long before halos would otherwise begin to form. For a range of models, halos can even form during the EMDE itself. These halos would dissipate at the end of the EMDE, releasing their gravitationally heated dark
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Simultaneously probing the sound speed and equation of state of the early Universe with pulsar timing arrays J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Lang Liu, You Wu, Zu-Cheng Chen
Recently, several major pulsar timing array (PTA) collaborations have assembled strong evidence for the existence of a gravitational-wave background at frequencies around the nanohertz regime. Assuming that the PTA signal is attributed to scalar-induced gravitational waves, we jointly employ the PTA data from the NANOGrav 15-year data set, PPTA DR3, and EPTA DR2 to probe the conditions of the early
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The v R -philic scalar dark matter J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Xun-Jie Xu, Siyu Zhou, Junyu Zhu
Right-handed neutrinos (v R ) offer an intriguing portal to new physics in hidden sectors where dark matter (DM) may reside. In this work, we delve into the simplest hidden sector involving only a real scalar exclusively coupled to v R , referred to as the v R -philic scalar. We investigate the viability of the v R -philic scalar to serve as a DM candidate, under the constraint that the coupling of
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Observational bounds on extended minimal theories of massive gravity: new limits on the graviton mass J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Antonio De Felice, Suresh Kumar, Shinji Mukohyama, Rafael C. Nunes
In this work, we derive for the first time observational constraints on the extended Minimal Theory of Massive Gravity (eMTMG) framework in light of Planck-CMB data, geometrical measurements from Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO), Type Ia supernovae from the recent Pantheon+ samples, and also using the auto and cross-correlations cosmic shear measurements from KIDS-1000 survey. Given the great freedom
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Radial acceleration relation of galaxies with joint kinematic and weak-lensing data J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 T. Mistele, S. McGaugh, F. Lelli, J. Schombert, P. Li
We combine kinematic and gravitational lensing data to construct the Radial Acceleration Relation (RAR) of galaxies over a large dynamic range. We improve on previous weak-lensing studies in two ways. First, we compute stellar masses using the same stellar population model as for the kinematic data. Second, we introduce a new method for converting excess surface density profiles to radial accelerations
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Optimal map-making with singularities J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Zirui Zhang, Yiwen Wu, Yang Liu, Siyu Li, Hong Li, Hao Liu
In this work, we investigate the optimal map-making technique for the linear system d = Ax + n while carefully taking into account singularities that may come from either the covariance matrix C = ⟨nn t ⟩ or the main matrix A. We first describe the general optimal solution, which is quite complex, and then use the modified pseudo inverse to create a near-optimal solution, which is simple, robust, and
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Backreaction of axion-SU(2) dynamics during inflation J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Oksana Iarygina, Evangelos I. Sfakianakis, Ramkishor Sharma, Axel Brandenburg
We consider the effects of backreaction on axion-SU(2) dynamics during inflation. We use the linear evolution equations for the gauge field modes and compute their backreaction on the background quantities numerically using the Hartree approximation. We show that the spectator chromo-natural inflation attractor is unstable when back-reaction becomes important. Working within the constraints of the
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Scrutinizing coupled vector dark energy in light of data J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Wilmar Cardona, Jose L. Palacios-Córdoba, César A. Valenzuela-Toledo
Since current challenges faced by ΛCDM might be hinting at new unravelled physics, here we investigate a plausible cosmological model where a vector field acts as source of dark energy. In particular, we examine whether an energy-momentum exchange between dark energy and dark matter could provide an explanation for current discrepancies in cosmological parameters. We carefully work out equations governing
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A constrained NILC method for CMB B mode observations J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Zirui Zhang, Yang Liu, Si-Yu Li, Haifeng Li, Hong Li
The Internal Linear Combination (ILC) method is commonly employed to extract the cosmic microwave background (CMB) signal from multi-frequency observation maps. However, the performance of the ILC method tends to degrade when the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is relatively low, particularly when measuring the primordial B-modes to detect the primordial gravitational waves. To address this issue, an enhanced
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Entanglement in cosmology J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 K. Boutivas, D. Katsinis, G. Pastras, N. Tetradis
We compute the evolution of the entanglement entropy for a massless field within a spherical region throughout the inflationary period and the subsequent era of radiation domination, starting from the Bunch-Davies vacuum. In order to focus on the entanglement of modes that are directly accessible to observations, we impose an ultraviolet cutoff set by the wavelength of the last mode that exited the
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A stacked search for spatial coincidences between IceCube neutrinos and radio pulsars J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Vibhavasu Pasumarti, Shantanu Desai
We carry out a stacked search for spatial coincidences between all the known radio pulsars and TeV neutrinos from the IceCube 10 year (2008–2018) muon track data, as a followup to our previous work on searching for spatial coincidences with individual pulsars. We consider three different weighting schemes to stack the contributions from each pulsar. We do not find a statistically significant excess
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Induced gravitational waves from non-attractor inflation and NANOGrav data J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Amin Nassiri-Rad, Kosar Asadi
In this paper, we investigate the scalar-induced gravitational waves in single-field non-attractor inflation for the Pulsar Timing Arrays data. Our model comprises three phases of inflation: the first and third phases are slow-roll inflation, while the second phase is a period of non-attractor inflation. We analyze the model's predictions for various values of the sound speed cs and examine the sharp
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Misalignment production of vector boson dark matter from axion-SU(2) inflation J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Tomohiro Fujita, Kai Murai, Kazunori Nakayama, Wen Yin
We present a new mechanism to generate a coherently oscillating dark vector field from axion-SU(2) gauge field dynamics during inflation. The SU(2) gauge field acquires a nonzero background sourced by an axion during inflation, and it acquires a mass through spontaneous symmetry breaking after inflation. We find that the coherent oscillation of the dark vector field can account for dark matter in the
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Thermalization and annihilation of dark matter in neutron stars J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Nicole F. Bell, Giorgio Busoni, Sandra Robles, Michael Virgato
The capture of dark matter, and its subsequent annihilation, can heat old, isolated neutron stars. In order for kinetic heating to be achieved, the captured dark matter must undergo sufficient scattering to deposit its kinetic energy in the star. We find that this energy deposit typically occurs quickly, for most of the relevant parameter space. In order for appreciable annihilation heating to also
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Self-calibrating BAO measurements in the presence of small displacement interlopers J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Alan B.H. Nguyen, Elena Massara, Will J. Percival
Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) observations offer a robust method for measuring cosmological expansion. However, the BAO signal in a sample of galaxies can be diluted and shifted by interlopers — galaxies that have been assigned the wrong redshifts. Because of the slitless spectroscopic method adopted by the Roman and Euclid space telescopes, the galaxy samples resulting from single line detections
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Accurate computation of the screening of scalar fifth forces in galaxies J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Clare Burrage, Bradley March, Aneesh P. Naik
Screening mechanisms allow light scalar fields to dynamically avoid the constraints that come from our lack of observation of a long-range fifth force. Galactic scale tests are of particular interest when the light scalar is introduced to explain the dark matter or dark energy that dominates our cosmology. To date, much of the literature that has studied screening in galaxies has described screening
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Experimental determination of axion signal power of dish antennas and dielectric haloscopes using the reciprocity approach J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 J. Egge, M. Ekmedžić, A. Gardikiotis, E. Garutti, S. Heyminck, C. Kasemann, S. Knirck, M. Kramer, C. Krieger, D. Leppla-Weber, S. Martens, E. Öz, N. Salama, A. Schmidt, H. Wang, G. Wieching
The reciprocity approach is a powerful method to determine the expected signal power of axion haloscopes in a model-independent way. Especially for open and broadband setups like the MADMAX dielectric haloscope the sensitivity to the axion field is difficult to calibrate since they do not allow discrete eigenmode analysis and are optically too large to fully simulate. The central idea of the reciprocity
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PTOLEMY's test of generalized neutrino interactions: unveiling challenges and constraints J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Indra Kumar Banerjee, Ujjal Kumar Dey, Newton Nath, Saadat Salman Shariff
Unanswered questions surrounding neutrinos have motivated investigations into physics beyond the standard model (SM) of particle physics. In particular, generalized neutrino interactions (GNI) provide a broader framework for studying these effects compared to the commonly studied non-standard neutrino interactions. These interactions are described by higher dimensional operators while maintaining the
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Prospects of detecting deviations to Kerr geometry with radiation reaction effects in EMRIs J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Abhishek Chowdhuri, Arpan Bhattacharyya, Shailesh Kumar
Direct detection of gravitational waves and binary black hole mergers have proven to be remarkable investigations of general relativity. In order to have a definitive answer as to whether the black hole spacetime under test is the Kerr or non-Kerr, one requires accurate mapping of the metric. Since EMRIs are perfect candidates for space-based detectors, Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) observations
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Thin and thick bubble walls II: expansion in the wall width J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Ariel Mégevand, Federico Agustín Membiela
We study the dynamics of a cosmological bubble wall beyond the approximation of an infinitely thin wall. In a previous paper, we discussed the range of validity of this approximation and estimated the first-order corrections due to the finite width. Here, we introduce a systematic method to obtain the wall equation of motion and its profile at each order in the wall width. We discuss in detail the
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Extending preferred axion models via heavy-quark induced early matter domination J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Andrew Cheek, Jacek K. Osiński, Leszek Roszkowski
We examine the cosmological consequences of the heavy quarks in KSVZ-type axion models. We find that their presence often causes an early matter domination phase, altering the evolution of the Universe. This extends the axion mass into the region where standard cosmology leads to overproduction, and allows for a greater number of axion models with non-renormalizable terms to be viable. Quantitatively
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Honing cross-correlation tools for inference on ultra-high-energy cosmic-ray composition J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Konstantinos Tanidis, Federico R. Urban, Stefano Camera
The chemical composition of the highest-energy cosmic rays, namely the atomic number Z of rays with energies E ≳ 40 EeV, remains to date largely unknown. Some information on the composition can be inferred from the deflections that charged ultra-high-energy cosmic rays experience while they traverse intervening magnetic fields. Indeed, such deflections distort and suppress the original anisotropy in
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Erratum: Gravitational echoes of lepton number symmetry breaking with light and ultralight Majorons J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Andrea Addazi, Antonino Marcianò, António P. Morais, Roman Pasechnik, João Viana, Hao Yang
We rectify a typographical error in equation (3.14) from the original version of this article, pertaining to the effective Higgs-Majoron coupling, λ(0) JJh 1 , expressed in the mass eigenbasis. Notably, the same error persisted in the computational routines used in our work. This oversight resulted in a discrepancy in the numerical calculation of the invisible Higgs decay branching fraction, Br(h 1
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Primordial non-Gaussianities with weak lensing: information on non-linear scales in the Ulagam full-sky simulations J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Dhayaa Anbajagane, Chihway Chang, Hayden Lee, Marco Gatti
Primordial non-Gaussianities (PNGs) are signatures in the density field that encode particle physics processes from the inflationary epoch. Such signatures have been extensively studied using the Cosmic Microwave Background, through constraining their amplitudes, fX NL, with future improvements expected from large-scale structure surveys; specifically, the galaxy correlation functions. We show that