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Diverse childhood neurologic disorders and outcomes following fetal neurologic consultation Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Dawn Gano, Andrea C. Pardo, Orit A. Glenn, Elliott Sherr
Fetal neurology encompasses the full spectrum of neonatal and child neurology presentations, with complex additional layers of diagnostic and prognostic challenges unique to the specific prenatal consultation. Diverse genetic and acquired etiologies with a range of potential outcomes may be encountered. Three clinical case presentations are discussed that highlight how postnatal phenotyping and longitudinal
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Interdisciplinary fetal neurology care: Current practice, challenges, and future directions Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Charu Venkatesan, DonnaMaria Cortezzo, Mounira Habli, Sonika Agarwal
As the field of fetal-neonatal neurology has expanded over the past 2 decades with increasingly complex diagnoses, multidisciplinary collaboration with many subspecialties including genetics, neonatology, obstetrics, maternal fetal medicine, surgical sub-specialties, cardiology, radiology, palliative care, and ethics has needed to evolve to strive to offer optimal patient care. While comprehensive
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The Difficult Neonatal Airway Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-21 Taylor Sawyer, Nicole Yamada, Rachel Umoren
Airway management is one of the most crucial aspects of neonatal care. The occurrence of a difficult airway is more common in neonates than in any other age group, and any neonatal intubation can develop into a difficult airway scenario. Understanding the intricacies of the difficult neonatal airway is paramount for healthcare professionals involved in the care of newborns. This chapter explores the
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Surfactant as a drug carrier Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-23 Arun Sett, Charles C. Roehr, Brett J. Manley
Drug delivery using a surfactant vehicle has the potential to prevent systemic side effects by delivering therapeutic agents directly to the respiratory system. The inherent chemical properties of surfactant allows it to readily distribute throughout the respiratory system. Therapeutic agents delivered by surfactant can primarily confer additional benefits but have potential to improve surfactant function
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Neonatal surfactant therapy beyond respiratory distress syndrome Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-23 Peter A. Dargaville, Egbert Herting, Roger F. Soll
Whilst exogenous surfactant therapy is central to the management of newborn infants with respiratory distress syndrome, its use in other neonatal lung diseases remains inconsistent and controversial. Here we discuss the evidence and experience in relation to surfactant therapy in newborns with other lung conditions in which surfactant may be deficient or dysfunctional, including meconium aspiration
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Surfactant and neonatal hemodynamics during the postnatal transition Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-23 Sanoj KM. Ali, Amy H. Stanford, Patrick J. McNamara, Samir Gupta
Surfactant replacement therapy (SRT) has revolutionized the management of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in premature infants, leading to improved survival rates and decreased morbidity. SRT may, however, be associated with hemodynamic changes, which can have both positive and negative effects on the immature cardiovascular system, during the transitional adaptation from fetal to extrauterine
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Surfactant status assessment and personalized therapy for surfactant deficiency or dysfunction Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-23 Daniele De Luca, Barbara Loi, David Tingay, Humberto Fiori, Paul Kingma, Raffaele Dellacà, Chiara Autilio
Surfactant is a pivotal neonatal drug used both for respiratory distress syndrome due to surfactant deficiency and for more complex surfactant dysfunctions (such as in case of neonatal acute respiratory distress syndrome). Despite its importance, indications for surfactant therapy are often based on oversimplified criteria. Lung biology and modern monitoring provide several diagnostic tools to assess
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Synthetic surfactants Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-22 Fernando Moya, Tore Curstedt, Jan Johansson, David Sweet
Abstract not available
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Introduction to surfactant use in newborn infants Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-22 Anton H. van Kaam
Abstract not available
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Towards personalized therapies for genetic disorders of surfactant dysfunction Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-22 Maureen Peers de Nieuwburgh, Jennifer A. Wambach, Matthias Griese, Olivier Danhaive
Genetic disorders of surfactant dysfunction are a rare cause of chronic, progressive or refractory respiratory failure in term and preterm infants. This review explores genetic mechanisms underpinning surfactant dysfunction, highlighting specific surfactant-associated genes including SFTPB, SFTPC, ABCA3, and NKX2.1. Pathogenic variants in these genes contribute to a range of clinical presentations
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Surfactant delivery by aerosol inhalation – past, present, and future Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-22 Scott O. Guthrie, J. Jane Pillow, James J. Cummings
Surfactant replacement therapy (SRT) by nebulization to spontaneously breathing patients has been regarded as the Holy Grail since surfactant deficiency was first identified as the cause for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. It avoids neonatal endotracheal intubation, a procedure that is often difficult and occasionally harmful. Unapproved alternatives to endotracheal tube placement for liquid
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Historical perspective on surfactant therapy: Transforming hyaline membrane disease to respiratory distress syndrome Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-22 Mikko Hallman, Egbert Herting
Lung surfactant is the first drug so far designed for the special needs of the newborn. In 1929, Von Neergard described lung hysteresis and proposed the role of surface forces. In 1955–1956, Pattle and Clements found direct evidence of lung surfactant. In 1959, Avery discovered that the airway's lining material was not surface-active in hyaline membrane disease (HMD). Patrick Bouvier Kennedy's death
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Alternative routes of surfactant application – An update Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-22 Angela Kribs, Kari D. Roberts, Daniele Trevisanuto, Colm O' Donnell, Peter A. Dargaville
Non-invasive modes of respiratory support have been shown to be the preferable way of primary respiratory support of preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). The avoidance of invasive mechanical ventilation can be beneficial for preterm infants in reduction of morbidity and even mortality. However, it is well-established that some infants managed with non-invasive respiratory support
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Timing of surfactant treatment in respiratory distress syndrome Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-22 Anton H. van Kaam, Hendrik J. Niemarkt, Wes Onland
The introduction of exogenous surfactant in the 1980s has resulted in an improved survival of very preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Randomized controlled trials conducted before 2000 have shown that the magnitude of this beneficial effect strongly depends on the timing of surfactant treatment, i.e. the earlier surfactant is administered after birth the better. However, the
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Introduction to neonatal intubation and extubation Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-20 Kate A. Hodgson, Peter G. Davis
Abstract not available
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‘Perinatal management of the anticipated difficult airway’ Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-20 M. Silena Mosquera, Sara Yuter, Alan W. Flake
The ex-utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) procedure was originally developed to reverse tracheal occlusion in fetuses with severe congenital diaphragmatic hernia that underwent fetal tracheal occlusion. The EXIT procedure has since been applied to a wide range of indications, but the primary indication remains securing a patent airway and providing respiratory support in fetuses with anticipated difficult
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Success rates and adverse events during neonatal intubation: Lessons learned from an international registry Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-18 Heidi M. Herrick, Mackenzie A. O’Reilly, Elizabeth E. Foglia
Neonatal endotracheal intubation is a challenging procedure with suboptimal success and adverse event rates. Systematically tracking intubation outcomes is imperative to understand both universal and site-specific barriers to intubation success and safety. The National Emergency Airway Registry for Neonates (NEAR4NEOS) is an international registry designed to improve neonatal intubation practice and
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Optimal Timing of Extubation in Preterm Infants Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-18 Wissam Shalish, Guilherme M. Sant’Anna
In neonatal intensive care, endotracheal intubation is usually performed as an urgent or semi-urgent procedure in infants with critical or unstable conditions related to progressive respiratory failure. Extubation is not. Patients undergoing extubation are typically stable, with improved respiratory function. The key elements to facilitating extubation are to recognize improvement in respiratory status
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The Neonatal Airway Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-18 Toby Kane, David G. Tingay, Anastasia Pellicano, Stefano Sabato
Safe and effective management of the neonatal airway requires knowledge, teamwork, preparation and experience. At baseline, the neonatal airway can present significant challenges to experienced neonatologists and paediatric anaesthesiologists, and increased difficulty can be due to anatomical abnormalities, physiological instability or increased situational stress. Neonatal airway obstruction is under
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Videolaryngoscopy in Neonatal Clinical Care Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-18 Sandy Kirolos, Gemma Edwards, Joyce O’Shea
Endotracheal intubation is a life-saving procedure for many newborns. Historically, it has been achieved by obtaining an airway view through the mouth via direct laryngoscopy. It is a skill that takes time and practice to achieve proficiency. Increasing evidence for the benefit of videolaryngoscopy in adults and the new development of technology has allowed videolaryngoscopy to become a reality in
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Improving rates of successful extubation: medications Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-18 Matteo Bruschettini
This chapter focuses on the pharmacological management of newborn infants in the peri-extubation period to reduce the risk of re-intubation and prolonged mechanical ventilation. Drugs used to promote respiratory drive, reduce the risk of apnoea, reduce lung inflammation and avoid bronchospasm are critically assessed. When available, Cochrane reviews and randomised trials are used as the primary sources
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The History of Neonatal Intubation Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-18 Lucy E. Geraghty, Eoin Ó. Curraín, Lisa K. McCarthy, Colm P.F. O’Donnell
Interest in ‘resurrecting’ the lifeless by supporting breathing has been described since ancient times. For centuries, methods of resuscitating animals, then humans and specifically the ‘lifeless’ neonate were debated and discussed. Over time, with experimentation and worldwide collaboration, endotracheal tubes and laryngoscopes specific to the newborn were created and their use refined. This historical
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Apnoeic Oxygenation During Neonatal Intubation Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-18 Elizabeth K. Baker, Peter G. Davis, Kate A. Hodgson
'Apnoeic oxygenation’ describes the diffusion of oxygen across the alveolar-capillary interface in the absence of tidal respiration. Apnoeic oxygenation requires a patent airway, the diffusion of oxygen to the alveoli, and cardiopulmonary circulation. Apnoeic oxygenation has varied applications in adult medicine including facilitating tubeless anaesthesia or improving oxygenation when a difficult airway
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Alternatives to Neonatal Intubation Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-18 Calum T. Roberts, Joyce O’Shea
Opportunities to learn and maintain competence in neonatal intubation have decreased. As many clinicians providing care to the newborn infant are not skilled in intubation, alternative strategies are critical. Most preterm infants breathe spontaneously, and require stabilisation rather than resuscitation at birth. Use of tactile stimulation, deferred cord clamping, and avoidance of hypoxia can help
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Optimising success of neonatal extubation: respiratory support Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-11-18 Vincent D. Gaertner, Christoph M. Rüegger
In this review, we examine lung physiology before, during and after neonatal extubation and propose a three-phase model for the extubation procedure. We perform meta-analyses to compare different modes of non-invasive respiratory support after neonatal extubation and based on the findings, the following clinical recommendations are made.
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Operationalizing neonatal palliative care Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-07-16 Renee D. Boss, Mark R. Mercurio
Abstract not available
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Editorial: Palliative and end of life care in the NICU issue I Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-06-01 Mark R. Mercurio, Renee D. Boss
Abstract not available
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The physiology, assessment, and treatment of neonatal pain Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-05-20 Megan H. Tucker, Priya Tiwari, Brian S. Carter
Studies have clearly shown that development of pain receptors starts as early as 20-weeks’ gestation. Despite contrary belief, the human fetus develops a similar number of receptive pain fibers as seen in adults. These receptors' maturation is based on response to sensory stimuli received after birth which makes the NICU a critical place for developing central nervous system's pain perception. In practice
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Seminars in Fetal & neonatal medicine: Palliative and end of life care in the NICU Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-05-19 Dana Peralta, Jori Bogetz, Monica E. Lemmon
Abstract not available
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Neonatal COVID-19 – The past, present and the future Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-05-06 Satyan Lakshminrusimha, Herman L. Hedriana
Abstract not available
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Decision-making for extremely preterm infants with severe hemorrhages on head ultrasound: Science, values, and communication skills Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-04-28 M. Chevallier, K.J. Barrington, P. Terrien Church, T.M. Luu, A. Janvier
Severe intracranial hemorrhages are not rare in extremely preterm infants. They occur early, generally when babies require life-sustaining interventions. This may lead to ethical discussions and decision-making about levels of care. Prognosis is variable and depends on the extent, location, and laterality of the lesions, and, importantly also on the subsequent occurrence of other clinical complications
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Counseling for the option of termination of pregnancy for severe fetal anomalies in light of the recent Supreme Court ruling to remove the constitutional right to an abortion Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-04-24 Amos Grünebaum, Jonathan D. Moreno, Susan Pollet Esq, Frank A. Chervenak
A birth defect is a structural or chromosomal change present at birth that can affect almost any part or parts of the body. Birth defects can vary from mild to severe. On June 24, 2022, with its Dobbs v Jackson Women's Health Organization decision the Supreme Court of the United States overturned Roe v. Wade, removing the longstanding landmark 1973 ruling that secured a person's constitutional right
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Paediatric palliative care in the NICU: A new era of integration Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-04-21 Sophie Bertaud, Angela M. Montgomery, Finella Craig
We are entering a new era of integration between neonatal medicine and paediatric palliative care, with increasing recognition that the role and skills of palliative care extend beyond care of only the terminally ill infant. This paper addresses the principles of paediatric palliative care and how they apply in the NICU, considers who provides palliative care in this setting and outlines the key components
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Spiritual and cultural influences on end-of-life care and decision-making in NICU Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-04-21 Pak C. Ng, Genevieve P.G. Fung
Understanding and respecting the spiritual beliefs, ethnic roots, cultural norms and customs of individual families is essential for neonatologists to provide clinically appropriate and humane end-of-life care. This review describes the religious/philosophical principles, cultural-related practices/rituals, and traditions in end-of-life care in major spiritual groups of today's multi-cultural, multi-faith
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End of life care in the setting of extreme prematurity – practical challenges and ethical controversies Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-04-21 Dominic JC. Wilkinson, Sophie Bertaud
While the underlying principles are the same, there are differences in practice in end of life decisions and care for extremely preterm infants compared with other newborns and older children. In this paper, we review end of life care for extremely preterm infants in the delivery room and in the neonatal intensive care unit. We identify potential justifications for differences in the end of life care
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The logistics of withdrawing life-sustaining medical treatment in the neonatal intensive care unit Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-04-20 Erin Rholl, Steven R. Leuthner
Withdrawal of life sustaining medical treatments is a common mode of death in the neonatal intensive care unit. Shared decision making and communication are crucial steps prior to, during and after a withdrawal of life sustaining medical treatments. Discussion should include the steps to occur during the withdrawal. Physicians should recommend appropriate withdrawal steps based on family goals. Stepwise
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Neonatal euthanasia in the context of palliative and EoL care Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-04-20 A.A. Eduard Verhagen
Neonatal deaths can be categorized in 5 modes along the dimension of intervention and physiology. This classification can be helpful to analyze the choices that can be made in end-of-life care in the NICU. In the Netherlands, neonatal euthanasia became an optional 6th mode of death since publication and legalization of the Groningen Protocol. This paper summarizes the history, legal status and ethical
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Unmasking grief: Reflections on the complicated relationship between moral distress and grief Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-04-20 Lucia D. Wocial, Ann Hannan
Perinatal loss often occurs in the context of discovery of a medical condition that presents patients and healthcare providers (HCPs) with difficult choices. Treatment choices are influenced by medical technology, however inescapable prognostic uncertainty, coupled with shared decision-making can lead to ethical dilemmas (Graf et al., 2023) [1]. When patients experience perinatal loss HCPs must grapple
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Ethics at the end of life in the newborn intensive care unit: Conversations and decisions Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-04-20 Mark R. Mercurio, Lynn Gillam
The unexpected birth of a critically ill baby raises many ethical questions for neonatologists. Some of these are obviously ethical questions, about whether to attempt resuscitation, and, if the baby is resuscitated and survives, whether to continue life sustaining interventions. Other ethical decisions are more related to what to say rather than what to do. Although less obvious, they are equally
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Maternal-fetal surgery as part of pediatric palliative care Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-04-20 Felix R. De Bie, Tyler Tate, Ryan M. Antiel
Maternal-fetal surgical interventions have become a more common part of prenatal care. This third option, beside termination or post-natal interventions, complicates prenatal decision-making: while interventions may be lifesaving, survivors may face a life with disability. Pediatric palliative care (PPC) is more than end of life or hospice care, it aims at helping patients with complex medical conditions
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Palliative care for NICU survivors with chronic critical illness Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-04-20 Renee D. Boss
The sickest of NICU survivors develop chronic critical illness (CCI). Most infants with CCI will leave the NICU using chronic medical technology and will experience repeated rehospitalizations. The unique issues for these NICU graduates— escalating chronic medical technologies, fractured post-NICU healthcare, gaps in home health services, and family strain—are common and predictable. This means that
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Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in pregnancy during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-04-05 Michael Richley, Rashmi Rao
Abstract not available
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Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in neonates (MIS-N) associated with perinatal SARS CoV-2 infection: Does it exist? Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-04-01 Satyan Lakshminrusimha, Kiran More, Prakesh S. Shah, James L. Wynn, Pablo J. Sánchez
Abstract not available
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Maternal and perinatal COVID-19 – The past, present and the future Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-04-01 Satyan Lakshminrusimha, Herman L. Hedriana
Abstract not available
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General approach to delivery and resuscitation of newborn infants from mothers at risk or proven COVID-19 Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-03-30 Marta Aguar-Carrascosa, Belén Fernández-Colomer, Montserrat Izquierdo Renau, Martín Iriondo-Sanz, María Cernada-Badía, Máximo Vento
Abstract not available
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Multisystem inflammatory disease in neonates (MIS-N) due to maternal COVID-19 Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-03-30 Viraraghavan Vadakkencherry Ramaswamy, Thangaraj Abiramalatha, Abdul Kareem Pullattayil S, Daniele Trevisanuto
Multisystem inflammatory disease in neonates (MIS-N) is a disease of immune dysregulation presenting in the newborn period. Thouvgh its etiopathogenesis is proposed to be similar to multisystem inflammatory disease in Children (MIS-C), the exact pathophysiology is largely unknown as of present. The definition of MIS-N is contentious. The evidence for its incidence, the clinical features, profile of
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Clinical features of neonatal COVID-19 Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-03-24 Alfonso Galderisi, Gianluca Lista, Francesco Cavigioli, Daniele Trevisanuto
The COVID-19 (SARS-Cov-2) pandemic has put a strain on healthcare systems around the world from December 2019 in China, and then rapidly spreading worldwide. The impact of the virus on the entire population and its differential effect on various age groups was unknown at the outset, specifically its severity in elders, children or those living with other comorbidities, thus defining the syndemic, rather
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Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from mother to fetus or neonate: What to know and what to do? Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-03-13 Daniele De Luca, Christelle Vauloup-Fellous, Alexandra Benachi, Alexandre Vivanti
SARS-CoV-2 can be vertically transmitted from the mother to the fetus and the neonate. This transmission route is rare compared to the environmental or horizontal spread and therefore, the risk can be deemed inconsequential by some medical providers. However, severe, although just as rare, feto-neonatal consequences are possible: fetal demise, severe/critical neonatal COVID-19 and multi-inflammatory
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Maternal and neonatal outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-03-11 Lillian B. Boettcher, Torri D. Metz
Infection with SARS-CoV-2 causing COVID-19 in pregnancy is known to confer risks to both the pregnant patient and fetus. A review of the current literature demonstrates that pregnant individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection are at risk for higher composite morbidity, intensive care unit admission, ventilatory support, pre-eclampsia, preterm birth, and neonatal intensive care unit admissions compared to
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Impact of perinatal COVID on fetal and neonatal brain and neurodevelopmental outcomes Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-03-08 Andrea C. Brum, Nestor E. Vain
After three years of the COVID-19 pandemic, we have learned many aspects of the disease and the virus: its molecular structure, how it infects human cells, the clinical picture at different ages, potential therapies, and the effectiveness of prophylaxis. Research is currently focused on the short- and long-term consequences of COVID-19. We review the available information on the neurodevelopmental
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Pregnancy and Severe ARDS with COVID-19: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Outcomes and Treatment Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-03-07 Michelle J. Lim, Satyan Lakshminrusimha, Herman Hedriana, Timothy Albertson
Pregnancy-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is fast becoming a growing and clinically relevant subgroup of ARDS amidst global outbreaks of various viral respiratory pathogens that include H1N1-influenza, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), middle east respiratory syndrome (MERS), and the most recent COVID-19 pandemic. Pregnancy is a risk factor for severe viral-induced ARDS and
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Vaccination and treatment options for SARS-CoV2 infection affecting lactation and breastfeeding Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2023-02-13 Melissa J. Chen, Ritu Cheema, Adrienne Hoyt-Austin, Alicia Agnoli, Kara Kuhn-Riordon, Laura R. Kair
The COVID-19 pandemic has posed considerable challenges to the health of lactating individuals. Vaccination remains one of the most important strategies for prevention of moderate to severe COVID-19 infection and is associated with protective benefits for lactating individuals and their breastfed infants with overall mild side effects. The current recommendations for COVID-19 treatment in lactating
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Neonatal ECMO survivors: The late emergence of hidden morbidities – An unmet need for long-term follow-up Semin. Fetal. Neonatal Med. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2022-11-25 Aparna Hoskote, Maayke Hunfeld, Maura O'Callaghan, Hanneke IJsselstijn
Abstract not available