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Advances in guided bone regeneration membranes: a comprehensive review of materials and techniques Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Mohammed Ali, Siti Noor Fazliah Mohd Noor, Hasmaliza Mohamad, Faheem Ullah, Fatima Javed, Zuratul Ain Abdul Hamid
Guided tissue/bone regeneration (GTR/GBR) is a widely used technique in dentistry to facilitate the regeneration of damaged bone and tissue, which involves guiding materials that eventually degrade, allowing newly created tissue to take its place. This comprehensive review the evolution of biomaterials for guided bone regeneration that showcases a progressive shift from non-resorbable to highly biocompatible
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Impact of anesthesia on micromagnetic stimulation (μMS) of the vagus nerve Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-04-12 Renata Saha, Dusty Van Helden, Matthew S Hopper, Walter C Low, Theoden I Netoff, John Osborn, Jian-Ping Wang
To treat diseases associated with vagal nerve control of peripheral organs, it is necessary to selectively activate efferent and afferent fibers in the vagus. As a result of the nerve’s complex anatomy, fiber-specific activation proves challenging. Spatially selective neuromodulation using micromagnetic stimulation(μMS) is showing incredible promise. This neuromodulation technique uses microcoils(μcoils)
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Effect of matrix material property on the composite tibia fracture plate: a biomechanical study Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-04-09 Drupad Roy, Manik Chandra Das, Raja Dhason, Sandipan Roy, Shubhabrata Datta
For the purpose of fixing tibia fractures, composite bone plates are suggested. Metal plates cause stress shielding, lessen the compression force at the fracture site, and have an impact on the healing process because they are significantly more rigid than bone. To prevent excessive shear strain and consequent instability at the fracture site, it is imperative to reduce stiffness in the axial direction
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The feasibility of K XRF bone lead measurements in mice assessed using 3D-printed phantoms Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-04-09 R C Bider, B Sheehan, N Bock, F E McNeill
This article describes the development of a system for in vivo measurements of lead body burden in mice using 109Cd K x-ray fluorescence (XRF). This K XRF system could facilitate early-stage studies on interventions that ameliorate or reverse organ tissue damage from lead poisoning by reducing animal numbers through a cross-sectional study approach. A novel mouse phantom was developed based on a mouse
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Classification of Motor Imagery EEG signals using high resolution time-frequency representations and convolutional neural network Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-04-08 V Srimadumathi, M Ramasubba Reddy
A Motor Imagery (MI) based Brain Computer Interface (BCI) system aims to provide neuro-rehabilitation for the motor disabled people and patients with brain injuries (e.g., stroke patients) etc. The aim of this work is to classify the left and right hand MI tasks by utilizing the occurrence of event related desynchronization and synchronization (ERD\ERS) in the Electroencephalogram (EEG) during these
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A combined musculoskeletal and finite element model of a foot to predict plantar pressure distribution Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-04-05 Zeinab Kamal, Edsko E G Hekman, Gijsbertus J Verkerke
In this study, a combined subject-specific numerical and experimental investigation was conducted to explore the plantar pressure of an individual. The research utilized finite element (FE) and musculoskeletal modelling based on computed tomography (CT) images of an ankle-foot complex and three-dimensional gait measurements. Muscle forces were estimated using an individualized multi-body musculoskeletal
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Detection of cardiac abnormalities from 12-lead ecg using complex wavelet sub-band features Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Sourav Mondal, Prakash Choudhary, Priyanka Rathee
Aim of the study. This research endeavours to optimize cardiac anomaly detection by introducing a method focused on selecting the most effective Daubechis wavelet families. The principal aim is to differentiate between cardiac states that are normal and abnormal by utilizing longer electrocardiogram (ECG) signal events based on the Apnea ECG dataset. Apnea ECG is often used to detect sleep apnea, a
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A microdosimetry analysis of reversible electroporation in scattered, overlapping, and cancerous cervical cells Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Mayank Kumar, Ashutosh Mishra
We present a numerical method for studying reversible electroporation on normal and cancerous cervical cells. This microdosimetry analysis builds on a unique approach for extracting contours of free and overlapping cervical cells in the cluster from the Extended Depth of Field (EDF) images. The algorithm used for extracting the contours is a joint optimization of multiple-level set function along with
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GATE Monte Carlo approach to heterogeneity dose distribution in small fields used in radiation therapy Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Z A Elcadi, M El Moussaoui, S Aouadi, R Sukumaran, R Hammoud, N Al-Hammadi, Y Toufique, O Bouhali
The Accurate dosage prediction in Radiation Therapy is challenging, prompting a need for precision beyond conventional clinical Treatment Planning Systems (TPS). Monte Carlo-based methods are sought for their superior accuracy. The aim of this study is to compare dose distributions between the ACUROS algorithm and the GATE platform in various tissue densities and field sizes, focusing on smaller fields
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Quantitative analysis of liver standardized uptake value repeatability in SPECT/CT implications for clinical practice Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Ryotaro Tokorodani, Toshiaki Kume, Hiromitu Daisaki, Naoya Hayashi, Hitomi Iwasa, Takuji Yamagami
Purpose. The aim of this study was to assess the repeatability of the SUV normalized by liver volume (SUVL) between two liver receptor SPECT/CT studies performed on different days in patients with ICG-R15 values within normal range. Methods. 935 patients who underwent liver receptor scintigraphy between January 2010 and August 2018 were included. Patients who underwent liver resection, hepatic arterial
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Iron oxide nanoparticles synthesized using Mentha spicata extract and evaluation of its antibacterial, cytotoxicity and antimigratory potential on highly metastatic human breast cells Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Huzaifa Umar, Maryam Rabiu Aliyu, Dilber Uzun Ozsahin
Iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe2O3 NPs) were synthesized utilizing Mentha spicata sourced from Cyprus as a stabilizing agent. The study delved into assessing the antimicrobial, cytotoxic, anti-proliferative, and anti-migratory potential of Fe2O3 NPs through disc diffusion, trypan blue, and 3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]−2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, respectively. Characterization of the
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Proton relative biological effectiveness for the induction of DNA double strand breaks based on Geant4 Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Yuchen Liu, Kun Zhu, Xiaoyu Peng, Siyuan Luo, Jin Zhu, Wancheng Xiao, Lie He, Xiaodong Wang
Uncertainties in the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of proton remains a major barrier to the biological optimization of proton therapy. A large amount of experimental data suggest that proton RBE is variable. As an evolving Monte Carlo code toolkit, Geant4-DNA is able to simulate the initial DNA damage caused by particle beams through physical and chemical interactions at the nanometer scale
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Surface modification of a commercial bone plate (Ti6Al4V) implant for improved antibacterial and cytocompatibility via thermal dewetting of a silver thin film Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Deepak Patil, Sivanandam Aravindan, Mahesh J Yadav, Paruchuri Venkateswara Rao
The high demand for bone grafts has motivated the development of implants with excellent osteogenic activity, whereas the risk of implant-associated infection, particularly given the rise of antimicrobial resistance, has compelled the development of implants with innovative antimicrobial strategies in which a small amount of bactericidal agent can effectively kill a wide range of bacteria. To induce
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Eclipse web service application programming interface Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Lian Zou, Shaode Yu, Zhao Xie, Yaoqin Xie
Objective. Low-coupling seamless integration of multiple systems is the core foundation of smart radiotherapy. Following Service-Oriented Architecture style, a set of named operations (Eclipse Web Service API, EWSAPI) was developed for realizing network call of Eclipse. Approach. Under the guidance of Vertical Slice Architecture, EWSAPI was implemented in the C# language and based on ASP .Net Core
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From pixels to prognosis: unveiling radiomics models with SHAP and LIME for enhanced interpretability Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Sotiris Raptis, Christos Ilioudis, Kiriaki Theodorou
Radiomics-based prediction models have shown promise in predicting Radiation Pneumonitis (RP), a common adverse outcome of chest irradiation. Τhis study looks into more than just RP: it also investigates a bigger shift in the way radiomics-based models work. By integrating multi-modal radiomic data, which includes a wide range of variables collected from medical images including cutting-edge PET/CT
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Optimization of Newtonian fluid pressure in microcantilever integrated flexible microfluidic channel for healthcare application Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Ankur Saxena, Mahesh Kumar, Dhaneshwar Mishra, Kulwant Singh
The demand for microfluidic pressure sensors is ever-increasing in various industries due to their crucial role in controlling fluid pressure within microchannels. While syringe pump setups have been traditionally used to regulate fluid pressure in microfluidic devices, they often result in larger setups that increase the cost of the device. To address this challenge and miniaturize the syringe pump
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Identifying autism using EEG: unleashing the power of feature selection and machine learning Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Anamika Ranaut, Padmavati Khandnor, Trilok Chand
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that is characterized by communication barriers, societal disengagement, and monotonous actions. Currently, the diagnosis of ASD is made by experts through a subjective and time-consuming qualitative behavioural examination using internationally recognized descriptive standards. In this paper, we present an EEG-based three-phase novel
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A grayscale compression method to segment bone structures for 2D-3D registration of setup images in non-coplanar radiotherapy Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Zhiyue Song, Tantan Li, Lijing Zuo, Yongli Song, Ran Wei, Jianrong Dai
Purpose. To evaluate the performance of an automated 2D-3D bone registration algorithm incorporating a grayscale compression method for quantifying patient position errors in non-coplanar radiotherapy. Methods. An automated 2D-3D registration incorporating a grayscale compression method to segment bone structures was proposed. Portal images containing only bone structures ( Portalbone ) and digitally
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OA-GAN: organ-aware generative adversarial network for synthesizing contrast-enhanced medical images Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Yulin Yang, Jing Liu, Gan Zhan, Qingqing Chen, Fang Wang, Yinhao Li, Rahul Kumar Jain, Lanfen Lin, Hongjie Hu, Yen-Wei Chen
Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CE-CT) images are vital for clinical diagnosis of focal liver lesions (FLLs). However, the use of CE-CT images imposes a significant burden on patients due to the injection of contrast agents and extended shooting. Deep learning-based image synthesis models offer a promising solution that synthesizes CE-CT images from non-contrasted CT (NC-CT) images. Unlike natural
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Research in methodologies for modelling the oral cavity Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Muhammad Suhaib Shahid, Andrew P French, Michel F Valstar, Gleb E Yakubov
The paper aims to explore the current state of understanding surrounding in silico oral modelling. This involves exploring methodologies, technologies and approaches pertaining to the modelling of the whole oral cavity; both internally and externally visible structures that may be relevant or appropriate to oral actions. Such a model could be referred to as a ‘complete model’ which includes consideration
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Mathematical modeling in assessing the risk of restenosis after carotid endarterectomy Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-03-15 V G Borisov, Yu N Zakharov, R A Vinogradov, V P Derbilova, N V Ivanova
Carotid endarterectomy is the main way to combat atherosclerosis of the carotid arteries, which disrupts cerebral circulation. The generally accepted marker of atherogenesis risk are hemodynamic indices associated with near-wall shear stress. The purpose of the work is to conduct a comparative analysis of hemodynamic indices in various carotid bifurcation models. The influence of a virtual change in
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Numerical analysis of scaffold degradation in cryogenic environment: impact of cell migration and cell apoptosis Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Khemraj Deshmukh, Arindam Bit
The analysis of degradation in the presence of cell death and migration is a critical aspect of research in various biological fields, such as tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and disease pathology. In present study, numerical study of degradation of scaffold were performed in present of cells, cell apoptosis and cell migration. A poly electrolyte complex (PEC) silk fibroin scaffold was used
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The detection instrumentation and geometric design of clinical PET scanner: towards better performance and broader clinical applications Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Abdallah El Ouaridi, Zakaria Ait Elcadi, Mounir Mkimel, Mustapha Bougteb, Redouane El Baydaoui
Positron emission tomography (PET) is a powerful medical imaging modality used in nuclear medicine to diagnose and monitor various clinical diseases in patients. It is more sensitive and produces a highly quantitative mapping of the three-dimensional biodistribution of positron-emitting radiotracers inside the human body. The underlying technology is constantly evolving, and recent advances in detection
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Patient-specific finite element analysis for assessing hip fracture risk in aging populations Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Chethan K N, Nadine Schmidt Genannt Waldschmidt, John Valerian Corda, Satish Shenoy B, Sawan Shetty, Laxmikant G Keni, Shyamasunder Bhat N, Nishant Nikam, Senay Mihcin
The femur is one of the most important bone in the human body, as it supports the body’s weight and helps with movement. The aging global population presents a significant challenge, leading to an increasing demand for artificial joints, particularly in knee and hip replacements, which are among the most prevalent surgical procedures worldwide. This study focuses on hip fractures, a common consequence
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Design of experiment approach to identify the dominant geometrical feature of left coronary artery influencing atherosclerosis Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Adiba Ashrafee, Syed Muiz Sadat Yashfe, Nusrat S Khan, Md Tariqul Islam, M G Azam, M Tarik Arafat
Background and Objective. Coronary artery geometry heavily influences local hemodynamics, potentially leading to atherosclerosis. Consequently, the unique geometrical configuration of an individual by birth can be associated with future risk of atherosclerosis. Although current researches focus on exploring the relationship between local hemodynamics and coronary artery geometry, this study aims to
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Effects of the presentation order of stimulations in sequential ERP/SSVEP Hybrid Brain-Computer Interface Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Okba Bekhelifi, Nasr-Eddine Berrached, Amine Bendahmane
Hybrid Brain-Computer Interface (hBCI) combines multiple neurophysiology modalities or paradigms to speed up the output of a single command or produce multiple ones simultaneously. Concurrent hBCIs that employ endogenous and exogenous paradigms are limited by the reduced set of possible commands. Conversely, the fusion of different exogenous visual evoked potentials demonstrated impressive performances;
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Automatic thoracic aorta calcium quantification using deep learning in non-contrast ECG-gated CT images Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Federico N Guilenea, Mariano E Casciaro, Gilles Soulat, Elie Mousseaux, Damian Craiem
Thoracic aorta calcium (TAC) can be assessed from cardiac computed tomography (CT) studies to improve cardiovascular risk prediction. The aim of this study was to develop a fully automatic system to detect TAC and to evaluate its performance for classifying the patients into four TAC risk categories. The method started by segmenting the thoracic aorta, combining three UNets trained with axial, sagittal
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Efficient EEG motion artifact elimination framework for ambulatory epileptic seizure detection application Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Murali Krishna Y, Vinay Kumar P
Motion artifacts are a pervasive challenge in EEG ambulatory monitoring, often obscuring critical neurological signals and impeding accurate seizure detection. In this study, we propose a new approach of outlier based grouping of two level Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA) decomposition combined with Relative Total Variation (RTV) filter for the effective removal of motion-induced noise from ambulatory
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Calculation of biological effectiveness of SOBP proton beams: a TOPAS Monte Carlo study Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Arghya Chattaraj, T Palani Selvam
Objective. This study aims to investigate the biological effectiveness of Spread-Out Bragg-Peak (SOBP) proton beams with initial kinetic energies 50–250 MeV at different depths in water using TOPAS Monte Carlo code. Approach. The study modelled SOBP proton beams using TOPAS time feature. Various LET-based models and Repair-Misrepair-Fixation model were employed to calculate Relative Biological Effectiveness
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PMF-CNN: parallel multi-band fusion convolutional neural network for SSVEP-EEG decoding Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Jianli Yang, Songlei Zhao, Zhiyu Fu, Xiuling Liu
Steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) is a key technique of electroencephalography (EEG)-based brain-computer interfaces (BCI), which has been widely applied to neurological function assessment and postoperative rehabilitation. However, accurate decoding of the user’s intended based on the SSVEP-EEG signals is challenging due to the low signal-to-noise ratio and large individual variability
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Evaluation of temporal, spatial and spectral filtering in CSP-based methods for decoding pedaling-based motor tasks using EEG signals Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Cristian Felipe Blanco-Díaz, Cristian David Guerrero-Mendez, Denis Delisle-Rodriguez, Sebastián Jaramillo-Isaza, Andrés Felipe Ruiz-Olaya, Anselmo Frizera-Neto, Alberto Ferreira de Souza, Teodiano Bastos-Filho
Stroke is a neurological syndrome that usually causes a loss of voluntary control of lower/upper body movements, making it difficult for affected individuals to perform Activities of Daily Living (ADLs). Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) combined with robotic systems, such as Motorized Mini Exercise Bikes (MMEB), have enabled the rehabilitation of people with disabilities by decoding their actions and
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On methods for radiometric surveying in radiotherapy bunkers Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Eduardo Sergio Santini, Renato Vasconcellos de Oliveira, Nozimar do Couto, Camila Salata, Paulo Antônio Pereira Leal, Flávia Cristina da Silva Teixeira, Georgia Santos Joana
Radiometric surveys in radiotherapy bunkers have been carried out in Brazil for many years, both by the same radiotherapy facility for verification of shielding as by the regulatory agency for licensing and control purposes. In recent years, the Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) technique has been gradually incorporated into many facilities. Therefore, it has been necessary to consider the
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An approach to detect and predict epileptic seizures with high accuracy using convolutional neural networks and single-lead-ECG signal Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Mostafa Ghaempour, Kourosh Hassanli, Ebrahim Abiri
One of the epileptic patients’ challenges is to detect the time of seizures and the possibility of predicting. This research aims to provide an algorithm based on deep learning to detect and predict the time of seizure from one to two minutes before its occurrence. The proposed Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) can detect and predict the occurrence of focal epilepsy seizures through single-lead-ECG
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Left ventricle segment-specific motion assessment for cardiac-gated radiosurgery Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Justin Poon, Richard B Thompson, Marc W Deyell, Devin Schellenberg, Kirpal Kohli, Steven Thomas
Purpose. Cardiac radiosurgery is a non-invasive treatment modality for ventricular tachycardia, where a linear accelerator is used to irradiate the arrhythmogenic region within the heart. In this work, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) cine images were used to quantify left ventricle (LV) segment-specific motion during the cardiac cycle and to assess potential advantages of cardiac-gated radiosurgery
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Automated detection of vertebral body misalignments in orthogonal kV and MV guided radiotherapy: application to a comprehensive retrospective dataset Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-02-29 John A Charters, Dishane Luximon, Rachel Petragallo, Jack Neylon, Daniel A Low, James M Lamb
Objective. In image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT), off-by-one vertebral body misalignments are rare but potentially catastrophic. In this study, a novel detection method for such misalignments in IGRT was investigated using densely-connected convolutional networks (DenseNets) for applications towards real-time error prevention and retrospective error auditing. Approach. A total of 4213 images acquired
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Robust and optimal dose distribution for brain metastases with robotic radiosurgery system: recipe for an inflection point Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Ryoichi Hinoto, Nobuhiro Tsukamoto, Takahisa Eriguchi, Hiroaki Kumada, Takeji Sakae
Purpose. This study aims to establish a robust dose prescription methodology in stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) for brain metastases, considering geometrical uncertainty and minimising dose exposure to the surrounding normal brain tissue. Methods and Materials. Treatment plans employing 40%–90% isodose lines (IDL) at 10% IDL intervals were created for variously sized
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Stereotactic Optimized Automated Radiotherapy (SOAR): a novel automated planning solution for multi-metastatic SRS compared to HyperArc™ Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Thomas Mann, Nicolas Ploquin, Salman Faruqi, Shaun Loewen, Kundan Thind
Objective. Automated Stereotactic Radiosurgery (SRS) planning solutions improve clinical efficiency and reduce treatment plan variability. Available commercial solutions employ a template-based strategy that may not be optimal for all SRS patients. This study compares a novel beam angle optimized Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) planning solution for multi-metastatic SRS to the commercial solution
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A challenge and solution for automatic thin slice thickness measurements on images of the Catphan phantom Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Choirul Anam, Riska Amilia, Ariij Naufal, Heri Sutanto, Geoff Dougherty
Purpose. The use of the Hough transform for angle detection is quite accurate for relatively wide slice thickness. However, the Hough transform fails to accurately detect the angle for thin slice thickness. This study proposes a method for automatically measuring the thickness of thin slices on images of a Catphan phantom. Methods. In the proposed method, the angle of the phantom’s orientation was
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Soft electrodes for simultaneous bio-potential and bio-impedance study of the face Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Bara Levit, Paul F Funk, Yael Hanein
The human body’s vascular system is a finely regulated network: blood vessels can change in shape (i.e. constrict, or dilate), their elastic response may shift and they may undergo temporary and partial blockages due to pressure applied by skeletal muscles in their immediate vicinity. Simultaneous measurement of muscle activation and the corresponding changes in vessel diameter, in particular at anatomical
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Development of patient-specific finite element model for study of composite dental implants Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Vivek Gupta, Anshika Garg, Nitesh Tewari, Sukeshana Srivastav, Arnab Chanda
Traumatic dental injuries can occur due to various reasons such as accidents, sports injuries, fights, falls, and others. These injuries can affect the teeth, gums, and surrounding tissues, and can range from minor chips and cracks to severe fractures, dislocations, and avulsions (when the tooth is completely knocked out of the socket). The most common way to address this is by replacing affected teeth
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A 3D-printed phantom for stereotactic body radiation therapy simulation Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Ying-Hao Yu, Tsung-Yu Yen, Shih-Kai Hung, Shi-He Chen, Kuei-Ying Wang
In modern radiation therapy for lung cancer, examining the uncertainty between tumor motion and beam delivery is vitally important. To lower the radiation dose delivery to the patient’s normal tissue, narrowing the irradiation field margin to hit the tumor accurately is critical. Thus we proposed a phantom that simulates the thorax and lung tumor’s motions by employing a 3D printing technique. The
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NEMA NU 2-2018 evaluation and image quality optimization of a new generation digital 32-cm axial field-of-view Omni Legend PET-CT using a genetic evolutionary algorithm Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Rhodri Lyn Smith, Lee Bartley, Christopher O’Callaghan, Luiza Haberska, Chris Marshall
A performance evaluation was conducted on the new General Electric (GE) digital Omni Legend PET-CT system with 32 cm extended field of view. The first commercially available clinical digital bismuth germanate system. The system does not use time of flight (ToF). Testing was performed in accordance with the NEMA NU2–2018 standard. A comparison was made between two other commercial GE scanners with extended
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RD-OCT net: hybrid learning system for automated diagnosis of macular diseases from OCT retinal images Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-02-20 A Jeya Prabha, C Venkatesan, M Sameera Fathimal, K K Nithiyanantham, S P Angeline Kirubha
Macular Edema is a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness in patients with ocular fundus diseases. Due to its non-invasive and high-resolution characteristics, optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been extensively utilized for the diagnosis of macular diseases. The manual detection of retinal diseases by clinicians is a laborious process, further complicated by the challenging identification
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Efficient mitosis detection: leveraging pre-trained faster R-CNN and cell-level classification Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Abdul R Shihabuddin, Sabeena Beevi K
The assessment of mitotic activity is an integral part of the comprehensive evaluation of breast cancer pathology. Understanding the level of tumor dissemination is essential for assessing the severity of the malignancy and guiding appropriate treatment strategies. A pathologist must manually perform the intricate and time-consuming task of counting mitoses by examining biopsy slices stained with Hematoxylin
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Radiation shielding assessment for interventional radiology personnel: Geant4 dosimetry of lead-free compositions Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-02-14 F Moradi, M Jalili, Kh Rezaee Ebrahim Saraee, M R Abdi, H A Abdul Rashid
The inherent biological hazards associated with ionizing radiation necessitate the implementation of effective shielding measures, particularly in medical applications. Interventional radiology, in particular, poses a unique challenge as it often exposes medical personnel to prolonged periods of high x-ray doses. Historically, lead and lead-based compounds have been the primary materials employed for
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Penetration of topically applied polymeric nanoparticles across the epidermis of thick skin from rat Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Andrea Antony, Gayathri Raju, Ahina Job, Meet Joshi, Sahadev Shankarappa
The barrier function of the epidermis poses a significant challenge to nanoparticle-mediated topical delivery. A key factor in this barrier function is the thickness of the stratum corneum (SC) layer within the epidermis, which varies across different anatomical sites. The epidermis from the palms and soles, for instance, have thicker SC compared to those from other areas. Previous studies have attempted
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Radioactive source localization employing resistive electrode array (REA) detector Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Wolfgang Hoegele, Victoria Zhang, Elena Grace Vasquez, Indre Gineitaite, Erno Sajo, Davide Brivio, Piotr Zygmanski
Objective. In this feasibility study, we explore an application of a Resistive Electrode Array (REA) for localization of a radioactive point source. The inverse problem posed by multichannel REA detection is studied from mathematical perspective and involves the questions of the minimal configuration of the conductive leads that can achieve this goal. The basic configuration consists of a circularly
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Energy window optimization in bremsstrahlung imaging after Yttrium-90 microsphere therapy Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-02-13 C Kayaş Demirtaş, M Can, Ö Karadeniz, Ö Vupa Çilengiroğlu, T Ertay, G Çapa Kaya
In imaging of Yttrium-90 patients treated hepatic primary and metastatic cancers, bremsstrahlung photons produced in a wide energy range is used. However, the image quality depends on acquisition energy window. This research aimed energy window optimization for Yttrium-90 bremsstrahlung imaging and 48 patients with various types of cancer received radioembolization therapy were investigated. Patients
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Dosimetric parameters calculation for 18 MV photon beam in flattening filter (FF) and flattening filter free (FFF) linear accelerators with and without magnetic deflector and lead filter Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Morteza Hashemizadeh, Mansour Zabihzadeh, Hojatollah Shahbazian, Jafar Fatahi-Asl, Marziyeh Reshadatian
Dosimetric characteristics of the flattening filter (FF) and flattening filter free (FFF) modes of 18 MV therapeutic photon beam were investigated with and without the magnetic deflector (MD) and lead filter. MCNP version 6.1.0 Monte Carlo (MC) code was used to simulate the 18 MV photon beam of 2100 C/D-Varian linear accelerator (LINAC) for the FF and FFF modes. The MD (uniform magnetic flux density
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Automated prediction of diabetes mellitus using infrared thermal foot images: recurrent neural network approach Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-02-12 0000-0001-9603-6304Gulshan1kumargulshan654@gmail.com, Ajat Shatru Arora
Millions of people worldwide are affected by Diabetes Mellitus (DM), which is a chronic disease. Evaluation of the DM indicator, namely blood glucose level, requires invasive methods such as glucometer or blood tests, which cause discomfort to the patient. Automated noninvasive monitoring methods are urgently needed to ensure consistency and better treatment. The regular monitoring of DM can prevent
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Stepped frequency ultrasound computed tomography with waveform inversion Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-02-12 Luca A Forte
Routine US (ultrasound) scans for breast imaging run on a conventional console suffer from machine and operator dependence and are subject to personal interpretation. Recently, the framework of USCT (ultrasound computed tomography) has emerged as a safe, powerful and operator independent alternative to diagnostic US scans and x-rays mammography. The most known systems employ one circular array or a
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Determination of the P rp and radial dose correction factor in reference dosimetry Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-02-12 Indra J Das, Serpil K Dogan, Mahesh Gopalakrishnan
Objectives. In an addendum to AAPM TG-51 protocol, McEwen et al, (DOI: 10.1118/1.4866223) introduced a new factor P rp to account for the radial dose distribution of the photon beam over the detector volume mainly in flattening filter free (FFF) beams. P rp and its extension to non-FFF beam reference dosimetry is investigated to see its impact in a clinical situation. Approches. The P rp was measured
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Enhancing the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of magnetocardiography by optimal channel selection for cardiac diagnosis Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-02-09 C Kesavaraja, S Sengottuvel, Rajesh Patel, Raja J Selvaraj, Santhosh Satheesh, Awadhesh Mani
Background. Magnetocardiography (MCG) is a non-invasive and non-contact technique that measures weak magnetic fields generated by the heart. It is highly effective in the diagnosis of heart abnormalities. Multichannel MCG provides detailed spatio-temporal information of the measured magnetic fields. While multichannel MCG systems are costly, usage of the optimal number of measurement channels to characterize
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Dosimetry audit in advanced radiotherapy using in-house developed anthropomorphic head & neck phantom Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-02-07 Nitin R Kakade, Rajesh Kumar, S D Sharma, B K Sapra
The treatment of head and neck (H&N) cancer presents formidable challenges due to the involvement of normal tissue and organs at risk (OARs) in the close vicinity. Ensuring the precise administration of the prescribed dose demands prior dose verification. Considering contour irregularity and heterogeneity in the H&N region, an anthropomorphic and heterogeneous H&N phantom was developed and fabricated
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Technical note: development of a simulation framework, enabling the investigation of locally tuned single energy proton radiography Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-02-07 Måns Lundberg, Arturs Meijers, Kevin Souris, Sylvain Deffet, Damien C Weber, Antony Lomax, Antje Knopf
Range uncertainties remain a limitation for the confined dose distribution that proton therapy can offer. The uncertainty stems from the ambiguity when translating CT Hounsfield Units (HU) into proton stopping powers. Proton Radiography (PR) can be used to verify the proton range. Specifically, PR can be used as a quality-control tool for CBCT-based synthetic CTs. An essential part of the work illustrating
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PSMA PET/CT as a predictive tool for subregional importance estimates in the parotid gland Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Caleb Sample, Arman Rahmim, François Benard, Jonn Wu, Haley Clark
Objective. Xerostomia and radiation-induced salivary gland dysfunction remain a common side effect for head-and-neck radiotherapy patients, and attempts have been made to quantify the heterogeneity of the dose response within parotid glands. Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) ligands have demonstrated high uptake in salivary glands, which has been shown to correlate with gland functionality
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Plan quality assessment of modern radiosurgery technologies in the treatment of multiple brain metastases Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-02-05 K Hiscoke, A Leong, AM Hogan, I Cowley
Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) of multiple brain metastases has evolved over the last 40 years allowing centres to treat an increasing number of brain metastases in a single treatment fraction. HyperArcTM planning optimisation technique is one such development that streamlines the treatment of multiple metastases with a single isocentre. Several studies have investigated the plan quality of HyperArc
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Simulation and pre-planning omitted radiotherapy (SPORT): a feasibility study for prostate cancer Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Tingliang Zhuang, David Parsons, Neil Desai, Grant Gibbard, Dana Keilty, Mu-Han Lin, Bin Cai, Dan Nguyen, Tsuicheng Chiu, Andrew Godley, Arnold Pompos, Steve Jiang
This study explored the feasibility of on-couch intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) planning for prostate cancer (PCa) on a cone-beam CT (CBCT)-based online adaptive RT platform without an individualized pre-treatment plan and contours. Ten patients with PCa previously treated with image-guided IMRT (60 Gy/20 fractions) were selected. In contrast to the routine online adaptive RT workflow, a novel
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Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) treatment increased reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) levels in tumor samples obtained from patients with low-grade glioma Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-01-31 Yogesh Aggarwal, Akshay Vaid, Anand Visani, Ramkrishna Rane, Alphonsa Joseph, Subroto Mukherjee, Manjari Tripathi, P Sarat Chandra, Ramesh Doddamani, Aparna Banerjee Dixit, Jyotirmoy Banerjee
Low-grade gliomas (LGGs) are a heterogeneous group of tumors with an average 10-year survival rate of 40%–55%. Current treatment options include chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and gross total resection (GTR) of the tumor. The extent of resection (EOR) plays an important role in improving surgical outcomes. However, the major obstacle in treating low-grade gliomas is their diffused nature and the presence
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Decoupled optimal control of 3D biped for human voluntary motion Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express Pub Date : 2024-01-31 Badar Ali, Asif Mahmood Mughal
The sit-to-stand (STS) model from a biomechanical point of view is an enormously important subject, with motor controls simulating human intended behavior. Physiological motion-based biomechanical research is important for designing whole-body prosthetics and understanding physical disabilities. The control strategies for biomechanical models can effectively synergize with the central nervous system