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Gut bacteria can break down cholesterol Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Irene Fernández-Ruiz
A new study identifies a group of gut bacteria that can metabolize cholesterol and are associated with lower plasma cholesterol levels.
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Canonical and non-canonical roles of complement in atherosclerosis Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Pasquale Maffia, Claudio Mauro, Ayden Case, Claudia Kemper
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Cardiovascular disease and cancer: shared risk factors and mechanisms Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Nicholas S. Wilcox, Uri Amit, Jacob B. Reibel, Eva Berlin, Kendyl Howell, Bonnie Ky
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Uncovering atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease by PET imaging Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Alexander Maier, Abraham J. P. Teunissen, Sheqouia A. Nauta, Esther Lutgens, Zahi A. Fayad, Mandy M. T. van Leent
Assessing atherosclerosis severity is essential for precise patient stratification. Specifically, there is a need to identify patients with residual inflammation because these patients remain at high risk of cardiovascular events despite optimal management of cardiovascular risk factors. Molecular imaging techniques, such as PET, can have an essential role in this context. PET imaging can indicate
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Small extracellular vesicles from the infarcted heart can promote tumour growth Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Karina Huynh
After myocardial infarction, the heart secretes small extracellular vesicles with pro-neoplastic properties that can accelerate tumour growth when taken up by cancer cells.
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Alain Cribier (1945–2024) Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Martine Gilard, William Wijns
Gilard and Wijns reflect on the life of Alain Cribier, who revolutionized the management of patients with valvular disease.
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Interventional thrombus modification in STEMI Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Jason L. Walsh, Rafail A. Kotronias, Adrian P. Banning, Giovanni Luigi De Maria
In ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, the role of interventional modification of thrombi in the coronary arteries before stenting is controversial. However, innovations in stroke intervention have sparked renewed interest in thrombus modification approaches. We discuss current and emerging techniques to extract or disperse thrombi, aiming to reduce downstream embolization, microvascular obstruction
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A newly identified gut hormone suppresses cholesterol production in the liver Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Irene Fernández-Ruiz
A new study identifies a hormone that is secreted by the gut in response to cholesterol absorption and can inhibit cholesterol synthesis in the liver, which prevents an increase in circulating cholesterol levels.
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Contemporary pharmacological treatment and management of heart failure Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Biykem Bozkurt
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Optimizing antithrombotic therapy in patients with coexisting cardiovascular and gastrointestinal disease Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Azita H. Talasaz, Parham Sadeghipour, Luis Ortega-Paz, Hessam Kakavand, Maryam Aghakouchakzadeh, Craig Beavers, John Fanikos, John W. Eikelboom, Deborah M. Siegal, Manuel Monreal, David Jimenez, Muthiah Vaduganathan, Lana A. Castellucci, Adam Cuker, Geoffrey D. Barnes, Jean M. Connors, Eric A. Secemsky, Benjamin W. Van Tassell, Raffaele De Caterina, Jacob E. Kurlander, Ali Aminian, Gregory Piazza,
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Long-read sequencing provides insights into genetic influence Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Cara Trivett
In this Tools of the Trade article, Trivett discusses the potential of long-read sequencing in generating high-quality reference genomes of animal models of cardiovascular disease.
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Presence of microplastics in carotid plaques linked to cardiovascular events Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Karina Huynh
In patients with carotid artery disease, the presence of microplastics and nanoplastics in the carotid plaque is associated with an increased risk of death or major cardiovascular events compared with patients in whom microplastics and nanoplastics were not detected.
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Non-coding RNAs as therapeutic targets and biomarkers in ischaemic heart disease Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Andrea Caporali, Maryam Anwar, Yvan Devaux, Rajesh Katare, Fabio Martelli, Prashant Kumar Srivastava, Thierry Pedrazzini, Costanza Emanueli
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Protein glycosylation in cardiovascular health and disease Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 John C. Chatham, Rakesh P. Patel
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Imaging cAMP nanodomains in human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Camille Charrière
In this Tools of the Trade article, Charrière describes the FluoStep FRET-based biosensor used for high-resolution imaging of cAMP nanodomains that are involved in intracellular signalling in cardiomyocytes.
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Novel cardiovascular therapeutics and the risk of financial toxicity Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Alexander H. Gunn, Akshay Pendyal
Novel cardiovascular therapeutics have the potential to improve health outcomes, but financial toxicity from high out-of-pocket costs can limit the reach of these medications and worsen existing health disparities. Understanding the phenomenon of financial toxicity in treating cardiovascular disease is crucial to achieving health equity.
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Modelling pre-eclampsia and its cardiovascular effects Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Sol Olivera, Delyth Graham
In this Tools of the Trade article, Olivera describes a rat model of pre-elampsia that has been instrumental for investigating potential long-term cardiovascular effects in offspring.
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An epigenome editing approach induces durable silencing of Pcsk9 Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Irene Fernández-Ruiz
A new approach to modify the epigenome can lead to durable silencing of Pcsk9 in mice, thereby reducing plasma LDL-cholesterol levels, according to a study published in Nature.
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Tackling inflammation in atherosclerosis Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Mohsen Shoaran, Pasquale Maffia
Shoaran and Maffia recount how our understanding of the role of inflammation in atherosclerosis has evolved and highlight the study by Göran Hansson and colleagues that provided the first hint of the involvement of the adaptive immune response in atherosclerosis.
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Sex-related similarities and differences in responses to heart failure therapies Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Janice Y. Chyou, Hailun Qin, Javed Butler, Adriaan A. Voors, Carolyn S. P. Lam
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Cardiac memory: a phenomenon with important clinical implications Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Rebecca J. Gilchrist
Rebecca Gilchrist discusses the study that demonstrated the long-term modulation of ventricular repolarization by the sequence of electrical activation in the human heart and established the concept of cardiac memory.
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Metabolic product of excess niacin is linked to increased risk of cardiovascular events Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Gregory B. Lim
A metabolic product of excess niacin promotes vascular inflammation in preclinical models and is associated with increased rates of major adverse cardiovascular events in humans.
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Novel drug therapies for atrial fibrillation Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Felix Wiedmann, Constanze Schmidt
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Pulmonary vascular compliance predicts response to VAD support Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Karina Huynh
Using a porcine model of cardiogenic shock, Lamberti and colleagues develop a clinically accessible, patient-validated metric to assess pulmonary vascular compliance that can predict tolerance to left-sided ventricular assist device support.
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Heartbeat-induced pressure pulsations in cerebral arteries modulate neuronal activity Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 Karina Huynh
Heartbeat-induced pressure pulsations within arterial vessels in the brain can directly stimulate central neuronal activity by activating mechanosensitive channels in subsets of neurons, according to a study published in Science.
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Weight loss from surgery or drug therapy reduces blood pressure Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 Gregory B. Lim
Two studies indicate that a reduction in body mass index as a result of either bariatric surgery or pharmacological therapy is associated with a blood pressure-lowering effect.
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DYRK1A gene linked to heart defects in Down syndrome Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-07 Irene Fernández-Ruiz
A study shows that congenital heart defects in Down syndrome are in part caused by increased dosage of the DYRK1A gene, which lies on chromosome 21, leading to reduced proliferation and mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiomyocytes.
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Iron deficiency and supplementation in heart failure Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-07 Samira Lakhal-Littleton, John G. F. Cleland
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Ultra-processed foods and cardiovascular disease Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-30 Fernanda Rauber, Renata Bertazzi Levy
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Immune checkpoints in cardiac physiology and pathology: therapeutic targets for heart failure Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-26 Tamás G. Gergely, Zsófia D. Drobni, Marinos Kallikourdis, Han Zhu, Wouter C. Meijers, Tomas G. Neilan, Tienush Rassaf, Péter Ferdinandy, Zoltán V. Varga
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The role of the molecular autopsy in sudden cardiac death in young individuals Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-23 Julia C. Isbister, Christopher Semsarian
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Partial heart transplantation: a new option for paediatric heart valve replacement Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-23 Taufiek K. Rajab, Andrew D. Vogel, Joseph W. Turek
Heart valve replacement in newborn babies remains an unsolved problem because currently used heart valve implants do not grow. This lack of implant growth mandates serial re-operations until adult-size valve implants can be fitted. Partial heart transplantation is a new approach to solve this problem by transplanting only the part of the heart that contains the necessary valve.
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Fibroblast-like cells promote plaque stability in response to anti-IL-1β therapy Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-23 Gregory B. Lim
Anti-inflammatory therapy involving IL-1β inhibition might reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in individuals with clonal haematopoiesis by increasing the number of fibroblast-like cells in the fibrous cap region of atherosclerotic plaques, thereby stabilizing the plaque and reducing the likelihood of rupture.
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Specialized pro-resolving mediators in vascular inflammation and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-12 Gabrielle Fredman, Charles N. Serhan
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Atherosclerotic plaque stabilization and regression: a review of clinical evidence Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-04 Ashish Sarraju, Steven E. Nissen
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Improving medication adherence in cardiovascular disease Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-03 Adam J. Nelson, Neha J. Pagidipati, Hayden B. Bosworth
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Immune and inflammatory mechanisms in hypertension Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-03 Tomasz J. Guzik, Ryszard Nosalski, Pasquale Maffia, Grant R. Drummond
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Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction in post-COVID-19 syndrome: a major health-care burden Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-02 Artur Fedorowski, Alessandra Fanciulli, Satish R. Raj, Robert Sheldon, Cyndya A. Shibao, Richard Sutton
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RNA-binding proteins in cardiovascular biology and disease: the beat goes on Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-02 Mirko Völkers, Thomas Preiss, Matthias W. Hentze
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Programmed death of macrophages in atherosclerosis: mechanisms and therapeutic targets Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-02 Guido R. Y. De Meyer, Michelle Zurek, Pauline Puylaert, Wim Martinet
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Bone marrow adipocytes support fatty acid metabolism during MI-mediated emergency haematopoiesis Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-19 Karina Huynh
During myocardial infarction, haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells increase fatty acid oxidation, and bone marrow adipocytes can act as a local energy resource for these cells.
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Left atrial appendage occlusion Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-19 Jacqueline Saw
Left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) has been rapidly adopted for stroke prevention in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and a contraindication to oral anticoagulation. Ongoing and planned clinical trials on LAAO and the development of new devices might expand clinical indications and address the remaining challenges of device-related thrombus and peridevice leak.
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Photoacoustic method enables deep imaging of blood flow Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Irene Fernández-Ruiz
A method named photoacoustic vector tomography now enables the quantification of haemodynamics in veins at depths of more than 5 mm below the skin surface, outperforming current pure optical modalities for deep haemodynamic imaging.
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Clonal expansion of CD8+ T cells in aged mice linked to pro-atherogenic phenotype Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-08 Karina Huynh
In aged mice, but not young mice, with atherosclerosis, depletion of CD8+ T cells significantly reduces atherosclerotic lesion size and necrotic core area.
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Levothyroxine supplementation does not improve heart transplantation from brain-dead donors Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-08 Gregory B. Lim
The use of intravenous levothyroxine does not increase the likelihood of hearts being transplanted from haemodynamically unstable, brain-dead potential donors, suggesting that current practice recommendations should be revised.
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Not a spectator sport: improving participation of Black patients in cardiovascular clinical trials Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 LaPrincess C. Brewer, Joshua J. Joseph
Representation of Black patients in cardiovascular clinical trials remains dismally low, reflective of systemic and structural barriers, which can lead to missed opportunities to meet community-identified needs, understand responses to medical therapies and improve cardiovascular care. Innovative, multilevel strategies focused on Black communities are warranted to increase enrolment of this population
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Mosaic loss of chromosome Y and cardiovascular disease Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-06 Soichi Sano, Kenneth Walsh
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Anticoagulation in patients with atrial high-rate episodes Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Tatjana Potpara, Carina Blomstrom-Lundqvist
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Base editing therapy corrects long QT syndrome in mice Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-05 Irene Fernández-Ruiz
Gene therapy involving adenine base editing can correct a pathogenic variant in the Scn5a gene and alleviate arrhythmia phenotypes in a mouse model of long QT syndrome type 3.
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The case for eliminating racial and ethnic cardiovascular disparities in the USA Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-05 Keith C. Ferdinand
Racial and ethnic disparities in cardiovascular health in the USA result in a persistent mortality gap between white and Black individuals, increase health-care costs and compromise an egalitarian society. Solutions to racial inequities require risk factor control and the implementation of evidence-based medicine and anti-racism policies. Overcoming these disparities is not only a practical necessity
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PCI for stable angina Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-30 Gregory B. Lim
In the ORBITA-2 trial, percutaneous coronary intervention was associated with a lower angina symptom score compared with a placebo procedure in patients with stable angina who were receiving minimal or no antianginal medication.
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Non-invasive ultrasound therapy for calcified aortic valve stenosis Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-30 Karina Huynh
In patients with severe calcified aortic valve stenosis, treatment with transthoracically delivered non-invasive ultrasound is safe and improves valve function.
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MINT trial signals potential benefit of liberal transfusion strategy in MI with anaemia Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-30 Irene Fernández-Ruiz
A liberal strategy of blood transfusion might improve outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction and anaemia, according to results from the MINT trial.
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New insights into dietary cholesterol absorption Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Jennifer Harman
Aster proteins are involved in the non-vesicular transport of cholesterol derived from dietary lipids in the small intestine from the plasma membrane to the endoplasmic reticulum in enterocytes.
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SELECT shows cardiovascular risk reduction with weight-loss drug semaglutide in people without diabetes Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-30 Irene Fernández-Ruiz
Treatment with the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist semaglutide, administered subcutaneously at a dose of 2.4 mg once per week, reduces the risk of major cardiovascular events by 20% compared with placebo in patients who are overweight or obese and with pre-existing cardiovascular disease but without diabetes mellitus, according to findings from the SELECT trial.
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Self-monitoring strategy reduces postpartum hypertension and cardiac remodelling Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Karina Huynh
In women with elevated levels of blood pressure during pregnancy, the use of a physician-guided remote telemonitoring programme during the postpartum period improves BP control, according to findings from the POP-HT trial.
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Aspirin exclusion in patients with an LVAD Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-27 Gregory B. Lim
Data from the ARIES-HM3 trial show that excluding aspirin from the antithrombotic regimen in patients with advanced heart failure and a left ventricular assist device reduces the number of bleeding events and does not increase the risk of thromboembolism.
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Coronary microvascular obstruction and dysfunction in patients with acute myocardial infarction Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-24 Mattia Galli, Giampaolo Niccoli, Gianluigi De Maria, Salvatore Brugaletta, Rocco A. Montone, Rocco Vergallo, Stefano Benenati, Giulia Magniani, Domenico D’Amario, Italo Porto, Francesco Burzotta, Antonio Abbate, Dominick J. Angiolillo, Filippo Crea
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Long non-coding RNAs in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure: functions, mechanisms and clinical prospects Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-20 John D. Mably, Da-Zhi Wang
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Explaining how a cardiac reflex causes syncope Nat. Rev. Cardiol. (IF 49.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 Gregory B. Lim
Activation of a specific set of vagal sensory neurons connecting the ventricular wall of the heart to the area postrema in the brainstem causes mice to faint. This finding defines a cardiac reflex that recapitulates characteristics of human syncope.