Abstract
This article presents the results of experimental studies of the efficiency of heat transfer on a flat rectangular (\(16\times 24\) mm2) heat transfer surface ( HTS) modified via additive manufacturing. Comparative experimental studies were carried out on an unmodified HTS and two modified HTSeswith different geometric parameters of the modifying coating. A porous sinusoidal coating consisting of spherical bronze granules with an average diameter of 35 \(\mu\)m was 3D printed on the brass base of the heat transfer unit. The coating thickness is 150 \(\mu\)m in the deepenings and 300 \(\mu\)m and 700 \(\mu\)m on the ridges. The heat transfer was studied during free-convection boiling of liquid freon R21 at heat flux densities of 200–\(5\cdot 10^5\) W/m2 at a reduced pressure of 0.03. The experiments have shown that for the modified surfaces, activation of nucleation sites begins at a significantly lower heat flux density compared with the case of the smooth unmodified surface. Under conditions of activated nucleation sites on a modified surface, the heat transfer coefficient increases 4–5 times. Activation of nucleation sites is realized in the deepenings of the sinusoidal coating. Upon activation of nucleation sites (at heat loads less than 100,000 W/m2), the heat transfer intensity is the same for both studied surfaces having the same coating thickness in the deepenings. On the surface with significantly higher ridges at heat loads \(10,000 < q< 300,000\) W/m2 upon activation of nucleation sites, the temperature difference observed is smaller than that on the surface with smaller ridges.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Kurihara, H.M. and Myers, J.E., The Effects of Superheat and Surface Roughness on Boiling Coefficients, AIChE J., 1960, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 83–91.
Berenson, P.J., Experiments on Pool-Boiling Heat Transfer, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 1962, vol. 5, no. 10, pp. 985–999.
Danilova, G.N. and Bel’skii, V.K., Study of Heat Transfer at Boiling of Freons 113 and 12 on Tubes of Various Roughness, Kholod. Tekh., 1965, vol. 4, pp. 24–28.
Gogonin, I.I., The Effect of Artificial Vaporization Centers on Heat Exchange During Boiling of the Film Irrigating a Bundle of Horizontal Finned Pipes, Thermophys. Aeromech., 2021, vol. 28. no. 5, pp. 697–702; doi.10.1134/S0869864321050103.
Kim, D.E., Yu, D.I., Jerng, D.W., Kim, M.H., and Ahn, H.S., Review of Boiling Heat Transfer Enhancement on Micro/Nanostructured Surfaces, Exp. Thermal Fluid Sci., 2015, vol. 66, pp. 173–196; doi.10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2015.03.023.
Lin, T., Ma, X., Quan, X., Cheng, P., and Chen, G., Enhanced Pool Boiling Heat Transfer on Freeze-Casted Surfaces, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 2020, vol. 153, p. 119622; doi.org/10.1016/ j.ijheatmasstransfer.2020.119622.
Das, S., Saha, B., and Bhaumik, S., Experimental Study of Nucleate Pool Boiling Heat Transfer of Water by Surface Functionalization with Crystalline TiO2 Nanostructure, Appl. Thermal Engin., 2017, vol. 113, pp. 1345–1357; doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.11.135.
Das, S., Kumar, D. S., and Bhaumik, S., Experimental Study of Nucleate Pool Boiling Heat Transfer of Water on Silicon Oxide Nanoparticle Coated Copper Heating Surface, Appl. Thermal Engin., 2016, vol. 96, pp. 555–567; doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.11.117.
Cao, Z., Liu, B., Preger, C., Wu, Z., Zhang, Y., Wang, X., Messing, M.E., Deppert, K., Wei, J., and Sundén, B., Pool Boiling Heat Transfer of FC-72 on Pin-Fin Silicon Surfaces with Nanoparticle Deposition, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 2018, vol. 126, pp. 1019–1033; doi.org/10.1016/ j.ijheatmasstransfer.2018.05.033.
Pontes, P., Cautela, R., Teodori, E., Moita, A., Liu, Y., Moreira, A.L.N., Nikulin, A., and del Barrio, E.P., Effect of Pattern Geometry on Bubble Dynamics and Heat Transfer on Biphilic Surfaces, Exp. Thermal Fluid Sci., 2020, vol. 115, p. 110088; doi.org/10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2020.110088.
Kaniowski, R., Pastuszko, R., and Nowakowski, Ł., Effect of Geometrical Parameters of Open Microchannel Surfaces on Pool Boiling Heat Transfer, EPJ Web Conf., 2017, vol. 143, p. 02049; doi.org/10.1051/ epjconf/201714302049.
Arenales, M.R.M., Kumar, S., Kuo, L.S., and Chen, P.H., Surface Roughness Variation Effects on Copper Tubes in Pool Boiling of Water, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 2020, vol. 151, p. 119399; doi.org/10.1016/ j.ijheatmasstransfer.2020.119399.
Kumar, S., Chang, Y.W., and Chen, P.H., Pool-Boiling Heat-Transfer Enhancement on Cylindrical Surfaces with Hybrid Wettable Patterns, J. Visual. Exp., 2017, vol. 122, p. e55387; DOI:10.3791/55387
Vladimirov, V.Yu. and Chinnov, E.A., Heat Transfer Enhancement when Boiling on Finned Surfaces, J. Phys.: Conf. Ser., 2021, vol. 1867, p. 012024; DOI:10.1088/1742-6596/1867/1/012024.
Ma, X. and Cheng, P., Dry Spot Dynamics and Wet Area Fractions in Pool Boiling on Micro-Pillar and Micro-Cavity Hydrophilic Heaters: A 3D Lattice Boltzmann Phase-Change Study, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 2019, vol. 141, pp. 407–418; doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2019.06.086.
Wang, Y.Q., Luo, J.L., Heng, Y., Mo, D.C., and Lyu, S.S., Wettability Modification to Further Enhance the Pool Boiling Performance of the Micro Nano Bi-Porous Copper Surface Structure, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 2018, vol. 119, pp. 333–342; doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2017.11.080.
Mo, D.C., Yang, S., Luo, J.L., Wang, Y.Q., and Lyu, S.S., Enhanced Pool Boiling Performance of a Porous Honeycomb Copper Surface with Radial Diameter Gradient, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 2020, vol. 157, p. 119867; doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2020.119867.
Jo, H., Yu, D.I., Noh, H., Park, H.S., and Kim, M.H., Boiling on Spatially Controlled Heterogeneous Surfaces: Wettability Patterns on Microstructures, Appl. Phys. Lett., 2015, vol. 106, p. 181602; doi.org/ 10.1063/1.4919916.
Gregorčič, P., Zupančič, M., and Golobič, I., Scalable Surface Microstructuring by a Fiber Laser for Controlled Nucleate Boiling Performance of High- and Low-Surface-Tension Fluids, Sci. Rep., 2018, vol. 8, no. 7461, pp. 1–8; doi.org:10.1038/s41598-018-25843-5.
Cao, Z., Wu, Z., Pham, A.D., Yang, Y., Abbood, S., Falkman, P., and Sundén, B., Pool Boiling of HFE-7200 on Nanoparticle-Coating Surfaces: Experiments and Heat Transfer Analysis, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 2019, vol. 133, pp. 548–560; doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2018.12.140.
Tran, N., Sajjad, U., Lin, R., and Wang, C.C., Effects of Surface Inclination and Type of Surface Roughness on the Nucleate Boiling Heat Transfer Performance of HFE-7200 Dielectric Fluid, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 2020, vol. 147, p. 119015; doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2019.119015.
Manetti, L.L., Ribatski, G., de Souza, R.R., and Cardoso, E.M., Pool Boiling Heat Transfer of HFE-7100 on Metal Foams, Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 2020, vol. 113, p. 110025; doi.org/10.1016/ j.expthermflusci.2019.110025.
Das, S., Saha, B., and Bhaumik, S., Experimental Study of Nucleate Pool Boiling Heat Transfer of Water by Surface Functionalization with Crystalline TiO2 Nanostructure, Appl. Thermal Engin., 2017, vol. 113, pp. 1345–1357; doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.11.135.
McGillis, W.R., Carey, V.P., Fitch, J.S., and Hamburgen, W.R., Pool Boiling Enhancement Techniques for Water at Low Pressure, in Procs. of the Seventh IEEE Semiconductor Thermal Measurement and Management Symposium, 1991, no. 4000138, pp. 64–72; DOI:10.1109/STHERM.1991.152914.
Rainey, K.N. and You, S.M., Pool Boiling Heat Transfer from Plain and Microporous, Square Pin-Finned Surfaces in Saturated FC-72, J. Heat Transfer, 2000, vol. 122, no. 3, pp. 509–516; doi.org/10.1115/ 1.1288708.
Yu, C.K. and Lu, D.C., Pool Boiling Heat Transfer on Horizontal Rectangular Fin Array in Saturated FC-72, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 2007, vol. 50, nos. 17/18, pp. 3624–3637; doi.org/10.1016/ j.ijheatmasstransfer.2007.02.003.
Shen, C., Zhang, C., Bao, Y., Wang, X., Liu, Y., and Ren, L., Experimental Investigation on Enhancement of Nucleate Pool Boiling Heat Transfer Using Hybrid Wetting Pillar Surface at Low Heat Fluxes, Int. J. Thermal Sci., 2018, vol. 130, pp. 47–58; doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2018.04.011.
Kaniowski, R., Pastuszko, R., and Nowakowski, Ł., Effect of Geometrical Parameters of Open Microchannel Surfaces on Pool Boiling Heat Transfer, EPJ Web Conf., 2017, vol. 143, p. 02049; doi.org/10.1051/ epjconf/201714302049.
Wang, Y.Q., Luo, J.L., Heng, Y., Mo, D.C., and Lyu, S.S., Wettability Modification to Further Enhance the Pool Boiling Performance of the Micro Nano Bi-Porous Copper Surface Structure, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 2018, vol. 119, pp. 333–342; doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2017.11.080.
Jo, H., Yu, D.I., Noh, H., Park, H.S., and Kim, M.H., Boiling on Spatially Controlled Heterogeneous Surfaces: Wettability Patterns on Microstructures, Appl. Phys. Lett., 2015, vol. 106, p. 181602; doi.org/ 10.1063/1.4919916.
Khmel, S.Y., Baranov, E.A., Safonov, A.I., Vladimirov, V. Yu., and Chinnov, E.A., Experimental Study of Pool Boiling on Heaters with Nanomodified Surfaces under Saturation, Heat Transfer Engin., 2021, vol. 42, no. 22; DOI:10.1080/01457632.2021.2009211
Pecherkin, N.I., Pavlenko, A.N., Volodin, O.A., Kataev, A.I., and Mironova, I.B., Experimental Study of Heat Transfer Enhancement in a Falling Film of R21 on an Array of Horizontal Tubes with MAO Coating, Int. Comm. Heat Mass Transfer, 2021, vol. 129, pp. 105743-1–105743-13.
Pavlenko, A.N., Zhukov, V.E., and Mezentseva, N.N., Heat Dissipation and Critical Heat Flux on a Modified Surface at Boiling under Conditions of Natural Convection, Teplofiz. Aeromekh., 2022, vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 445–449.
Sajjad, U., Sadeghianjahromi, A., Ali, H.M., and Wang, C.C., Enhanced Pool Boiling of Dielectric and Highly Wetting Liquids-A Review on Enhancement Mechanisms, Int. Comm. Heat Mass Transfer, 2020, vol. 119, p. 104950; doi.org/10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2020.104950.
Li, X., Cole, I., and Tu, J., A Review of Nucleate Boiling on Nanoengineered Surfaces—The Nanostructures, Phenomena and Mechanisms, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 2019, vol. 141, pp. 20–33; doi.org/10.1016/ j.ijheatmasstransfer.2019.06.069.
Liang, G. and Mudawar, I., Review of Pool Boiling Enhancement by Surface Modification, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 2019, vol. 128, pp. 892–933; doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2018.09.026.
Dedov, A.V., A Review of Modern Methods for Enhancing Nucleate Boiling Heat Transfer, Thermal Engin., 2019, vol. 66, no. 12, pp. 881–915; doi.org/10.1134/S0040601519120012.
Bessmeltsev, V.P., Pavlenko, A.N., and Zhukov, V.I., Development of a Technology for Creating Structured Capillary-Porous Coatings by Means of 3D Printing for Intensification of Heat Transfer during Boiling, Optoel., Instr. Data Process., 2019, vol. 55, no. 6, pp. 554–563. DOI:10.3103/S8756699019060049.
Zhukov, V.I., Pavlenko, A.N., and Shvetsov, D.A., The Effect of Pressure on Heat Transfer at Evaporation/Boiling in a Thin Horizontal Liquid Layer on a Microstructured Surface Produced by 3D Laser Printing, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 2020, vol. 163; DOI:10.1134/S1810232813040012.
Zhukov, V.E., Slesareva, E.Yu., and Pavlenko, A.N., Effect of Modification of Heat-Release Surface on Heat Transfer in Nucleate Boiling at Free Convection of Freon, J. Eng. Therm., 2021, vol. 30, pp. 1–13; https://doi.org/10.1134/S181023282101001X.
Spalding, D.B., Heat Exchanger Design Handbook. Heat Exchanger Theory, Hemisphere, 1983.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zhukov, V.E., Mezentseva, N.N. & Pavlenko, A.N. Heat Transfer Enhancement on Surface Modified via Additive Manufacturing during Pool Boiling of Freon. J. Engin. Thermophys. 31, 551–562 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1810232822040014
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1810232822040014