Abstract
This review explores several rarely discussed examples illustrating constructivism principles, generative and selective features of neuronal regulation of behaviour. First, the review highlights Walter Freeman’s experiments and mathematical analysis that uncovered the existence of anticipatory attractors, i.e. non-random dynamical patterns in neurodynamics. Since Freeman’s work did not extend to neurochemistry, this paper then points to the proposed earlier neurochemical framework summarizing the managerial roles of monoaminergic, cholinergic and opioid receptor systems likely contributing to anticipatory attractors in line with functional constructivism. As a third example, neurochemistry’s evidence points to the “Throw & Catch” (T&C) principle in neurodynamics. This principle refers to the pro-active, neurochemically expensive, massive but topical increase of potentials (“Throw”) within electrodynamics and neurotransmission in the brain whenever there is an uncertainty in selection of degrees of freedom (DFs). The T&C also underlines the relay-like processes during the selection of DFs. The “Throw” works as an internally generated “flashlight” that, contrarily to the expectations of entropy reduction, increases entropy and variance observed in processes related to orientation and action-formation. The discussed examples highlight the deficiency of structures-oriented projects and excitation-inhibition concepts in neuroscience. The neural regulation of behaviour appears to be a fluid, constructive process, constantly upgrading the choice of behavioural DFs, to ensure the compatibility between the environmental and individual’s individuals’ needs and capacities.
About the author
Prof. Irina Trofimova, PhD works as a Clinical Assistant Professor (Adjunct) within the CILab, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Canada since 1997. She is also a licensed Clinical Psychologist since 1999, Co-Directing a private practice Psychological Services (Toronto-Hamilton) and Co-Directing the Late Life Memory Clinic under Dunnville Hospital, Ontario. She has published 7 books, 70+ articles in the field of neuroscience, clinical, differential, personality, cognitive, evolutional and mathematical psychology, nonlinear dynamics and classifications (taxonomies) of individual differences. Her main current interests are neurochemical biomarkers of consistent behavioural patterns (temperament in healthy people and symptoms of psychopathology in psychiatric disorders). Her detailed CV can be found at: http://www.fhs.mcmaster.ca/cilab/ira/ira.html.
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Author contributions: The author has accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
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Research funding: None declared.
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Conflict of interest statement: The author declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.
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