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Deciphering the complex interplay between physical activity, inflammatory bowel disease and obesity/BMl through causal inference and mediation analyses medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-04-15 Minjing Chang, Yuhui Zhao, Jun Qiao, Hongxia Li, Linlin Jia, Kaixin Yao, Nan Li, Peifeng He
Background and Aims Observational studies on the association between physical activity (PA) and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), including Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), report inconsistent results. Moreover, the underlying mediator between PA and IBDs remains unknown. We aimed to investigate the causal effect of PA on IBD and the role of BMI as a mediator between PA and IBD.
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Novel genetic insights into the roles of amino acids in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-04-12 Jun Liu, Yuxuan Chen, Jin Qian, Ri Cui, Ayse Demirkan, Yihu Zheng
Background Previous research has suggested potential links between amino acids and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), but the precise roles of amino acids in MASLD development are not well understood. This study aimed to obtain insights into the relationships between circulating amino acids and MASLD.
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Limited Validity of Mayo Endoscopic Subscore in Ulcerative Colitis with Concomitant Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Pavel Wohl, Alzbeta Krausova, Petr Wohl, Ondrej Fabian, Lukas Bajer, Jan Brezina, Pavel Drastich, Mojmír Hlavaty, Petra Novotna, Michal Kahle, Julius Spicak, Martin Gregor
Background and Aims Ulcerative colitis (UC) with concomitant primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) represents a distinct disease entity (PSC-UC). Mayo endoscopic subscore (MES) is a standard tool for assessing disease activity in UC but its relevance in PSC-UC remains unclear. Here, we sought to compare MES in a cohort of UC and PSC-UC patients and assess the accuracy using histological activity scoring
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Pre-endoscopic screening of precancerous lesions in gastric cancer using deep learning medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-04-09 Lan Wang, Qian Zhang, Peng Zhang, Bowen Wu, Shiyu Du, Kaiqiang Tang, Shao Li
Objective Given the high cost of endoscopy in gastric cancer (GC) screening, there is an urgent need to explore cost-effective methods for the large-scale prediction of precancerous lesions of gastric cancer (PLGC). We aim to construct a hierarchical artificial intelligence-based multimodal non-invasive method for pre-endoscopic risk screening, to provide tailored recommendations for endoscopy.
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CLINICAL SAMPLING OF SMALL INTESTINE LUMINAL CONTENT FOR MICROBIOME MULTI-OMICS ANALYSIS: A PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF THE SMALL INTESTINE MICROBIOME ASPIRATION (SIMBA) CAPSULE AND BENCHMARKING AGAINST ENDOSCOPY medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-04-07 Gang Wang, Cedoljub Bundalovic-Torma, Sharanya Menon, Sabina Bruehlmann, Lynn Wilsack, Renata Rehak, Sahar Bagheri, Mohammad M. Banoei, Lawrence Lou, Yasmin Nasser, Matthew Woo, Ian Lewis, Kathy D. McCoy, Christopher N. Andrews
Objective The small intestine (SI) microbiome is increasingly implicated in both functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders and a wide range of systemic diseases. However, owing to limitations of traditional GI sampling approaches, the SI remains challenging to directly access on a large scale. This work presents the Small Intestinal MicroBiome Aspiration Capsule (SIMBA) as an effective means for sampling
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Using Deep Learning to Automate Eosinophil Counting in Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis Histopathological Images medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-04-05 James Reigle, Oscar Lopez-Nunez, Erik Drysdale, Dua Abuquteish, Xiaoxuan Liu, Juan Putra, Lauren Erdman, Anne M. Griffiths, Surya Prasath, Iram Siddiqui, Jasbir Dhaliwal
Background Accurate identification of inflammatory cells from mucosal histopathology images is important in diagnosing ulcerative colitis. The identification of eosinophils in the colonic mucosa has been associated with disease course. Cell counting is not only time-consuming but can also be subjective to human biases. In this study we developed an automatic eosinophilic cell counting tool from mucosal
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Spatially and Temporally Precise Microbiome Profiling in the Small Intestine using the SIMBA Capsule with X-ray tracking medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Gang Wang, Sharanya Menon, Lynn Wilsack, Renata Rehak, Lawrence Lou, Christian Turbide, Jeremie Auger, Annie Tremblay, Olivier Mathieu, Sylvie Binda, Thomas A Tompkins, Sabina Bruehlmann, Christopher N Andrews
Few minimally invasive options for sampling the small intestinal (SI) luminal fluid exist to study the SI microbiota in health and disease. To address the lack of tools and methods to study GI regions that are difficult to access, Nimble Science developed a fully autonomous and passive sampling method, the Small Intestine MicroBiome Aspiration (SIMBATM) capsule, for convenient, high-quality, and reliable
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A CRISPR mediated point-of-care assay for the detection of mucosal calprotectin in an animal model of ulcerative colitis medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Selena Chia, Tianruo Guo, Ewa M. Goldys, Sophie C. Payne, Nigel H. Lovell, Mohit N. Shivdasani, Fei Deng
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disorder associated with inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract, leading to a range of debilitating symptoms. Fecal calprotectin is an established biomarker for ulcerative colitis (UC), one of the main IBD diseases, which provides indications of the presence and severity of inflammation in the digestive tract. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
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Multi-species co-circulation of adenoviruses identified by next generation sequencing during an outbreak in coastal Kenya in 2023 medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-03-26 ARNOLD W. LAMBISIA, Martin Mutunga, Esther N. Katama, Charles N Agoti, Charlotte J. Houldcroft
Background Although seven human adenovirus (HAdV) species are known to exist, only F (types 40 and 41) and G, are identified as diarrhoeal disease agents. The role of other HAdV species in diarrhoeal disease remains unclear and data of their prevalence is limited. We describe HAdV species and types in hospitalised children with diarrhoea in coastal Kenya. Methods 329 stool samples collected between
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Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Colonoscopy Wait Times by Procedure Indication medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Melina Thibault, Alan Barkun, Myriam Martel, Alton W. Russell
Background: Patients are referred for colonoscopy for symptom assessment, screening, and surveillance. Public health measures to mitigate the spread of the COVID−19 pandemic disrupted services and increased patient delays for colonoscopy services in Quebec. The differential impact of these interruptions by colonoscopy indication is largely unknown. Methods: Using 2018−2022 retrospective clinical data
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Ischemia promotes hypertrophic nerve trunk formation and enteric neuron cell death in Hirschsprung's disease medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Deshu Xu, Weiwei Liang, Chaoting Lan, Lanying Li, Weiyong Zhong, Meng Yao, Xiaoyu Zuo, Jixiao Zeng, Wei Zhong, Qiang Wu, Andrew Lew, Wenhao Zhou, Huimin Xia, Fan Bai, Yuxia Zhang, Yan Zhang
Objective: Enteric nervous system dysfunction is linked to digestive and neurological disorders. Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR) is characterized by the loss of enteric neuron cells (ENCs) in the distal colon. Embryonic enteric neural crest cell (ENCC) migration defects contribute to HSCR development in some infants, but postnatal factors that regulate ENC fate are undetermined. We sought to establish
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Non-endoscopic screening for Barrett's esophagus and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma in at risk Veterans medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Katarina B. Greer, Andrew E. Blum, Ashley L. Faulx, Erica M. Deming, Lauren L. Hricik, Hinnah Siddiqui, Brigid M. Wilson, Amitabh Chak
Background: While rates of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma (EAC) in the US continue to rise, many patients at risk of disease are not screened. EsoCheck (EC), a non-endoscopic esophageal balloon sampling device coupled with EsoGuard (EG), a DNA based screening assay, is an FDA-approved minimally invasive alternative to the traditional screening method of upper endoscopy. Aim: Aim To prospectively determine
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Colorectal cancer screening based on predicted risk: a pilot randomized controlled trial medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Ekaterina Plys, Jean-Luc Bulliard, Aziz Chaouch, Marie-Anne Durand, Luuk van Duuren, Karen Brandle, Reto Auer, Florian Froehlich, Iris Lansdorp-Vogelaar, Douglas A Corley, Kevin Selby
Background & Aims: Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening relies primarily on colonoscopy and fecal immunochemical testing (FIT). Aligning utilization of these options with individual CRC risk (i.e. personalized screening) may maximize benefit with lower risks, individual burdens, and societal costs. We studied the effect of communicating personalized CRC risk and corresponding screening recommendations
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Circulating SFRP5 levels are elevated in colorectal cancer and correlate with overall survival in stage II-III disease medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Runhao Li, Saifei Liu, Kenny Yeo, Suzanne Edwards, Man Ying Li, Ryan Santos, Sima Kianpour Rad, Fangmeinuo Wu, Guy Maddern, Joanne Young, Yoko Tomita, Amanda Townsend, Kevin Fenix, Ehud Hauben, Timothy Price, Eric Smith
Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 5 (SFRP5) modulates Wnt signalling pathways, affecting diverse biological processes. We assessed the diagnostic and prognostic value of circulating SFRP5 (cSFRP5) in colorectal cancer (CRC). Plasma cSFRP5 concentrations were measured using ELISA in healthy donors (n=133), individuals diagnosed with CRC (n=449), colorectal polyps (n=85), and medical conditions in other
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Decreases in liver cT1 accurately reflect histological improvement induced by therapies in MASH: a multi-centre pooled cohort analysis. medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Naim Alkhouri, Cayden Beyer, Elizabeth Shumbayawonda, Anneli Andersson, Kitty Yale, Timothy Rolph, Raymund Chung, Raj Vuppalanchi, Kenneth Cusi, Rohit Loomba, Andrea Dennis, Michele Pansini
Background & Aims: Iron corrected T1 (cT1) is an MRI derived biomarker of liver disease activity. Emerging data suggest a change in cT1 of >= 80 ms reflects histological improvement. We aimed to validate the association between the >= 80 ms decline in cT1 and histological improvement, specifically the resolution of MASH. Methods: A retrospective analysis of study participants from three interventional
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Fetal-maternal interactions with gluten immunogenic peptides during pregnancy: a new determinant on the coeliac exposome medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Maria de Lourdes Moreno Amador, Maria Gonzalez Rovira, Cristina Martinez Pancorbo, Maria Martin Camean, Ana Maria Najar Moyano, Mercedes Romero Cabezas, Esther de la Hoz, Cristina Lopez Beltran, Encarnacion Mellado Duran, Jose Luis Bartha Rasero, Petter Brodin, Alfonso Rodriguez Herrera, Jose Antonio Sainz Bueno, Carolina Sousa Martin
The increasing incidence of coeliac disease is leading to a growing interest in active search for associated factors, even the intrauterine and early life. The exposome approach to disease encompasses a lifecourse perspective from conception onwards has recently been highlighted. Knowledge of early exposure to gluten immunogenic peptides (GIP) in utero could challenge the chronology of early prenatal
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An Integrated Neural Network and Evolutionary Algorithm Approach for Liver Fibrosis Staging: Can Artificial Intelligence Reduce Patient Costs? medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Ali Nazarizadeh, Touraj Banirostam, Taraneh Biglari, Mohammadreza Kalantarhormozi, Fatemeh Chichagi, Amir Hossein Behnoush, Mohammad Amin Habibi, Ramin Shahidi
Background: Liver fibrosis is important in terms of staging, and liver biopsy is the gold standard diagnostic tool. We aim to design and evaluate an artificial neural network (ANN) method by taking advantage of the Teaching Learning Based Optimization (TLBO) algorithm for the prediction of liver fibrosis stage in blood donors and hepatitis C. Method: We proposed a method based on a selection of machine
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Increased Risk of Cirrhosis in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Danish registry-based cohort study (1998-2018) medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Parakkal Deepak, Scott McHenry, Anastasia Karachalia Sandri, Maiara Brusco De Freitas, Mohammad Zamani, Andres J. Yarur, Tine Jess
Background and Aims Prior studies suggest an increased risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We aimed to investigate the risk of cirrhosis in a nationwide cohort of IBD patients compared to a matched non-IBD population. Methods Patients diagnosed with IBD without prior cirrhosis during 1998-2018 were identified in the Danish health registries
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IMPACT OF GEOSPATIAL FOOD ACCESS ON ACUTE PANCREATITIS OUTCOMES medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Ankit Chhoda, Marco Noriega, Tamara Kahan, Anabel Liyen-Cartelle, Kelsey Anderson, Shaharyar A. Zuberi, Miriam Olivares, Jill Kelly, Steven D. Freedman, Loren Rabinowitz, Sunil Sheth
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Food access is an important social determinant of health and refers to geographical and infrastructural aspects of food availability. Using publicly available data on food access from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), geospatial analyses can identify regions with variable food access, which may impact acute pancreatitis (AP), an acute inflammatory condition characterized
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Improvement of Survival Outcomes of Cholangiocarcinoma by Ultrasonography Surveillance: Multicenter Retrospective Cohorts medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-03-02 Nittaya Chamadol, Vallop Laopaiboon, Apiwat Jareanrat, Vasin Thanasukarn, Tharatip Srisuk, Vor Luvira, Poowanai Sarkhampee, Winai Ungpinitpong, Phummarat Khamvijite, Yutthapong Chumnanua, Nipath Nethuwakul, Passakorn Sodarat, Samrit Thammarit, Anchalee Techasen, Jaruwan Thuanman, Chaiwat Tawarungruang, Bandit Thinkhamrop, Prakasit Sa-Ngiamwibool, Watcharin Loilome, Piya Prajumwongs, Attapol Titapun
Introduction Most cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) patients present with late stage of disease because of the difficulty to diagnosis at an early stage, resulting in poor survival of CCA patients. The Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program showed that ultrasound screening was an effective tool for detecting early stage CCA. This study aims to evaluate the survival outcome of patients diagnosed by ultrasound
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GASTROINTESTINAL MUCOSAL DAMAGE AND SUBSEQUENT RISK OF PARKINSONS DISEASE medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-03-02 Jocelyn J Chang, Subhash Kulkarni, Trisha S Pasricha
Introduction: The gut-first hypothesis of Parkinsons Disease (PD) has gained traction, yet the inciting events triggering PD from gut-related factors remain unclear. While H. pylori infection is linked to peptic injury and is 1.47 times more prevalent in PD individuals, it is unknown how gastrointestinal mucosal damage (MD) may increase the risk of PD. We aimed to study the association between upper
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Clinical Diversity and Outcomes of Progressive Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis Diagnosed by Whole Genome Sequencing in Pakistani Children medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Huma Arshad Cheema, Aliaksandr Skrahin, Anjum Saeed, Zafar Fayyaz, Muhammad Arshad Alvi, Muhammad Nadeem Anjum, Nadia Waheed, Khalil Ur Rehman, Ahmad Malik, Arndt Rolfs, Volha Skrahina
This study analyzes 116 Pakistani children with Progressive Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis (PFIC), diagnosed with whole genome sequencing. PFIC3 was the predominant type (44.8%), followed by PFIC2 (24.1%), PFIC1 (16.4%), PFIC4 (12.9%), and PFIC5 (1.7%). Diverging from prior studies, we found a notable absence of pruritus in a quarter of PFIC1 and PFIC3 patients, and in one-third of those with PFIC2
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Investigation of the Association of Acute Pancreatitis Outcomes with Social Vulnerability Indicators medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Ankit Chhoda, Anabel Liyen-Cartelle, Marco Noriega, Tamara Kahan, Kelsey Anderson, Shaharyar A. Zuberi, Alana Sur, Miriam Olivares, Jill R. Kelly, Steven D. Freedman, Steven D. Freedman, Loren Rabinowitz, Sunil Sheth
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Geospatial analyses integrate location-based sociodemographic data, offering a promising approach to investigate the impact of social determinants on acute pancreatitis (AP) outcomes. This study aimed to examine the association of social vulnerability index (SVI) and its constituent 16 attributes in 4 domains: 1) socioeconomic status, 2) household composition and disability, 3)
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Demonstrating the Beneficial Effect of Low Protein Diet in Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis through a Randomized Clinical Trial and Multi-omics Data Analysis medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Xiaole Yin, Gila Sasson, Zheng Sun, Shanlin Ke, Demsina Babazadeh, Shaikh Danish Mahmood, Macie Andrews, Shelley Hurwitz, Tinashe Chikowore, Maia Paul, Nadine Javier, Malav Dave, Alexandra Austin, Linda Gray, Francene Steinberg, Elaine Souza, Christopher Bowlus, Yang-Yu Liu, Joshua Korzenik
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), a progressive cholestatic hepatobiliary disease characterized by inflammation and fibrosis of the bile ducts, has a pathophysiology that is not understood. No effective therapies exist. The only treatment option for PSC is liver transplant. We undertook a pilot randomized trial of diet to investigate the pathophysiology of the disease, the role of diet and to advance
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Sex hormones, obesity, and risk of cholecystectomy in men and women: a population-based prospective study and mediation analysis medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Jie-Qiong Lyu, Wei Jiang, Yi-Ping Jia, Meng-Yuan Miao, Jia-Min Wang, Hao-Wei Tao, Miao Zhao, Yong-Fei Hua, Guo-Chong Chen
Background: Obesity affects hormone metabolisms and contributes to gallstone disease more strongly in women than in men. This study assessed the sex-specific associations between serum levels of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and testosterone and risk of cholecystectomy, and their mediation role in the obesity-cholecystectomy association. Methods: Included were 176,909 men and 160,147 women from
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Audit of Impact of a Clinician & Patient Support Tool in a Nurse-led Clinic for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Service at Milton Keynes University Hospital medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Lianne Lewis, Callum Michie, Alexander Sheppard, Millicent Stone, George Macfaul, Joe Harrison
Objective This audit examines the impact of a recently-commissioned clinician and patient support tool, on care pathways for Inflammatory Bowel Disease patients at Milton Keynes University Hospital, on follow up appointments (including PIFUs), associated cost savings and patient and clinician engagement and experience. Design The audit was conducted using a retrospective, consecutive case review of
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Mucin 5AC is a sensitive surface marker for sessile serrated lesions: results from a systematic review and meta-analysis medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Kevin Liu, Moniyka Sachar, Violeta Popov, Zhiheng Pei, Giulio Quarta
Sessile serrated lesions (SSLs) are a class of colon polyps which are challenging to detect through current screening methods but are highly associated with colon cancer. We reasoned that a biomarker sensitive for SSLs would be clinically useful to improve detection. Recent endoscopic and histopathologic studies suggest that SSLs are associated with alterations in intestinal mucin expression but the
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Functional variation in human Carbohydrate-Active enZYmes (hCAZymes) in relation to the efficacy of a FODMAP-reducing diet in IBS patients medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Andreea Zamfir-Taranu, Britt-Sabina Loescher, Florencia Carbone, Abdullah Hoter, Cristina Esteban-Blanco, Isotta Bozzarelli, Leire Torices, Karen Routhiaux, Karen Van den Houte, Ferdinando Bonfiglio, Gabriele Mayr, Maura Corsetti, Hassan Y. Naim, Andre Franke, Jan Tack, Mauro D Amato
Objective: Limiting the dietary intake of carbohydrates poorly absorbed in the small intestine (FODMAPs) has therapeutic effects in some but not all irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients. We investigated genetic variation in human Carbohydrate-Active enZYmes (hCAZymes) genes in relation to the response to a FODMAP-lowering diet in the DOMINO study. Design: hCAZy polymorphism was studied in IBS patients
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TNF promoter hypomethylation is associated with mucosal inflammation in IBD and anti-TNF response medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-02-06 Daniel S. Levic, Donna Niedzwiecki, Apoorva Kandakatla, Norah S. Karlovich, Arjun Juneja, Jieun Park, Christina Stolarchuk, Shanté Adams, Jason R. Willer, Matthew R. Schaner, Grace Lian, Caroline Beasley, Lindsay Marjoram, Ann D. Flynn, John F. Valentine, Jane E. Onken, Shehzad Z. Sheikh, Erica E. Davis, Kimberley J. Evason, Katherine S. Garman, Michel Bagnat
Background and aims Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) are chronic inflammatory conditions influenced heavily by environmental factors. DNA methylation is a form of epigenetic regulation linking environmental stimuli to gene expression changes and inflammation. Here, we investigated how DNA methylation of the TNF promoter differs between inflamed and uninflamed mucosa of IBD patients, including anti-TNF
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Geldof Expert Consensus Classification of Perianal Fistulizing Crohn's Disease: A Real-World Application in a Serial Fistula MRI Cohort medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-02-04 Matthew K Schroeder, Suha Abushamma, Alvin T George, Ravella Balakrishna, John Hickman, Anusha Elumalai, Paul Wise, Maria Zulfiqar, Daniel R Ludwig, Anup Shetty, Satish E Viswanath, Chongliang Luo, Shaji Sebastian, David Ballard, Parakkal Deepak
Background and Aims: Perianal fistulizing Crohn's disease (CD-PAF) is an aggressive phenotype of Crohn's disease (CD) defined by frequent relapses and disabling symptoms. A novel consensus classification system was recently outlined by Geldof et al. that seeks to unify disease severity with patient-centered goals but has not yet been validated. We aimed to apply this to a real-world cohort and identify
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Impact of extended Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor therapy on the gut microbiome in cystic fibrosis medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Ryan Marsh, Claudio Dos Santos, Alexander Yule, Neele S Dellschaft, Caroline L Hoad, Christabella Ng, Giles Major, Alan R Smyth, Damian Rivett, Christopher van der Gast
Background: There is a paucity of knowledge on the longer-term effects of CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator therapies upon the gut microbiome and associated outcomes. In a pilot study, we investigated longitudinal Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor (ETI) therapy on the gut microbiota, metabolomic functioning, and clinical outcomes in people with CF (pwCF). Study design: Faecal samples
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Development and Validation of the Alimetry® Gut-Brain Wellbeing Survey: A novel patient-reported mental health scale for patients with chronic gastroduodenal symptoms medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Mikaela Law, Isabella Pickering, Gayl Humphrey, Gabrielle Sebaratnam, Gabriel Schamberg, Katie Simpson, Chris Varghese, Peng Du, Charlotte Daker, I-Hsuan Huang, Sahib Khalsa, Armen Gharibans, Gregory O'Grady, Christopher N Andrews, Stefan Calder
Objective: There is currently a lack of validated questionnaires designed specifically to assess mental health within patients with chronic gastroduodenal symptoms. This research describes the multi-phase process used to develop and validate a novel mental health scale for patients with chronic gastroduodenal symptoms, the Alimetry® Gut-Brain Wellbeing (AGBW) Survey. Methods: A patient-centred multi-phase
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Microbiota-Short Chain Fatty Acid Relationships and Microbial Substrate Preferences Vary Across the Spectrum of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Andrea Shin, Yue Xing, Mohammed Rayyan Waseem, Robert Siwiec, Toyia James-Stevenson, Nicholas Rogers, Matthew Bohm, John Wo, Carolyn Lockett, Anita Gupta, Jhalka Kadariya, Evelyn Toh, Rachel Anderson, Huiping Xu, Xiang Gao
Objective: Identifying microbial targets in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is challenged by dynamic microbiota-metabolite-host interactions. We aimed to assess microbial features associated with short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and determine if features were related to IBS symptoms, subtypes, and endophenotypes. Design: We performed an observational study of stool microbial metagenomes, stool SCFA, and
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A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis for Association of Celiac Disease and Thyroid Disorders medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-01-28 Fatemeh Hasani, Zahra Norouzi, Sima Besharat, Hesamaddin Shirzad-Aski, Somayeh Ghorbani, Masoud Mohammadi, Anahita Yadegari, Ali Kalhori
It is probable that people who have celiac disease (CD) are more likely to have thyroid disorders. A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to assess the link between thyroid disorders and CD. Articles were selected from PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Ovid, Embase, Cochrane, ProQuest, and Wiley from February 2022 and earlier. A meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the
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The Burden of Gallstone Disease in the United States Population medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-01-26 Aynur Unalp-Arida, Constance E Ruhl
Background and rationale. Gallstone disease is one of the most common digestive disorders in the United States and leads to significant morbidity, mortality, and health care utilization. We used national survey and claims databases to expand on earlier findings and investigate current trends in the gallstone disease burden in the United States. Methods. The National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey,
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Metagenomic analysis of colonic tissue and stool microbiome in patients with colorectal cancer in a South Asian population medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Bawantha Gamage, Diyanath Ranasinghe, Promoda Sahankumari, Gathsaurie Neelika Malavige
Objective: The gut microbiome is thought to play an important role in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, as the gut microbiome varies widely based on diet, we sought to investigate the gut microbiome changes in patients with CRC in a South Asian population. Design: The gut microbiome was assessed by 16s metagenomic sequencing targeting the V4 hypervariable region of the bacterial
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The lived experience of functional bowel disorders: a machine learning approach medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-01-23 James K Ruffle, Michelle Henderson, Cho Ee Ng, Trevor Liddle, Amy P. K. Nelson, Parashkev Nachev, Charles H Knowles, Yan Yiannakou
Objective: Functional bowel disorders (FBDs) are multi-dimensional diseases varying in demographics, symptomology, lifestyle, mental health, and susceptibility to treatment. The patient lived experience is an integration of these factors, best understood with appropriately multivariate models. Methods: In a large patient cohort (n=1175), we developed a machine learning framework to better understand
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Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis Treatment Response using Diagnostic Histopathology medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-01-23 Xiaoxuan Liu, Thomas Walters, Iram Siddiqui, Oscar Lopez-Nunez, Surya Prasath, Lee A Denson, PROTECT consortium, Jasbir Dhaliwal
Background and Aims: We previously reported clinical features associated with outcomes in pediatric ulcerative colitis (UC). Here we developed a histopathology model to predict corticosteroid-free remission (CSFR) on mesalamine therapy alone. Methods: Pre-treatment rectal biopsy slides were digitized in training and validation groups of 292 and 113 pediatric UC patients, respectively. Whole slide images
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Genetic Associations Between Celiac Disease and Type 2 Inflammatory Diseases: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-01-18 Mahmud Omar, Mohammad Omar, Saleh Nassar, Adi Lahat, Kassem Sharif
Background Celiac disease, a gluten-triggered autoimmune disorder, is known for its systemic inflammatory effects. Epidemiological data suggest an association with type 2 inflammatory diseases like asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis, however, genetic associations remain unclear, prompting this study to explore their potential genetic interplay.
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Global research trends in postoperative ileus from 2011 to 2023: A Scientometric study medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-01-15 Yan Zhou, Zi-Han Yin, Ming-Sheng Sun, Yang-Yang Wang, Chen Yang, Shu-Hao Li, Fan-Rong Liang, Fang Liu
Objective To explore the current status, trends, and frontiers of POI research from 2011 to the present based on bibliometric analysis.
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Prevalence and Factors Associated with Celiac Disease in High-Risk Patients with Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-01-12 Ari Fahrial Syam, Amanda Pitarini Utari, Nur Hamidah Hasanah, Almaarif Rizky, Murdani Abdullah
Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disease of the small intestine triggered by the consumption of gluten-containing foods in individuals with a genetic predisposition. CD was a rare disease until 20 years ago, when the prevalence increased. Currently, there is no data on the prevalence of CD in high-risk adult populations in Indonesia, even though there is a trend of increasing gluten consumption
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Associations of proton pump inhibitors with susceptibility to pneumonia, influenza, and COVID-19: evidence from a large population based cohort study medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2024-01-09 Ruijie Zeng, Yuying Ma, Lijun Zhang, Dongling Luo, Rui Jiang, Huihuan Wu, Zewei Zhuo, Qi Yang, Jingwei Li, Felix Leung, Chongyang Duan, Weihong Sha, Hao Chen, Hao Chen
Adverse effects of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) have raised wide concerns. The association of PPIs with influenza is unexplored, while that with pneumonia or COVID-19 remains controversial. Our study aims to evaluate whether PPI use increases the risks of these respiratory infections. The current study included 160,923 eligible participants at baseline who completed questionnaires on medication use
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Beta-blockers or Placebo for Primary Prophylaxis (BOPPP) of oesophageal varices: Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2023-12-24 Vishal C Patel, Mark J McPhail, Ruhama Uddin, Hassan Jafari, Vanessa Lawrence, Clair Le Boutillier, James Shearer, Nahel Yaziji, Angela Cape, Haroon Ahmed, Christopher Ward, Peter Walsh, Kevin Besly, Ane Zamalloa, Joanna Kelly, BOPPP study group, Ben Carter
Background Liver disease is within the top five causes of premature death in adults. Deaths caused by complications of cirrhosis continue to rise, while deaths related to other non-liver disease areas are declining. Portal hypertension, the primary sequalae of cirrhosis and is associated with the development of variceal haemorrhage, ascites, hepatic encephalopathy and infection, collectively termed
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Urine TIMP2.IGFBP7 reflects kidney injury after moderate volume paracentesis in patients with ascites: A randomized control study medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2023-12-24 Anuchit Suksamai, Sanpolpai Khaoprasert, Amnart Chaiprasert, Sakkarin Chirapongsathorn
Background Patients with cirrhosis undergoing therapeutic paracentesis are at risk of developing kidney injury, but this has not been well evaluated in a non-large volume paracentesis setting.
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Strain-level characterization of health-associated bacterial consortia that colonize the human gut during infancy medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Samuel S. Minot, Koshlan Mayer-Blackwell, Andrew Fiore-Gartland, Andrew Johnson, Steven Self, Parveen Bhatti, Lena Yao, Lili Liu, Xin Sun, Yi Jinfa, James Kublin
Background The human gut microbiome develops rapidly during infancy, a key window of development coinciding with maturation of the adaptive immune system. However, little is known of the microbiome growth dynamics over the first few months of life and whether there are any generalizable patterns across human populations. We performed metagenomic sequencing on stool samples (n=94) from a cohort of infants
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Monitoring for 5-aminosalicylate toxicity: prognostic model development and validation. medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Abhishek Abhishek, Georgina Nakafero, Matthew J Grainge, Tim Card, Maarten W Taal, Guruprasad Aithal, Christopher P Fox, Christain D Mallen, Stevenson D Matthew, Richard D Riley
Background and aim: To develop and validate a prognostic model for risk-stratified monitoring of 5-aminosalicylate (5-ASA) toxicity. Methods: This nationwide retrospective cohort study used data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) Aurum and Gold for model development and validation respectively. It included adults newly diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and established
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Comparative Analysis of the Duodenojejunal Microbiome with the oral and fecal microbiome unveils its role in Human Severe Obesity. medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Emilie Steinbach, Eugeni Belda, Rohia Alili, Solia Adriouch, Jejunal Luminal and Colonic Mucosa-Associated Microbiota in Metabolic Diseases (Je/Col-MiMe) Group, Benoit Chassaing, Tiphaine Le Roy, Karine Clement
The intestinal microbiota is recognised as an important player in the development and maintenance of obesity. Most studies focus on faecal microbiota because of its accessibility. However, the small intestine is a major site for nutrient sensing and absorption and few studies have examined the composition and function of the microbiota in this segment of the digestive tract. We conducted a clinical
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A plasma peptidomic signature reveals extracellular matrix remodeling and predicts prognosis in alcohol-related hepatitis medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2023-12-14 Khaled Sayed, Christine E. Dolin, Daniel W. Wilkey, Jiang Li, Toshifumi Sato, Juliane I Beier, Josepmaria Argemi, Ramon Bataller, Abdus S Wahed, Michael L Merchant, Panayiotis V Benos, Gavin E Arteel
Alcohol-related hepatitis (AH) is plagued with high mortality and difficulty in identifying at-risk patients. The extracellular matrix undergoes significant remodeling during inflammatory liver injury that can be detected in biological fluids and potentially used for mortality prediction. EDTA plasma samples were collected from AH patients (n= 62); Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score defined
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Gut microbial and human genetic signatures of inflammatory bowel disease increase risk of comorbid mental disorders medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2023-12-14 Junho Lee, Shin Ju Oh, Eunji Ha, Ga Young Shin, Hyo Jong Kim, Kwangwoo Kim, Chang Kyun Lee
The high prevalence of comorbid mental disorders (CMDs), such as anxiety and depression, in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is well documented. The reported bidirectional relationship between the two conditions suggests a crucial role of a gut-brain axis in CMD development in patients with IBD. This study aimed to investigate a complex interplay between gut microbiota and host genetic
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Disease signatures in the gut metagenome of a prospective family cohort of inflammatory bowel disease medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2023-12-11 Malte Rühlemann, Silvio Waschina, Eike Matthias Wacker, Philipp Rausch, Ana Schaan, Zaira Zafroon, Katrin Franzpötter, Gunnar Jacobs, David Ellinghaus, Robert Kruse, Daniel Bergemalm, Jonas Halfvarson, Malte Ziemann, Siegfried Görg, Wolfgang Lieb, Stefan Schreiber, Mathilde Poyet, Corinna Bang, Andre Franke, Mathieu Groussin
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with dysbiotic microbiomes. However, whether microbiomes of family members of IBD patients harbour microbial disease signatures of IBD is unknown. Here, we generate shotgun metagenomic data of an IBD family cohort and treatment-naive IBD cases, which we combine with published IBD metagenomes, to perform a meta-analysis of IBD-microbiome associations. Our
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The Association between Helicobacter pylori Infection and Triglyceride-Glucose (TyG) Index in US Adults: a restrospective cross-sectional study medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2023-12-09 Wei Fu, Junlong zhao, GuoBin Chen, Linya Lyu, Yao Ding, Liang-Bi Xu
Background The Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is an emerging marker for insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Helicobacter pylori, a bacterium associated with gastrointestinal diseases, may also influence metabolic risk profiles. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the TyG index and Helicobacter pylori infection among a representative sample of adults.
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Tumor size>5cm is a line of demarcation of mortality and progression of gastric cancer after D2+gastrectomy for Chinese population medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2023-12-11 Yifan Li, Haoliang Zhao, Yinan Shi, Ruirui Yang
Methods: Gastric cancer between May 2002 and December 2020 and who had undergone resection of the primary cancer. We analyzed these patients to study the association between survival and tumor size by Cox proportional hazards model and restricted cubic splines. Results: A total of 1708 patients met the inclusion criteria, with a median age of 58 years. The distribution of tumor size was correlated
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From Text to Tables: A Local Privacy Preserving Large Language Model for Structured Information Retrieval from Medical Documents medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2023-12-08 Isabella Catharina Wiest, Dyke Ferber, Jiefu Zhu, Marko Van Treeck, Sonja Katharina Meyer, Radhika Juglan, Zunamys I. Carrero, Daniel Paech, Jens Kleesiek, Matthias P. Ebert, Daniel Truhn, Jakob Nikolas Kather
Background and Aims Most clinical information is encoded as text, but extracting quantitative information from text is challenging. Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for natural language processing and can parse clinical text. However, many LLMs including ChatGPT reside in remote data centers, which disqualifies them from processing personal healthcare data. We present an
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Clinicopathological, surgical management and early postoperative outcome among obstructive jaundice inpatients at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre from March 2020 to March 2023 medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2023-12-06 Elmes Venant, Mkunde Ramadhani Chambo, David Msuya, Samwel Chugulu
Obstructive jaundice is a surgical condition that affects all age groups mostly to the above 18 individuals. This condition can lead to high morbidity and mortality if not early diagnosed and treated. It remains the common cause of surgical consultations globally accounting for 8-10/100,000 and 242/1000 annually in China and Saudi Arabia respectively. Clinicopathological and radiological investigations
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Do You Know Your Daily Antibiotic Intake through Residues in Your Diet? medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2023-12-05 Jegak Seo, Frank Kloprogge, Andrew M Smith, Kersti Karu, Lena Ciric
While the use of a wide range of antibiotics has been reported as extensive in the rearing of agricultural animals, extremely limited information is available on the antibiotic residues in animal products and the adverse impact consistent low-level exposure to antibiotics might have on the human body as well as its microbiome. The aim of this study was to estimate the possible antibiotic concentrations
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LWU-Net approach for Efficient Gastro-Intestinal Tract Image Segmentation in Resource-Constrained Environments medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2023-12-05 Marreddi Jayanth Sai, Narinder Singh Punn
This paper introduces a Lightweight U-Net (LWU-Net) method for efficient gastro-intestinal tract segmentation in resource-constrained environments. The proposed model seeks to strike a balance between computational efficiency, memory efficiency, and segmentation accuracy. The model achieves competitive performance while reducing computational power needed with improvements including depth-wise separable
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A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of the Association Between Nitrate & Nitrite intake and Gastroesophageal Cancer Risk: A Study Protocol medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Mohammadreza Ghasemi, Mohammad Bahrami koutenaei, Alireza Ghasemi, Reza Alizadeh-navaei, Mahmood Moosazadeh
Objectives The global burden of cancer underscores the necessity for evidence-based strategies to identify and manage risk factors. Nitrate and nitrite are inherent byproducts resulting from microbial-mediated nitrogen oxidation in plants, soil, or water. Fruits, vegetables, and combinations thereof are integral constituents of a nutritious diet. Despite the potential carcinogenicity of N-nitroso compounds
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Folic acid prevents interferon-induced iron accumulation and ferroptosis and improves liver health in children with biliary atresia medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2023-12-04 Yanhui Xu, Xixi Chen, Rongli Fang, Yu Ning, Zhijun Zhu, Xiaolei Wang, Yunnan Xiao, Xiaotian Li, Huifang Ren, Yanfang Zhang, Xiaoyu Zuo, Chengwei Chai, Kanghua Zhong, Jiankun Liang, Qifeng Liang, Yuanyuan Luo, Yi Xu, Kaili Liao, Qiuming He, Xuying Tan, Qingqing Ye, Zefeng Lin, Yang Han, Zhenhua Luo, Xiaoqiong Gu, Yan Zhang, Liying Sun, Fan Bai, Jinbao Liu, Yao Zhi, Junqiang Lv, Andrew M Lew, Huimin
Background & Aims: Biliary atresia (BA) is an obstructive newborn jaundice disease that leads to liver failure in the majority of affected infants. Viral infection is an important environmental trigger of BA. The aim of the study is to establish how viral infection rewires the cellular and metabolic processes of the digestive systems in at-risk infants and leads to BA development. Methods: Single cell
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Evaluation of minimum-to-severe global and macrovesicular steatosis in human liver specimens: a portable ambient light-compatible spectroscopic probe medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2023-12-04 Hao Guo, Ashley E. Stueck, Jason B. Doppenberg, Yun Suk Chae, Alexey B. Tikhomirov, Haishan Zeng, Marten A. Engelse, Boris L. Gala-Lopez, Anita Mahadevan-Jansen, Ian P.J. Alwayn, Andrea K. Locke, Kevin C. Hewitt
Background & Aims: Hepatic steatosis (HS), particularly macrovesicular steatosis (MaS), influences transplant outcomes. Accurate assessment of MaS is crucial for graft selection. While traditional assessment methods have limitations, non-invasive spectroscopic techniques like Raman and reflectance spectroscopy offer promise. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a portable ambient light-compatible
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Consistent signatures in the human gut microbiome of old- and young-onset colorectal cancer medRxiv. Gastroenterol. Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Youwen Qin, Xin Tong, Wei-Jian Mei, Yanshuang Cheng, Yuanqiang Zou, Kai Han, Jiehai Yu, Zhuye Jie, Tao Zhang, Shida Zhu, Xin Jin, Jian Wang, Huanming Yang, Xun Xu, Huanzi Zhong, Liang Xiao, Pei-Rong Ding
The incidence of young-onset colorectal cancer (yCRC) has been increasing in recent decades, but little is known about the gut microbiome of these patients. Most studies have focused on old-onset CRC (oCRC), and it remains unclear whether CRC signatures derived from old patients are valid in young patients. To address this, we assembled the largest yCRC gut metagenomes to date from two independent