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Diagnostic performance of the six-item cognitive impairment test as first-step screening for dementia: a meta-analysis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 September 2022

Seong-Hi Park Open the ORCID record for Seong-Hi Park [Opens in a new window]
Seong-Hi Park*
Affiliation:
School of Nursing, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea
*
Corresponding author. Email: shpark2015@sch.ac.kr
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Abstract

Objective:

Dementia, a slowly progressive disease, is poorly diagnosed. One reason is that it is difficult to use the screening tools. The six-item cognitive impairment test (6-CIT) is brief, with six items, and has a confirmed scoring system that can easily be used by an average individual. This review aimed to analyze the predictive validity of the 6-CIT including comparisons with other tools such as the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).

Methods:

Literature searches were performed on the MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and PsycArticles using the dementia and 6-CITas keywords. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 was applied to assess the risk of bias.

Results:

Seven studies with 6,831 participants that met the selection criteria were included. The pooled sensitivity of the 6-CIT analyzed in seven studies was 0.82 (95% CI 0.73–0.89), the pooled specificity was 0.87, and the summary receiver operating characteristic (sROC) curve was 0.90 (SE = 0.04). The diagnostic performance of the 6-CIT and MMSE was compared in three studies. The pooled sensitivity of the 6-CIT was 0.85, the pooled specificity was 0.91, and the sROC curve was 0.91, whereas the MMSE values were 0.70, 0.93, and 0.68, respectively.

Conclusion:

This review presents evidence that the 6-CIT has excellent dementia screening performance and could be used as a potential alternative to the MMSE. The 6-CIT may provide an opportunity for early detection of dementia.

Keywords

Dementiacognitive dysfunctionneuropsychological testssensitivity and specificitymeta-analysis
Type
Brief Report
Information
Brain Impairment , Volume 24 , Issue 2 , September 2023 , pp. 412 - 423
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Australasian Society for the Study of Brain Impairment

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