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Possible regulation of ganglioside GD3 synthase gene expression with DNA methylation in human glioma cells

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Abstract

Gangliosides are expressed in nervous systems and some neuroectoderm-derived tumors at high levels and play pivotal roles. However, mechanisms for the regulation of glycosyltransferase genes responsible for the ganglioside synthesis are not well understood. In this study, we analyzed DNA methylation patterns of promoter regions of GD3 synthase (ST8SIA1) as well as mRNA levels and ganglioside expression using human glioma cell lines. Among 5 cell lines examined, 4 lines showed changes in the expression levels of related genes after treatment with 5-aza-dC. LN319 showed up-regulation of St8sia1 and increased b-series gangliosides after 5-aza-dC treatment, and an astrocytoma cell line, AS showed high expression of ST8SIA1 and b-series gangliosides persistently before and after 5-Aza-2’-deoxycytidine treatment. Using these 2 cell lines, DNA methylation patterns of the promoter regions of the gene were analyzed by bisulfite-sequencing. Consequently, 2 regions that were methylated before 5-Aza-2’-deoxycytidine treatment were demethylated in LN319 after the treatment, while those regions were persistently demethylated in AS. These 2 regions corresponded with sites defined as promoter regions by Luciferase assay. Taken together, it was suggested that ST8SIA1 gene is regulated by DNA methylation at the promoter regions, leading to the regulation of tumor phenotypes.

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Data Availability

All data are available. Koichi Furukawa should be contacted if someone wants to request the data from this study.

Abbreviations

ST8SIA1:

α2,8-sialyltransferase, GD3 synthase

KO:

Knockout

qRT-PCR:

Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction

DMEM:

Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium

5-aza-dC:

5-Aza-2’-deoxycytidine

FBS:

Fetal bovine serum

mAb:

Monoclonal antibody

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Acknowledgements

We thank M. Kojima for secretarial assistance. We also thank Y. Nakayasu and T. Mizuno for technical assistance.

Funding

This work was supported by Grants-in-aids from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, and Technology of Japan (MEXT, KAKENHI) (19K22518, 19K07393, 21K26828) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan (MEXT).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry II, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan

    Yurie Yamamoto, Yuki Ohkawa & Koichi Furukawa

  2. Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Division of Molecular Genetics & Epigenetics, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Saga, Japan

    Ken Higashimoto & Hidenobu Soejima

  3. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan

    Kei Kaneko, Keiko Furukawa & Koichi Furukawa

  4. Department of Clinical Engineering, Chubu University College of Life and Health Sciences, Kasugai, Japan

    Yuhsuke Ohmi

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Conceived and designed the experiments: KH KoF KeF. Performed the experiments: YY KH KeF. Analyzed the data: YY HS KoF KeF. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: YukO KH YuhO KK HS. Wrote the paper: KoF KeF.

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Correspondence to Koichi Furukawa.

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Yamamoto, Y., Higashimoto, K., Ohkawa, Y. et al. Possible regulation of ganglioside GD3 synthase gene expression with DNA methylation in human glioma cells. Glycoconj J 40, 323–332 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10719-023-10108-9

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